Host parasite interactions. Medical search. Frequent questions

A long-standing goal of researchers at the Institute of Parasitology is to develop the technical capacity to gain a deep understanding of the molecular language of the host-parasite interface. (mcgill.ca)
Under the leadership of Dr. Timothy Geary, Canada Research Chair in Parasite Biotechnology and Director of McGill's Institute of Parasitology, the research program will upgrade a variety of technical platforms at the Institute in protein biochemistry, nucleic acid sequencing, high-quality imaging and pharmacology. (mcgill.ca)

Brood parasite-host coevolutionary interactions. (ivb.cz)

Ploidy .Unlike in the human host, the parasite exists with the lack of a functional Krebs cycle and in nature in the haploid state throughout its life electron transport chain in malaria parasites. (who.int)

Now molecular methods are enabling much closer inspection of pathogen-host interactions and bridging the fields of microbiology and immunology. (cdc.gov)

Using multidisciplinary epidemiological, cell biological, and gene expression profiling approaches, we report here multiple lines of evidence suggesting that a major mental illness-related susceptibility factor, Disrupted in schizophrenia (DISC1), is involved in host immune responses against T. gondii infection. (nih.gov)
Specifically, our cell biology and gene expression studies have revealed that DISC1 Leu607Phe variation, which changes DISC1 interaction with activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), modifies gene expression patterns upon T. gondii infection. (nih.gov)
An important component of this research is an understanding of the response of host-plants to infection at the genome level and elucidating the cellular and subcellular processes in host-parasite interactions. (ncsu.edu)
Moreover, not only the traits of the infection but also the genetic correlations among these and other traits that determine fitness might be controlled by interactions between host and parasite genotypes. (pasteur.fr)
Indeed, recent theoretical and empirical evidence has shown that, to minimize within-host competition, some parasites protect their hosts from infection ( 2 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Infection of an animal or human host by a parasite is the outcome of an intense two-way chemical communication. (mcgill.ca)
The study of how hosts and parasites decide the outcome of infection is just such an example. (mcgill.ca)
More animals can be called "parasite" than any other designation, yet host species have evolved ways to prevent infection by almost all parasites. (mcgill.ca)
The resistant host tomato prevents the development of haustoria, specialised parasitic organs for the uptake of water and assimilates, at early stages of infection with the phanerogamic parasite Cuscuta reflexa. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
The twenty cDNA clones obtained represent mRNAs which possibly encode proteins of several functions during The resistant host tomato prevents the development of haustoria, specialised parasitic organs for the uptake of water and assimilates, at early stages of infection with the phanerogamic parasite Cuscuta reflexa. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Moreover, we found a positive correlation between the frequency of parasites in rosetting with the infection rate (p=0.0017) and intensity (p=0.0387) in the mosquito. (bvsalud.org)
For example, the authors of a recent article suggested that tolerance-based treatment of HIV infection -focused on increasing the infected patient's ability to remain well despite high HIV load (host tolerance) rather than reducing viral load (host resistance)-could be "evolution-proof," although evolution of the virus toward greater virulence remains a possibility. (cdc.gov)

Despite over a century of intensive study, no mosquito species is known to specialize on non-vertebrate hosts. (nature.com)
The present chapter has summarized the rationale and background encompassing the objectives of the study and introduces the major group to which the host species in my study belong. (mun.ca)
Although these studies examined interactions between parasites of different species, parasites of the same species also compete for host resources, and established individuals might therefore protect their host from invading conspecifics ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Other species are purpose of host-parasite interactions is to identify not that A-T rich. (who.int)
A recent comparative analysis, showed bats to be more likely to be infected with more zoonotic viruses per host species than were rodents, thus adding weight to the suggestion that bats might in some way be unique as sources of emerging zoonoses. (cdc.gov)
The analysis indicated that bats are indeed special in hosting more viruses per species than rodents, despite twice as many rodent species in the world, and that certain ecologic factors are associated with the hosting of more viruses by bats. (cdc.gov)

Research in the department on Host-Parasite Interactions and Genomics integrates pathogen genomics, computational biology and phylogeny, combined target-specific and genome-scale functional analyses to provide an unprecedented view of how organisms have evolved to be pathogens of plants and how they adapt to environmental selection. (ncsu.edu)
Is the Subject Area "Host-pathogen interactions" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
The first kind was the natural perturbations that include those caused by pathogen migration between the two subpopulations of the host, forward and backward mutations in the host or pathogen populations, and some others. (apsnet.org)

Antimicrobial resistance has also emerged in viruses, fungi, and parasites. (cdc.gov)

Unlike the other parasitic groups, the monogeneans are external parasites infesting aquatic animals, and their larvae metamorphose into the adult form after attaching to a suitable host. (wikipedia.org)

But fungal diversity also presents challenges, most notably in understanding the means by which evolutionarily diverse fungal pathogens infect, exploit, and kill human, animal, and plant hosts. (grc.org)

