AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and Processes
HistamineReceptors, Histamine H1Receptors, Histamine H2PermeabilityHistamine ReleaseReceptors, HistamineHistamine AntagonistsCapillary PermeabilityHistamine AgonistsCell Membrane PermeabilityHistamine H1 AntagonistsReceptors, Histamine H3Histamine H2 AntagonistsHistamine N-MethyltransferasePyrilamineMethylhistaminesDimapritHistidine DecarboxylaseHistamine H3 AntagonistsHistamine AgentsCimetidineChlorpheniramineDiphenhydramineMetiamidep-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamineMast CellsGuinea PigsBasophilsThioureaTight JunctionsBlood-Brain BarrierImpromidineMannitolEvans BlueAnaphylaxisLactuloseDose-Response Relationship, DrugMitochondrial Membrane Transport ProteinsDentin PermeabilityBurimamideCells, CulturedChoroidal NeovascularizationBruch MembraneChoroidFluorescein AngiographyMacular DegenerationRetinal NeovascularizationPigment Epithelium of Eye
CapillaryReceptorsSecondary to increased vascular permeabilityMast cellContractionProstaglandinsSecretionBradykininMicrovascular permeabilityRole of histamineEffect of histamineGranulesReceptorVasodilation and increasedBasophilsSynthesisInflammationReleaseVasoconstrictionChemical mediatorsEndothelial cellsCalorPhospholipaseUrticariaCoronarySubstancesTissuesNasal lavageInhibitionAllergenAmino acid histidineInhibitorPressuresVenulesSymptomsBloodSignificantlyOedemaCommonlyImmune systemAirway
Capillary6
Receptors14
  • There was little change in airflow measurements, which could reflect a non-specific effect of histamine mediated via airway irritant receptors. (soton.ac.uk)
  • The pathophysiologic effects of histamine in anaphylaxis have been shown to be mediated through H1 and H2 receptors, individually and in combination. (nih.gov)
  • H1 receptors mediate coronary artery vasoconstriction, wheezing, cutaneous vascular permeability, and possibly an increase in pulse rate. (nih.gov)
  • H1 and H2 receptors in combination seem to be most potent in mediating flush, headache, increases in pulse pressure, and decreases in diastolic blood pressure. (nih.gov)
  • The inflammatory process in asthma involves the increased expression of various pro-inflammatory chemokines, cytokines, growth factors, lipid mediators, adhesion molecules, enzymes, and receptors for the same inflammatory mediators 21 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Histamine, a biogenic vasoactive amine, causes symptoms such as allergies and has a pleiotropic effect that is dependent on its interaction with its four histamine receptors. (hindawi.com)
  • Histamine and its receptors represent a complex system of immunoregulation with distinct effects mediated by four GPCRs (G protein-coupled receptors HRs 1-4) and their differential expression, which changes according to the stage of cell differentiation and microenvironmental influences. (hindawi.com)
  • The pleiotropic effects of histamine are mediated by 4 histamine receptors (HRs), H1R, H2R, H3R, and H4R, which are G protein-coupled receptors. (hindawi.com)
  • This and other effects of histamine are mediated through their interaction with specific receptors, which is in vasodilatation of the post-capillaries venules, besides to bronchi-constriction and increase in the production and flow of bronchial mucus. (vin.com)
  • Histamine targets a range of ''histaminergic'' receptors and its various actions are mediated by histamine receptors H1, H2, H3 and H4. (calpoison.org)
  • These antihistamines compete with the histamine on the cells' receptors and reduce symptoms. (healthanddietblog.com)
  • Histamine is the ligand for 2 membrane-bound receptors, the H1 and H2 receptors, which are present on many cell types. (medscape.com)
  • The activation of the H2 histamine receptors leads to arteriolar and venule vasodilation that contribute to the swelling. (medscape.com)
  • The type I allergic immunoglobulin E (IgE) response is initiated by antigen-mediated IgE immune complexes that bind and cross-link Fc receptors on the surface of mast cells and basophils, thus causing degranulation with histamine release. (medscape.com)
Secondary to increased vascular permeability2
  • An important component of decreased vision is the accumulation of subretinal fluid secondary to increased vascular permeability. (medscape.com)
  • peritoneal fluid accumulation is a common finding in many children with abdominal disorders and its generation secondary to increased vascular permeability. (bvsalud.org)
Mast cell10
  • mast cell and basophil stimulation results in histamine release. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Confocal micrograph of a stimulated mast cell that has just exploded releasing numerous histamine granules. (ucsd.edu)
  • B0002677 Mast cell releasing histamine granules. (ucsd.edu)
