• [4] Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, while reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ultimately, the meaning was generalized to include all processes involving the loss of electrons or the increase in the oxidation state of a chemical species. (wikipedia.org)
  • The oxidation number of manganese in MnO2 and Mn2O3 manganese are in the +4 and +3 states, respectively. (actionext.com)
  • Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 Powder also called Manganese(III) Oxide, It is high in purity and small size particles. (actionext.com)
  • Manganese porphyrins have been extensively investigated as model systems for the natural enzyme cytochrome P450 and as synthetic oxidation catalysts. (icmab.es)
  • An alloy of Cobalt and Platinum when doped with Manganese has been found to be an effective catalyst for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) that takes place at the anode of the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) which is an attractive alternate power source for a large number of energy applications. (dst.gov.in)
  • Use of X-ray absorption spectroscopy to speciate manganese in airborne particulate matter from five counties across the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • The purpose of this study is to characterize manganese oxidation states and speciation in airborne particulate matter (PM) and describe how these potentially important determinants of PM toxicity vary by location. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, we show, using high resolution RIXS that molecular O 2 is formed in the bulk particles on O 2‒ oxidation in the archetypal Li-rich ruthenates and iridate compounds, Li 2 RuO 3 , Li 2 Ru 0.5 Sn 0.5 O 3 and Li 2 Ir 0.5 Sn 0.5 O 3 . (nature.com)
  • Due to its high atomic number and ease of attachment to organic compounds , it has also found favour as a non-toxic radiocontrast material. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, they often have higher oxidation states in compounds. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Copper has a low oxidation state in most compounds (+2 is usual). (mis-asia.com)
  • There are also some compounds with an oxidation state of +1. (mis-asia.com)
  • Many iodine-containing compounds are frequently used as reagents in organic synthesis - mainly for iodination, oxidation and C - C bond formation. (scienceinschool.org)
  • Compounds of lead are usually found in the +2 oxidation state rather than the +4 state common with lighter members of the carbon group . (wikiversity.org)
  • This review describes major advances in the use of functionalized molecular metal oxides (polyoxometalates, POMs) as water oxidation catalysts under electrochemical conditions. (mdpi.com)
  • The fundamentals of POM-based water oxidation are described, together with a brief overview of general approaches to designing POM water oxidation catalysts. (mdpi.com)
  • Next, the use of POMs for homogeneous, solution-phase water oxidation is described together with a summary of theoretical studies shedding light on the POM-WOC mechanism. (mdpi.com)
  • Most of the main features of water oxidation in photosystem II are by a DFT(B3LYP) energy minimization (11, 12) (Fig. 1). (lu.se)
  • The knowledge of the different steps of water oxidation in fine structure (EXAFS) studies of the S2-S3 transition. (lu.se)
  • Although oxidation reactions are commonly associated with the formation of oxides, other chemical species can serve the same function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Layered Li-rich transition metal oxides undergo O-redox, involving the oxidation of the O 2− ions charge compensated by extraction of Li + ions. (nature.com)
  • It has been reported that peroxides O 2 2− and longer O-O dimers form beyond the limits of transition metal oxidation in the 4 and 5d transition metal oxides 17 , 19 . (nature.com)
  • Abstract: A novel approach is introduced to synthesize multivalent, mesoporous metal oxides with high surface area using zero oxidation state precursors. (materialstoday.com)
  • Ozone will oxidize metals except gold, platinum, and iridium to oxides of the metals in their highest oxidation state. (processregister.com)
  • It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. (wikipedia.org)
  • Such reactions involve the formal transfer of electrons: a net gain in electrons being a reduction, and a net loss of electrons being oxidation. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, in the rusting of iron , the oxidation state of iron atoms increases as the iron converts to an oxide , and simultaneously the oxidation state of oxygen decreases as it accepts electrons released by the iron. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a result, in the case of Tl, the outer-shell electrons are more strongly retained, resulting in an unusually high IE. (tutorialspoint.com)
  • Like you said the one + the one must = 0 (neutral) i understand why they must be nuetral but how can u change an oxidation number to make it nuetral i thought they already had a number considering how many valence electrons they had how can you change it, i dunno if what im saying even makes sense but you can try to answer it. (chemicalforums.com)
