• In Which Part Of Meiosis Does Random Alignment Of Homologous Chromosomes Occur? (styleslicker.com)
  • For example, if the 2 homologous members of chromosome 1 are labeled a and b, then the chromosomes might line up a-b, or b-a. (styleslicker.com)
  • This is essential in determining the genes carried by a gamete, as each will solely obtain one of many two homologous chromosomes. (styleslicker.com)
  • Consider that the homologous chromosomes of a sexually reproducing organism are originally inherited as two separate sets, one from every mother or father. (styleslicker.com)
  • During prophase I, crossing over introduces genetic variation by swapping pieces of homologous chromosomes. (styleslicker.com)
  • In humans, somatic (nongerm) cell nuclei normally have 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In meiosis, the genetic information inherited from a person's mother and father is recombined through crossing over (exchange between homologous chromosomes). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Each gene has a specific location (locus), which is typically the same on each of the 2 homologous chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The prevalence of germline HRD (that is, the total number of pathogenic variants in homologous recombination genes) is higher in tumors from AAs, suggesting that the somatic differences observed have genetic ancestry origins. (nature.com)
  • DNA repair, double strand break repair, and homologous recombination genes are highly correlated with longer maximum lifespan. (foresight.org)
  • We find that lung squamous cell carcinoma tumors from AAs exhibit higher genomic instability-the proportion of non-diploid genome-aggressive molecular features such as chromothripsis and higher homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). (nature.com)
  • MCM8- and MCM9-deficient mice reveal gametogenesis defects and genome instability due to impaired homologous recombination. (nih.gov)
  • A genome-wide association study for Hunner-type interstitial cystitis led to amino acid variants in the class II human leukocyte antigen DQ-beta1 and DP-beta1 chain genes. (genomeweb.com)
  • These findings show that chromothripsis is a major process that drives genome evolution in human cancer. (lu.se)
  • Thus, human considerations bring an added value to genome data, which makes textual description an important source for investigating gene function. (medscape.com)
  • The protein is required for the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway of DNA repair. (wikipedia.org)
  • In human cells, DNA double-strand breaks are repaired primarily by the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. (harvard.edu)
  • Bowhead Whale - Lives for 211 years, 40 ton body mass, and has much better non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair efficiency. (foresight.org)
  • Keeping human cells at 22C for just 2 hours was enough to stimulate better NHEJ. (foresight.org)
  • DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNAPKcs) regulates non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) in DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. (cdc.gov)
  • Homologous recombination was identified in open reading frames for E3 CR1α, CR1ß, and CR1γ, similar to that previously observed with genes encoding the three major structural capsid proteins , the penton base, hexon, and fiber. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, over 80 % of its proteins are homologous to human', says Professor Ruiz. (uco.es)
  • Our studies provide a direct observation of human meiotic recombination products. (nih.gov)
  • These results are consistent with the hypothesis that minimum efficient processing segments, which have been characterized in Escherichia coli, yeast, and cultured mammalian cells, may be required for efficient homologous meiotic recombination in humans. (nih.gov)
  • Recombination between homologous sequences is a fundamentally important process both in meiosis and in mitotic cells. (brandeis.edu)
  • How many homologous chromosome alignments are potential for independent assortment throughout meiosis? (styleslicker.com)
  • The present work reports an hESC reporter line generated by homologous recombination targeting a neural lineage-specific gene, which can be differentiated and sorted to obtain pure neural progenitor populations. (ca.gov)
  • Non-homologous end-joining factor 1 (NHEJ1), also known as Cernunnos or XRCC4-like factor (XLF), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NHEJ1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in primary ovarian insufficiency 10. (nih.gov)
  • We have utilized a lambda Charon 4A human genomic library to isolate recombinant clones harboring a highly conserved c-src locus containing nucleotide sequences homologous to the transforming gene of Rous sarcoma virus (v-src). (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Human c-src sequences homologous to the entire v-src region are present in a 20-kilobase region that contains 11 exons as determined by restriction mapping studies utilizing hybridization to labeled DNA probes representing various subregions of the v-src gene and by preliminary DNA sequencing analyses. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • A considerable degree of similarity exists between the organization of the human c-src gene and that of the corresponding chicken c-src gene with respect to exon size and number. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • At 30 kb proximal to the breakpoint in 4q21.3, we identified an as yet unannotated gene, C4orf12, that lacks an homologous counterpart in rodents and is expressed at a 33-fold higher level in human fibroblasts as compared to chimpanzee. (anthropogeny.org)
