Hormones exclusively produced by adipose tissue. Medical search. Frequent questions

Usually white adipose tissue can be found in two different locations of the body where it is stored: subcutaneous adipose tissue and intra-abdominal adipose tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Subcutaneous adipose tissue is directly underneath the skin, while the intra-abdominal adipose tissue surrounds the organs inside the abdomen such as intestine and kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
Normally, the ectomorphic and mezomorphic types, which do not accumulate large quantities of subcutaneous adipose tissue, will need to practice for a rather short time (20-30 minutes per training in two or three trainings a week, in non-consecutive days). (hasenchat.us)
Our acute awareness of the cosmetic, psychosocial and sexual importance of subcutaneous adipose tissue contrasts dramatically with how poorly we have understood the biology of this massive, enigmatic, often ignored and much-abused skin compartment. (femininebeauty.info)
The increasing insights recently won into subcutaneous adipose tissue as a cytokine depot that regulates innate immunity and cell growth exemplarily serve to illustrate the vast open research expanses that remain to be fully explored in the subcutis. (femininebeauty.info)

Glucagon is now thought to act exclusively on the liver to trigger glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
Fatty acids are taken up by muscle and cardiac tissue as a fuel source, and glycerol is taken up by the liver for gluconeogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we show that IL-4-differentiated, M2-like macrophages secrete IGF1, a hormone previously thought to be exclusively produced from liver. (umn.edu)
Notably, recent studies suggest that the accumulation of sphingolipids, namely ceramides and it's metabolites, play essential roles in the development of insulin resistance in tissues such as skeletal muscle, liver and, adipose tissue in obese rodents, and humans ( 6 - 20 ). (frontiersin.org)
Before this, at the beginning of the training, the energetic support of the aerobic effort is ensured by the muscular and hepatic glycogen, the same as in anaerobic efforts, which are supported exclusively by the glycogen from the muscles and the liver. (hasenchat.us)
It promotes the storage of nutrients as glycogen in liver and muscle, and as triacylglycerols in adipose tissue. (basicmedicalkey.com)
We used a miRNA microarray platform to measure global miRNA expression in two insulin-target tissues: liver and adipose tissue from inbred rats of spontaneously diabetic (Goto-Kakizaki [GK]) and normoglycaemic (Brown-Norway [BN]) strains which are extensively used in genetic studies of T2D. (diabetestalk.net)
The expression of 170 miRNAs was measured in liver and adipose tissue of GK and BN rats. (diabetestalk.net)
alanine-glucose cycle The cycle of transporting pyruvate and nitrogen from the muscle tissues to the liver as the amino acid alanine. (mhmedical.com)
analyses, as well as others (8-11), support the hypothesis that adipose tissue-secreted factors may indeed be potent modulators of inflammation-related disorders such as obe- sity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, thyroid-associated (Graves') ophthalmopathy, breast cancer, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. (123dok.org)
In healthy liver tissue, extracellular matrix is very subtle to minimize diffusion distances. (helmberg.at)
In the endogenous pathway, the liver produces VLDL. (medscape.com)

These actions are mediated by both the actions of a number of nonsecreted proteins and hormones produced in adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
It also stimulates the synthesis of proteins in tissues such as muscle. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Hyperglycemia contributes to glycosylation of proteins and lipids, increases the production of reactive oxygen species, stimulates the synthesis and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins in various tissues, promoting thus inflammation processes in the vascular wall [ 2 , 3 ]. (medsci.org)
Enzyme ImmunoAssay (EIA) is a technique to detect and quantify antigens (proteins, hormones…) or antibodies in samples. (bertin-bioreagent.com)
In effect, a wide range of exported secretory proteins, dubbed adipokines, have been identified as constituents of the adipose proteome (adipokinome). (123dok.org)
Insulin is a hormone that breaks down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, and helps regulate blood sugar levels. (consumerscomment.com)
The breakdown of proteins produces energy and supports overall physical performance. (consumerscomment.com)

