Histone acetylation and transcription. Medical search. Frequent questions

Histone deacetylases as targets for dietary cancer preventive agents: lessons learned with butyrate, diallyl disulfide, and sulforaphane. (oregonstate.edu)
One key modification is histone acetylation of the N-terminal tail and this is regulated by histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). (horizondiscovery.com)
Histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases catalyze acetylation and deacetylation. (jove.com)
This process is reversed by a class of enzymes known as histone deacetylases (HDACs). (scienceblogs.com)
INTRODUCTION: Postnatal cardiomyocytes respond to stress signals by hypertrophic growth and fetal gene reprogramming, which involves epigenetic remodeling mediated by histone methyltransferase polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). (bvsalud.org)

Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are enzymes that acetylate conserved lysine amino acids on histone proteins by transferring an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to form ε-N-acetyllysine. (wikipedia.org)
Histone acetyltransferases can also acetylate non-histone proteins, such as nuclear receptors and other transcription factors to facilitate gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. (jove.com)
Histone acetylation is mediated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) that leads to chromatin decondensation (accessible chromatin) and transcription activation. (wjgnet.com)
It is a potent inhibitor of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) p300 (IC 50 =7µM) and PCAF (IC 50 =5µM) both in vitro and in vivo . (enzolifesciences.com)
Additionally, BRDs contain several catalytic domains that enable them to act as methyltransferases, ATP-dependent re-modellers or histone acetyltransferases and helicases ( 8 ) Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins are a family of transcriptional mediators that regulate gene expression ( 8 , 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
A family of histone acetyltransferases that is structurally-related to CREB-BINDING PROTEIN and to E1A-ASSOCIATED P300 PROTEIN. (bvsalud.org)

Here, we summarize the different types of epigenetic enzymes which target corresponding protein domains, emphasize DNA methylation , histone modifications, and microRNA-mediated cooperation with epigenetic modification, and highlight recent achievements in developing targets for epigenetic inhibitor therapy. (frontiersin.org)
HDACs are enzymes which reverse the acetylation of histones, resulting in tightening of the chromatin (heterochromatin) and decreases in gene transcription. (horizondiscovery.com)
During remodeling, the histones are modified by specific enzymes, and entire nucleosomes relocate, altering gene expression. (jove.com)
therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (jove.com)
The recent identification of enzymes that regulate histone acetylation has revealed a broader use of this modification than was suspected previously. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Generally chromatin-remodeling proteins histone chaperones and histone acetylation enzymes are believed to do something synergistically to stimulate transcription on chromatin web templates (26). (exposed-skin-care.net)
Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors increases the acetylation of lysine residues on histone proteins by inhibiting the activity of HDAC enzymes. (pharmiweb.com)