  • The human MAGE1 gene directs the expression of an antigen recognized on a melanoma by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes. (unamur.be)
  • It is found in much higher quantities in this whale than in humans and is involved in double strand break repair, stress response, RNA metabolism, circadian gene regulation, and the inflammatory response. (foresight.org)
  • Humans have about 20,000 to 23,000 genes depending on how a gene is defined. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The CGC tool was developed by combining genomic regions in the rat, associated with the autoimmune experimental arthritis phenotype, with rat/human gene homology data, and with descriptions of phenotypic gene effects and selected keywords. (medscape.com)
  • To facilitate this kind of data mining, we have created a tool, the Candidate Gene Capture (CGC) application, that makes keyword-based searches on textual information for genes situated within selected human chromosomal intervals that are homologous to a given rat QTL. (medscape.com)
  • Humans have a homologous enzyme SIRT1, a deacetylase. (selfgrowth.com)
  • Differential heterologous and homologous desensitization of two receptors for ATP (P2y purinoceptors and nucleotide receptors) coexisting on endothelial cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • A synthetic peptide from amino acid region 2-50 of human SEC22B conjugated to blue carrier protein was used as the antigen. (novusbio.com)
  • Two peptide fragments, corresponding to the amino acid residues 106-126 (PrP[Ac-106-126-NH2]) and 106-114 (PrP[Ac-106-114-NH2]) of the human prion protein have been synthesised in the acetylated and amide form at their N- and C-termini, respectively. (cnr.it)
  • The peptide is homologous in rat and mouse. (novusbio.com)
  • a heterologous COVID-19 with VE of a homologous booster following mRNA primary mRNA vaccine is preferred over a homologous (matching) series vaccination (i.e., 3 mRNA doses). (cdc.gov)
  • Binding Structures and Potencies of Oxidosqualene Cyclase Inhibitors with the Homologous Squalene-Hopene Cyclase. (expasy.org)
  • How do analogous structures and homologous structures differ? (answers.com)
  • When the structures are homologous, they have similar functions and have a common ancestry in evolution. (answers.com)
  • Homologous structures are indicative of a common ancestor, while analogous structures are indicative of commonalities in the environment. (answers.com)
  • Are rock wallabies homologous or analogous structures? (answers.com)
  • What Are The Examples Of Homologous Structures? (knowexamples.com)
  • In your school, you might learn various examples of homologous structures in plants and animals. (knowexamples.com)
  • Homologous structures have referred to the two things that have an equivalent role or relationship. (knowexamples.com)
  • This means, despite their outward differences, animals with homologous structures are somehow related. (knowexamples.com)
  • Below are some examples of homologous structures in animals that humans share with other creatures from the animal kingdom and some examples of homologous structures in animals. (knowexamples.com)
  • 8 Examples Of Homologous Structures? (knowexamples.com)
  • There are several examples of homologous structures such as the leg of a cat, an arm of a human, the leaves of a pitcher plant, and a wing of a bird, etc. (knowexamples.com)
  • Below we will discuss more than 3 examples of homologous structures in detail one by one. (knowexamples.com)
  • They are considered homologous structures because they have similar underlying anatomy. (knowexamples.com)
  • The wing of a bird, the wing of a bat, the leg of a frog, and the flipper of a dolphin or whale are homologous structures. (knowexamples.com)
  • And the basic rule of homologous structures is that homologous structures have the same skeletal anatomy but have different purposes. (knowexamples.com)
  • One of the common examples of homologous structures is the wings of a bat and the arms of humans. (knowexamples.com)
  • Other homologous structures to the human arm are the flipper of a whale, the wing of a bird, and the leg of a cat. (knowexamples.com)
  • The size doesn't matter in the homologous structures. (knowexamples.com)
  • These different structures are also homologous to the wings of the bat, the arms of people, and the other animal parts described above. (knowexamples.com)
  • alu family repetitive sequences are present within several human c-src introns. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Researchers in Human Genetics and Genomics Advances report that how researchers describe genomic studies may alienate potential participants. (genomeweb.com)
  • Interpretation: Our results suggest that a homologous or heterologous booster shot for individuals with a complete primary vaccination schedule with CoronaVac provides a high level of protection against Covid-19, including severe disease and death. (ssrn.com)
  • A targeted neuroglial reporter line generated by homologous recombination in human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • This locus represents a highly conserved human c-src locus that is detectable in human cellular DNAs from various sources including placenta, HeLa cells, and WI-38 cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • We developed a calcium signaling-based assay, using cultured human embryonic kidney cells (HEK), that evaluates simultaneously, the activation/desensitization or blockade of the proteinase-activated receptors, PAR 1 and PAR 2 . (aspetjournals.org)
  • To this end, we developed a calcium-signaling assay, employing cultured human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) in which the action of PAR 1 and PAR 2 agonists and antagonists could be evaluated simultaneously. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We are also finding many ways to get old human cells to behave like young ones do. (selfgrowth.com)