White adipose tissue or white fat is one of the two types of adipose tissue found in mammals. (wikipedia.org)
White adipose tissue is composed of monolocular adipocytes. (wikipedia.org)
In humans, the healthy amount of white adipose tissue varies with age, but composes between 6-25% of body weight in adult men and 14-35% in adult women. (wikipedia.org)
White adipose tissue is used for energy storage. (wikipedia.org)
There is actually no evidence at present that glucagon has any effect on lipolysis in white adipose tissue. (wikipedia.org)
The trigger for this process in white adipose tissue is instead now thought to be adrenocorticotropic hormone, adrenaline and noradrenaline[citation needed]. (wikipedia.org)
White adipose tissue also acts as a thermal insulator, helping to maintain body temperature. (wikipedia.org)
The hormone leptin is primarily manufactured in the adipocytes of white adipose tissue which also produces another hormone, asprosin. (wikipedia.org)
White adipose tissue is most abundant in mammals and its distribution greatly varies among different species. (wikipedia.org)
White adipose tissue exists mostly as a single adipocytes in the subcutaneous tissue. (wikipedia.org)
In humans, white adipose tissue starts to develop during early to mid-gestation period. (wikipedia.org)
White adipose tissue consists of white adipocytes, which are the lipid storage cells. (wikipedia.org)
White adipose tissue exists in various depots that may have different types of adipocytes. (wikipedia.org)
This led to various theories to find the adipogenic lineage of the white adipose tissue depots. (wikipedia.org)
Particularly well developed in humans is white adipose tissue (WAT), a major meta- bolic and secretory organ. (123dok.org)

The lactating breast is made up of glandular and adipose tissue supported by a network of connective tissue called Coopers ligaments. (glowm.com)
Scientists have discovered how changes in the connective tissue structure in this top fat layer trigger the formation of cellulite. (lifeextension.com)
These factors adversely affect adipose tissue and the supporting connective tissue. (lifeextension.com)
The causes of cellulite include the stress hormone cortisol, gender differences in fat storage, and metabolism in the top layer of fat and the structure of connective tissue in these areas, as well as fluid leakage from small capillaries in these areas. (lifeextension.com)
connective tissue made of fat cells. (mhmedical.com)

Ablation of IGF1 receptors from myeloid cells reduced phagocytosis, increased macrophages in adipose tissue, elevated adiposity, lowered energy expenditure, and led to insulin resistance in mice fed a high-fat diet. (umn.edu)
In vivo , OBEX reduces weight gain by decreasing adiposity gain and increasing energy expenditure in high fat diet-fed mice through the activation of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) independent of eating behaviors. (nature.com)
Hormones produced by adipose tissue play a critical role in the regulation of energy intake, energy expenditure, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. (diabetesjournals.org)
Adipocytes produce a number of hormones that have wide-ranging effects on energy intake, energy expenditure, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including nutrient partitioning and fuel selection. (diabetesjournals.org)
Predominantly, the 'energy expenditure hormone' leptin is made by adipose cells , and is thus labeled fat cell-specific . (cloudfront.net)

Adipocytes, the key components of the adipose tissue, have unique ability to store excess energy in the form of triglycerides, sense systemic energy demands, and secrete factors (lipids, peptides, cytokines, and adipokines) to regulate other metabolic tissues. (frontiersin.org)
The presence of various types of adipocytes (white, brown, and beige) characterized by the number/size of lipid droplets, mitochondrial density, and thermogenic capacity, further highlights how intricate is the communication of these cell-types with other metabolic tissues to sense nutrients. (frontiersin.org)
A novel serum protein similar to C1q, produced exclusively in adipocytes. (bertin-bioreagent.com)

If you have ever wondered how teenagers and twenty-somethings can party all night and go to work the following day without apparent exhaustion, then you have found the answer here: this age group has extremely high levels of HGH (or human growth hormone) in their bloodstreams that convert to extremely high levels of the peptide IGF-1 (or insulin-like growth factor one at 300 ng/dl) in their livers. (naturalspro.com)
HGH is a peptide produced by the pituitary gland, which is in the center of the brain. (naturalspro.com)
This version used recombinant DNA technology to produce this natural peptide chain. (naturalspro.com)
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), also known as B-type natriuretic peptide, is a hormone secreted by cardiomyocytes in the heart ventricles in response to stretching caused by increased ventricular blood volume. (encyclopedia.pub)
This peptide is about 30-40 times more potent than morphine but less likely to produce drug tolerance and addiction. (peptidesworldwide.com)
Anti obesity peptide that reduces cumulative body weight gain, and decreased the adipose tissue mass. (peptidesworldwide.com)
Adipokines are peptide hormones produced by the adipose tissue involved in several biological functions. (bvsalud.org)
Leucine also increases glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) often referred to as the "satiety hormone. (advancedmolecularlabs.com)

