Hiv 1. Medical search. Frequent questions (2)

Health departments report to CDC all confirmed HIV infections diagnosed in their jurisdiction as well as clinical information about each infection, such as the earliest CD4 cell count and if the person has died. (cdc.gov)
The HIV-1 antigen is an earlier tip-off to HIV-1 infection than HIV-1 antibodies by themselves. (medscape.com)
This test helps diagnose HIV infection at an earlier time in outreach settings, allowing individuals to seek medical care sooner," said Karen Midthun, MD, director of the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research in a news release. (medscape.com)
In the early and late stages of HIV-1 infection, however, antibody titers to specific proteins may vary considerably, and the use of different sets of WB criteria may result in an incomparable interpretation (e.g., an interpretation of a WB band pattern classified as reactive using one set of WB interpretive criteria may be indeterminate using another set of criteria). (cdc.gov)
p) To continue to collaborate with research institutions and partners in order to assess the effectiveness of male circumcision in preventing HIV infection. (who.int)
In the case of HIV-1 infection, some peoples pirate flags REALLY piss off their CTLs. (scienceblogs.com)
Antiretroviral therapy cannot cure HIV-1 infection due to the persistence of a small number of latently infected cells harboring replication-competent proviruses. (biomedcentral.com)
HIV-1 infection causes most AIDS cases worldwide, but in West Africa, HIV-2 is also prevalent. (medscape.com)
The natural history of HIV-2 infection tends to be more benign than that of HIV-1, and most patients infected solely with HIV-2 do not progress to AIDS. (medscape.com)
Previous research suggests that HIV-2 infection protects against subsequent HIV-1 infection and, in cases of dual infection, slows the rate of HIV-1 disease progression. (medscape.com)
From 1990 through 2007, all persons employed by the Guinea-Bissau police force were offered enrollment in a prospective study of HIV infection that included blood collection every 12 to 18 months. (medscape.com)
Of the 32 individuals with dual infection, 20 were infected with HIV-2 first, and 12 had concomitant seroreactivity. (medscape.com)
Patients with dual infection had a significantly longer median time to AIDS diagnosis than those infected with HIV-1 only (104 vs. 68 months). (medscape.com)
This study is focused on finding a way to re-educate the body's immune system to better fight HIV infection," says co-senior study author David Margolis of the University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill. (sciencedaily.com)
However, the existing HIV-specific immune response in ART-treated individuals is insufficient to clear persistent infection, even in the presence of latency-reversal agents that induce HIV expression. (sciencedaily.com)
their long-term goal was to use HXTCs as part of a strategy to clear persistent HIV infection. (sciencedaily.com)
Not only could T cells engineered to express the strongly binding T-cell receptor see HIV strains that had escaped detection by natural T cells, but the engineered T cells responded in a much more vigorous fashion so that far fewer T cells were required to control infection," says cosenior author James Riley, Ph.D., research associate professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. (genengnews.com)
Researchers hope to begin clinical trials using the engineered T cells in patients with advanced HIV infection next year. (genengnews.com)
Dutrebis tablet is approved for use in combination with other antiretroviral products for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients greater than or equal to 6 years of age weighing at least 30 kg. (drugs.com)
Following reports of an outbreak of HIV infection among children in Larkana District, Pakistan, an international team investigated the extent and cause of the outbreak between April and June 2019. (who.int)
Investigations indicate that unsafe healthcare practices in formal and informal healthcare settings as the most likely cause of the 2019 outbreak of HIV infection in Larkana, Pakistan. (who.int)
Several outbreaks of HIV infection have previously been reported in Pakistan (10). (who.int)
Daniel Shriner , Yi Liu , David C. Nickle , and James I. Mullins "EVOLUTION OF INTRAHOST HIV-1 GENETIC DIVERSITY DURING CHRONIC INFECTION," Evolution 60(6), 1165-1176, (1 June 2006). (bioone.org)
These findings show that all detectable persistent HIV-1 infection is consistent with maintenance in lymph nodes by clonal proliferation of cells infected before ART and not by ongoing viral replication during ART. (nih.gov)
4-6 Therefore, HIV-1 nucleic acid testing can be more sensitive than standard serologic testing in detection of acute infection. (cepheid.com)
The need for a highly sensitive HIV qualitative test to detect HIV infection early in high risk and vulnerable populations is greater than ever. (cepheid.com)
Should we treat acute HIV infection? (cepheid.com)
Acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. (cepheid.com)
Transient high levels of viremia in patients with primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. (cepheid.com)
High titers of cytopathic virus in plasma of patients with symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection. (cepheid.com)
This post describes the case of a woman who appears to have been naturally cured of her HIV infection. (virology.ws)
The TWiV team covers outbreaks of eastern equine encephalitis virus in the US and poliovirus in the Philippines, and explain how a chemokine induced by HIV-1 infection helps release more virus particles from cells. (virology.ws)
The high prevalence of recurrent malaria, tuberculosis, chronic helminth infections, and water-borne pathogens in developing countries may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection in persons living in such regions [ 1,2 ]. (lww.com)
A team spearheaded by Dr. Markus Helfer and Dr. Ruth Brack-Werner from the Institute of Virology and Dr. Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin from the Analytical BioGeoChemistry research unit (BGC) performed a detailed investigation of the effects of PS extracts on HIV-1 infection of cultured cells. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
They demonstrated that PS extracts protect blood and immune cells from infection by HIV-1, the most widespread type of HIV. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Natural killer cell responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in people living with HIV-1. (harvard.edu)
HIV-1 infection of the CNS has implications for both treatment and cure strategies. (natap.org)
However, all they promise to do is the same thing that current anti HIV-1 drugs can do : stop new infection from occuring. (sciforums.com)
When untreated, HIV infection can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (fda.gov)
The FDA remains committed to helping to make available to Americans more innovative medical products that help us face the challenges of managing HIV infection. (fda.gov)
The Sentosa SQ HIV Genotyping Assay is for use only in patients with HIV-1 who are about to start or already taking antiviral therapy and is not intended for diagnosing infection with HIV. (fda.gov)
Seawead (S. fusiforme) inhibits HIV-1 infection in T cells, primary human macrophages, microglia, and astrocytes. (greenmedinfo.com)
Inhibition of highly productive HIV-1 infection in T cells, primary human macrophages, microglia, and astrocytes by Sargassum fusiforme. (greenmedinfo.com)
To expand our arsenal of therapeutics against HIV-1 infection, we investigated aqueous extract from Sargassum fusiforme (S. fusiforme) for ability to inhibit HIV-1 infection in the periphery, in T cells and human macrophages, and for ability to inhibit in the central nervous system (CNS), in microglia and astrocytes. (greenmedinfo.com)
Infection by pseudotyped HIV-1 (VSV/NL4-3) was also inhibited in a dose dependant manner, although up to 57% less, as compared to inhibition of native NL4-3, indicating post-entry interferences. (greenmedinfo.com)
CONCLUSION: This is the first report demonstrating S. fusiforme to be a potent inhibitor of highly productive HIV-1 infection and replication in T cells, in primary human macrophages, microglia, and astrocytes. (greenmedinfo.com)
Absence of cytotoxicity and high viability of treated cells also suggest that S. fusiforme is a potential source of novel naturally occurring antiretroviral compounds that inhibit HIV-1 infection and replication at more than one site of the virus life cycle. (greenmedinfo.com)
Successful highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of HIV-1 infection is contingent on limiting or avoiding the development of resistance-associated mutations (RAMs). (ajmc.com)
1 The US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the European AIDS Clinical Society recommend initial treatment of HIV-1 infection with once-daily boosted darunavir 800 mg (with ritonavir or cobicistat as additional boosters) combined with 2 nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (N[t]RTIs). (ajmc.com)
Once-daily darunavir dosing is indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in treatment-naïve or treatment-experienced patients, provided they do not have any darunavir RAMs. (ajmc.com)
ISENTRESS is an integrase inhibitor indicated in combination with other antiretroviral (ARV) agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in patients four weeks of age and older. (news-medical.net)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-specific broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are currently under development to treat and prevent HIV-1 infection. (nature.com)
Lack of strong immune selection pressure by the immunodominant, HLA-A 0201-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte response in chronic human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection. (anaspec.com)
Herein, we performed a deep shotgun metagenomics study with the aim to obtain a more precise landscape of gut microbiome dysbiosis in HIV-1 infection. (frontiersin.org)
These findings advance our understanding of human gut microbiome and their potential associations with HIV-1 infection. (frontiersin.org)
We find that frequently arising antibodies that normally fail to control HIV-1 infection can synergize with passively administered bNAbs by preventing the emergence of bNAb viral escape variants. (harvard.edu)
METHODS: ASPIRE (A Study to Prevent Infection with a Ring for Extended Use) is a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial testing the safety and effectiveness of a vaginal ring containing the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor dapivirine for prevention of HIV-1 infection. (rti.org)
Randomization at 6-14 days postpartum was to mART or infant nevirapine (iNVP) prophylaxis continued until 18 months after delivery or breastfeeding cessation, infant HIV-1 infection, or toxicity, whichever occurred first. (medscape.com)
The primary efficacy outcome was confirmed infant HIV-1 infection. (medscape.com)
Efficacy analyses included all randomized mother-infant pairs except those with infant HIV-1 infection at entry. (medscape.com)
Cofactors in HIV-1 infection and AIDS / editor, Ronald Ross Watson. (who.int)
HIV-1 infection in Ethiopia : studies of the infecting virus and the host response / by Seyoum Ayehunie. (who.int)
HIV-1 seroconversion and its aftermath among homosexual men : studies on acquisition of HIV-1 and natural history of HIV-1 infection / Ireneus Paulus Maria Keet. (who.int)
Symptoms related to acute HIV infection (when a person is first infected) can be similar to the flu or other viral illnesses. (medlineplus.gov)
Acute HIV infection (Stage 1) progresses over a few weeks to months to become chronic or asymptomatic HIV infection (Stage 2) (no symptoms). (medlineplus.gov)

