AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
Immunity, InnatePhagocytosisHost-Pathogen InteractionsDefense MechanismsCandidiasis, VulvovaginalNeutrophilsMacrophagesOpsonin ProteinsVirulenceHost-Parasite InteractionsBlood Bactericidal ActivityImmunity, CellularMice, Inbred C57BLMolecular Sequence DataPeritoneal CavityLipopolysaccharidesCytokinesMice, Inbred BALB CDisease SusceptibilityCells, CulturedCandida albicansCell LinePhagocytesLungMacrophages, PeritonealSignal TransductionPlant DiseasesListeriosisSpleenRespiratory BurstAmino Acid SequenceMice, KnockoutBacterial InfectionsInterferon-gammaYersinia enterocoliticaEscherichia coliTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaSalmonella Infections, AnimalInflammationPorphyromonas gingivalisAntimicrobial Cationic PeptidesEscherichia coli InfectionsComplement System ProteinsBacterial ProteinsVirulence FactorsStaphylococcus aureusSalmonella typhimuriumDisease Models, AnimalBacteriaViral ProteinsTime FactorsLuminescent MeasurementsRNA, MessengerAntibody FormationDefensinsVirus ReplicationMonocytesMutationBase SequenceEpithelial CellsGene Expression RegulationAdjuvants, ImmunologicApoptosisAnti-Bacterial AgentsInterleukin-1T-LymphocytesRecombinant ProteinsProtein BindingMembrane GlycoproteinsSalicylic AcidOxylipinsAntigens, BacterialImmunoglobulin Gbeta-DefensinsPlant LeavesHost SpecificityCyclopentanesDisease ResistanceGene Expression Regulation, PlantOxidative StressAntibodiesPlant ImmunityAntibodies, MonoclonalLiverImmunityToll-Like ReceptorsPlant ProteinsReactive Oxygen SpeciesMacrophages, AlveolarAntioxidantsTobaccoHydrogen PeroxideOomycetesKineticsReceptors, Pattern RecognitionPlants, Genetically ModifiedArabidopsisGene Expression ProfilingColony Count, MicrobialPhylogeny
Antiviral defence mechanismInfectionLine of defenceMolecular mechanisms involvedInteractionsEffectorRNasesPathogenPhytophthoraViralRecognitionInteractionOvercomeCellularProteinsAimsRegulationInnate immunitySpeciesImmune systemResistanceParasitePathwaysResponsesUnderstoodVirulenceIntegrityAcuteVirusesActivateProcessesObjectiveSurvivalSuitablePopulationsKnowledgeUnderstandingSpecificResearchProtectsStudiesSystemsCrucialImportantDiseaseProteinComplexDataTreatmentRoleStrategiesUniversityMajor
Antiviral defence mechanism2
  • RIPK3 is a well-known mediator of the necroptosis cell death pathway, which is an important antiviral defence mechanism. (nature.com)
  • RNA silencing is an adaptive, inducible antiviral defence mechanism in the host against invading viruses. (org.in)
Infection8
  • The growth requirements of micro-organisms, microbial genetics and host-microbe interaction are discussed within the context of infection control. (edu.au)
  • How can mankind use bacteria's internal mechanism of fighting a virus to protect human cells from a bacterial infection? (thehindubusinessline.com)
  • Our research aims at answering the following questions: Which mechanisms and specific patterns lead to the recognition of a viral infection? (uni-bonn.de)
  • While the precise mechanisms leading to acute disease are still not fully understood, the cumulative damage of infection is now giving rise to a second pandemic of its long-term effects. (edu.au)
  • The major events in the regulation of the host response on a transcriptional level occur within the first 3 days after infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • His research focus is to develop and apply proteomics based techniques to characterize the molecular mechanisms behind invasive bacterial infection. (lu.se)
  • Oonagh Shannon is Associate Professor in Experimental Infection Medicine and she has a long-standing research interest in understanding the host response to bacteria that breach the bloodstream. (lu.se)
  • Anders Håkansson is Professor in Experimental Infection Medicine at the Department of Translational Medicine and his group is focused on better understanding how bacteria interact with the host during severe infections such as pneumonia and sepsis. (lu.se)
Line of defence1
  • Selecting a reliable and security-conscious hosting provider is the first line of defence for your WordPress site. (dailywebsite.com)
Molecular mechanisms involved3
  • This report contributes significantly to the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms involved in the highly dynamic seaweed-bacterium interactions. (asm.org)
  • Efforts to develop effective disease management strategies can be aided by investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in the host-pathogen interaction between F. circinatum and pine species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During sepsis, these host defence systems become pathologically augmented and deregulated and we develop experimental models to delineate cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. (lu.se)
Interactions10
  • We invite submissions on all aspects of plant-pathogen interactions with studies that focus on either the individual host or the pathogen as well as those that map their interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Early virus-host interactions are an interplay of viral exploitation of cellular proteins, functions, and innate defence mechanisms. (uni-bonn.de)
  • A deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie host-pathogen interactions is essential for developing durable disease resistance. (cam.ac.uk)