The following public debate carries you from the evolutionary origins and the key functional purposes of adipose tissue, via adipose-derived stem cells and adipokines straight to the neuroendocrine, immunomodulatory and central nervous effects of signals that originate in the subcutis - perhaps, the most underestimated tissue of the human body. (femininebeauty.info)

Adipose tissue plays a crucial role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and lipid/carbohydrate metabolism. (diabetesjournals.org)
Many hormones affect fuel metabolism, including those that regulate appetite as well as those that influence absorption, transport, and oxidation of foodstuffs. (basicmedicalkey.com)
c Somatostatin's effects on metabolism are indirect via suppression of secretion of insulin, glucagon, growth hormone, and thyroid hormone and by effects on gastric acid secretion, gastric emptying time, and pancreatic exocrine secretion (see text). (basicmedicalkey.com)
Fat metabolism is largely governed by the hormone insulin. (drinklmnt.com)
However, some scientific studies suggest there is a relationship between prolactin (a hormone that stimulates the production of breast milk postpartum) and adipose (fat) tissue metabolism, which ultimately leads to weight loss. (mother.ly)

This review will address the biology, actions, and regulation of three adipocyte hormones-leptin, acylation stimulating protein (ASP), and adiponectin-with an emphasis on the most recent literature. (diabetesjournals.org)
Work in our laboratory has primarily focused on the biology and regulation of three key adipocyte hormones: leptin, acylation-stimulating protein, and adiponectin. (diabetesjournals.org)
Leptin (from Greek λεπτός leptos , 'thin' or 'light' or 'small') is a protein hormone predominantly made by adipose cells and its primary role is likely to regulate long-term energy balance . (cloudfront.net)
The amount of circulating leptin correlates with the amount of energy reserves, mainly triglycerides stored in adipose tissue. (cloudfront.net)
The central location of action ( effect ) of the fat cell-specific hormone leptin is the hypothalamus , a part of the brain , which is a part of the central nervous system. (cloudfront.net)
The primary function of the hormone leptin is the regulation of adipose tissue mass through central hypothalamus mediated effects on hunger , food energy use, physical exercise and energy balance . (cloudfront.net)

Accumulation of neutral lipids, such as triglycerides, in key insulin target tissues, has been postulated to inhibit metabolic functions, however, they are less likely to be deleterious. (frontiersin.org)
Rats will be given vanadium, as sodium orthvanadate or vanadyl sulfate, in a liquid diet and a number of insulin-sensitive activities of target tissues measured and compared to control animals. (diabetestalk.net)
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by hyperglycaemia and defects in insulin secretion and action at target tissues. (diabetestalk.net)
We sought to establish differences in global miRNA expression in two insulin-target tissues from inbred rats of spontaneously diabetic and normoglycaemic strains. (diabetestalk.net)
A decrease in the effectiveness of insulin on target tissues consequently leads to a series of irregularities that affect both the biochemistry and physiology of the human body. (heraldopenaccess.us)

There are two types of hormones secreted in the endocrine system: Steroidal (or lipid based) and non-steroidal, (or protein based) hormones. (diabetestalk.net)
They are amino acids that assist with protein absorption, boost Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) levels, and even increase growth hormone levels. (healthcanal.com)
Adiponectin, also referred to as Acrp30, AdipoQ and GBP-28, is an 244 aminoacid protein, which is physiologically active, specifically and highly expressed in adipose cells (adipokine). (bertin-bioreagent.com)

Diabetes mellitus is the collective name of metabolic abnormalities primarily caused by a defect in the secretion of insulin hormone by the pancreatic islets. (heraldopenaccess.us)

ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. (straightanursingstudent.com)

In concert with their phagocytic activity, macrophages are thought to regulate the host immunometabolic responses primarily via their ability to produce specific cytokines and metabolites. (umn.edu)
Thus, it has been shown that early EPCs release cytokines that promote tissue regeneration and neovasculogenesis, whereas late EPC and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) contribute to the formation of blood vessels and stimulate tube formation. (intechopen.com)

The investigation of adipose macrophage phenotype in obese myeloid IGF1R knockout (MIKO) mice revealed a reduction in transcripts associated with M2-like macrophage activation. (umn.edu)

Paradoxically, adipose tissue-expressed adiponectin levels are inversely related to the degree of adiposity. (bertin-bioreagent.com)
Adiponectin has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity and decrease plasma glucose by increasing tissue fat oxidation. (bertin-bioreagent.com)

In obesity the inherent capacity of adipose tissue to store and sense nutrients is compromised, causing spillover of the intermediate lipid metabolites into circulation and resulting in their ectopic deposition in tissues not suitable for lipid storage, a phenomenon known as lipotoxicity. (frontiersin.org)
1 Hormones secreted in response to stress, particularly cortisol, also encourage fat deposition in problem areas. (lifeextension.com)
Most processed food contains highly refined carbohydrates that alter insulin physiology and promote adipose tissue deposition [17,18] . (diabeets.com)

Adipose tissue is a key nutrient-sensing depot that regulates excess energy storage and consumption. (frontiersin.org)

Epinephrine , norepinephrine , cortisol , somatostatin , and growth hormone also have contrainsular activity. (basicmedicalkey.com)

PPAR𝛾2 is expressed exclusively in adipose tissue and plays a pivotal role in adipocyte differentiation. (chewdigest.com)
In addition to local paracrine actions and peripheral endocrine effects mediated through the bloodstream, gut hormones play a pivotal role relaying information on nutritional status to important appetite controlling centres within the central nervous system (CNS), such as the hypothalamus and the brainstem. (hindawi.com)

These hormones, the pathways controlling their production, and their receptors are promising targets for managing obesity, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. (diabetesjournals.org)
In this paper, we focus on the role of gut hormones and their related neuronal networks (the gut-brain axis) in appetite control, and their potentials as novel therapies for obesity. (hindawi.com)

Growth of the glandular tissues occurs in response to hormones such as estrogen, progesterone and prolactin and a range of growth factors. (glowm.com)

Nitric oxide has been shown to enhance brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity and thermogenesis. (advancedmolecularlabs.com)

The endocrine system is a control system of ductless glands that secrete hormones within specific organs. (diabetestalk.net)
Recently, the endocrine activity of adipose tissue cells has been intensively studied. (123dok.org)

Remember that cortisol is a steroid hormone often referred to as the body's "stress hormone. (straightanursingstudent.com)
CRH Stimulation Test: Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) triggers the pituitary gland to secrete ACTH, which is the hormone that causes the pituitary to secrete cortisol. (straightanursingstudent.com)

The visceral adipose tissue is part of the intra-abdominal adipose tissue that surrounds the intestine for the most part. (wikipedia.org)
PYY is an appetite suppressing hormone, which was isolated originally from porcine upper small intestine [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)

It was previously thought that upon release of glucagon from the pancreas, glucagon receptors cause a phosphorylation cascade that activates hormone-sensitive lipase, causing the breakdown of the stored fat to fatty acids, which are exported into the blood and bound to albumin, and glycerol, which is exported into the blood freely. (wikipedia.org)
Once acted on by LPL, which is attached to the luminal side of the capillary endothelium adjacent to muscle and adipose tissue, chylomicrons release TGs as monoglycerides and free fatty acids. (medscape.com)
Adipose tissue uses free fatty acids and monoglycerides to resynthesize TGs that are stored for future energy needs. (medscape.com)

The available data best support the hypothesis that the fetal effects were likely associated with modulation of the thyroid hormones by iodide during development. (cdc.gov)

HGH is released from the pituitary gland or "master gland" because it affects other hormones like a chain reaction. (assaultfitness.com)