HIV-1 protease (PR) is a retroviral aspartyl protease (retropepsin), an enzyme involved with peptide bond hydrolysis in retroviruses, that is essential for the life-cycle of HIV, the retrovirus that causes AIDS. (wikipedia.org)
The Round Table on "Prevention of HIV and AIDS in the African Region" was held on 23 August 2005 under the chairmanship of Dr. Alex Kamugisha, the Honourable Minister of Health of Uganda. (who.int)
gave an overview of the HIV and AIDS situation in Africa. (who.int)
Because their CTLs get so worked up, HIV-1 infected cells are slaughtered, lowering viral loads, thus slowing progression to AIDS. (scienceblogs.com)
Certain MHC I types are associated with better HIV/AIDS prognosis. (scienceblogs.com)
The thoughts are kind of swirling, but let me see if I can sort of make sense out of the question that's formulating in my head here: if this trend continues, is there any reasonable way of estimating how quickly HIV may eventually progress to AIDS? (scienceblogs.com)
In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimated that there were 200 000 persons living with HIV in Pakistan (1), a country with a population of 207 million (2). (who.int)
The Sindh Provincial Department of Health, in coordination with the District Commissioner in Larkana and the Sindh AIDS Control Programme (SACP), began a major campaign to test people for HIV at the Taluka Headquarters Hospital in Ratodero, including the testing of hundreds of children (13). (who.int)
I am Gen X, so I grew up in this time of incredible fear about the dreaded AIDS (back then we didn't talk so much about HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, we just went straight to AIDS). (abovetopsecret.com)
1) WHO HIV/AIDs Key Facts updates 6th July 2020 Accessed July 2020. (cepheid.com)
The limit of detection (LOD) of the HIV-1 Qual test was determined for both WB and DBS procedures by testing two different HIV-1 subtype B reference standards including the Viral Quality Assurance Laboratory (VQA) reference material of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group and the WHO 3rd International Standard NIBSC code 10/152 diluted in HIV-1 negative EDTA WB. (cepheid.com)
IYCN worked with the FMOH, other relevant government ministries, UNICEF, WHO, and the many partners implementing OVC and HIV/AIDS programs in Nigeria with funding from the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) to improve the nutritional status of children less than two years of age and their mothers. (who.int)
At Aarhus University in Denmark, Vincent speaks with Trine Mogensen, SÃ¸ren Paludan, Ole SÃ¸gaard, and Madalina Carter-Timofte about their careers and their work on sensing herpesviral DNA, immunodeficiencies that predispose to severe viral infections, and the path to a cure for HIV/AIDS. (virology.ws)
In the current issue of 'PLOS ONE, scientists from the Helmholtz Zentrum MÃ¼nchen report that these extracts represent a potential new class of anti-HIV-1 agents for the treatment of AIDS. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Without treatment, HIV destroys the immune system and causes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is a life-threatening disease. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
HIV/AIDS is one of the 10 leading causes of death worldwide. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Jonathan Mermin, director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's HIV/AIDS Prevention division, said the proportion of those who did not know whether they were HIV-positive was high for black men. (advocate.com)
In addition, the meeting will include presentations from the two Centers for Innovative HIV/AIDS Vaccine and Cure Research (CIAVCR). (nih.gov)
HIV protease (PR) is identified as an important drug-screening target for the design of selective acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) therapeutics. (eurogentec.com)
All HIVP patients will be treated for opportunistic infections (OI) and receive antiretroviral drugs following the National guidelines on Management and Care of Patients with HIV/AIDS (also if this occurs after the study period). (druglib.com)
Title : 1 in 6 people with HIV don't thow they have it Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, Sexual Transmitted Diseases and Tuberculosis Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. (cdc.gov)
There are two types of HIV, HIV-1 and HIV-2, which can lead to AIDS. (lu.se)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (medlineplus.gov)
If they are not treated, almost all people infected with HIV will develop AIDS (Stage 3). (medlineplus.gov)
People with AIDS have had their immune system damaged by HIV. (medlineplus.gov)
The aim of this literature review is to elucidate what is known about HIV / AIDS and stigma in Sub-Saharan Africa . (bvsalud.org)