  • In particular, the loss of ALKBH6 in human pancreatic cancer cells increases alkylating agent-induced DNA damage and significantly decreases cell survival. (frontiersin.org)
  • Stains human CRTH-2-transfected cells but not parental cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • Tracheal cells are analogous to the cells that form blood vessels in the human body. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Nov. 30, 2023 Scientists have created tiny moving biological robots from human tracheal cells that can encourage the growth of neurons across artificial 'wounds' in the lab. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Overexpressing CIRBP in human cells dramatically improves DNA repair. (foresight.org)
  • First Global Consultation on Regulatory Requirements for Human Cells and Tissues for Transplantation, Ottawa, 29 November to 1December 2004 : report. (who.int)
  • moreover, CYP4F3A mRNA and protein were induced by benzene metabolite phenol in HL-60 and K562 cells as well as ex vivo in human peripheral neutrophils. (cdc.gov)
  • Several possible mechanisms were considered for the induction of human leukemia, such as clastogenic damage to circulatory stem cells. (who.int)
  • Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)
  • This strategy provides a useful tool for visualization and identification of neural progeny derived from human pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)
  • We provide detailed protocols for lentiviral transduction, neural differentiation, and subsequent analysis of human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)
  • Given this, human pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripo- tent stem cells (hiPSCs), have become a unique cell source for study- ing early human brain development. (lu.se)
  • However, current protocols for deriving neurons from human pluripotent stem cells give rise to heterogeneous cell populations both in regard to the temporal aspects and the cellular composition. (lu.se)
  • To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)
  • Although possible, these strategies are often complicated to transfer to human cells due to technical issues (9 ), and only a few successful cases have been described ( 10, 11 ). (lu.se)
  • Here we describe how this system can be used for human embry- onic stem cells. (lu.se)
  • In this study, we targeted Olig2, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that plays an important role in motoneuron and oligodendrocyte development, in human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line BG01 by homologous recombination. (ca.gov)
  • By hybridizing mouse genomic libraries with a MAGE1 probe, we identified three homologous genes. (unamur.be)
  • Homologous recombination (HR) is an essential mechanism for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and damaged replication forks and is associated with genetic disorders, cancer and aging. (muni.cz)
  • vaccine dose and 2 alternative booster dose strategies: 1) a CDC recommends that all persons aged 18 years receive a homologous booster (i.e., 2 Janssen doses) and 2) a heter- single COVID-19 vaccine booster dose 2 months after receipt ologous mRNA booster (i.e., 1 Janssen dose/1 mRNA dose). (cdc.gov)
  • Radical control of malaria likely requires a vaccine that targets both the asymptomatic liver stages and the disease-causing blood stages of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum . (nature.com)
  • However, the development of an efficacious malaria vaccine has turned out to be complicated, partly because of the complex life cycle of the parasite and a long history of co-evolutionary adaptation with the human host. (nature.com)
  • However, the human c-src locus is larger than the corresponding chicken c-src locus, because many human c-src introns are larger than those of chicken c-src. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • In contrast, thrombin receptor-activating peptides derived from the human PAR 1 receptor sequence (e.g. (aspetjournals.org)
  • This "in vivo biochemistry" approach has enabled us to demonstrate that there are in fact several independent, competing pathways of homologous recombination, each with its own genetic requirements. (brandeis.edu)
  • Using a human induced pluripotent stem cell model of NHEJ1 deficiency, it was shown that NHEJ1 has an important role in promoting survival of the primitive hematopoietic progenitors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Asante EA , Linehan JM , Desbruslais M , Joiner S , Gowland I , Wood AL , BSE prions propagate as either variant CJD-like or sporadic CJD-like prion strains in transgenic mice expressing human prion protein. (cdc.gov)
  • Béringue V , Herzog L , Reine F , Le Dur A , Casalone C , Vilotte JL , Transmission of atypical bovine prions to mice transgenic for human prion protein. (cdc.gov)
  • Homologous recombination in E3 genes of human adenovirus species D. (bvsalud.org)
  • A comprehensive genomics and bioinformatics analysis of the E3 transcription unit for 38 viruses within human adenovirus species D (HAdV-D) revealed distinct and surprising patterns of homologous recombination . (bvsalud.org)
  • When trying to determine evolutionary relationship between two species, biologists concentrate on homologous features, as analogous features would be considered useless in this case. (answers.com)
  • For orthologous genes in other vertebrate species, use the same symbol as in human, rat, and mouse, whenever possible. (jax.org)
  • Analyzing species like the bowhead whale and naked molerats reveals specific mechanisms which can be tested in mice and translated into human therapeutics. (foresight.org)