Within the areola there are sebaceous glands called Montgomery's tubercles that secrete an oily substance which lubricates the nipple, protects against infection and may play a role in guiding the infant to the breast by producing a scent. (glowm.com)

In this review, we intend to provide a perspective on ceramides and ceramide metabolites in the maintenance of adipose tissue homeostasis and how adipose tissue ceramides contribute to the development of metabolic diseases. (frontiersin.org)

Poorly controlled diabetes can lead to the damage of multiple organs, including the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and cardiovascular system [1] Among the two most common types of diabetes, Type 1 occurs when the insulin producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the immune system and there is usually no cure, while in Type 2 diabetes there is insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency [2]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
These studies have defined advancing age, male sex (or better stated, the absence of protective female hormones), hypertension, dyslipidemias, diabetes, cigarette smoking, and family history as predictors of subsequent cardiac events and angiographically demonstrated coronary artery disease. (medscape.com)
In type-I diabetes, it seems likely that Coxsackie virus infections (in people with a genetic predisposition, in which HLA type plays a major role) trigger an autoimmune disease that gradually (over a year or so) destroys the islet cells which produce insulin. (blogspot.com)

Human growth hormone or HGH is a synergistic agent that contributes to the support and development of lean body mass, muscle recovery and the reduction of the oxidative stress that causes premature aging. (assaultfitness.com)
It's important to consider human growth hormone is naturally produced in healthy adolescences and adults exclusively during bouts of uninterrupted sleep and void of insulin. (assaultfitness.com)
HGH is nothing but a human growth hormone. (gazette-tribune.com)

Glucagon is the major counterregulatory hormone. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Samples of endometrium and ectopic tissues were obtained from patients with or without endometriosis. (endometriosi.it)
Immunohistochemistry was performed on normal, eutopic endometrium and ectopic tissues to analyze CCL17 expression. (endometriosi.it)
The eutopic endometrium had significantly higher expression of CCL17 compared to normal endometrium, and the ectopic tissues had the highest expression. (endometriosi.it)

Upon release of insulin from the pancreas, white adipose cells' insulin receptors cause a dephosphorylation cascade that leads to the inactivation of hormone-sensitive lipase. (wikipedia.org)
Blood Sugar Support Plus primarily works by improving the natural function of the pancreas, which is responsible for producing insulin. (consumerscomment.com)
It digests carbohydrates and is produced by saliva and the pancreas. (consumerscomment.com)

A review examining the role of these three hormones in regulating energy homeostasis and insulin action was published in early 2002. (diabetesjournals.org)
The ability to maintain homeostasis and respond to stimuli is largely due to hormones secreted within the body. (diabetestalk.net)

Another major adipose tissue subtype, brown adipose tissue, is present around kidneys, adrenals, and aorta, as well as within the mediastinum and neck. (123dok.org)

Thyroid hormone also must be classified as an insulin counterregulatory hormone because it increases the rate of fuel consumption and also increases the sensitivity of the target cells to other insulin counterregulatory hormones. (basicmedicalkey.com)

If insulin is present in the bloodstream you cannot produce growth hormone as it blocks the production of HGH. (assaultfitness.com)
Hormones act as "messengers," and are carried by the bloodstream to different cells in the body, which interpret these messages and act on them. (diabetestalk.net)

The purpose of the present review is to summarize the most important aspects of the biology, actions, and regulation of these hormones and to serve as an update of new information published during the past ∼18 months. (diabetesjournals.org)

The intra-abdominal adipose tissues covers the thoracic and abdominal cavity. (wikipedia.org)

We are now part of a world where our fertility, hormone, immune, skin, and postpartum health is ailing. (ancestralsupplements.com)
It's a long-winded tale of "if you exclusively breastfeed your child, you'll be sure to lose your weight by 12 months postpartum. (mother.ly)
For the most part, if you don't have trouble producing breast milk, and you choose to breastfeed or pump, your body will regulate weight loss and eventually return to a desired weight within 1 year postpartum. (mother.ly)

Milk is secreted into the lumen of the alveoli by lactocytes and this is ejected into the milk ducts when the myoepithelial cells contract in response to the action of the hormone oxytocin. (glowm.com)