National HIV surveillance data are critical for tracking progress against HIV, targeting prevention efforts, and helping people with HIV get into care and treatment to remain healthy and prevent new infections. (cdc.gov)
How many new HIV infections have occurred, both diagnosed and undiagnosed? (cdc.gov)
The new test can tell the difference between acute vs established HIV-1 infections when the blood specimen tests positive for the p24 antigen, but negative for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies. (medscape.com)
Most HIV infections worldwide stem from HIV-1. (medscape.com)
HIV-2 infections occur mostly in West Africa. (medscape.com)
She highlighted the factors accounting for the increasing trends in new infections, the key challenges in addressing the epidemic, and the recommendations of the Brazzaville consultation on HIV prevention. (who.int)
After identifying more pediatric HIV infections, SACP established 5 additional provisional testing facilities at various primary healthcare sites in the district. (who.int)
2 Acute HIV infections typically last less than 14 days 3 and are associated with high levels of viremia prior to a detectable immune response. (cepheid.com)
It is transmitted through direct contact with HIV-infected bodily fluids such as blood, and the majority of HIV infections in the U.S. are from HIV-1. (fda.gov)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus which may lead to a immune systembegins failure and to opportunistic infections. (prospecbio.com)
Sexually transmitted infections were prevalent: 12% had Chlamydia trachomatis, 7% Trichomonas vaginalis, 4% Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and 1% syphilis. (rti.org)
Stigma prevents the delivery of effective social and medical care (including taking antiretroviral therapy ) and also enhances the number of HIV infections . (bvsalud.org)

HIV protease cleaves newly synthesized polyproteins (namely, Gag and Gag-Pol) at nine cleavage sites to create the mature protein components of an HIV virion, the infectious form of a virus outside of the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
Without effective HIV protease, HIV virions remain uninfectious. (wikipedia.org)
Mature HIV protease exists as a 22 kDa homodimer, with each subunit made up of 99 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
As HIV-1 PR can only function as a dimer, the mature protease contains two Asp25 amino acids, one from each monomer, that act in conjunction with each other as the catalytic residues. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, HIV protease has two molecular "flaps" which move a distance of up to 7 Å when the enzyme becomes associated with a substrate. (wikipedia.org)
Auto-processing of HIV-1 PR is characterized by two sequential steps: (1) the intramolecular cleavage of the N-terminus at the p6pol-protease cleavage site, which serves to finalize PR processing and increase enzymatic activity with the newly formed PR-reverse transcriptase intermediate, and (2) the intermolecular cleavage of the C-terminus at the protease-reverse transcriptase cleavage site, leading to the assembly of two PR subunits into mature dimers. (wikipedia.org)
The HIV-1 protease dimer (green and cyan) with active site Asp-25 in red. (wikipedia.org)
As an aspartic protease, the dimerized HIV-1 PR functions through the aspartyl group complex, in order to perform hydrolysis. (wikipedia.org)
With its integral role in HIV replication, HIV protease has been a prime target for drug therapy. (wikipedia.org)
SensoLyte® 490 HIV Protease Assay Kit Fluorimet. (eurogentec.com)
The SensoLyte® 490 HIV Protease Assay Kit uses an optimized FRET peptide substrate for a continuous measurement of HIV protease activities. (eurogentec.com)
CARD8 Inflammasome Activation by HIV-1 Protease. (bvsalud.org)
The pattern recognition receptor CARD8 is an inflammasome sensor for intracellular HIV-1 protease activity. (bvsalud.org)
The identification of HIV-1 protease as a target for sensing by CARD8 has opened the door for a new method of studying the underlying mechanism of CARD8 inflammasome activation. (bvsalud.org)
Here we describe the methods to study CARD8 sensing of HIV-1 protease activity through non- nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-mediated pyroptosis of HIV-1 -infected immune cells and through an HIV and CARD8 co- transfection model. (bvsalud.org)