  • This balance is maintained by microbial diversity, genetic factors, and complex molecular-cellular interactions between host and microbiome. (uni-ulm.de)
  • The IMPALA project investigate the impact of agricultural land-use intensification through the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the microbiome and its functional interactions with hosts along a trophic cascade in grassland ecosystems. (uni-ulm.de)
  • The project thus provides important information on the effects of fertilization on the stability of an ecosystem, which are mediated through host-microbiome interactions. (uni-ulm.de)
  • A particular focus is development of new proteomics techniques to investigate protein interactions between host and pathogen and to investigate systemic proteome changes during sepsis. (lu.se)
  • His research aims to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial interactions with human cells and to use that information to identify targets for treatment and diagnostics of bacterial infections. (lu.se)
  • Recent interests focus on speciation and hybridization processes in Bahamas mosquitofish, causes and concequences of fish migration, host-parasite interactions between fish and mussels, harbour porpoise foraging ecology, win-win solutions for hydropower and the Atlantic eel and salmon, as well as prey movement in a landscape of fear. (lu.se)
  • This project deals with interactions between fish hosts and mussel parasitic larvae in streams. (lu.se)
Effector1
  • in Cell 3 reveals an unexpected, cell-death-independent function for RIPK3 in host defence against West Nile virus (WNV), expanding the role of this important host antiviral effector. (nature.com)
RNases1
  • Overall, our data anticipate a biological role for human antimicrobial RNases in host response to mycobacterial infections and set the basis for the design of novel anti-tubercular drugs. (frontiersin.org)
Pathogen6
  • These sources of variability are incorporated by running Monte Carlo simulations that are populationbased in nature i.e. they account for variability in both the pathogen and the host. (benthamscience.com)
  • According to the World Health Organization (WHO), TB is responsible for about 1.6 million TB deaths and 10 million (5.8 million men, 3.2 million women, and 1.0 million children) new cases have been detected in 2017 and more than a third of the world population is hosting Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the causative pathogen of TB, in its latent form ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Mtb is an intracellular pathogen able to survive indefinitely under unfavorable conditions inside primary host immune cells, preferably residing in human alveolar macrophages ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The dynamic interplay between virulence factors of a pathogen and the innate immunity of a host determines whether disease will occur. (cam.ac.uk)
  • We have a long-standing interest in the molecular basis of host-pathogen co-evolution. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The integration of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from microorganisms with their surface receptors in the immune cells, induces the production of several cytokines and chemokines that presents either a pro- and/or anti-inflammatory role by stimulating the secretion of a great variety of antibody subtypes and the activation of mechanisms of controlling the disease, such as the regulatory T cells. (bvsalud.org)
Phytophthora1
  • We also found Phytophthora virulence proteins, called effectors, that suppress host sRNAs as a counter-defence mechanism. (cam.ac.uk)
Viral2
  • Programmed cell death (PCD) is a crucial component of the host antiviral response that restricts viral replication and spread. (nature.com)
  • The identification of viral inhibitors of RIPK3 encoded by murine cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus underscore the importance of RIPK3-dependent antiviral necroptosis in host defence 2 . (nature.com)
Recognition3
  • Insertions, deletions, and amino acid substitutions were detected in genes encoding putative elicitors such as beta elicitin and cellulose-binding domain proteins from the leather rot strains compared to the highly virulent crown rot strain, suggesting a potential mechanism for the crown rot strain to escape host recognition during compatible interaction with strawberry. (nibio.no)
  • Upon recognition of attack by an insect herbivore, induced defences are activated. (springer.com)
  • 2009 ). Cues that trigger plant defence can be general, such as mechanical wounding of a leaf or root, or more specific, such as the recognition of insect saliva at the wounding site (Acevedo et al. (springer.com)
Interaction2
  • Knowledge of defence mechanisms in the resistant interaction is lacking. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We present each interaction separately, and review the possible biological mechanisms involved. (ersjournals.com)
Overcome2
  • In order to replicate successfully, viruses had to develop mechanisms to overcome host defences. (helsinki.fi)
  • Although plants have evolved a myriad of immune mechanisms, successful pathogens overcome the defence system and cause disease. (cam.ac.uk)
Cellular2