  • It makes use of fluids to store electrochemical energy, sorting electrons and recombining via reduction and oxidation before releasing them to generate electricity when it is needed. (allaboutcircuits.com)
  • its ability to exchange electrons as it cycles between cuprous and cupric states has been harnessed by enzymes that catalyze a wide variety of biochemical processes [ 1 , 2 ]. (biorxiv.org)
  • This pigment is produced in the apocrine glands, and its various oxidative states account for the characteristic yellow, green, blue, or black secretions observed in apocrine chromhidrosis, although a single case of pink secretions from inguinal apocrine chromhidrosis has also been reported. (medscape.com)
  • In chromhidrosis, lipofuscins are found in a higher-than-normal concentration or a higher-than-normal state of oxidation in apocrine glands. (medscape.com)
  • The term oxidation was first used by Antoine Lavoisier to signify the reaction of a substance with oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
  • The dipole moments would, sometimes, also turn out abnormal oxidation numbers, such as in CO and NO, which are oriented with their positive end towards oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
  • Oxidation originally implied a reaction with oxygen to form an oxide. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reversely Trapping Isolated Atoms in High Oxidation State for Accelerating the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Kinetics. (bvsalud.org)
  • These fascinating "redox factories" scavenge or release water, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur and carbon, depending on the element's oxidation state. (esrf.fr)
  • The released fluid (undulating blue arrows) carries oxygen and its radicals and major chemical elements in their highest oxidation states. (esrf.fr)
  • The methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) at the anode and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode are the main processes that determine the performance of DMFCs. (dst.gov.in)
  • In chemistry, the oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical charge of an atom if all of its bonds to other atoms were fully ionic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, the oxidation states of atoms in a given compound may vary depending on the choice of electronegativity scale used in their calculation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bill's research interests are in synthetic inorganic chemistry and include the design and coordination of neutral bi- and multi-dentate ligands containing heavy group 15 and 16 donor atoms (P, As, Sb, Bi, Se and Te), transition metal coordination chemistry, especially in high oxidation states, and metal halide and oxo-halide chemistry. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • RIXS and XAS data for Li 2 IrO 3 are consistent with a charge compensation mechanism associated primarily with Ir redox up to and beyond the 5+ oxidation state, with no evidence of O-O dimerization. (nature.com)
  • A team of scientists attempted to fill this knowledge gap by studying the redox state of the trace element arsenic in serpentinite rocks of the Tso Morari massif in north-west Himalaya, which was a subduction zone about 40-50 million years ago, before the mountain rose. (esrf.fr)
  • The researchers carried out X-ray absorption spectroscopy at beamline BM30 (FAME), which enabled in-situ quantification of the chemical and redox state of arsenic trapped in the rocks and minerals. (esrf.fr)
  • The X-ray absorption spectrum (blue curve) provides direct information on the arsenic redox state contained in the major minerals of the serpentinite rock (imaged as the background). (esrf.fr)
  • Through the measured ratios of arsenic oxidation state in serpentinite, the redox parameters were quantified in the fluid during the different subduction steps. (esrf.fr)
  • Arsenic redox state thus offers a unique route of the focused out-of-equilibrium generation of extremely oxidising fluids - a phenomenon that cannot be captured by traditional petrological approaches. (esrf.fr)
  • Controlling the magnetization direction in molecules via their oxidation state", Physical Review Letters 2008 , 100 , 117207. (fz-juelich.de)
  • The high lateral resolution of the STM, in combination with its sensitivity to subtle differences in the electronic properties of molecules, allowed the detection of at least four distinct reaction species. (icmab.es)
  • Since our interest lays primarily in the dynamics of molecules in solution this process can be used to study the relation of points of high electron density to each other. (lu.se)
  • With these techniques we have successfully traced the electron transfer in complex molecules like the shown Ruthenium - Platinum complex with very high time-resolution. (lu.se)
  • The project involves analysis of data obtained at MAX-Lab and includes interpretation of the alignment of core-excited molecules based upon the quantum mechanical dipole operator, as well as analysis of the three-dimensional momentum of fragments from single dissociation events in order to extract information about the geometry and the final dissociative states. (lu.se)