The results of our study and the proven safety of PS extracts encourages their testing in HIV-1 infected individuals as next step. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses HIV-1 replication but does not eradicate the virus. (biomedcentral.com)
Integration of viral DNA into the host genome is a central event in the replication cycle and the pathogenesis of retroviruses, including HIV. (biomedcentral.com)
Although antiretroviral therapy is able to suppress HIV replication in infected patients, the virus persists and rebounds when treatment is stopped. (biomedcentral.com)
Antiretroviral therapy that reduces viral replication could limit the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples. (nih.gov)
To investigate the possibility that HIV-1 replication in lymph nodes sustains the reservoir during ART, we looked for evidence of viral replication in 5 donors after up to 13 years of viral suppression. (nih.gov)
These are the same T cell genes inhibited by digoxin, and since replication of integrated HIV-1 requires transcription of nearby genes, this provides an explanation for why wild type HIV-1 is more susceptible to digoxin: digoxin represses the genes that the virus more frequently targets for integration. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Immune activation and induction of HIV-1 replication within. (lww.com)
To determine the impact of Plasmodium falciparum malaria coinfection and its treatment on cellular reservoirs of viral replication in HIV-1-infected persons and to relate this to changes in systemic immune activation. (lww.com)
Acute P. falciparum malaria coinfection impacts virus-host dynamics in HIV-1-infected persons at the cellular level, notably showing a reversible induction of HIV-1 replication in CD14 macrophages that is associated with changes in immune activation. (lww.com)
98%) is thought to be derived from short-lived lymphocytes ordinarily [ 11,12 ], HIV-1 replication within the macrophage reservoir is increased during mycobacterial and Pneumocystis carinii coinfections [ 13-15 ]. (lww.com)
Indeed, antigen-presenting cells are important reservoirs of HIV-1 [ 16,17 ] and induction of HIV-1 replication within these cells may contribute significantly to the cofactor effect of confections on HIV-1 pathogenesis. (lww.com)
Scientists from the Helmholtz Zentrum München demonstrate that root extracts of the medicinal plant Pelargonium sidoides (PS) contain compounds that attack HIV-1 particles and prevent virus replication. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
HIV-1 RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can occasionally be genetically distinct from virus in the blood, indicating that the CNS can serve as a site for independent viral replication. (natap.org)
However, the source of HIV-1 in the CSF from within the CNS is unknown and thus the sites of viral replication, and sites of potential reservoirs, remain to be determined. (natap.org)
Products derived from natural sources have been shown to inhibit HIV-1 replication during various stages of the virus life cycle, and therefore represent a potential source of novel therapeutic agents. (greenmedinfo.com)
This video describes HIV viral replication and where antiretroviral drugs work in the replication process. (cdc.gov)

The primary prevention end point was linked HIV-1 transmission in HIV-1-negative partners. (nih.gov)

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved the first rapid diagnostic test to spot antibodies to both HIV types 1 and 2 as well as the HIV-1 p24 antigen. (medscape.com)
The Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo test, manufactured by Orgenics of Yavne, Israel, can detect HIV antibodies and the HIV-1 p24 antigen in human serum, plasma, and venous or fingerstick whole-blood specimens. (medscape.com)
Although all WB interpretations are based on detecting antibodies against specific viral proteins (Table 3), different organizations have promoted the use of different sets of criteria for interpreting HIV-1 band patterns in the WB test (Table 1). (cdc.gov)
Predicted resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) and associated HIV-1 envelope characteristics among seroconverting adults in Botswana. (harvard.edu)
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunological activity of dual-combinations and triple-combinations of anti-HIV monoclonal antibodies PGT121, PGDM1400, 10-1074, and VRC07-523LS administered intravenously to HIV-uninfected adults: a phase 1 randomised trial. (harvard.edu)
Several bNAbs have been tested to date in HIV-1-infected individuals, including the CD4-binding, site-specific antibodies VRC01, 3BNC117, VRC07-523LS and N6-LS, the V3-glycan-specific antibody 10-1074 and the V2-apex-specific antibodies PGDM1400 and CAP256-VRC26.25 (refs. (nature.com)
Antibody-mediated immunotherapy is effective in humanized mice when combinations of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are used that target nonoverlapping sites on the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope. (harvard.edu)
We are analyzing cells and antibodies from HIV-1 and/or HIV-2 infected individuals. (lu.se)

HIV Surveillance Supplemental Report 2019;24(No. 1). (cdc.gov)
Between 25 April and 27 June 2019, a total of 30 191 persons were tested for HIV in Larkana District, and 876 of them tested positive. (who.int)
In April 2019, the media reported that several children without known risk factors were diagnosed with HIV in the Ratodero Taluka Subdistrict in Larkana District (12). (who.int)
The World Health Organization estimated that 38 million people worldwide were living with HIV at the end of 2019. (cepheid.com)

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) will host the sixth biennial Strategies for an HIV Cure meeting on October 12-13, 2023. (nih.gov)

Archived rilpivirine-associated resistance mutations among ART-naive and virologically suppressed people living with HIV-1 subtype C in Botswana: implications for cabotegravir/rilpivirine use. (harvard.edu)

1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
In his introductory remarks, the Chairperson recalled the consultation on HIV prevention convened by the Regional Director in Brazzaville, Congo, in June 2005 and the recommendations of the Programme Subcommittee to accelerate HIV prevention efforts in the African region. (who.int)
a) What specific actions can ministers of health take to re-invigorate HIV prevention in order to bring a sense of urgency? (who.int)
b) What concrete actions can ministers of health take to ensure that HIV prevention interventions targeting the youth and other vulnerable groups are expanded? (who.int)
Page 2 (c) What practical steps should the ministers of health take to promote greater involvement of the communities, CBOs, NGOS, FBOS, and PLWHA in HIV prevention efforts? (who.int)
The project also supported a quality improvement approach to strengthen nutrition assessment, counseling, and support (NACS) services at prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and orphans and vulnerable children service sites in the FCT. (who.int)
However, according to a recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization, the percentage of people living with HIV around the world that have resistance to some HIV drugs has increased from 11% to 29% since 2001. (fda.gov)
INTRODUCTION: Women in sub-Saharan Africa are a priority population for evaluation of new biomedical HIV-1 prevention strategies. (rti.org)
Studies of alternative strategies that contribute (next to antiretrovirals) to the control and prevention of HIV pandemic are equally important and urgently needed. (druglib.com)
Don't reinvent the wheel another HIV prevention professional already created. (cdc.gov)