Active transcription of the photoreceptor genes requires both "de-repression" and activation mechanisms. (arvojournals.org)
De-repression" often involves activator-dependent chromatin modifications, such as the acetylation of histones, which "opens" chromatin structure, allowing activators and the transcriptional machinery to access their target genes. (arvojournals.org)
The purpose of this study was to examine the temporal patterns of Crx binding and histone H3 acetylation on selected photoreceptor gene chromatin during development, and to compare these patterns with the timing of transcriptional initiation of these target genes. (arvojournals.org)
Based on these findings and our previous data, the binding of Crx to the regulatory regions of its target genes is likely to trigger histone acetylation and de-repression. (arvojournals.org)
DNA is wrapped around histones, and, by transferring an acetyl group to the histones, genes can be turned on and off. (wikipedia.org)
The regulation of transcription of histone genes differs between eukaryotes. (news-medical.net)
The replication independent histone genes are transcribed at a relatively constant low rate, regardless of cell cycle stage. (news-medical.net)
However, most of the vertebrate histone genes are replication dependent and are therefore more highly expressed during the cell cycle's S phase. (news-medical.net)
Given that the replication dependent histone genes all activate upon entry into the S phase, it is speculated that there exists some further upstream regulatory element. (news-medical.net)
This mechanism is hypothesized to transduce a shared signal that activates the transcription of histone genes when the G1/S phase boundary is reached. (news-medical.net)
Therefore, NPAT could be the link between cell cycle machinery and shared heightened transcription of histone genes during S phase. (news-medical.net)
Binding of TFIIIC to sine elements controls the relocation of activity-dependent neuronal genes to transcription factories. (nih.gov)
Histone deacetylase inhibition induces the accumulation of hyperacetylated nucleosome core histones in most regions of chromatin but affects the expression of only a small subset of genes, leading to transcriptional activation of some genes, but repression of an equal or larger number of other genes. (turningtooneanother.net)
Thus, acetylation of histones is known to increase the expression of genes through transcription activation. (turningtooneanother.net)
Although pausing has been connected to extremely rapid and synchronous activation of genes, pausing is also highly associated with constitutively expressed genes that encode signalling and transcription factors. (nature.com)
Distinct signals that act through diverse targeted transcription factors can regulate different steps in the transcription pathway and provide a highly modulated transcriptional response at individual genes. (nature.com)
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors may be useful for cancer prevention and therapy by virtue of their ability to 'reactivate' the expression of epigenetically silenced genes, including those involved in differentiation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. (oregonstate.edu)
Epi-", a Greek term meaning "above" or "on top of," in the term epigenetics , refers to modifications that do not change the DNA sequence itself but can turn genes on or off, affecting how transcription factors read genes. (prohealth.com)
Methylation generally serves to suppress gene transcription, meaning that genes with methyl tags are less likely to be expressed. (prohealth.com)
KAT11 and H3K56 acetylation appear to correlate with actively transcribed genes and associate with the elongating form of Pol II in yeast (PMID:17046836). (embl.de)
Methylation strengthens the interaction between histones and DNA, suppressing transcription of genes involved in differentiation. (jove.com)
In contrast, histone demethylases remove methyl groups to activate genes involved in pluripotency. (jove.com)
Processes that are considered to be epigenetic encompass DNA methylation (in which the cell silences specific genes by attaching methyl groups to bases that make up the DNA sequence) and wrapping the primary DNA sequence around protein complexes into nucleosomes , which are made up of proteins called histones . (scienceblogs.com)
In my own field of cancer HDAC inhibitors are a hot area of research as "targeted" therapies, although I must admit that I have a hard time figuring out how a drug that can affect the expressions of hundreds of genes by deacetylating their histones can be considered to be tightly "targeted. (scienceblogs.com)

RT-PCR was also performed to examine target gene transcription. (arvojournals.org)
A cyclin E-CDK2 substrate called NPAT has been found to be associated with histone gene clusters, and cyclin E-CDK2 bolsters activation of histone gene transcription by NPAT. (news-medical.net)
HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) selectively alter gene transcription, in part, by chromatin remodeling and by changes in the structure of proteins in transcription factor complexes (Gui et al. (turningtooneanother.net)
Alternatively, it can also attract proteins that block gene transcription. (prohealth.com)
Acetylation is a type of epigenetic marker of chromatin and results in the condensed chromatin "relaxing" and in this state it is known as euchromatin, this allows greater access to the DNA for proteins such as transcription factors and results in greater levels of gene transcription. (horizondiscovery.com)
Thus, the bromodomain is functionally linked to the HAT activity of co-activators in the regulation of gene transcription. (embl-heidelberg.de)
One of Chakravarti's major research interests is to determine the mechanisms of steroid hormone and vitamin signaling with special emphasis on the role of the nuclear hormone receptor co-regulatory proteins in gene transcription. (northwestern.edu)
The end result is that the "tightness" of the condensed (more tightly packed) histone-DNA complex relaxes into a state associated with greater levels of gene transcription. (scienceblogs.com)

