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Hydrazoic acidNaN3AqueousReacts violentlyReactReactiveExposureDecompositionYieldsCyanideInorganicInhalationToxicRelatively insensitiveBromineReactionOrganic compoundsDiluteDichloromethaneNitrogenSaltsBariumNitrateShock-sensitive1987SensitivitySolubleChemicalsExplosionAcidsMoleculesUnstableFlushAvoidCopperNitricNitrousBlack PowderChemistryIonicAirbagLaboratoryAzizYieldProductsMetalHandlingSynthesisPreparationHighAntibioticsIntermediateDerivativesFormationSimilar
Hydrazoic acid4
  • Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Sodium azide rapidly hydrolyzes in water and acids, forming hydrazoic acid (HN 3 ), a highly toxic and volatile liquid solution that poses a serious inhalation hazard. (illinois.edu)
  • Sodium azide when distilled with 50% sulphuric acid yields hydrazoic acid. (sciencemadness.org)
  • Exposure to acid conditions may generate explosive hydrazoic acid [1], It has been stated that barium azide is relatively insensitive to impact but highly sensitive to friction [2], Strontium, and particularly calcium azides show much more marked explosive properties than barium azide. (chempedia.info)
NaN32
  • This reaction forms bromine azide and sodium bromide: NaN3 + Br2 → BrN3 + NaBr The high sensitivity of bromine azide has led to difficulty in discerning its crystal structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • This step involves the reaction of the starting material with a suitable azide source, such as sodium azide (NaN3). (scivus.com)
Aqueous1
Reacts violently1
  • Sodium azide reacts violently with many common laboratory organic compounds and metals. (k-state.edu)
React6
  • The sodium azide was present as small pellets, which was dissolved in water to remove insoluble additives such as iron oxide and/or silicates which are added to react with the metallic sodium that is formed when the azide breaks down (into nitrogen gas and sodium metal vapour of course). (sciencemadness.org)
  • Never dissolve in chlorinated solvents (chloroform, dichloromethane) as these solvents will react to form explosive compounds. (k-state.edu)
  • Organic azides will react with acids to form the highly toxic hydroazoic acid. (k-state.edu)
  • The isocyanate can further react with various nucleophiles to form a wide range of compounds. (scivus.com)
  • Sodium azide may react with lead and copper plumbing to form highly explosive metal azide. (fishersci.com)
  • The compound is toxic and mutagenic and will react in vivo with secondary or tertiary amines thereby producing highly carcinogenic nitrosamines. (lookformedical.com)
Reactive3
  • This shows bromine azide's unstable tendencies in that even in the presence of sunlight, bromine azide will be a reactive molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is both highly toxic and reactive. (k-state.edu)
  • An explosive material , also called an explosive , is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light , heat , sound , and pressure . (infogalactic.com)
Exposure1
  • Sodium azide exposure can result in headache, respiratory distress, and diarrhea. (k-state.edu)
Decomposition4
  • When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of bromine and explodes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Small samples of barium azide have also been made according to the Wislicenus process the intermediate amide formed at 260-290°C and the azide at 140-175°C [85], which is, however, already within the range of thermal decomposition. (chempedia.info)
  • Isothermal a-time curves for the decomposition of barium azide [696]. (chempedia.info)
  • Dining the preparation of cellular rubber by thermal decomposition of calcium, strontium or barium azides, various additives were necessary to prevent explosive decomposition of the azide in the blended mixture. (chempedia.info)
Yields1
  • protected amino alcohols were treated with ADMP, to yield the desired compounds in excellent yields. (modernloveok.com)
Cyanide1
  • The azide ion has a similar toxicity to that of cyanide (LD 50 = 27mg/kg in rats). (k-state.edu)
Inorganic3
  • Bromine azide is an explosive inorganic compound with the formula BrN3. (wikipedia.org)
  • Handbook of inorganic compounds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sodium Azide (NaN 3 ) is an inorganic compound commonly used as the gas forming agent in airbag systems. (k-state.edu)
Inhalation1
  • Working with nano particles in liquid media during pouring or mixing operations, or where a high degree of agitation is involved, will lead to an increased likelihood of inhalation and respirable droplets being formed. (upenn.edu)
Toxic2
  • Great care must be taken when handling bromine azide as it is potentially toxic and is able to explode under various conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sodium azide is highly toxic. (illinois.edu)
Relatively insensitive1
  • Sensitive materials that can be initiated by a relatively small amount of heat or pressure are primary explosives and materials that are relatively insensitive are secondary or tertiary explosives . (infogalactic.com)
Bromine4
  • Bromine azide may be prepared by the reaction of sodium azide with Br2. (wikipedia.org)
  • Despite this, a crystal structure of bromine azide has been obtained using a miniature zone-melting procedure with focused infrared laser radiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reactions involving bromine azide are difficult to work with. (wikipedia.org)