When viral HIV-RNA enters the cell, it is accompanied by a reverse transcriptase, an integrase, and a mature HIV-1 PR. (wikipedia.org)
Vincent and Erling resume their discussion of virology Nobel Prizes, focusing on awards for research on tumor viruses, bacteriophages, virus structure, reverse transcriptase, hepatitis B virus, HIV-1, human papillomaviruses and much more. (virology.ws)

The public face of HIV is well-known: HIV is a sexually transmitted virus that particularly preys on gay men, African Americans, drug users, and just about all of Africa, although we re all at risk. (whale.to)
RESULTS: Between August 2012 and June 2014, 5516 women were screened and 2629 HIV-1 seronegative women between 18-45 years of age were enrolled from 15 research sites in Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. (rti.org)
The need to design these strategies is critical given the high incidence of malaria and HIV in countries in Sub Saharan Africa such as Zambia and its serious impact on survival and the socio-economic situation. (druglib.com)
Evidence on the distribution of pre-treatment HIV-1 drug resistance (HIVDR) among risk groups is limited in Africa. (lu.se)

PGT121 is a monoclonal antibody isolated in 2011 from an African donor infected with HIV-1 subtype A, whose sera had demonstrated superior neutralization breadth and potency in an observational cohort, and so was considered an 'elite neutralizer' 9 . (nature.com)

H ologic 's CE-marked Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx assay has been awarded the World Health Organi-zation prequalification for in vitro diagnostics, which allows global health organizations to consider this test for public sector procurement in resource-limited countries. (aacc.org)
This assay is the first HIV-1 viral load assay intended for both HIV diagnosis and treatment monitoring, and it detects and quantitates RNA from a broad set of HIV-1 groups and subtypes. (aacc.org)
The Sentosa SQ HIV Genotyping Assay is the first HIV drug resistance assay that uses NGS technology that the FDA has authorized for marketing in the U.S. (fda.gov)
The Sentosa SQ HIV-1 Genotyping Assay detects HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in patients taking or about to start antiviral therapy. (fda.gov)
This assay detects mutations in genes of the HIV-1 virus from a sample of a patient's blood using NGS. (fda.gov)
The FDA reviewed data from performance studies, which demonstrated a greater than 95% sensitivity and specificity in detecting 342 HIV drug resistant mutations and determined the Sentosa SQ HIV-1 Genotyping Assay provides a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness for its intended use. (fda.gov)
The FDA reviewed data for the Sentosa SQ HIV Genotyping Assay through the de novo premarket review pathway, a regulatory pathway for devices of a new type. (fda.gov)
Die vorliegende Studie demonstriert Präzision und Spezifität des Cobas Core Anti-HIV-l/HIV-2 DAGS®, ein Anti-HIV-Assay der dritten Generation. (karger.com)
1557 gefro-rene und 1654 frische Seren von Blutspendern wurden verglei-chend mit dem Cobas Core Anti-HIV-l/HIV-2 EIA DAGS® (Roche Diagnostic Systems, Basel, Schweiz) und dem Abbott Recombinant HIV-l/HIV-2 3rd Generation EIA (Abbott GmbH Diagnostika, Wiesbaden, Deutschland) als Referenz-assay untersucht. (karger.com)

We determined the structure and arrangement of MA within immature and mature HIV-1 through cryo-electron tomography. (rcsb.org)
Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a tubular HIV-1 capsid-protein assembly at 8 Å resolution and the three-dimensional structure of a native HIV-1 core by cryo-electron tomography. (nature.com)

Do we know for sure that HIV-1 binds to the receptor site of either CCR5 or CXCR4, or is it a random length along the peptide (although it obviously has to be outside the cell)? (sciforums.com)
Inhibition was mediated against both CXCR4 (X4) and CCR5 (R5)-tropic HIV-1, was dose dependant and long lasting, did not inhibit cell growth or viability, was not toxic to cells, and was comparable to inhibition by the nucleoside analogue 2', 3'-didoxycytidine (ddC). (greenmedinfo.com)

PS extracts attack HIV-1 with a mode-of-action that is different from all anti-HIV-1 drugs in clinical use. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

Compared with controls, the detectable proportion of HIV-1 particles derived from CD14 macrophages and CD26 lymphocytes was increased in persons with acute malaria coinfection and correlated with markedly increased plasma concentrations of both proinflammatory cytokines and soluble markers of macrophage and lymphocyte activation. (lww.com)
Having a sexual partner with HIV who is not taking HIV medicines or who has a detectable viral load. (medlineplus.gov)

HIV Surveillance Supplemental Report 2022;27(No. 1):[inclusive page numbers]. (cdc.gov)

Efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in transgender women: a secondary analysis of the HPTN 083 trial. (harvard.edu)
Both mART and iNVP prophylaxis strategies were safe and associated with very low breastfeeding HIV-1 transmission and high infant HIV-1-free survival at 24 months. (medscape.com)
or (2) providing daily single-drug antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis to the breastfeeding infant, maintaining prophylactic infant ARV blood levels throughout the period of HIV-1 transmission risk. (medscape.com)

In order for this precursor to become a functional protein, each monomer must associate with another HIV-1 PR monomer to form a functional catalytic active site by each contributing the Asp25 of their respective catalytic triads. (wikipedia.org)
Gag, the primary structural protein of HIV-1, is recruited to the plasma membrane for virus assembly by its matrix (MA) domain. (rcsb.org)
Approaches using pharmacological HIV-latency-reversal agents to induce latent virus to express viral protein could make this reservoir vulnerable to T cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Cryo-EM structural data have been deposited in the EMDataBank under accession codesEMD-5582 andEMD-5639, and the MDFF atomic model of the CA HOH and models of HIV-1 capsid have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession numbers 3J34 , 3J3Q , 3J3Y . (nature.com)
Structure of the amino-terminal core domain of the HIV-1 capsid protein. (nature.com)
Crystal structure of dimeric HIV-1 capsid protein. (nature.com)
Structure of the HIV-1 full-length capsid protein in a conformationally trapped unassembled state induced by small-molecule binding. (nature.com)
In a structural rearrangement catalyzed by the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein (NCp7) and suggested to be associated with maturation of the budded viral particle, DIS converts from a kissing dimmer to an extended duplex. (nist.gov)