The acetyl groups added by type B HATs to the histones are removed by HDACs once they enter the nucleus and are incorporated into chromatin. (wikipedia.org)
HDACs can act as transcription repressors, due to histone deacetylation, and consequently promote chromatin condensation. (turningtooneanother.net)

This review discusses the role of aberrant histone acetylation in tumorigenesis and describes the potential for cancer chemoprevention and therapy with a particular emphasis on dietary HDAC inhibitors. (oregonstate.edu)
Imbalance of histone acetylation is a common aspect of many disorders and HDAC inhibitors are of interest for treatment of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders. (horizondiscovery.com)
Global Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors Market is Ex. (pharmiweb.com)
The global histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors market is expected to grow from USD 97.54 million in 2018 to USD 162.76 million by 2026 at a CAGR of 7.11% during the forecast period 2019-2026. (pharmiweb.com)
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are important epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression and transcription. (pharmiweb.com)
Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are anti-cancer compounds that helps the body's own immune cells to recognize and attack tumour cells. (pharmiweb.com)
Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors induce cancer cell cycle arrest, differentiation and cell death, reduce angiogenesis and modulate immune response. (pharmiweb.com)
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are used in psychiatry and neurology as mood stabilizers and anti-epileptics. (pharmiweb.com)
This has increased demand for histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors that inhibit the actions of HDAC enzyme. (pharmiweb.com)
The global histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors market is analysed on the basis of five regions namely North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, and Middle East and Africa. (pharmiweb.com)
North America region dominated the global histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors market with a market share of 38.59% in 2018. (pharmiweb.com)
Early adoption of innovative therapeutics, presence of sophisticated healthcare infrastructure, high R&D spending capacity, and rapid technological advancements are the factors that led to the growth of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors market in North America region. (pharmiweb.com)
The companies are adopting the strategies such as product innovations, mergers & acquisitions, recent developments, joint venture, collaborations, and partnership to maintain their presence in the global histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors market. (pharmiweb.com)

Methylation of histones does not usually change as much as phosphorylation does. (news-medical.net)
Acetylation: a regulatory modification to rival phosphorylation? (embl-heidelberg.de)
So, is acetylation a modification analogous to phosphorylation? (embl-heidelberg.de)
This review sets out what we know about the broader substrate specificity and regulation of acetyl- ases and goes on to compare acetylation with the process of phosphorylation. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Our knowledge of the role of histone phosphorylation as an epigenomic regulator of physiology is limited. (northwestern.edu)
Using biochemical, molecular and cellular analyses, we demonstrated that histone H3 serine 10 phosphorylation functions as a module that promotes release of key cellular proteins such as SRp20, and heterochromatin protein HP1. (northwestern.edu)
We also identified a WD repeat protein WDR5, which is a key subunit of the MLL/Set1 histone methyltransferase complex, as a transducer of histone H3 threonine 11 phosphorylation in prostate cancer cells. (northwestern.edu)
These studies will promote future investigations on the role of histone phosphorylation in other human cancers. (northwestern.edu)
Histones undergo a variety of modifications including acetylation, phosphorylation and methylation, which in turn affect the level of packaging. (wayne.edu)

Research has emerged, since, to show that lysine acetylation and other posttranslational modifications of histones generate binding sites for specific protein-protein interaction domains, such as the acetyllysine-binding bromodomain[citation needed]. (wikipedia.org)
Recent achievements highlight the accelerated development of epigenetics, such as the definition of a human DNA methylome at single-nucleotide resolution, the various discoveries of histone variants and modifications, the study of the CpG island in the genome, and the progress of genome-wide nucleosome positioning maps ( Baldi, 2019 ). (frontiersin.org)
Two key mechanisms in this context are methylation and acetylation, both of which involve modifications to the DNA molecule or to the histone proteins around which DNA is wound. (prohealth.com)
A: Schematic of DNA methylation and histone modifications in neural stem cells (NSCs). (wjgnet.com)
Epigenetic modifications of the histone proteins, such as acetylation or methylation, affect how tightly the DNA is packed around the histones and thus how accessible the DNA sequence is. (lu.se)