  • This makes it a key reagent in explosives.Photochemistry experiments with bromine azide have found that UV photolysis of a small sample of bromine azide resulted in dissociation of the entire sample, making it unstable. (wikipedia.org)
Reaction6
  • Reaction with lead or copper pipes can build up highly explosive azide salts. (illinois.edu)
  • Many of these reaction products are highly explosive. (k-state.edu)
  • The Curtius rearrangement, named after the German chemist Theodor Curtius, is a chemical reaction that involves the conversion of a carboxylic acid into an isocyanate compound. (scivus.com)
  • Upon the formation of the acyl azide, the reaction proceeds to the rearrangement stage. (scivus.com)
  • The migration of nitrogen is a key feature of this reaction, leading to the transformation of the acyl azide into an isocyanate. (scivus.com)
  • A highly efficient visible-light-mediated photochemical [2 + 2] cycloaddition is coupled with an atom economic thermal cascade reaction in a continuous flow process. (uniqsis.com)
Organic compounds1
  • [14] Berthelot was able to prepare this gas by passing vapours of organic compounds (methanol, ethanol, etc.) through a red hot tube and collecting the effluent . (zirconiumbia515.sbs)
Dilute3
  • Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Even dilute solutions can accumulate enough azide salts over time to cause a serious explosion. (illinois.edu)
  • Due to the hazards associated with solid sodium azide, buying dilute solutions of 5% or less sodium azide is recommended. (illinois.edu)
Dichloromethane1
  • It reacts with halogenated organics (e.g., dichloromethane), forming explosive organic azides. (illinois.edu)
Nitrogen2
  • Here we suggest a route for synthesis of a tetragonal polymeric nitrogen, denoted t-N, via He-N compounds at high pressures. (osti.gov)
  • This rearrangement is initiated by thermal or catalytic activation, which induces the migration of a nitrogen atom from the azide group to the adjacent carbon atom, causing the formation of an isocyanate intermediate. (scivus.com)
Salts2
  • Mixing sodium azide solutions with heavy metal salts including mercuric chloride can lead to explosions. (illinois.edu)
  • Clearly label all equipment and instruments that come into contact with sodium azide, and thoroughly flush them with water to avoid the build-up of azide salts. (illinois.edu)
Barium9
  • Barium azide is also sensitive to mechanical shock , exploding with 50% probability on impact of a 10-kg weight dropping from 10 cm [109]. (chempedia.info)
  • Barium azide may be obtained by any of the methods described for calcium azide . (chempedia.info)
  • The next day, excess hydroxide was removed with CO2 the filtrate yielded 8 g barium azide (30% of the theoretical yield ) [49]. (chempedia.info)
  • Rubidium chloride is dissolved in barium azide aq sol and evaporated at 25°C to dryness. (chempedia.info)
  • Presence of barium metal , sodium or iron ions as impurities increases the sensitivity [4], Though not an endothermic compound (AH°f -22.17 kJ/mol, 0.1 kj/g), it may thermally decompose to barium nitride , rather than to the elements, when a considerable exotherm is produced (98.74 kJ/mol, 0.45 kJ/g of azide) [5]. (chempedia.info)
  • Calcium, strontium and barium azides are not shock-sensitive , but explode on heating at about 150, 170 and 225 (or 152)°C, respectively. (chempedia.info)
  • Barium azide is used in explosives. (chempedia.info)
  • Barium azide may be prepared by reacting sodium azide with a soluble barium salt . (chempedia.info)
  • Barium azide, dry or wetted with less than 50 per cent water, by mass 0224. (chempedia.info)
Nitrate1
  • Ammonium nitrate is one of the most widely used fertilizers, an important constituent of many other industrial compounds, such as mining explosives, and used as a nutrient for producing antibiotics and yeast. (cas.org)
Shock-sensitive1
  • When sodium azide or its solutions come into contact with metal surfaces such as lead, copper, zinc, silver, or brass, heavy metal azides, which are highly shock-sensitive explosives, are formed. (illinois.edu)
19871
  • This company synthesized the oxazolidionone compounds in 1987 and reported that Dup-721 showed inhibitory activity against Gram-negative anaerobes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well as gram-positive strains including MRSA and MRSE. (justia.com)
Sensitivity2
  • The explosive properties appear to be closely associated with the method of formation of the azide [3], Factors which affect the sensitivity of the azide include surface area , solvent used and ageing. (chempedia.info)
  • Explosives may also be categorized by their sensitivity . (infogalactic.com)
Soluble1
  • It is highly soluble in water and is quickly absorbed through the skin. (k-state.edu)
Chemicals3
  • Review examples of explosive chemicals here , and for additional chemical safety or substance resources, check out the Chemical Safety Library and CAS Common Chemistry . (cas.org)
  • [1] The increased availability of chemicals has allowed the construction of improvised explosive devices . (infogalactic.com)
  • The pictogram for explosive chemicals used by the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). (infogalactic.com)
Explosion3
  • unsafe storage near fireworks and without isolation or fire prevention measures led to its explosion. (cas.org)
  • At one end of the layer of explosive, the explosion is initiated. (infogalactic.com)
  • The explosion spreads from the initiation site throughout all the explosive. (infogalactic.com)
Acids1
  • Do not allow organic azide waste to come in contact with acids. (k-state.edu)
Molecules2