The journals that review HIV tests, drugs and patients, as well as the instructional material from medical schools, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and HIV test manufacturers will agree with the public perception in the large print. (whale.to)

The study , published online in NEJM on September 1, 2022, showed that pregnant people who took dolutegravir-based regimens had a high probability of being virally suppressed at delivery. (harvard.edu)

Our data suggest that proteolytic maturation of HIV-1 not only assembles the viral capsid surrounding the genome but also repurposes the membrane-bound MA lattice for an entry or postentry function and results in the partial removal of up to 2500 lipids from the viral membrane. (rcsb.org)
Our results reveal a novel role for base protonation in modulating RNA structure and suggest a mechanism for regulating NCp7 catalyzed maturation of HIV-1 genomic RNA. (nist.gov)

In Bangui, the rate of isolation of pure cultures of K. pneumoniae from the stools of immunocompromised HIV-infected adults with chronic diarrhea is increasing. (cdc.gov)
The role of K. pneumoniae in HIV-infected adults is not well documented. (cdc.gov)
ONCEMRK is assessing a once-daily investigational formulation of ISENTRESS ® (raltegravir), known as reformulated raltegravir, as part of combination HIV therapy for treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected adults. (news-medical.net)
The primary endpoints were safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and antiviral activity in viremic HIV-infected adults not on ART. (nature.com)
Malaria chemoprophylaxis with mefloquine in asymptomatic HIV-infected adults living in a malaria endemic region of Luanshya, Zambia will be compared to a placebo control group and followed up for 18 months. (druglib.com)

It is present at the surface of some CD4+ T cells as well as macrophages, both targets of HIV-1. (sciforums.com)
HIV primarily infects vital cells in the human immune system such as helper T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells), macrophages and dendritic cells. (prospecbio.com)

Alterations in gp120 glycans or the gp41 fusion peptide-proximal region modulate the stability of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein pretriggered conformation. (harvard.edu)
To investigate at which point of the virus life cycle this inhibition occurs, we infected T cells and CD4-negative primary human astrocytes with HIV-1 pseudotyped with envelope glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which bypasses the HIV receptor requirements. (greenmedinfo.com)

Moreover, the strong associations between certain HLA class molecules, such as HLA-B*57, HLA-B*27 and HLA-B*51, and slow disease progression may decline as the epidemic continues, particularly where these HLA alleles are highly prevalent, and where HIV transmission rates are high. (scienceblogs.com)
Patients infected with both viruses had slower disease progression than those infected with HIV-1 only. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, their HIV-1 viruses exhibited significantly less genetic diversity over time, which also suggests an attenuating effect of HIV-2 on HIV-1 disease progression. (medscape.com)
In particular, the question should be answered if malaria control has an impact on the disease progression of HIV. (druglib.com)

There was also no decrease in the size of the latent reservoir, most likely because of the absence of therapies such as latency-reversal agents, which are designed to perturb the reservoir and induce recognizable expression of HIV proteins that trigger immune responses. (sciencedaily.com)
The problem of latent HIV integrated in cells is still the same. (sciforums.com)
Additionally, triggering the CARD8 inflammasome offers a promising strategy for reducing HIV-1 latent reservoirs . (bvsalud.org)

The reason for the difference in pathogenesis between HIV-1 and HIV-2 is not yet clear. (lu.se)
Taken together, in addition to basic knowledge on HIV pathogenesis, we anticipate that our studies may contribute to optimized treatment and provide clues to how an effective HIV vaccine should work. (lu.se)

In the future, a critical question will be whether HXTC therapy in combination with latency-reversal agents can deplete the HIV reservoir to an extent that is measurable by current gold-standard assays of HIV latency. (sciencedaily.com)
Immunomagnetic HIV-1 capture analysis was used to determine the cellular origin of cell-free virus particles present in all 30 plasma samples and indices of immune activation were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. (lww.com)

Inadequate structural constraint on Fab approach rather than paratope elicitation limits HIV-1 MPER vaccine utility. (harvard.edu)

Recent years have seen a substantial increase in the number of tools available to monitor and study HIV reservoirs. (biomedcentral.com)

Cell-associated (CA) HIV RNA has received much attention in recent years as a surrogate measure of the efficiency of HIV latency reversion and because it may provide an estimate of the viral reservoir size. (biomedcentral.com)
The results may have implications for HIV-1 latency, in which integrated HIV-1 remains dormant in the human genome before being reactivated at a later point. (medicalnewstoday.com)

CDC estimates that 38,700 people ages 13 and over were newly infected with HIV in the U.S. during 2016. (cdc.gov)
CDC estimates that 1,140,400 people ages 13 years and older were living with HIV (both diagnosed and undiagnosed) in the U.S. at the end of 2016. (cdc.gov)
According to the CDC, there were more than 1 million Americans living with HIV in 2016. (fda.gov)

Viruses that are spread through coughing/poop have some luxuries HIV-1 doesnt-- HIV-1 wants a happy medium. (scienceblogs.com)

