• The talks were about AI (artificial intelligence), Electron Microscopy, Justice and Photography. (ted.com)
  • These days, immunohistochemical staining is just one of several established immunostaining techniques, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, immuno-electron microscopy, and Western blotting. (news-medical.net)
  • Immuno-electron microscopy, also referred to as EM immunolabelling and immuno-EM, is a technique that tags antibody molecules with electron-dense substances, usually, and most effectively, being small gold particles, which are seen during the analysis as easy to spot dark dots. (news-medical.net)
  • Our laboratory's method of choice is time-resolved electron microscopy. (chimia.ch)
  • see Figure 1), spinning disk confocal in live-cell imaging, flux determinations of calcium or other ions, and time-resolved three-dimensional microscopy (4-D techniques), the electron multiplying CCD offers significant advantages over other sensors designed for low signal levels. (fsu.edu)
  • In addition, because the charge packet from a single pixel is often only a few electrons in challenging microscopy investigations, the signal is too frequently lost in the read noise even at slow readout rates. (fsu.edu)
  • Here, we reveal, using photoemission electron microscopy combined with scanning x-ray diffraction microscopy and micromagnetic simulations, that the AF domain structure in CuMnAs thin films is dominated by nanoscale structural twin defects, which determine the location and orientation of 180° and 90° domain walls. (lu.se)
  • the aim of this study was to evaluate, by scanning electron microscopy, the effectiveness of 17% EDTA on removal of canal wall smear layer and calcium hydroxide dressing in different thirds of root canal. (bvsalud.org)
  • The JEM-ACE200F High Throughput Analytical Electron Microscope delivers fast, stable, and highly-resolved data acquisition for device characterization with high accuracy critical dimension measurements, in addition to atomic resolution imaging and elemental analysis at the sub-nanometer level for defect identification. (jeolusa.com)
  • Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and their collaborators have developed a way to retrofit the transmission electron microscope - a long-standing scientific workhorse for making crisp microscopic images - so that it can also create high-quality movies of super-fast processes at the atomic and molecular scale. (ieeenano.org)
  • It's expected to be a fraction of the cost of a new electron microscope," she said. (ieeenano.org)
  • For example, electron lensing could enable on-chip versions of an electron microscope, with the ability to perform atomic scale imageing and diagnostics. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Claude pioneered the use the electron microscope. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The SC6100 camera with microscope attachment provides high-speed (35kHz) and high-resolution (640×512) MWIR imagery and can also be used for IR thermography. (udel.edu)
  • Transmission electron microscope samples of the various grinding substrates were also collected. (cdc.gov)
  • An FEL functions and behaves in many ways like a laser, but instead of using stimulated emission from atomic or molecular excitations, it employs relativistic electrons as a gain medium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Undulators are technical devices that guide the motion of a relativistic electron cluster, which results in the production of ultraviolet radiation. (azooptics.com)
  • The reductive perturbation method has been employed to derive the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation for small- but finite-amplitude electrostatic ion-acoustic waves in weakly relativistic plasma consisting of warm ions and isothermal electrons. (hindawi.com)
  • When we assume that the ion energy depends only on the kinetic energy, such plasma ions have to attain very high velocity of relativistic order. (hindawi.com)
  • Whistler mode chorus is an important magnetospheric emission, playing a dual role in the acceleration and loss of relativistic electrons in the Earth's outer radiation belt. (bas.ac.uk)
  • 8. Such mid-latitude, low frequency chorus wave power will contribute to the acceleration and loss of relativistic electrons and should be taken into account in radiation belt models. (bas.ac.uk)
  • Experiments with super-fast lasers show bubbles that form around atoms can speed up energy transfer. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Electrons combine with protons and (usually) neutrons to make atoms . (windows2universe.org)
  • Electrons in different atoms have different energies associated with their energy level transitions. (windows2universe.org)
  • Electrons are often torn loose from their parent atoms. (windows2universe.org)
  • One way that superconductors work is when the electrons flowing through them are "coupled" to phonons-vibrations in the lattice of atoms the material is made out of. (technologyreview.com)
  • By forcing atoms to pack closely together, high pressures change the way electrons behave and, in some circumstances, enable electron-phonon pairs to form. (technologyreview.com)
  • If we can understand the behavior of electrons in atoms, we can learn to control matter in a completely new way. (lu.se)