  • By using two laser pulses with a time delay we can study the temporal behavior of photoionization to specific electronic states, and the fragmentation of molecules can be probed in the time domain. (lu.se)
  • High rates of mdC/hmdC oxidation and fdC turnover characterize a formative-like pluripotent state. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • This is particularly true of high oxidation states, where the ionization energy required to produce a multiply positive ion is far greater than the energies available in chemical reactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Also, several observations regarding chemical reactions may be explained at a basic level in terms of oxidation states. (wikipedia.org)
  • High temperature and pressure reactions are discussed in terms of the use of sealed NMR tubes and heavy walled reaction vessels. (caltech.edu)
  • The oxidation alone and the reduction alone are each called a half-reaction because two half-reactions always occur together to form a whole reaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although permethylniobocene and permethyltantalocene derivatives display reactivities similar to the parent niobocene and tantalocene analogs, their increased electron density at niobium and tantalum, their greater steric crowding, and their higher thermal stabilities offer some advantages in probing fundamental transformations such as α- and β-migratory insertion and elimination processes. (caltech.edu)
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the Co species have been greatly activated via the effective electron coupling with Mo species in high oxidation state . (bvsalud.org)
  • X-type ligands donate one electron, requiring oxidation of the metal center to form classical covalent M-X bonds (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
  • [2] Element 112 (in group 12) may also be excluded, because its electron configuration is likely to be similar to that of other members of group 12, and its oxidation properties are unlikely to be observed due to its radioactive nature. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Surface science techniques: low energy electron diffraction (LEED), reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Auger electron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), sample preparations in UHV, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), positron annihilation-induced Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES). (infim.ro)
  • In x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) the energy of the absorbed photon raises an electron from a deeply bound state into unoccupied bound states or it gains enough energy to escape the atom. (lu.se)
  • TPO data indicated the presence of two carbon species with different oxidation reactivity in all the materials prepared from both anthracites. (psu.edu)
  • In this chapter, we discuss the experimental and computational studies that have led to detailed mechanistic understanding of C–H activation and functionalization by both the original Shilov system and the many subsequent modifications that have been developed, and assess the prospects for practical, selective catalytic oxidation of alkanes using this chemistry. (caltech.edu)
  • A hypothetical catalytic cycle for the selective oxidation of alkanes to alcohols by dioxygen may be based on the activation of C-H bonds at Pt(II) centers, coupled with additional known organoplatinum chemistry. (caltech.edu)
  • State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China. (bvsalud.org)
  • Born in 2014, this wikibook is a cooperative learning project of students in Chemistry 310 at Penn State University . (wikibooks.org)
  • Differences in oxidation state and composition indicate regional variations in sources and atmospheric chemistry that may help explain differences in health effects identified in epidemiological studies. (cdc.gov)
  • SERS vibrational features confirm oxidation state, coordination number and ligands. (ojp.gov)
  • Generally, they exhibit higher thermal stability, solubility, and crystallinity. (caltech.edu)
  • The stability of (+III) states reduces as one moves down the group, whereas (+I) state stability improves. (tutorialspoint.com)
  • The absorption spectrum thus contains detailed information about the density of empty states and allows conclusions about coordination, oxidation state and many more information about the local structure. (lu.se)
  • They then undergo preliminary oxidation with coal gas. (abbaworld.com)
  • Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) was used to analyse carbon materials prepared from two different anthracites by high temperature treatment. (psu.edu)
  • The less ordered (more reactive) carbon species were gradually converted into the more ordered (less reactive) species by increasing the heat treatment temperature, thus, giving rise to the formation of materials with a higher overall degree of graphitic order as determined by XRD. (psu.edu)
  • 2. This is what happens during the oxidation reaction of carbon monoxide, and organic matter. (actionext.com)