The human microbiome has an important role in protecting the human host against colonization by harmful invaders and keeping their numbers in check. (cdc.gov)

Oncospheres invade and cross the intestinal wall, enter the bloodstream, and then migrate to and lodge in tissues throughout the body, where they produce small (0.2-0.5 cm) fluid-filled bladders containing a single juvenile-stage parasite (protoscolex). (medscape.com)
One such 'noneradication outcome' was the impetus that the members of the ITFDE gave to initiating a demonstration project to control intestinal parasites among schoolchildren in Ghana. (cdc.gov)

Identifying parasite molecules released into the host will facilitate the development of better diagnostic tests. (mcgill.ca)

the host employs a variety of immune responses to expel or minimize the parasite burden, while the parasite deploys proteins, nucleic acids and metabolites to subvert host responses and establish a safe haven inside. (mcgill.ca)

Molecular studies have demonstrated that bats are natural host reservoirs for several recently emerged high-profile zoonotic viruses. (cdc.gov)
Although bats serve as reservoir hosts with great viral diversity, little evidence exists for corresponding death or illness of bats from viruses (other than lyssaviruses) that have spread into humans and domesticated mammals with high virulence. (cdc.gov)

The interaction is complicated by the ability of the host to use other chemical agents - drugs - and the ability of parasites to evolve resistance to them. (mcgill.ca)
One of the peculiarities of P. falciparum is that it is suggests this may be so, with implications for parasite drug-resistance studies[11]. (who.int)

2002. The role of parasites in the dynamics of a reindeer population. (canada.ca)

Malaria organism is a highly successful parasite parasites are sometimes easier to clone and express with very sophisticated mechanisms for survival in as soluble proteins are therefore used to get some the host's hostile environment. (who.int)
Invertebrate organisms that live on or in another organism (the host), and benefit at the expense of the other. (bvsalud.org)

Using molecular analyses and field observations, we provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, that a mosquito, Uranotaenia sapphirina , specializes on annelid hosts (earthworms and leeches) while its sympatric congener, Uranotaenia lowii , feeds only on anurans (frogs and toads). (nature.com)
Understanding the molecular language of the host-parasite interface will enable the discovery of new and better ways to tilt the balance of these negotiations in favour of the host. (mcgill.ca)
Molecular Aspects of Host-Parasite Interactions in Malaria: A Brief Review carries genes for 25 tRNAs which have unique prove more suitable for development as MSP-1- features, including the presence of an intron in one of based vaccines than the naturally-occurring them[12]. (who.int)

Other explanations that have been advanced previously include differential exposure of hosts, differential mortality of hosts, and progressive pathology. (frontiersin.org)
pyruvate generated by this is converted to lactate, a All the blood stages which account for all the human major source of the metabolic (lactic) acidosis seen pathology in malaria are haploid parasites. (who.int)

These findings indicate that adult mosquitoes utilize a much broader range of host taxa than previously recognized, with implications for epidemiology and the evolution of host use patterns in mosquitoes. (nature.com)

The second kind was human perturbations, such as constantly increasing the percentage of the resistant genotype within the host population each season. (apsnet.org)
Second, through the simulation of nonconstant perturbations, which assumes that the proportion of the resistant genotype of the host population increases over time, we found that the model reproduces the "boom and bust" epidemic cycles that are often found in agroecosystems. (apsnet.org)

Because blood feeding enables the transmission of pathogens between vertebrate hosts 10 , it is the primary reason behind the intense study of mosquitoes and their interactions with vertebrates. (nature.com)
Cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes) have complex life-cycles, with mature stages that live as parasites in the digestive systems of fish or land vertebrates , and intermediate stages that infest secondary hosts. (wikipedia.org)

More than 20 years after Dawkins introduced the concept of "extended phenotype" (i.e. phenotypes of hosts and parasites result from interactions between the two genomes) and although this idea has now reached contemporary textbooks of evolutionary biology, most studies of the evolution of host-parasite systems still focus solely on either the host or the parasite, neglecting the role of the other partner. (pasteur.fr)
However, with the idea of gene expression in Plasmodia where P. recent availability of the genomes of the human host, f alciparum poses specific experimental the parasite (3D7 clone of Plasmodium difficulties[7, 8]. (who.int)

Despite this, the origin of blood feeding and the evolution of host use patterns in mosquitoes or other dipteran vectors of pathogens remains poorly understood. (nature.com)
Is the Subject Area "Parasite evolution" applicable to this article? (plos.org)

metabolism, without affecting the host. (who.int)
Thus, except for the zygote produced by fertilization of the like in its red cell host, glucose metabolism in the female gametocyte by the male gamete in the malaria parasite is limited to glycolysis. (who.int)