They contain a bromodomain, which helps them recognize and bind to acetylated lysine residues on histone substrates. (wikipedia.org)

Histone methylation and acetylation were measured by Western blot. (bvsalud.org)

In general, histone acetylation leads to chromatin remodeling and a de-repression of transcription. (oregonstate.edu)

Overall, our data show that post-transcriptional modification of histones, particularly H3K27 trimethylation, leads to the structural and functional maturation of Paneth cells during postnatal development. (researchsquare.com)
This study was designed to utilize next-generation sequencing technology, combined with ChIP (Chromatin Immunoprecipitation) technology, to comprehensively, quantitatively and cost-effectively analyze histone modification (acetylation) and to map protein target sites in the bovine genome that are responsive to modulation by VFAs. (usda.gov)
we analyzed histone modification (acetylation) induced by butyrate and the large-scale mapping of the epigenomic landscape of normal histone H3 and acetylated histone H3K9 and H3K27. (usda.gov)
A de novo search for H3, acetyl-H3K9 and acetyl-H3K27 binding motifs indicated that histone modification (acetylation) at various locations changes the histone H3 binding preferences. (usda.gov)
Epigenetic changes mainly take place through chemical modification of DNA (DNA methylation) and histones, the proteins around which the DNA helix winds itself. (lu.se)
As well as DNA methylation, there are also other epigenetic mechanisms such as modification of histone proteins. (lu.se)

Type B HATs are located in the cytoplasm and are responsible for acetylating newly synthesized histones prior to their assembly into nucleosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Chromatin is composed of nucleosomes-structures consisting of DNA wound around histone proteins. (jove.com)

The main difference between acetylation and methylation is that acetylation introduces an acetyl group to a chemical compound as a functional group whereas methylation introduces a methyl group to a chemical compound. (turningtooneanother.net)
On the other hand, histone acetylation involves the addition of an acetyl group (CH3CO) to the histone proteins around which DNA is wound. (prohealth.com)
When an acetyl group is added to a histone (histone acetylation), it reduces the positive charge of the histones, decreasing their interaction with the negatively charged DNA. (prohealth.com)

Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. (cancerindex.org)

Perturbation of normal histone acetylation status can result in undesirable phenotypic changes, including developmental disorders and cancer. (oregonstate.edu)

Acetylation of ε-amino group of lysine residue on H3 and H4 histone tail can neutralize positive charge on histone protein and reducing its electrostatic interaction with negatively charged DNA, thus weakening the interaction of the nucleosome with the DNA backbone (Figure 1). (turningtooneanother.net)
They further link to the activation of protein kinase C- (PKC-) induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 6 , 7 ], which further mediates the activation of downstream transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κ B). Thus, the main treatments of DN refer to modulate glycemic and blood pressure through insulin and RAS inhibitors. (hindawi.com)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the histone deacetylase/acuc/apha family. (cancerindex.org)
The protein encoded by this gene has sequence homology to members of the histone deacetylase family. (caslab.com)
This family contains the fungal KAT11 protein (previously known as RTT109) which is required for H3K56 acetylation. (embl.de)
The CBP (CREB-binding protein) is a histone acetyltransferase and transcriptional coactivator that regulates RNA polymerase II transcription. (novusbio.com)
In addition to histone acetylation, CBP also acetylates various transcription factors, including the tumor suppressor protein p53, to enhance sequence-specific DNA binding. (novusbio.com)
Acetylation regulates many diverse functions, including DNA recognition, protein-protein interaction and protein stability. (embl-heidelberg.de)
BRDs can act as scaffolds that enable the recruitment of large protein complexes or they can act as transcription factors themselves. (frontiersin.org)
The protein structure that surrounds the DNA, chromatin, largely comprises histone proteins and can be open or closed and thus allow or prevent factors binding to the DNA. (lu.se)