In adult humans, brown adipose tissue is very scarce and probably not functional. (123dok.org)

Maeda K, Okubo K, Shimomura I, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Matsubara K. cDNA cloning and expression of a novel adipose specific collagen-like factor, apM1 (adipose most abundant gene transcript 1). (bertin-bioreagent.com)

Breast tissue matures during pregnancy, increases considerably in size by 22 weeks' gestation and during the last trimester, fully maturing once lactation is established. (glowm.com)

aldosterone A hormone released by the adrenal gland that helps to maintain normal blood sodium levels by increasing the kidney's reabsorption of sodium and decreasing the amount of sodium lost in sweat. (mhmedical.com)

Surprisingly, cold challenge did not trigger an overt M2-like state and failed to induce tyrosine hydroxylase expression in adipose tissue macrophages of control or MIKO mice. (umn.edu)

PYY is released from the L cells of the distal gut in response to ingested nutrients with two other gut hormones, GLP-1 and OXM. (hindawi.com)
The current edition of the journal Experimental Dermatology is featuring many articles on the functions of subcutaneous (beneath the skin) adipose cells (fat cells). (femininebeauty.info)
Each alveoli is lined with a single layer of lactocytes (milk producing cells) that are surrounded by myoepithelial cells. (glowm.com)
#Akkermansia utilises mucin as a nutritional source and degrades it into SCFA acetate , which acts as a substrate for other beneficial bacteria to produce butyrate, an energy source for the intestinal epithelial cells. (metabiom.org)
#Akkermansia is a symbiont that degrades mucin and encourages cells to produce more mucin. (metabiom.org)

This is the hormone that is responsible for regulating the various hormones that help with fat burning and fat oxidation. (gazette-tribune.com)

The answer lies in the fact that these tumors, but in every way just like those of the deadly cancers that affect internal organs, are not capable of producing metastases, and therefore their malignancy is expressed only locally, with the progressive erosion skin. (torinomedicalproject.com)

The other kind is brown adipose tissue. (wikipedia.org)
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Research has proven the release of Growth hormone (EIGH) during training episodes produce benefits that last hours after the exercise has occurred. (assaultfitness.com)
Exercise induced Growth hormone must be activated by exercise. (assaultfitness.com)
Exercise programming and nutrition should be in alignment with maximizing exercise induced growth hormone. (assaultfitness.com)
Produced in plants, these substances contribute to their growth and increased vitality. (sarmsstore.co.uk)

The Role of PPARs in Cancer - Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. (chewdigest.com)

Other medications, such as anabolic hormones , can provide beneficial effects. (sarmsstore.co.uk)

7 An ultrasound study of lactating breasts has shown that the proportion of glandular to adipose tissue varies greatly among women but has not been linked to women's ability to produce milk. (glowm.com)
Glandular tissue within the breast is arranged in lobules that are made up alveoli (Figure 1). (glowm.com)
But if you're breastfeeding and not losing weight, it could be that are experiencing hypoplasia/insufficient glandular tissue (IGT). (mother.ly)

These actions ensure that glucose will be available to glucose-dependent tissues between meals. (basicmedicalkey.com)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)

The first type of control occurs within minutes to hours of the hormone-receptor interaction and usually results from changes in the catalytic activity or kinetics of key pre-existing enzymes, caused by phosphorylation or dephosphorylation of these enzymes. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Primary adrenal insufficiency occurs when the cortex of the adrenal gland is damaged and, as a result, does not produce adequate hormones. (straightanursingstudent.com)

However, already the distribution of human superficial adipose tissue, by itself, questions how justified the popular belief is that 'skin fat' (which actually may be more diverse than often assumed) serves primarily thermoinsulatory purposes. (femininebeauty.info)

However, the effects of chronic administration on insulin sensitive tissues in vivo is much less well studied. (diabetestalk.net)

Anatomy34

Organisms12

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Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes51

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Subcutaneous adipose tissue5

Liver12

Proteins7

White adipos15

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Adipokines1

Metabolism5

Leptin6

Target tissues5

Protein3

Secretion of insulin1

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