  • A breakthrough particle accelerator could collide electrons with heavy ions or protons at nearly the speed of light to create rapid-fire, high-resolution "snapshots" of the force binding all visible matter. (bnl.gov)
  • Electrons are much smaller than neutrons and protons. (windows2universe.org)
  • A neutral atom has equal numbers of electrons and protons. (windows2universe.org)
  • The electrons in an atom swarm in a cloud around the small, dense nucleus, which is made up of neutrons and protons. (windows2universe.org)
  • The negatively charged electrons are pulled towards the nucleus by the positively charged protons. (windows2universe.org)
  • Hit the drum until the electrons/protons are released! (lu.se)
  • The proton gun releases protons, which are then accelerated at high speed in a linear accelerator. (lu.se)
  • This is done by heating up hydrogen gas with a rapidly fluctuating electrical field, the electrons are thus released from the hydrogen molecules, leaving the protons. (lu.se)
  • The protons are accelerated in a 500-meter long linear accelerator with the help of high frequency electrical fields. (lu.se)
  • After about 40 meters the protons have achieved enough speed for the acceleration to take place with the help of superconducting cavities. (lu.se)
  • Thanks to the high speed of the protons, every proton can release around 30 neutrons. (lu.se)
  • An atom consists of one nucleus, made of protons and neutrons, and many smaller particles called electrons. (cdc.gov)
  • As electron kinetic energy and undulator parameters can be adapted as desired, free-electron lasers are tunable and can be built for a wider frequency range than any other type of laser, currently ranging in wavelength from microwaves, through terahertz radiation and infrared, to the visible spectrum, ultraviolet, and X-ray. (wikipedia.org)
  • These state-of-the-art laboratories, with advanced lasers and auxiliary equipment, include the Lund High-power Laser Facility with high-power femtosecond laser systems, several combustion diagnostics research laboratories, dedicated bio-photonics laboratories, a quantum optics laboratory, and a number of specialised laboratories for ultrafast chemical dynamics. (lu.se)
  • Whereas an undulator alone would cause the electrons to radiate independently (incoherently), the radiation emitted by the bunched electrons is in phase, and the fields add together coherently. (wikipedia.org)
  • When a ridiculously intense beam of photons meets electrons kicked up to speeds approaching that of light, this whole radiation reaction becomes a serious force. (sciencealert.com)
  • The transverse acceleration of the electrons across this path results in the release of photons, which are monochromatic but still incoherent, because the electromagnetic waves from randomly distributed electrons interfere constructively and destructively in time. (wikipedia.org)
  • Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have replicated one of the most well-known electromagnetic effects in physics, the Hall Effect, using radio waves (photons) instead of electric current (electrons). (phys.org)
  • One proven solution to the read noise limitation when higher frame rates are required has traditionally been to employ an image intensifier to multiply the number of emitted specimen photons prior to detection and readout by a conventional CCD. (fsu.edu)
  • These two emitted individual photons with the highest energies ever seen . (syfy.com)
  • HESS doesn't see gamma rays directly, but is sensitive to the glow in our own atmosphere when these super-high-energy photons slam into the air, moving faster than light in that medium (which is slower than light speed in a vacuum, so no physical laws are broken here). (syfy.com)
  • It found gamma rays from GRC 180720B that were 440 billion electron Volts (typical visible light photons that we see range from 2-3 eV, so there are extremely energetic photons), the highest ever seen. (syfy.com)
  • Moreover, current carriers in materials can either behave like they are negatively charged (electrons) or positively charged (holes), depending on whether they inhabit the conduction or the valence band. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This change in speed becomes apparent in the light the particles emit, which is boosted into the gamma range of wavelengths. (sciencealert.com)
  • In an FEL, this radiation is further amplified as the radiation re-interacts with the electron bunch such that the electrons start to emit coherently, thus allowing an exponential increase in overall radiation intensity. (wikipedia.org)
  • When electrons move from one energy level to another, they either absorb or emit a photon . (windows2universe.org)
  • In a paper published today in Nature , researchers report achieving room-temperature superconductivity in a compound containing hydrogen, sulfur, and carbon at temperatures as high as 58 °F (13.3 °C, or 287.7 K). The previous highest temperature had been 260 K, or 8 °F, achieved by a rival group at George Washington University and the Carnegie Institution in Washington, DC, in 2018. (technologyreview.com)
  • In 1968, Neil Ashcroft, of Cornell University, posited that under high pressures, hydrogen would also be a superconductor . (technologyreview.com)
  • Scientists have for decades sought to understand just what those circumstances are, and to figure out what other elements might be mixed in with hydrogen to achieve superconductivity at progressively higher temperatures and lower pressures. (technologyreview.com)