Gcn5, p300/CBP, and TAFII250 are some examples of type A HATs that cooperate with activators to enhance transcription. (wikipedia.org)
Potent histone acetyltransferase p300 and PCAF inhibitor (IC 50 values are 7 and 5 μM for p300 and PCAF respectively). (abcam.com)
This family also incorporates the p300/CBP histone acetyltransferase domain which has different catalytic properties and cofactor regulation to KAT11 (PMID:18568037). (embl.de)
Fungal Rtt109 histone acetyltransferase is an unexpected structural homolog ofmetazoan p300/CBP. (embl.de)
Acetylation of histone H4 by p300 was more sensitive to inhibition by garcinol compared with that of H3. (enzolifesciences.com)

We reported previously (2004 ARVO, Abstract 2253) that the homeodomain transcription factor Crx is required for the acetylation of histone H3 on photoreceptor gene chromatin by recruiting co-activator complexes containing histone acetyl-transferases (HATs). (arvojournals.org)
Type A HATs are located in the nucleus and are involved in the regulation of gene expression through acetylation of nucleosomal histones in the context of chromatin. (wikipedia.org)
These HATs are generally characterized by the presence of a bromodomain, and they are found to acetylate lysine residues on histones H2B, H3, and H4. (wikipedia.org)

When it was first discovered, it was thought that acetylation of lysine neutralizes the positive charge normally present, thus reducing affinity between histone and (negatively charged) DNA, which renders DNA more accessible to transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
Acetylation removes a positive charge on the histones, thereby decreasing its ability to interact with negatively charged phosphate groups elsewhere on the histones. (scienceblogs.com)

We are currently investigating how the SIN3 histone deacetylase complex functions to repress transcription at the epigenetic level. (wayne.edu)

CBP has significant histone acetyltransferase activity and "opens" the chromatin structure so that transcription factors can enter and regulate gene expression. (medscape.com)

The main mammalian histone subtypes ( H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 ) and the linker H1 are located in different gene clusters. (news-medical.net)
Trichostatin A (TSA) is a Streptomyces metabolite, which specifically inhibits mammalian histone deacetylase at a nanomolar concentration and causes accumulation of highly acetylated histone molecules in mammalian cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Strongly inhibits chromatin transcription and induces apoptosis. (abcam.com)

It is responsible for most of the cytoplasmic HAT activity in yeast, and it binds strongly to histone H4 by virtue of its association with an additional subunit, Hat2. (wikipedia.org)
In this respect HBO1 (a MYST family members histone acetyltransferase that binds to ORC) originally determined through its physical connections with individual ORC1 (27) was lately discovered to associate with replication roots through relationship with Cdt1 also to enhance licensing and DNA replication through its acetylation activity GSK 525762A (28-30). (exposed-skin-care.net)

Trichostatin A induces cell differentiation, cell cycle arrest, reversal of transformed cells morphology, and apoptosis and is able to modulate transcription. (sigmaaldrich.com)

What happens when you inhibit histone deacetylase? (turningtooneanother.net)

Rtt109 does not show sequence conservation with other knownHATs and depends on association with either of two histone chaperones, Asf1 orVps75, for HAT activity. (embl.de)

Histone methylation reactions are catalyzed by histone methyltransferases (HMTs) and the reverse process is mediated by histone demethylases (HDMs). (wjgnet.com)

Inhibits histone acetylation in vivo . (abcam.com)
For that reason, trichostatin A is a tool to study the consequences of histone acetylation in vivo . (sigmaaldrich.com)

DNA is compressed through interactions with histones and methyl groups (M) are added to cytosine-guanine (CpGs) dinucleotides in regulatory regions. (wjgnet.com)

Here, we review recent insights into the biogenesis of eRNAs and the mechanisms underlying their multifaceted functions and consider how these findings could inform future investigations into enhancer transcription and eRNA function. (nature.com)
Rev-Erbs repress macrophage gene expression by inhibiting enhancer-directed transcription. (nature.com)