The early initiation of antiretroviral therapy reduced rates of sexual transmission of HIV-1 and clinical events, indicating both personal and public health benefits from such therapy. (nih.gov)
Preliminary results from a phase I clinical trial have demonstrated the safety and tolerability of a cell therapy involving the ex vivo expansion of T cells and their subsequent infusion into HIV-infected individuals previously treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). (sciencedaily.com)
Lathouwers E, Wong EY, Luo D, Seyedkazemi S, De Meyer S, Brown K. HIV-1 resistance rarely observed in patients using darunavir once-daily regimens across clinical studies. (ajmc.com)
1 Lathouwers and colleagues sought to analyze the outcomes from 7 phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials that investigated darunavir 800-mg once-daily-containing HAART regimens to determine the observed rates of post-baseline resistance in patients with HIV-1. (ajmc.com)
ISENTRESS has been a significant component of first-line HIV-1 treatment for more than six years, as a twice-daily component of antiretroviral therapy,' said Jürgen Rockstroh, M.D., University of Bonn, Bonn-Venusberg, Germany, a clinical investigator on this study. (news-medical.net)
We remain dedicated to investigating new applications for ISENTRESS and to further expanding our knowledge of this HIV-1 treatment,' said Peter Sklar, M.D., M.P.H., director, Clinical Research, Merck Research Laboratories. (news-medical.net)
This might be on the use of antiretroviral drugs, the incidence of clinical (eventually severe) malaria and spread of antimalarial resistance through immune compromised HIV patients (with and without antimalarial treatment). (druglib.com)
In the Antepartum Component of a large randomized multicountry clinical trial, Promoting Maternal Infant Survival Everywhere (PROMISE), we showed that maternal antiretroviral therapy (mART) during pregnancy and intrapartum can reduce perinatal HIV-1 transmission to ~0.5% in Sub-Saharan African settings. (medscape.com)

Given that census population sizes of HIV-1 within individuals are much greater than the inverse mutation rate, every possible single point mutation in the viral genome occurs each generation. (bioone.org)
This discrepancy between the known mutation rate of HIV-1 and the average level of genetic variation in the env gene observed in vivo is reflected in comparisons of the actual numbers of productively infected cells, estimated as 10 7 , and the effective population size, estimated as 10 3 . (bioone.org)
BACKGROUND: The high rate of HIV-1 mutation and increasing resistance to currently available antiretroviral (ART) therapies highlight the need for new antiviral agents. (greenmedinfo.com)

CDC reports that 38,281 people received an HIV diagnosis in the U.S. (all 50 states and D.C.) during 2017. (cdc.gov)

However, some CD4+ T cells express another chemokine receptor, CXCR4 (which can also serve as a coreceptor for HIV-1). (sciforums.com)

CDC uses incidence data to monitor trends in HIV transmission, both overall and in key populations. (cdc.gov)
To investigate the incidence of HIV among children in Larkana District, Pakistan and describe the distribution of cases by time, place and person. (who.int)

Before we can combine this approach with treatments meant to bring HIV out from hiding so the improved immune response can clear it from the body, we need to first establish that this immunotherapy approach is safe on its own," says co-senior study author Catherine Bollard of the Children's National Health System. (sciencedaily.com)
When evaluating participants in aggregate, the research team found no overall enhancement of the magnitude of the HIV-specific immune response. (sciencedaily.com)

A group of researchers report engineering killer T cells so that they recognize HIV-1 strains. (genengnews.com)

They separated T-cell receptor encoding genes that attach more strongly to HIV-1, says Nature Medicine article. (genengnews.com)
The scientists gave killer T cells a new version of the natural T-cell receptor and also isolated a group of T-cell receptor encoding genes that bind to HIV-1 about 450-fold more strongly. (genengnews.com)

Within HIV-1 RT the peptide appears to be the dominant HLA A*0201-restricted epitope. (anaspec.com)

HIV-1 forms a reservoir that persists despite prolonged therapy and is considered the main barrier to an HIV cure. (biomedcentral.com)
The identification of the most appropriate marker to measure reservoir size has been a great challenge for the HIV field. (biomedcentral.com)
Characterizing HIV genetic diversity and evolution during antiretroviral therapy (ART) provides insights into the mechanisms that maintain the viral reservoir during ART. (biomedcentral.com)
Immune Modulation of HIV-1 Reservoir Size in Early-Treated Neonates. (harvard.edu)

American Red Cross (ARC) and Consortium for Retrovirus Serology Standardization (CRSS)) have recommended for antibody testing to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that duplicate repeat reactive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) screening results be confirmed by a supplemental test (1-6). (cdc.gov)
Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV )-1 may have evolved to integrate its genetic material into certain immune-cell-activating genes in humans, according to new research published in PLOS Pathogens . (medicalnewstoday.com)
HIV-1 integrates its own genome into the genome of human immune system cells known as CD4+ T cells, hijacking their cellular machinery to make more copies of itself. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Previous research has shown that HIV-1 integrates more frequently into human genes that are transcribed into RNA (the first step in gene expression), but the biological significance of this targeting has been unclear. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Extracts of the geranium plant Pelargonium sidoides inactivate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and prevent the virus from invading human cells. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the dimerization initiation site (DIS) is the sequence primarily responsible for initiating the non-covalent linkage of two homologous strands of genomic RNA during viral assembly. (nist.gov)
Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authorized marketing of a test to detect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Type-1 drug resistance mutations using next generation sequencing (NGS) technology. (fda.gov)

The Gag-Pol polyprotein, which contains premature coding proteins, including HIV-1 PR. (wikipedia.org)
The viral DNA can either remain dormant in the nucleus or be transcribed into mRNA and translated by the host cell into the Gag-Pol polyprotein, which would then be cleaved into individual functional proteins (including a newly synthesized HIV-1 PR) by the mature HIV-1 PR. (wikipedia.org)

Being able to accurately measure HIV persistence in ART-treated individuals is necessary for monitoring the response to ART, as well as the effectiveness of curative interventions aimed at HIV remission. (biomedcentral.com)
IYCN provided technical assistance to the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), the Federal Ministry of Women's Affairs and Social Development, and other partners to review, update, and disseminate nutrition policies and guidelines, train health care workers in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and its surrounding area councils, and enhance behavior change interventions targeting HIV-positive mothers and HIV-exposed children. (who.int)