  • When one removes an electron from a hydrogen atom one is left with a proton. (lu.se)
  • Spallation means that neutrons are released when a proton at high speed hits an atom nucleus. (lu.se)
  • By measuring the speed and direction of the neutrons when they come out of the test one can, with advanced software, get what is known as a spread pattern. (lu.se)
  • Actually high-speed and energetic streaming ions with the energy from 0.1 to 100 MeV are frequently observed in solar atmosphere and interplanetary space. (hindawi.com)
  • Such energetic free electrons are a form of particle radiation . (windows2universe.org)
  • Recently, the ion-acoustic solitary wave in collisionless unmagnetized plasma consisting of warm ions fluid and isothermal electrons is studied using the time-fractional KdV equation by El-Wakil et al. (hindawi.com)
  • Ideally, the voltage difference between the first two grids should be as high as possible, to maximise the speed at which the ions are expelled, and also the fuel efficiency of the engine. (newscientist.com)
  • Acceleration comes in the second stage, when the extracted ions are channelled between the second and third grids, across which a very high voltage is applied. (newscientist.com)
  • Before high-speed packets of heavy ions can be brought into collisions with one another, they first travel through a chain of smaller particle accelerators. (bnl.gov)
  • If the nucleus was this size, the electrons would zing around in a space larger than a major sports stadium! (windows2universe.org)
  • What are the electrons actually doing around the nucleus of an atom? (lu.se)
  • electrons ejected from the nucleus of a decaying atom . (cdc.gov)
  • The electrons normally circle the nucleus much like the planets or comets circle the sun. (cdc.gov)
  • The beam - a concentrated, highly charged stream of electrons - is generated by accelerators capable of producing continuous or pulsed beams. (sterigenics.com)
  • Heading up the business development of high-throughput scanning electron microscopes with multiple parallel electron beams at ZEISS, Gregor leads a team of 40 people that are designing, manufacturing and marketing these instruments. (ted.com)
  • That is the gamma-ray burst: An intensely high-energy pair of beams - calling them death rays is not really an exaggeration, as it's nearly impossible to exaggerate anything about GRBs - that scream outward into space. (syfy.com)
  • An electron is one of the most important types of subatomic particles. (windows2universe.org)
  • Electrons are a type of lepton, a class of subatomic particles which also includes muons and tauons. (windows2universe.org)
  • One main type of radiation, particle radiation, is the result of subatomic particles hurtling at tremendous speeds. (windows2universe.org)
  • Furthermore, it was clearly shown that disturbances in the hydraulic regime such as water hammers, operation of valves and rapid increases in flow velocity can result in enhanced PAH concentrations by the destabilisation of the biofilm matrix or high shear forces affecting the pipe walls resulting in the release of particles highly contaminated with PAHs which may be responsible for the contamination of the drinking water. (who.int)
  • High-speed grinding has been used as the basis for testing the hypothesis that ultrafine particles do not form a substantial component of mechanically generated aerosols. (cdc.gov)
  • High-energy particles can also cause ionization. (medscape.com)
  • Ionizing radiation can also be in the form of particulate radiation, which includes subatomic l charged or neutral particles traveling near the speed of light and therefore with high very high kinetic energy. (medscape.com)
  • Electrical currents can flow outside of wires as well, such as in the ion- and electron-rich layer of Earth's atmosphere called the ionosphere . (windows2universe.org)
  • Compatible with electron microscopes old and new, the retrofit promises to enable fresh insights into everything from microscopic machines to next-generation computer chips and biological tissue by making this moviemaking capability more widely available to laboratories everywhere. (ieeenano.org)
  • After more than a decade of development, ZEISS MultiSEM electron microscopes are available since 2014. (ted.com)
  • For microdosimetry, radiation biology and other applications involving small site and tally sizes, low electron energies or high-Z/low-Z material interfaces where the track-structure method is preferred, a computational device called a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is capable of executing track-structure Monte Carlo electron-transport simulations as fast as or faster than a standard computer can complete an identical simulation using the condensed history (CH) technique. (tamu.edu)
  • Such "free electron" can be accelerated, because of the electron's charge, to very high speeds and energies by electrical and magnetic fields. (windows2universe.org)
  • Fast material catches up with slower material, creating shock waves, which energize the matter to very high energies. (syfy.com)
  • Understanding such complexity requires atomic-resolution observations with a time resolution that is high enough to match the characteristic timescale of the system. (chimia.ch)