In chromosomes, DNA is wrapped around proteins called histones. (news-medical.net)

In general, histone acetylation is linked to transcriptional activation and associated with euchromatin. (wikipedia.org)
Euchromatin, which is less densely compact, allows transcription factors to bind more easily to regulatory sites on DNA, causing transcriptional activation. (wikipedia.org)

Retinas of C57/BL6 mice at various developmental ages, from E16.5 to P7, were examined using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with antibodies against photoreceptor transcription factors (Crx, Nrl, and Nr2e3), acetylated histone H3 (AcH3) and an active form of RNA polymerase II (Pol II). (arvojournals.org)
Predicted to be involved in 5S class rRNA transcription by RNA polymerase III and transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III promoter. (nih.gov)
Recent years have witnessed a sea change in our understanding of transcription regulation: whereas traditional models focused solely on the events that brought RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to a gene promoter to initiate RNA synthesis, emerging evidence points to the pausing of Pol II during early elongation as a widespread regulatory mechanism in higher eukaryotes. (nature.com)

These histones are crucial for efficient packaging of DNA, as well as the replication and segregation of chromosomes themselves. (news-medical.net)
Due to their affiliation with DNA, histones are important for successful cell replication, which takes place via the cell cycle. (news-medical.net)
Each histone subtype has several copies of the same gene to allow for the large demand placed during DNA replication. (news-medical.net)
Histones can be classified as replication dependent or replication independent, which is decided by their expression pattern during the cell cycle. (news-medical.net)
Rtt109 acetylates histone H3 lysine 56 and functions in DNA replication. (embl.de)
Selecting catalytic ATPase subunits coupled with various other complicated elements defines the function of the complexes in a variety of nuclear occasions including transcription DNA replication and DNA fix. (exposed-skin-care.net)

In general, histone acetylation increases gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
The amount of histone mRNA increases approximately 25 to 30 times during the S phase. (news-medical.net)
For example, when the variant H2AZ is incorporated into the nucleosome it increases the accessibility of DNA to specific transcription factors and promotes the conversion of somatic cells to iPS cells. (jove.com)

Structure and ligand of a histone acetyltransferase bromodomain. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The nature of the recognition of acetyl-lysine by the P/CAF bromodomain is similar to that of acetyl-CoA by histone acetyltransferase. (embl-heidelberg.de)

The morphological and functional maturation of Paneth cells occurred in the first 2 weeks and was accompanied by histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) trimethylation. (researchsquare.com)
To determine the location of histone H3, acetyl-H3K9 and acetyl-H3K27 binding sites within the bovine genome, we analyzed the H3, acetyl-H3K9 and acetyl-H3K27 enriched binding regions in the proximal promoter within 5 Kb upstream or at the 5'untranslated region (UTR) from the transcriptional start site (TSS), exon, intron and intergenic regions (defined as regions 25 Kb upstream or 10 Kb downstream from the TSS). (usda.gov)
The analysis indicated that the distribution of histone H3, acetyl-H3K9 and acetyl-H3K27 correlated with transcription activity induced by butyrate. (usda.gov)

The transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) rs7903146, together with several human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants, were among the domains with the most dramatic changes of H3K9ac enrichments. (lu.se)
Histone variants can replace the major histone proteins, leading to chromatin remodeling. (jove.com)

The activity of transcription factor IIIC1 is impaired during differentiation of F9 cells. (nih.gov)

It has histone deacetylase activity and represses transcription when tethered to a promoter. (cancerindex.org)
and they are associated with altered histone acetylation and transcription factor (nerve growth factor-induced clone A [NGFIA]) binding to the glucocorticoid receptor promoter. (deepdyve.com)
Transcription factors bind alongside the promoter and set off the gene expression. (lu.se)

pRB functions as a negative regulatory transcription factor during the G1 to S phase cell cycle transition. (medscape.com)

It generally decreases during M phase, however, some with active promoters can maintain acetylation. (news-medical.net)