  • Is Your Histamine Intolerance Actually Mast Cell Activation Syndrome? (hoffmancentre.com)
  • Histamine is an important but potentially dangerous mast cell mediator and part of the immune system response. (hoffmancentre.com)
  • Mast cell histamine works by increasing the permeability of blood vessels and allowing white blood cells and proteins to access affected tissues more easily. (hoffmancentre.com)
  • Mast Cell Activation Syndrome is often confused for histamine intolerance. (hoffmancentre.com)
  • For a comprehensive guide on Mast Cell Activation Syndrome, you can read my in-depth article , Mast Cell Activation Syndrome and Mast Cell Histamine: When Your Immune System Runs Rampant. (hoffmancentre.com)
  • Additional therapeutic benefits associated with β-adrenergic receptor agonists likely include reduced pulmonary mast cell leukotriene and histamine release, reduced microvascular permeability, phospholipase A 2 inhibition and increased mucociliary activity. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • upon rexposure to the allergen there is cross linking of mast cell (IgE) stimulating dumping of preformed histamine granules. (brainscape.com)
Contraction6
  • Histamine (4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1 H -imidazole, see Scheme 2 ) is a molecule that performs various functions in the body, the most important being the gastric acid secretion and the triggering of the symptoms of an allergic reaction such as vasodilatation, bronchoconstriction, bronchial muscle contraction, pain, and itching. (hindawi.com)
  • It induces the contraction of smooth muscle, increases vascular permeability and causes histamine release from mast cells and basophilic leukocytes. (abcam.com)
  • This occurs during an allergic response leading to smooth muscle contraction and increased permeability of the blood vessels. (ucsd.edu)
  • The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effect of standardized Brazilian propolis extract (P1) on response to histamine cumulative-concentration contraction on guinea pig isolated trachea in vitro, on the oedema induced by histamine in mice, and to evaluate the effect of P1 on ulceration in mice's stomach treated with sodium diclofenac. (scirp.org)
  • These mediators increase mucus secretion and promote vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction. (tocris.com)
  • Hypersensitivity reactions which occur within minutes of exposure to challenging antigen due to the release of histamine which follows the antigen-antibody reaction and causes smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability. (bvsalud.org)
Prostaglandins3
  • MCs can secrete nociceptor sensitizing and activating agents, such as serotonin, prostaglandins, histamine, and proteolytic enzymes that can also activate the pain-mediating transient receptor potential vanilloid channels. (frontiersin.org)
  • Antigen binds to IgE (bound to tissue mast cells and blood basophils), trigger the release of mediators (histamine, chemotactic factors, etc.), and synthesize other mediators (prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, interleukins). (ceufast.com)
  • Antigen binds to IgE that is bound to tissue mast cells and blood basophils, triggering release of preformed mediators (eg, histamine, proteases, chemotactic factors) and synthesis of other mediators (eg, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, cytokines). (msdmanuals.com)
Secretion2
  • Among the antihistaminic effects, it antagonizes the allergic response (vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, increased mucus secretion) of nasal tissue. (nih.gov)
  • When histamine is released, there can be increased gut permeability or leaky gut, increased contractions of the gut or decreased contractions, increased secretion, and increased pain. (healthanddietblog.com)
Bradykinin4
  • Bradykinin causes vasodilatation and increase in the vascular permeability, besides to produce hypotension. (vin.com)
  • Urticaria results from the release of histamine, bradykinin, leukotriene C4, prostaglandin D2, and other vasoactive substances from mast cells and basophils in the dermis. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of the present study as to evaluate the effect of changes in intravascular pressure and the inflammatory mediator bradykinin on rat mesenteric arterial and venous vascular permeability. (bvsalud.org)
  • Bradykinin (10 -5 M) significantly increased permeability in the MV but not in the MA. (bvsalud.org)
Microvascular permeability1
  • The major structural and functional changes related to the airway circulation include the proliferation of blood vessels (angiogenesis) 2 - 4 , increased blood flow 5 , 6 , increased microvascular permeability 7 , 8 , and oedema formation in the airway wall 9 . (ersjournals.com)
Role of histamine1
Effect of histamine3
Granules2
Receptor7