  • In Photosystem II (PSII), the Mn 4 CaO 5 -cluster of the active site advances through five sequential oxidation states (S 0 to S 4 ) before water is oxidized and O 2 is generated. (nih.gov)
  • Ambient PM samples were collected from five counties across the US using a high volume sequential cyclone system that collects PM in dry bulk form segregated into "coarse" and "fine" size fractions. (cdc.gov)
  • In the lower oxidation states of metals, the oxide is called basic. (actionext.com)
  • Researchers have shown that epitaxial strain can be used to create high-quality metal oxide thin films out of 'stubborn' metals. (materialstoday.com)
  • Exposure to hard-metal dust takes place at all stages of the production of hard metals, but the highest levels of exposure to cobalt have been reported to occur during the weighing, grinding and finishing phases (Reber and Burckhardt 1970, McDermot 1971, NIOSH 1981, Sprince et al. (who.int)
  • It is crucial to establish a high-throughput healing method of defects in graphene for post-silicon device fabrication, as defect introduction during synthesis and characterization processes is unavoidable. (aps.org)
  • Analyses included total Mn using ICP-MS and characterization of oxidation states and speciation using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). (cdc.gov)
  • Almost all of them are solids at room temperature, with high tensile strength (ability to withstand stress), density , and melting and boiling points. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • This study investigates delamination between Epoxy Molding Compound (EMC) and copper lead frame using the button shear test and the X-ray Photoelec Pseudocapacitors, also known as one type of supercapacitors, have attracted significant attention of researchers as efficient energy storage devices with superior properties such as high power density, excellent reversibility, and long cycle lifetime-dependent power, which are necessary properties of electronics portable devices. (mis-asia.com)
  • Here, we have studied the transition between the low spin (LS) and high spin (HS) configurations of S 2 using EPR spectroscopy, quantum chemical calculations using Density Functional Theory (DFT), and time-resolved UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. (nih.gov)
  • Among the different classes of fuel cells proposed, DMFCs have long been considered an attractive alternate power source for small vehicles such as forklifts and as battery chargers for mobile phones, digital cameras, laptops, and other small electronic gadgets, due to their high energy density, high efficiency, and low operating temperature. (dst.gov.in)
  • Lead's high density, low melting point, ductility , and relative inertness to oxidation make it useful. (wikiversity.org)
  • Results were expressed as mean and Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) standard deviation (SD). (who.int)
  • The fine structure of this x-ray emission (XES) give detailed information on the density of filled states and can be used due to the influence of spin-orbit coupling to track the oxidation and total spin state of the emitting atom. (lu.se)
  • It is a com What is copper oxide?The oxide Cu2O occurs naturally as cuprite and is obtained as red or yellow crystals or powder by oxidation of copper in a furnace or by electrolysis, and that is used chiefly as a pigment (as in ceramics and antifouling paints) and as a seed disinfectant and fungicide also called copper(I) oxide, cuprous oxide, red copper oxide. (mis-asia.com)
  • 14. What is the oxidation of Ce if electrolysis of an aqueous solution of this salt for 16.5 hours with a 1.00 A current deposits 21.6 g of Ce metal? (tutor-homework.com)
  • the participation of higher-valent species plays a crucial role. (caltech.edu)
  • This conceptual advance has been validated by operando characterizations, which reveals that the initially rapid Mo leaching can expedite the dynamic reconstruction of pre-catalyst, and simultaneously trap Mo species in high oxidation state into the lattice of in situ generated CoOOH support. (bvsalud.org)
  • Schematic view of the highest occupied and the lowest unoccupied energy levels of Eu 2 (C 8 H 8 ) 3 ionic species. (fz-juelich.de)
  • High-bandwidth detection of short DNA in nanopipettes. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Recently, we have demonstrated high-bandwidth detection of double-stranded (ds) DNA with microsecond time resolution in nanopipettes, using custom-designed electronics. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • These results confirm the mechanism of a successful acetic acid protocol previously developed for the highly sensitive SERS detection of dried blood for forensic applications and indicate how it may be further improved to achieve even higher SERS sensitivity for heme protein detection. (ojp.gov)
  • Copper sulphate is an inorganic salt with copper in a high oxidation state. (europa.eu)
  • The decomposition temperature of copper sulphate is also high indicating a high energy of activation. (europa.eu)
  • Copper sulphate is therefore considered inert under the conditions of oxidation. (europa.eu)
  • It exists in black solid form, melting temperature higher than 1200 °C. Copper (II) oxide is insoluble mainly in solvents but can react with acids to form copper salts. (mis-asia.com)