  • It will also provide an introduction into how understanding basic cellular processes can be used to understand the mechanisms by which antibiotics specifically inhibit certain bacteria and permit the identification of new targets for the development of novel antibiotics. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Here we describe the cellular pathways involved in the host response to experimental pneumococcal meningitis in specified disease states and brain regions. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins1
  • Antimicrobial proteins and peptides offer a multifaceted mechanism suitable to fight bacterial resistance. (frontiersin.org)
Aims2
  • BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The mechanism of action of anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-TNF] agents could implicate macrophage modulation in Crohn's disease [CD]. (bvsalud.org)
  • The aims of this research are to identify novel diagnostic and prognostic markers within the host response, as well as antibacterial targets specifically associated with sepsis. (lu.se)
Regulation1
  • The objective being to give an overview of the methods used in the discovery of molecular mechanisms used by model bacteria and the application of this in understanding the basic processes involved in bacterial growth and development in terms of regulation and biological function. (ncl.ac.uk)
Innate immunity1
  • To cite this article: Martin SF, Esser PR, Weber FC, Jakob T, Freudenberg MA, Schmidt M, Goebeler M. Mechanisms of chemical-induced innate immunity in allergic contact dermatitis. (cdc.gov)
Species4
  • This is achieved by optimizing several key factors that are properties of the drug, the bug, and the host species. (benthamscience.com)
  • Streptococcus species [ 3 ], although an in- tion as determined by the Wagner classifi- creasing number of patients have been en- cation. (who.int)
  • By inducing plant defence, one insect herbivore species can antagonize or facilitate other herbivore species feeding on the same plant, even when they are separated in space and time. (springer.com)
  • We also assessed how the different leaf-chewing herbivore species affected defence-related gene expression in leaves and primary roots of B. oleracea , both before and after infestation with the root herbivore. (springer.com)
Immune system1
  • Correct nutrition can reduce infectious afflictions by enhancing cell-tissue integrity and optimising defence mechanisms of the immune system. (thepoultrysite.com)
Resistance1
  • Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance could expedite development of resistant genotypes and improve the effectiveness of genetic resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
Parasite2
  • Parasite control can be aided by appropriate host nutrition, particularly adequate metabolisable protein nutrition, and regular use of anti-parasitic drugs. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • We need to get a better understanding of natural mechanisms of host defence against the parasite, to help in the search for better ways of treating severe malaria and for an effective malaria vaccine. (europa.eu)
Pathways1
  • Depending on the cytokine profile, cell death or survival pathways are activated, and these opposing outcomes can lead to inflammation through different mechanisms. (edu.au)
Responses1
  • The main barrier to studying defence responses in non-model organisms in the past was the need for a reference genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Understood2
  • unfortunately, their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. (frontiersin.org)
  • Due to mechanisms that are still insufficiently understood, the specific degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta leads to resting tremor, bradykinesia, and gait- and balance deficits. (lu.se)
Virulence1
  • Several studies have recently shown that features such as its high infectivity, slow growth, and complex cell-wall structure, make M. tuberculosis a major challenge to be faced, since the specific mechanisms that reinforce the high virulence of Mtb remain largely unknown ( 4 , 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
Integrity1
  • By implementing these best practices, you create a robust defence against potential threats, ensuring the integrity and availability of your WordPress website. (dailywebsite.com)
Acute1
  • As Prime Minister, Mr Brown hosted the G20 Summit in 2009, when under his leadership the G20 countries committed to making an additional US$1.1 trillion available to alleviate the most acute economic crisis since the Great Depression. (bvsalud.org)
Viruses1
Activate1
  • In this context, the ability of seaweeds to recognize microbes and, when necessary, activate defense mechanisms is essential for their survival. (asm.org)
Processes3
  • A learning organisation has systems, mechanisms and processes in place that are used to continuously enhance its capabilities, and those who work with or for it, to achieve sustainable objectives for themselves and the organisation. (anao.gov.au)
  • We evaluate probability of hybridisation between different populations and also hybrid viability, detecting early signs and mechanisms of speciation processes. (lu.se)
  • MW) chemicals interact with host cells and molecules and In our daily life, we are confronted with a plethora of natural influence biologic processes such as signal transduction. (cdc.gov)
Objective1