  • CR has been effective in all species in which it has been tried (although the jury is still out on humans). (agemed.org)
  • In much of the rest of the world, including most of Asia, Africa, and Latin America, the dog remains the major species with rabies and the major source of rabies among humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Human TCGA cohort mutation data were derived from the publicly available mSignatureDB database ( http://tardis.cgu.edu.tw/msignaturedb/ ). (nature.com)
  • Human and mouse CRTH-2 share 78% amino acid sequence identity. (rndsystems.com)
  • Hair straightness/curliness is a highly heritable trait amongst human populations. (harvard.edu)
  • Orthologous to human MCM8 (minichromosome maintenance 8 homologous recombination repair factor). (nih.gov)
  • Homologous Recombination: Methods and Protocols , rok: 2021, počet stran: 20 s. (muni.cz)
  • The HNPP (hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies) deletion and CMT1A (Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A) duplication are the reciprocal products of homologous recombination events between misaligned flanking CMT1A-REP repeats on chromosome 17p11. (nih.gov)
  • The origin of bovine spongiform encephalopathy: the human prion disease hypothesis. (cdc.gov)
  • Hamster material produced disease in human volunteers. (cdc.gov)
  • Scientists have discovered a new class of compound that is potentially active against trypanosome parasites that cause human African trypanosomiasis (or sleeping sickness) and Chagas disease. (phys.org)
  • To understand V-ATPase's role in health and disease, the Wilkens lab studies the structure and mechanism of the enzymes from yeast and human. (upstate.edu)
  • Karyotypic differences between humans and chimpanzees include nine pericentric inversions, which may have potentiated the parapatric speciation of hominids and chimpanzees 5-6 million years ago. (anthropogeny.org)
  • The formation of new vessels (from those already existing (angiogenesis) or new ones (neovascularisation) has two implications in human health. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Formaldehyde has been evaluated by IARC to be a known cause of human nasal cancer, based on epidemiological and toxicological evidence. (who.int)
  • In contrast to the profound immunodeficiency phenotype of XLF deletion in humans, deletion of XLF alone has a mild phenotype in mice. (wikipedia.org)
  • Highly pathogenic influenza A virus H5 subtype remains a risk for transmission in humans. (mdpi.com)
  • Two highly homologous members of the ClC chloride channel family in both rat and human kidney. (medlineplus.gov)
  • We have recently conducted a first-in-human clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant, full-length merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1 FL ) formulated with GLA-SE as adjuvant. (nature.com)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: Human MAP4K5 (KHS1), GST Tag Recombinant Protein from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # PV3682. (thermofisher.com)
  • In addition to non-homologous end joining, we detect signatures of replication-associated processes and templated insertions. (lu.se)
  • Report of the Human Fetal Tissue Transplantation Research Panel, December 1988 / consultants to the Advisory Committee to the Director, National Institutes of Health. (who.int)
  • The bats and humans are both mammals, so they share a common ancestry. (knowexamples.com)
  • A 1.7-kb hotspot for homologous recombination was previously identified wherein the relative risk of an exchange event is 50 times higher than in the surrounding 98.7% identical sequence shared by the CMT1A-REPs. To refine the region of exchange further, we designed a PCR strategy to amplify the recombinant CMT1A-REP from HNPP patients as well as the proximal and distal CMT1A-REPs from control individuals. (nih.gov)
  • She is gearing up for a human clinical trial for fucoidan supplementation of chemo recovery patients. (foresight.org)
  • The abilities of the PAR 1 -targeted agents to desensitize or block PAR 1 in the HEK cell assay were compared with their activities in a human platelet aggregation assay. (aspetjournals.org)
  • HDCV is prepared from the Pitman-Moore strain of rabies virus grown in MRC-5 human diploid cell culture and concentrated by ultrafiltration (23). (cdc.gov)
  • Genes within the E3 transcription unit of human adenoviruses modulate host immune responses to infection . (bvsalud.org)
  • Wild animals now constitute the most important potential source of infection for both humans and domestic animals in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • All products derived from such crops containing transgenic DNA should also be immediately withdrawn from sale and from use for human consumption or animal feed. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Therefore, on the basis of the data available at this time, it was not possible to identify a mechanism for the induction of myeloid leukemia in humans. (who.int)
  • Homologous means 'identity' which is used to describe things that have some sort of similarity in some ways. (knowexamples.com)
  • Homologous features of animals are a lot more recent in contrast to evolution, where as analogous dates far back. (answers.com)
  • Homologous features are similar in structure, but perform different functions, such as the human hands and dolphin flippers, which makes room to allow recent evolution comparisons while analogous consists of wings of a bee and a bird, which are completely different. (answers.com)
  • Homologous features are shared characteristics that have been inherited from a common ancestor. (answers.com)