These patterns are usually assumed to be due to acquired immunity, which is induced by exposure, directed by the host's immune system, and develops slowly over the lifetime of the host. (frontiersin.org)
The clinical presentation depends on the number, location, and stage of the lesions, as well as the host immune response. (medscape.com)
These instruments will be used by scientists at the Institute and their collaborators at McGill, in Québec and across Canada and North America to identify molecules used by parasites to modulate host immune responses. (mcgill.ca)
Finally, the identification of molecules used by parasites to quiet the host immune system is expected to reveal novel and innovative strategies for therapy of human autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and asthma, which are increasing in our modern world. (mcgill.ca)

This explanation approaches schistosomiasis from an eco-evolutionary perspective, as concomitant immunity maximizes the fitness of adult worms by reducing intraspecific competition within the host. (frontiersin.org)

Host-parasite interactions in periodontal diseases : proceedings of a symposium held at Buffalo, New York, 4-6 May 1981 / editors, Robert J. Genco, Stephan E. Mergenhagen. (who.int)

Additional research will focus on the identification of new targets in parasites suitable for the discovery of novel antiparasitic drugs, and on the identification of the mechanisms used by parasites to resist existing chemotherapeutic agents. (mcgill.ca)

Parasites are, by their nature, harmful to their hosts. (frontiersin.org)

However, parasites that kill their hosts usually also perish in the process, suggesting that they should instead evolve mechanisms to limit disease burden, and might even protect their hosts under certain circumstances ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Since the internal defense system of mollusks consists of cellular and humoral mechanisms, we examined the role of hydrocortisone in mollusks defense cells and the influence of this steroid on the development of Schistosoma mansoni in its intermediary host. (scielo.br)

The idea that parasites might protect their hosts for their own benefit is not new, but its application to the treatment and control of macroparasitic diseases of humans remains largely unexplored. (frontiersin.org)

The granulocytes, which are recognized by these many pseudopodia and are similar in appearance to mammal nerve cells, are responsible for phagocytosis and the immobilization of parasites by encapsulation (Muller 1985, Ratcliffe 1985). (scielo.br)

Differences in aphid survival were largely a function of differences in host plant acceptance, rather than differential mortality on the plant. (bioone.org)

Additional Keywords: host-parasite interaction, population dynamics. (apsnet.org)

Identification of a diverse range of bat paramyxoviruses, including those conspecific with human mumps virus, and phylogenetic reconstruction of host associations suggests numerous host switches of paramyxoviruses from bats to other mammals and birds. (cdc.gov)

Metagenomic studies are revealing that human-microbe interactions are more complex and dynamic than previously imagined and that our use of antibiotics may have unanticipated consequences. (cdc.gov)

I undertook my study to provide a better understanding of ectoparasite community structure using four auks and their ectoparasites as a model, and to attempt to derive some general principles that might be responsible for the persistence of ectoparasites on their seabird hosts. (mun.ca)

Blood feeding presents an evolutionary challenge that requires meticulous adaptations that are specific for various host groups. (nature.com)

Mimicry cannot explain rejection type in a host-brood parasite system. (ivb.cz)

It is important to consider that host and parasite genotypes share control of the epidemiological parameters of their relationship. (pasteur.fr)
La ingesta de propóleos parece mejorar el control del azúcar en sangre en una pequeña cantidad en personas con diabetes. (medlineplus.gov)

Time trends in health facility records may parasite examination and for measurement of hematocrit. (cdc.gov)
Morning and evening sessions will be interspersed with poster sessions and unstructured time to maximize informal interactions and the exchange of ideas. (grc.org)

Kleptoparasitism is a term that refers to a Some researchers have been compiling fea- reciprocal interaction in which one individual takes tures of this kind of behavior to find a single and advantage from the foraging investments of another. (bvsalud.org)

The eggs of trematodes are excreted from their main hosts, whereas adult cestodes generate vast numbers of hermaphroditic , segment-like proglottids that detach when mature, are excreted, and then release eggs. (wikipedia.org)

Finally, we discuss how kleptoparasitism could vary in function of host behavior and how the high behavioral variability of Argyrodes elevatus could be explained. (bvsalud.org)
in this wide range, the host-parasite interactions vary strongly. (bvsalud.org)

Organisms1

Phenomena and Processes1

Parasitology2

Coevolutionary1

Malaria parasites1

Microbiology1

Infection12

Species6

Pathogen3

Fungi1

Parasitic1

Infect1

Microbiome1

Intestinal2

Diagnostic tests1

Minimize1

VIRUSES2

Resistance2

20021

Organism2

Molecular3

Pathology2

Implications1

Genotype2

Vertebrates2

Genomes2

Evolution2

Metabolism2

Immune4

Intraspecific1

Symposium1

Research1

Harmful1

Mechanisms2

Humans1

19851

Differences1

Dynamics1

Mammals1

Studies1

Study1

Specific1

System1

Control2

Time2

Term1

Adult1

Vary2