  • Brompheniramine maleate is a histamine antagonist, specifically an H1-receptor- blocking agent belonging to the alkylamine class of antihistamines. (nih.gov)
  • Antihistamines appear to compete with histamine for receptor sites on effector cells. (nih.gov)
  • Neither receptor mediates increases in cyclic AMP in mast cells. (nih.gov)
  • Inflammatory conditions (e.g., allergy, asthma, and autoimmune diseases) have long been thought to be mainly mediated by the activation of histamine receptor 1 (H1R). (hindawi.com)
  • Overall, exploiting the impact of histamine on innate and adaptive immune responses may be helpful for understanding receptor signaling and trends during inflammation or regulation. (hindawi.com)
  • A general overview of the immune cascades triggered by histamine receptor activation is provided. (hindawi.com)
  • Our Histamine review gives an overview of the different histamine receptor subtypes, as well as highlighting pharmacological ligands for their study. (tocris.com)
Vasodilation and increased2
  • Histamine (2-[3H-imidazol-4-yl]ethanamine) is an important chemical mediator that causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability and may even contribute to anaphylactic reactions [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Local swelling is the releasing of histamines in a localized area causes the vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels. (peacefulmind.com)
Basophils1
Synthesis3
  • In this study, we hypothesized that histaminergic increases in venular permeability result from a cascade triggered by activation of phospholipase C (PLC), inducing the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and activating guanylate cyclase. (tamu.edu)
  • Modification of emodin and synthesis of various derivatives have successfully increased efficacy of the molecule in regulating various cellular pathway like MAPK signaling pathway, NF-κβ signaling pathway, ROS mediated pathways and apoptotic pathways. (longdom.org)
  • The 5-HT has vasoconstrictor activity, increases the vascular permeability and promotes fibrosis, these last when increasing synthesis of collagen by the fibroblasts. (vin.com)
Inflammation2
  • In this review, we discuss the dualistic effects of histamine: how histamine affects inflammation of the immune system through the activation of intracellular pathways that induce the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in different immune cells and how histamine exerts regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immune responses. (hindawi.com)
  • Mastocytic enterocolitis (entero = small intestine, colitis-colon + -itis = inflammation) is a relatively new term for a subgroup of irritable bowel syndrome characterized by an increase in mast cells in the intestine. (healthanddietblog.com)
Release12
  • In a laboratory model of asthma, allergen inhalation by atopic asthmatics caused immediate histamine release, demonstrated by increased plasma concentrations measured using a sensitive and specific radio-immunoassay. (soton.ac.uk)
  • No significant histamine release was demonstrated during the late phase response despite measurement of plasma histamine and urinary N τ -methylhistamine. (soton.ac.uk)
  • These results, when added to the available knowledge of the physiology of histamine release, support the preferential use of H1/H2 antagonist combinations in the prevention and treatment of anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions. (nih.gov)
  • The release of histamine into the bloodstream results in the signs and symptoms associated with an allergic reaction. (livestrong.com)
  • Ingestion of buckwheat flour and the subsequent release of histamine causes itching, swelling and reddening of the mouth, lips and face. (livestrong.com)
  • The release of histamine into the bloodstream dilates and increases the permeability of capillaries, enabling fluids and toxins to leak to the top layer of the skin. (livestrong.com)
  • Urticaria results from the release of histamines and appears as well-circumscribed, erythematous lesions with raised borders and blanched centers. (aafp.org)
  • An anaphylactic reaction is due primarily to the release of histamine from IgE sensitized mast cells. (dentalcare.com)
  • and increase in production and release of inflammatory mediators. (vin.com)
  • Later to that the mast cells are activated by substances such as IgE, they release histamine, which causes immediate hypersensitivity reactions. (vin.com)
  • When mast cells release histamine and other chemicals, it irritates or inflames the gut, making it more permeable or leaky. (healthanddietblog.com)
  • The activation of these cells leads to the release of chemical mediators such as histamine and arachidonic acid metabolites, which increase vascular permeability and tissue swelling 9 . (bvsalud.org)