  • Similar samples with azide molecules did not show such an effect. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pedersen's greatest achievement, however, came toward the end of his career when he discovered a new class of molecules that he called "crown compounds. (hagley.org)
Unstable1
  • Since nitroglycerin is a liquid and highly unstable, it was replaced by nitrocellulose , smokeless powder , dynamite and gelignite (the two latter invented by Alfred Nobel ). (infogalactic.com)
Flush1
  • On disposal, flush with a large volume of water to prevent azide buildup. (fishersci.com)
Avoid3
Copper1
  • If there are mineral deposits where large masses of native metal (usually copper) are present in the ground, using explosives to "liberate" the ore typically doesn't work well. (infogalactic.com)
Nitric1
  • Fuming nitric acid is highly concentrated and is labeled either red fuming nitric acid or white fuming nitric acid. (chemicalbook.com)
Nitrous1
Black Powder2
  • Though early thermal weapons , such as Greek fire , have existed since ancient times, the first widely used explosive in warfare and mining was black powder , invented in 9th century China. (infogalactic.com)
  • The first useful explosive stronger than black powder was nitroglycerin , developed in 1847. (infogalactic.com)
Chemistry1
  • Project Associates: MEGHANA D MOHAMMED ZIYA SANKET W K Abstract:Azide is one of the most versatile functional groups in organic synthesis owing to the fact that it is the most convenient source of amines, which are very common in natural products as well as pharmaceutical heterocycles.The stability of azides under physiological conditions and their unique reactivity patterns make them one of the most preferred functionalities in click chemistry. (modernloveok.com)
Ionic1
  • Bromium azide adds to alkenes both through ionic and free-radical addition, each giving an opposite orientation in the products. (wikipedia.org)
Airbag2
Laboratory1
  • Wear standard laboratory attire i.e., closed-toe shoes, long pants, a lab coat, eye protection, and nitrile gloves when handling sodium azide powder or solution. (illinois.edu)
Aziz2
  • The pulp and paper industry uses most of the sodium chlorate consumed in the United States for on-site production of chlorine dioxide to bleach cellulose fibers (Aziz et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Sodium chlorate has also been used as a non selective contact herbicide and a defoliant for cotton, sunflowers, sundangrass, safflower, rice, and chili peppers (Aziz et al. (cdc.gov)
Yield1
  • Over the years, this transformation has gained prominence due to its versatility and the myriad of compounds it can yield. (scivus.com)
Products2
  • Perchlorate is recognized as an impurity in the production of electrochemically produced chlorine products, including sodium chlorate. (cdc.gov)
  • If mercury is released as a vapor, it is highly unlikely to contaminate agricultural products. (cdc.gov)
Metal1
Handling1
  • Handling nano structured powders will lead to the possibility of aerosolization. (upenn.edu)
Synthesis2
  • This amine formation step is the culmination of the rearrangement process, resulting in the synthesis of a valuable compound from the original carboxylic acid derivative. (scivus.com)
  • N-protected amino alkyl azides are used in the synthesis of triazole residue, which has been inserted as a crucial structural motif in antimicrobial, anti-HIV and anticancer reagents. (modernloveok.com)
Preparation2
  • For those of you who still want this book, the preparation of the azides section is on the roguesci FTP. (sciencemadness.org)
  • PYRO1.TXT Preparation of Contact Explosives This is part of a series of files on pyrotechnics and explosives. (bbsdocumentary.com)
High1
  • Whether the mine is on the surface, or buried deep underground, there are often times when the use of either a high or low explosive (detonation or deflagration) in a confined space can be used to liberate a fairly specific sub-volume of a brittle material in a much larger volume of the same or similar material. (infogalactic.com)
Antibiotics3
  • With the expansion of the use of antibiotics, bacteria themselves undergo extensive mutations resulting in an explosive increase in resistance thereto. (justia.com)
  • Furthermore, more frequent use of various antibiotics leads to a higher complexity of antibiotic resistance than in the past. (justia.com)
  • Culminating in the present invention, with the goal of overcoming the problems encountered in the prior art, intensive and thorough research was conducted by the present inventors into novel oxazolidinone class antibiotics with more potent anti-bacterial activity, which resulted in the finding that oxazolidinone derivatives with difluorophenyl moieties are highly inhibitory of resistant strains including Gram-positive bacteria and VRE. (justia.com)
Intermediate1
  • The nucleophilic attack of the azide ion on the carbonyl carbon of the starting compound leads to the formation of the acyl azide intermediate. (scivus.com)
Derivatives1
  • It represents a significant tool in the repertoire of synthetic chemists, enabling the conversion of carboxylic acid derivatives into primary amines, a crucial class of compounds with diverse applications. (scivus.com)
Formation1
  • Formation of the acyl azide from the corresponding acid chloride or carboxylic acid with azide ion (N3-) as a nucleophile. (scivus.com)
Similar1
  • These compounds are similar to vancomycin in antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains, but show very poor inhibitory activity against Gram-negative strains. (justia.com)