  • Thermal oxidation of metal surfaces, especially on copper leadframe, is unavoidable. (mis-asia.com)
  • The ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic ordering in CuO single crystal could be controll What is copper oxide?Copper is a reddish metal with a very high electrical and thermal conductivity, only surpassed by the thermal conductivity of gold and silver. (mis-asia.com)
  • Copper oxide states : The oxidation state of Copper is +1 or +2. (abbaworld.com)
  • Here we passivate the InAs(100) substrate by removing the native oxide via annealing in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) under a flux of atomic hydrogen and growing a stoichiometry controlled oxide (thermal oxide) in UHV, prior to atomic layer deposition (ALD) of an Al 2 O 3 high-k layer. (lu.se)
  • When it is burned in dinitrogen at a very high temperature, it produces AlN. (tutorialspoint.com)
  • In both Ca-PSII and Sr-PSII, S 2 HS was capable of advancing to S 3 at low temperature (198 K). This is an experimental demonstration that the S 2 LS is formed first and advances to S 3 via the S 2 HS state without detectable intermediates. (nih.gov)
  • Its flexible acrylic adhesive provides both high performance at a wide temperature range and excellent adhesion to many substrates. (3m.com)
  • All are stable groupings in high oxidation states. (europa.eu)
  • Because of their more stable (+III) oxidation state, monohalides of Al, Ga, and In are reductants. (tutorialspoint.com)
  • Here we use metabolic labelling with stable isotopes and mass spectrometry to quantitatively address the global turnover of genomic methylcytidine (mdC), hydroxymethylcytidine (hmdC) and formylcytidine (fdC) across mouse pluripotent cell states. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and concludes three major decay chains of heavier elements. (wikiversity.org)
  • Defects at the interface between InAs and a native or high permittivity oxide layer are one of the main challenges for realizing III-V semiconductor based metal oxide semiconductor structures with superior device performance. (lu.se)
  • 17. Balance the following oxidation reduction reaction in BASIC solution. (tutor-homework.com)
  • The selective metal-catalyzed oxidation of alkanes to alcohols offers immense opportunities for saving energy and reducing waste in the petroleum and chemical manufacturing industries. (caltech.edu)
  • A strategy of using a high ligand/metal ion concentration ratio eliminates lattice defects in polycrystalline zirconium metal-organic framework membranes, enhancing their molecular sieving performance. (nature.com)
  • Molybdenum does not occur naturally as a free metal, it is found in various oxidation states in minerals. (americanelements.com)
  • CueR is a metal sensor that senses the Cu(I) ion with high affinity and induces a transcription process [ 11 , 15 ]. (biorxiv.org)
  • Cobalt metal is used to make corrosion- and wear- resistant alloys used in aircraft engines (superalloys), in magnets (magnetic alloys) and in high-strength steels and other alloys for many applications. (who.int)
  • Gastrointestinal absorption of water-soluble lead is higher in children (40-50%) than in adults (3-10%) (ATSDR 2005). (cdc.gov)
  • Absorption spectroscopy indicates that NH 3 is no longer bound in the S 3 Tyr Z state, consistent with EPR data showing minor or no NH 3 -induced modification of S 3 and S 0 . (nih.gov)
  • The oxidation state of an atom does not represent the "real" charge on that atom, or any other actual atomic property. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, the oxidation state of an atom in a compound is purely a formalism. (wikipedia.org)
  • The current IUPAC Gold Book definition of oxidation state is: Oxidation state of an atom is the charge of this atom after ionic approximation of its heteronuclear bonds. (wikipedia.org)
  • The underlying principle is that the ionic charge is "the oxidation state of an atom, after ionic approximation of its bonds", where ionic approximation means, hypothesizing that all bonds are ionic. (wikipedia.org)
  • I need some help with determining oxidation numbers for each atom of a compound. (chemicalforums.com)
  • For example could someone explain the oxidation number for each atom of PBr5 and PBr3 and how you got it? (chemicalforums.com)
  • Children exposed to the same levels of lead dusts as adults may receive a larger dose because they have greater lung surface area:body weight ratios and higher minute volumes:body weight ratios. (cdc.gov)
  • The highest levels of ozone in the atmosphere are in the stratosphere, in a region also known as the ozone layer between about 10 km and 50 km above the surface. (processregister.com)
  • In this direction, researchers from the National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune, and Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bangalore, an autonomous institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) have synthesized a trimetallic PtMnCo catalyst that displayed superior catalytic activity and high CO tolerance when compared to commercially available catalyst. (dst.gov.in)