How many people have received an HIV diagnosis? (cdc.gov)
the lower the CD4 cell count at diagnosis, the longer the person has been infected with HIV. (cdc.gov)
Earlier diagnosis may also help to reduce additional HIV transmission. (medscape.com)
Xpert HIV-1 Qual is a qualitative test that provides on-demand molecular testing for early diagnosis. (cepheid.com)
Plasma samples were obtained from HIV-1-infected individuals (n = 10) at diagnosis of acute malaria, 4 weeks after parasite clearance and from HIV-infected aparasitemic controls (n = 10). (lww.com)

Dolutegravir, a more recently approved antiretroviral drug, is part of a once-a-day regimen that has been shown to be more effective, easier to tolerate, and less likely to create new drug resistance in people with HIV-1 compared with other antiretroviral drugs. (harvard.edu)

A game changer for patients living with HIV, ART has turned what was once a death sentence into a chronically managed disease. (sciencedaily.com)
The ability to rationally select treatments for patients about to start or already taking antiviral therapy provides another tool in our ongoing fight against HIV" said Peter Marks, M.D., Ph.D., director of the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. (fda.gov)
The right combination of antivirals can lower viral loads, or the amount of virus in the blood stream, and help keep patients with HIV healthy for many years. (fda.gov)
Today's authorization can help health care providers better tailor drug treatment for patients who are beginning antiviral therapy and also for those who have developed resistance to HIV drugs by helping to identify mutations in the HIV-1 virus that can impact the effectiveness of certain drugs. (fda.gov)
The current standard of care for patients with HIV-1 is antiretroviral therapy, also known as ART, the daily use of a combination of drugs to treat HIV by suppressing the virus. (fda.gov)
According to the National Institutes of Health, it is a lifesaving treatment that can let patients with HIV lead long and healthy lives but it is not a cure. (fda.gov)
1 The adult populations in these 7 studies comprise both treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients. (ajmc.com)
1 Three of the studies-ARTEMIS, GS-US-216-0130, and ODIN—were pivotal phase 3 trials conducted in treatment-naïve patients (ARTEMIS), treatment-experienced patients (ODIN), or both treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients (GS-US-216-0130) and ranged from 48 weeks to 192 weeks in duration. (ajmc.com)
Introduction: The disruption of neurocognitive functioning is a frequent complication in HIV-positive patients. (bvsalud.org)
Objectives: We proposed to study the verbal communication skills in a group of HIV-1 infected patients, by applying the Protocolo MEC. (bvsalud.org)
Results: The results demonstrate that some of the skills evaluated by the different MEC Protocol tests are more vulnerable in HIV-1 patients. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusion: The detection of communication deficit in HIV-1 patients would be the starting point for the identification of disorders and the admission of the patients to health care system. (bvsalud.org)

The secondary endpoints were changes in anti-PGT121 antibody titers and CD4 + T-cell count, and development of HIV-1 sequence variations associated with PGT121 resistance. (nature.com)

HIV-1 GAG Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain, encoded by the HIV gag gene, HXB2 (790-2292) and having a molecular mass of 55.0kDa. (prospecbio.com)
Incubation of the recombinant HIV-1 PR with this substrate results in specific cleavage and a time-dependent increase in fluorescence intensity that is linearly related to the extent of substrate hydrolysis. (eurogentec.com)

Persistence of intact HIV-1 proviruses in the brain during antiretroviral therapy. (harvard.edu)

Parasite clearance following treatment with antimalarial drugs resulted in decreased detection of HIV-1 particles derived from the CD14 macrophage cell subset and correlated with a marked diminution in systemic immune activation. (lww.com)
In this cohort of 5 untreated people with HAD, the burden of HIV- infected cells varied across different regions of the brain, ranging from below the limit of detection to over 100,000 copies per million cells. (natap.org)

For example, these data can help identify the areas and populations with the greatest need for HIV care and treatment services. (cdc.gov)
CDC uses prevalence data to capture the overall impact of HIV and to measure the total number of people who need access to HIV treatment and care services. (cdc.gov)
The new test will enable HIV testing to expand to regions without traditional healthcare facilities and speed up treatment, according to the agency. (medscape.com)
Initial data collected by SACP from HIV treatment centres showed that 94% of mothers of HIV-positive children were HIV negative, suggesting that the primary mode of transmission was not perinatal. (who.int)
Testing and treatment of HIV-positive mothers has helped lower the number of babies getting HIV. (medlineplus.gov)

HIV-1 infects cells of the immune system called CD4 + T cells,' the authors further explain. (medicalnewstoday.com)

This thematic series in Retrovirology contains a collection of review articles that describe traditional and novel methods of quantitation of HIV persistence in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)

Drugs like AZT and Nevirapine, which are supposed to stop the spread of HIV, especially in pregnant women. (whale.to)
Boston, MA- Dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapies (ART) for HIV-1 are more effective for pregnant people than some other ART regimens commonly used in the U.S. and Europe, according to a study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health researchers. (harvard.edu)

Anatomy7

Organisms6

Diseases25

Chemicals and Drugs40

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment48

Psychiatry and Psychology35

Phenomena and Processes15

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena17

Humanities2

Information Science8

Named Groups15

Health Care72

Geographicals34

Infection65

AIDS26

Infections12

Protease15

Testing in HIV-1 infected1

Replication16

Linked HIV-1 transmission1

Antibodies8

20194

20231

Living with HIV-1 subtype1

Prevention10

Reverse transcriptase2

Africa4

Subtype1

Assay9

Cryo-electron t2

CCR52

Anti-HIV-1 drugs1

Detectable2

Surveillance Supplemental Report1

Prophylaxis3

Protein8

Centers1

20221

Maturation2

Adults5

Macrophages2

Envelope glycoprotein2

Disease progression4

Latent3

Pathogenesis2

Assays2

Vaccine1

Reservoirs1

Latency2

20163

Viruses1

Clinical8

Mutation3

20171

CXCR41

Incidence2

Immune response2

Strains1

Receptor2

Peptide1

Reservoir4

Human7

Proteins2

Interventions2

Diagnosis5

Drug resistance1

Patients12

Resistance1

Recombinant2

Proviruses1

Detection2

Treatment5

Infects1

Methods1

Pregnant2