  • In particular, we are interested in the development of novel methods and instrumentation for high-speed observations with atomic resolution. (chimia.ch)
  • But boost an electron up to super-high speeds and its radiation reaction can no longer be ignored. (sciencealert.com)
  • We found that these successful collisions had a lower than expected electron energy, which is clear evidence of radiation reaction. (sciencealert.com)
  • A free-electron laser (FEL) is a (fourth generation) light source producing extremely brilliant and short pulses of radiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Radiation is generated by a bunch of electrons passing through a magnetic structure (called undulator or wiggler). (wikipedia.org)
  • The resulting radiation power scales linearly with the number of electrons. (wikipedia.org)
  • The radiation becomes sufficiently strong that the transverse electric field of the radiation beam interacts with the transverse electron current created by the sinusoidal wiggling motion, causing some electrons to gain and others to lose energy to the optical field via the ponderomotive force. (wikipedia.org)
  • The radiation intensity grows, causing additional microbunching of the electrons, which continue to radiate in phase with each other. (wikipedia.org)
  • This process continues until the electrons are completely microbunched and the radiation reaches a saturated power several orders of magnitude higher than that of the undulator radiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The wavelength of the radiation emitted can be readily tuned by adjusting the energy of the electron beam or the magnetic-field strength of the undulators. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this paper, data from FPGA-based track-structure electron-transport computations are presented for five test cases, from simple slab-style geometries to radiation biology applications involving electrons incident on endosteal bone surface cells. (tamu.edu)
  • This is the now disused predecessor to the large synchrotron radiation facility, MAX IV, where material is studied using electrons accelerated to high speeds. (lu.se)
  • Good acceleration requires the timing of the high frequency electrical fields to be optimal. (lu.se)
  • Good acceleration requires that the timing of the high frequency electrical fields is optimal. (lu.se)
  • In fact, boundaries between hole-type and electron-type conductors, known as p-n junctions ("p" positive, "n" negative), form the building blocks of electrical devices such as diodes and transistors. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Single electron tunneling transistors have some properties which make them attractive for neural networks, among which their small size, low power consumption and potentially high speed. (foldoc.org)
  • This energy modulation evolves into electron density (current) modulations with a period of one optical wavelength. (wikipedia.org)
  • In materials, the electron density plays a similar role to the index of refraction, and electrons refract when they pass from a region of one density to another. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Electron-density studies. (iucr.org)
  • Antiferromagnetic (AF) materials offer a route to realising high-speed, high-density data storage devices that are robust against magnetic fields due to their intrinsic dynamics in the THz-regime and the lack magnetic stray fields. (lu.se)
  • A new electron-ion collider could rise to the challenge, bending time and launching light-speed probes to unravel the mysteries of the glue. (bnl.gov)
  • In this atom, the electrons are yellow. (windows2universe.org)
  • Sometimes electrons can be knocked loose from an atom, taking along their negative charge and leaving behind an ion with a net positive charge. (windows2universe.org)
  • Electrons can dwell at various energy levels within an atom. (windows2universe.org)
  • Ionization occurs when sufficient energy is transferred to an atom to liberate an orbital electron generating an electrically charge ion pair. (medscape.com)
  • Old-school 'classical' models are usually enough to explain what's going on with the electrons moving inside an electromagnetic field. (sciencealert.com)
  • Paired with theory, these experiments are a foundation for high-intensity laser research in the quantum domain. (sciencealert.com)
  • Other components inspired by optics, such as beam splitters and interferometers, could additionally enable new studies of the quantum nature of electrons in the solid state. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Bailey NJ, Carr MR, David JPR & Richards RD (2022) Growth of InAs(Bi)/GaAs quantum dots under a bismuth surfactant at high and low temperature . (sheffield.ac.uk)
  • By incorporating on-chip multiplication gain (see Figure 1), the EMCCD achieves, in an all solid-state sensor, the single-photon detection sensitivity typical of intensified or electron-bombarded CCDs at much lower cost and without compromising the quantum efficiency and resolution characteristics of the conventional CCD structure. (fsu.edu)
  • Quantum efficiency now exceeds 90 percent and read noise is limited to less than 4 electrons rms (root-mean-square) in some high performance back-illuminated CCD camera systems. (fsu.edu)