  • A green and highly efficient catalytic sp 2 -sp 2 C-C coupling reaction is carried out using high surface area MoO 3 (142?m 2 /g) where complete conversion is observed within one hour. (materialstoday.com)
  • a decrease in oxidation state is known as a reduction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lowest oxidation state is −5, as for boron in Al3BC and gallium in pentamagnesium digallide (Mg5Ga2). (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of its tiny size and high IE, boron is a notable nonmetal. (tutorialspoint.com)
  • Boron only reacts at high temperatures, whereas others do so even at low temperatures. (tutorialspoint.com)
  • Ultra high purity silicon can be doped with boron , gallium , phosphorus, or arsenic to produce silicon for use in transistors, solar cells , rectifiers, and other solid-state devices which are used extensively in the electronics industry .The name Silicon originates from the Latin word silex which means flint or hard stone. (americanelements.com)
  • Halogens (X) when covalently bound to A have an oxidation state of -1. (chemicalforums.com)
  • Some transition elements occur naturally in their metallic state and have been known since antiquity. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • 3) Moreover, communities that assimilate nitrogen (N) in the oxidized form nitrate have higher RQ compared to systems where organic N or ammonia is used. (lu.se)
  • means a high-efficiency particulate air filter. (gc.ca)
  • Subcentimetre-size black phosphorous and its alloy films have been achieved on conventional substrates through sustained feedstock release design, and exhibit high crystalline quality and composition-dependent bandgap tunability. (nature.com)
  • This is because most electronegativity scales depend on the atom's bonding state, which makes the assignment of the oxidation state a somewhat circular argument. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of its high electronegativity, iodine forms iodides with most elements in its formal oxidation state, -1. (scienceinschool.org)
  • The highest known oxidation state is reported to be +9, displayed by iridium in the tetroxoiridium(IX) cation (IrO+4). (wikipedia.org)
  • [6] The processes of oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously and cannot occur independently. (wikipedia.org)
  • Single Crystal Growth and Magnetic Properties of High Oxidation State Material Ba 2 CoO 4 . (mpg.de)
  • And then, a preliminary flow sheet of two-step oxidation and extraction of Ce(IV) for Bayan Obo mixed rare earth ores was further proposed. (intechopen.com)
  • After acid leaching of rare earth minerals, leaching solution was obtained, and cerium oxide of products of high purity was obtained by extraction and stripping. (intechopen.com)
  • Improved performance of Si nanowire arrays for capacitor electrodes in ionic liquid [Bmim][NTf2], is obtained by spin-on-doping the nanowires followed by hot, concentrated nitric acid oxidation. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Spin state. (nih.gov)
  • Lead rarely occurs in its elemental state. (cdc.gov)
  • Oxidants are usually chemical substances with elements in high oxidation states (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
  • The same chemical is on both sides of the membrane, but in different oxidation states. (allaboutcircuits.com)
  • Fatty acid oxidation disorders are lipid metabolism disorders that are caused by a lack or deficiency of the enzymes needed to break down fats, resulting in delayed mental and physical development. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In fatty acid oxidation disorders, both parents of the affected child carry a copy of the abnormal gene. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Children who have a fatty acid oxidation disorder are missing or have a deficiency of the enzymes needed to break down (metabolize) fats. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Treatment of fatty acid oxidation disorders varies depending on the type of fatty substances that accumulate in the blood and tissues. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Specifically, Physical Optics Corporation will fabricate and test a solid-state filter tailored to precisely match the spectral characteristics of target compound(s), either gaseous or liquid, in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. (nsf.gov)
  • As the demand for high-capacity energy storage in modern life has been raised continuously, pseudocapacitors have become a hot topic recently. (mis-asia.com)
  • This is because when energy is being generated by wind turbines or solar panels, demand is not always high, and this leads to a surplus that has nowhere to go in the absence of a viable storage solution. (allaboutcircuits.com)
  • The objectives of Phase I are (1) to construct a proof-of-principle generator for operation at 125 kV, (2) to experimentally demonstrate that a uniform, high energy ion beam can be generated, and (3) to develop the conceptual design for a Phase II laboratory prototype DNG system. (nsf.gov)
  • It enables us to develop a transfer technique to fabricate high-quality 2D heterostructures with clean interfaces. (aps.org)