  • The objective of the audit is to assess the effectiveness of the ADF's mechanisms for learning from its military operations and exercises. (anao.gov.au)
Survival1
  • We study e.g. host specificity in glochidia, glochidia growth and survival on different hosts, transferability of glochidia between streams and their fish assemblages (for reintroduction purposes), possible effects of parasites on fish, and habitat composition and suitability for fish and mussels. (lu.se)
Suitable1
  • Many freshwater mussels are threatened or locally extinct, and availability of suitable fish hosts for glochidia is pivotal for recruitment. (lu.se)
Populations1
  • Diseases can significantly impact host populations by promoting a decrease of individual fitness and negatively affecting the ability of seaweeds to defend against herbivores ( 8 ). (asm.org)
Knowledge1
  • Defence needs to be a learning organisation that is adaptable to ensure that it can rapidly identify and investigate issues and disseminate solutions to maintain a knowledge edge to compensate for its small size. (anao.gov.au)
Understanding2
  • Securing your WordPress hosting environment begins with a basic understanding of the potential threats. (dailywebsite.com)
  • Understanding these mechanisms is important for manipulating ChAT's function and its involvement in various diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMF). (lu.se)
Specific1
  • While the mutual relationships between host and microbiome in specific ecological niches have been extensively studied, little is known about the influence of environmental changes on microbiome functions in complex ecosystems. (uni-ulm.de)
Research1
  • Research and choose a hosting plan that aligns with your website's needs and growth trajectory. (dailywebsite.com)
Protects2
  • As the backbone of your online presence, a secure hosting environment safeguards your data and protects your visitors and brand reputation. (dailywebsite.com)
  • Remember, a secure hosting environment protects your data and safeguards your visitors' trust and your brand's reputation in the vast and ever-evolving digital landscape. (dailywebsite.com)
Studies1
  • Although several studies have tried to clarify some of the immune mechanisms involved in periodontal disease, more studies must be conducted to understand its development and progression and consequently to discover new alternatives for the prevention and treatment of this severe inflammatory disease. (bvsalud.org)
Systems1
  • These hosting providers must offer features such as consistent security updates, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems. (dailywebsite.com)
Crucial2
  • Ensuring the security of your WordPress hosting environment is becoming more crucial. (dailywebsite.com)
  • Its functional composition is crucial for the sensitive balance between microbiome and host. (uni-ulm.de)
Important1
  • The gut microbiome of a vertebrate has not only metabolic functions, it is also an important driver of immune defence mechanisms. (uni-ulm.de)
Disease3
  • Deliberate immunosuppression is a necessary part of the bone marrow transplant procedure to prevent graft-versus-host disease and graft rejection. (leukaemia.org.au)
  • Therefore, this review summarizes some immune mechanisms involved in periodontal disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, post-mortem analysis of transplanted tissue revealed accumulation of pathological Lewy bodies in a small subset of transplanted cells over time, revealing a host-to-graft disease propagation. (lu.se)
Protein1
  • Every bacterium hosts inside itself a combination of a toxin (T), usually a protein, and an antitoxin (A), which can be a protein or an RNA molecule. (thehindubusinessline.com)
Complex1
  • The aim of this work is to describe the transcriptomic changes underlying the complex mechanisms of the host response to pneumococcal meningitis in a temporal and spatial context using a well characterized infant rat model. (biomedcentral.com)
Data1
Treatment2
  • A treatment induced reduction in the body's defence mechanisms. (leukaemia.org.au)
  • The DOTS (directly ob- these nutrients may affect the host's defence served treatment, short-course) regimen mechanisms [5,6]. (who.int)
Role1
  • 7 host defence mechanisms also play a vital role [ 1,2 ]. (who.int)
Strategies2
  • Despite the antimicrobial activity of macrophages, Mtb has been able to establish a series of strategies to handle the host immune machinery, interfere with, and arrest the phagosome maturation, counteract mycobactericidal molecules and ultimately survive in a hostile intracellular environment ( 8 - 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This comprehensive guide explores the best practices and up-to-date strategies on how to secure your WordPress hosting environment, emphasising the critical importance of a robust security foundation. (dailywebsite.com)
University1
  • Zinc deficiency also of Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical affects host defence in a variety of ways. (who.int)
Major1
  • Participants in this dialogue ( Appendix ), which includes up to 5 participants from each country, reflected collectively about how to effectively detect and mitigate biosecurity risks, especially those faced in Southeast Asia, and they shared information and exchanged ideas on mechanisms to highlight major biosecurity issues for national leadership. (cdc.gov)