Vasoconstriction1
  • This causes vasoconstriction, increased vascular permeability by constricting pericytes, and broncho constriction by constricting smooth muscle of the bronchus. (brainscape.com)
Chemical mediators1
Endothelial cells2
  • The results suggest that histamine increases coronary venular permeability by a direct action on the venular endothelial cells through a PLC-NO synthase-guanylate cyclase-signaling cascade. (tamu.edu)
  • Histamine and NO secreted by the endothelial cells. (goconqr.com)
Calor1
  • According to FA it is only postcapillary venules, but according to Goljan, in bee sting, arteriolar dilatation causes calor and rubor while venular dilatation causes tumor, all because of histamine. (studentdoctor.net)
Phospholipase1
  • Histamine increases venular permeability via a phospholipase C-NO synthase-guanylate cyclase cascade. (tamu.edu)
Urticaria1
Coronary1
  • The apparent permeability coefficient to albumin (Pa) was measured in isolated porcine coronary venules subjected to constant flow and hydrostatic and oncotic pressures. (tamu.edu)
Substances1
Tissues2
  • To further facilitate glucose sparing for milk production, insulin production is depressed in combination with increased insulin resistance in some tissues (Ospina et al. (biomin.net)
  • Histamine is secreted by mast cells into surrounding connective tissues when there's an exposure to an allergen. (hoffmancentre.com)
Nasal lavage2
  • Histamine challenge increased epithelial permeability, causing increased concentrations of total protein and albumin in nasal lavage. (soton.ac.uk)
  • In addition, levels of TXB 2 , a stable breakdown product of TXA 2 , and histamine in nasal lavage fluid increased after antigen challenge in actively sensitized guinea pigs. (aspetjournals.org)
Inhibition2
  • In the guinea pig trachea Brazilian propolis extract (10 μg/mL) produced a non-significant inhibition in the cumulative response curve for histamine. (scirp.org)
  • In the mouse paw oedema induced by intraplantar injection of histamine (50 μg/paw), the results showed that the treatment of the mice with P1 (10 or 100 mg/Kg (p.o) or 1 or 10 mg/Kg (i.p)), 0.5 h beforehand, significantly inhibited the paw oedema with maximal inhibition (MI) of 25% or 42% by p.o. route or 22% or 37% by i.p. route, respectively. (scirp.org)
Allergen1
  • Histamine is a minor contributor to the acute bronchoconstrictor response following allergen exposure in asthma but does not play a significant role in the ongoing inflammatory response. (soton.ac.uk)
Amino acid histidine1
  • Scombroid results from consumption of fish containing high level of histamine, which accumulates when bacteria metabolize the amino acid histidine in the fish muscle. (calpoison.org)
Inhibitor1
Pressures1
Venules1
  • Histamine in Type I Hypersensitivity: Postcapillary venules or arterioles? (studentdoctor.net)
Symptoms2
  • It can be somewhat of a journey, but once you know you have MCAS there's a lot that can be done to relieve your symptoms and improve your life. (hoffmancentre.com)
  • Scombroid poisoning, or histamine fish poisoning, is a type of food poisoning that is similar to symptoms of seafood allergies. (calpoison.org)
Blood3
  • This flavonoid promotes cardiovascular health by its ability to dilate blood vessels, improve the circulation of oxygenated blood, lower blood cholesterol, and prevent the oxidation of LDL by free radicals. (livestrong.com)
  • Rutin prevents excessive blood clotting and decreases the permeability of blood vessels, and thus is used to treat high blood pressure, varicose veins, radiation damage and gout. (livestrong.com)
  • Long-term use can elevate blood pressure and increase potassium loss. (peacefulmind.com)
Significantly1
  • Moreover, the U-46619- and histamine-induced increases in vascular permeability and intranasal pressure were significantly inhibited by seratrodast and azelastine, respectively. (aspetjournals.org)
Oedema1
  • We evaluated the effect of Brazilian propolis (P1) in guinea pig isolated trachea in vitro contracted with hista-mine, in paw oedema induced by histamine in mice and anti-ulcerogenic effect of propolis formulation in mice. (scirp.org)
Commonly1
  • Changes in vascular permeability are commonly present in certain clinical diseases and when occurring in the lung or brain lead to serious consequences related to impaired gas exchange and cerebral function, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Immune system1
  • a situation in which part of the innate immune system becomes hyperactive and releases multiple inflammatory mediators, of which histamine is one. (hoffmancentre.com)
Airway1
  • In addition, corticosteroids seem to reverse components of the asthma-induced structural changes (airway remodelling), including the increased vascularity of the bronchial wall 24 . (ersjournals.com)