Histone acetylation is required in many cellular processes including transcription, DNA repair, and chromatin assembly. (embl.de)
Data from these studies will help to elucidate the contribution of histone acetylation to signaling cascades that impact cellular decisions critical for proliferation, development and viability. (wayne.edu)
Hypoxia changes the cellular redox state and activates class III histone deacetylase sirtuin1 (SIRT1). (molvis.org)

The epigenomic landscape modified by butyrate-induced histone acetylation and reported here is a crucial starting-point for an in-depth evaluation of the mechanisms involved in bovine rumen epithelial epigenomic regulation. (usda.gov)
We are currently determining genome-wide epigenomic and transcription factor signatures that define uterine fibrosis. (northwestern.edu)

FOXQ1 recruits the MLL complex to activate transcription of EMT and promote breast cancer metastasis. (wayne.edu)

Five-vertebrate ChIP-seq reveals the evolutionary dynamics of transcription factor binding. (nature.com)
Part of transcription factor TFIIIC complex. (nih.gov)
Human transcription factor IIIC box B binding subunit. (nih.gov)
Purification and characterization of two forms of human transcription factor IIIC. (nih.gov)
It may participate in the regulation of transcription through its binding with the zinc-finger transcription factor YY1. (cancerindex.org)
Indeed, aberrant histone acetylation may be an etiological factor in several, if not all, types of cancer. (oregonstate.edu)
transit amplyfing progenitors (TAP) or type C cells (green) express the achaete-scute homolog 1 (ASCL1) transcription factor and give rise to type A cells (red) that migrate through the rostral migratory stream (rms). (wjgnet.com)
2007). It has been suggested that the intestinal transcription factor Blimp-1 is a critical driver of the postnatal epithelial phenotype, whose expression loss in the third postnatal week is a likely requirement for the maturation of the neonatal epithelium to adult epithelium (Harper, et al. (researchsquare.com)
p53 is a transcription factor whose expression is increased by DNA damage and blocks cell division at the G1 phase of the cell cycle to allow DNA repair. (medscape.com)

The ISWI-type nucleosome-remodeling aspect SNF2H and Williams symptoms transcription aspect (WSTF) were determined previously as book individual Cdt1-binding proteins (12). (exposed-skin-care.net)

To illustrate the importance of this concept, we study transcriptional cascades consisting of two inducible synthetic transcription factors connected in series. (researchgate.net)

Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. (cancerindex.org)

Acetylation of histones on the cone and rod gene promoters and enhancers does not occur until after birth. (arvojournals.org)

Acetylases are now known to modify a variety of proteins, including transcription factors, nuclear import factors and alpha-tubulin. (embl-heidelberg.de)

In yeast, transcription is regulated by the same elements, whereas in mammals, there are different cis -acting DNA elements and other factors regulating transcription. (news-medical.net)

Anatomy21

Organisms12

Chemicals and Drugs121

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Phenomena and Processes83

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Deacetylases5

Acetyltransferases7

Enzymes7

Genes24

Gene Transcription8

HDACs2

HDAC13

Phosphorylation9

Modifications5

Lysine residues on histone1

Methylation and acetylation1

Leads to chromatin1

Modification6

Nucleosomes2

Acetyl group3

Deacetylation1

Normal histone1

Protein10

P3005

HATs3

Negatively charged2

Deacetylase complex1

Acetyltransferase activity1

Mammalian histone2

Induces apoptosis1

Binds2

Apoptosis1

Inhibit1

Chaperones1

Demethylases1

Vivo2

Methyl groups1

Enhancer2

Proteins called1

Transcriptional activation2

Polymerase3

Replication6

Increases3

Bromodomain2

H3K273

Variants2

Differentiation1

Promoter3

Regulatory1

Decreases1

Cellular3

Epigenomic2

Activate1

Factor9

Nucleosome1

Cascades1

Developmental1

Promoters1

Nuclear1

Yeast1