  • In this thesis, lateral InGaAs nanowire and quantum well devices have been fabricated and characterized with the purpose of understanding the electron transport and its limitations over a wide temperature range. (lu.se)
  • However, electrons are difficult to study due to their very fast dynamics. (lu.se)
  • Femtochemistry laboratories, with high repetition-rate, tunable laser systems and pump/probe stations for ultrafast kinetics and spectroscopic studies. (lu.se)
  • The researchers were able to observe the effect in graphene, demonstrating that electrons in the atomically thin material behave like light rays, which can be manipulated by such optical devices as lenses and prisms. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Or as physicist Alec Thomas from Lancaster University and the University of Michigan put it, "One thing I always find so fascinating about this is that the electrons are stopped as effectively by this sheet of light - a fraction of a hair's breadth thick - as by something like a millimetre of lead. (sciencealert.com)
  • Electrons in solids or liquids tend to rearrange themselves upon being driven by a stimulus, such as light irradiation. (azooptics.com)
  • Since electrons are sensitive to external fields, they can be easily manipulated by irradiating them with light pulses. (azooptics.com)
  • The ability to manipulate electrons in a conducting material like light rays opens up entirely new ways of thinking about electronics," says Dean. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Electrons travelling through very pure conductors can travel in straight lines like light rays, enabling optics-like phenomena to emerge. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The "high-speed film" documents exactly what happens during light activation. (uni-bonn.de)
  • Laforge explains these measurements are made with a so-called free-electron laser, where electrons are accelerated to nearly the speed of light, then using sets of magnets, the electrons are forced to undulate, which causes them to release short wavelength bursts of light. (scitechdaily.com)
  • EUV free electron laser light sources have wide applications in the study of basic energy science, chemistry, physics and atmospheric sciences. (xinhuanet.com)
  • One of the few significant shortcomings of conventional high-performance CCD cameras is that very low signal levels typically fall beneath the read noise floor of the sensor, limiting the imaging capabilities in a number of currently productive research areas that demand rapid frame-rate capture at extremely low light levels. (fsu.edu)
  • An innovative method of amplifying low-light-level signals above the CCD read noise is employed in electron multiplying CCD technology. (fsu.edu)
  • By elevating photon-generated charge above the read noise of the device, even at high frame rates, the EMCCD has the capability of meeting the needs of ultra-low-light imaging applications without the use of external image intensifiers. (fsu.edu)
  • The performance of all CCD-based detectors has improved dramatically in recent years, and increased sensitivity has lowered detection limits in high-performance low-light imaging systems significantly. (fsu.edu)
  • It's as though one could drive at high speed through a congested city center, never hitting a traffic light. (technologyreview.com)
  • Through processes still not entirely understood, matter and energy are focused by these fields and shot away at very nearly (and I mean really very nearly) the speed of light. (syfy.com)
  • The free flying electrons are accelerated from rest up to virtually the speed of light, by strong electrical fields. (lu.se)
  • In the linear accelerator the electrons travel at close to the speed of light and their energy increases during their passage through the accelerator. (lu.se)
  • In a vacuum, these waves move at a constant speed, the speed of light (3 X 10 8 m/s). (medscape.com)
  • To achieve faster, more accurate real-time control, the sensor supports measurements as high as 20 kSPS for low-latency throughput of high-speed mechanical motion. (circuitcellar.com)
  • The JEM-ACE200F is a fully automated, high performance, high-throughput S/TEM optimally designed to meet the high volume demands of semiconductor device development, yield improvement and FAB manufacturing support. (jeolusa.com)
  • Flow cytometry offers benefits to the technicians who choose to use it, including high sample throughput speed, making it an attractive option as an immunostaining assay. (news-medical.net)
  • Organic-based solar cells have potential to reduce the cost of solar energy due to low-cost active materials, high-throughput reel-to-reel deposition technologies, low-temperature processing and application versatility. (sbir.gov)
  • I also study how under very high electric-fields, electrons and holes in a semiconductor gain energy and create further carriers through a process of impact ionisation. (sheffield.ac.uk)
  • To fulfill the increasing demand for high-speed electronics used for computation or communication is one everlasting challenge for the semiconductor industry. (lu.se)
  • Conducted Raman microscopic and electron microscopic studies: CMS ML SW. (cdc.gov)
  • The first free-electron laser was developed by John Madey in 1971 at Stanford University using technology developed by Hans Motz and his coworkers, who built an undulator at Stanford in 1953, using the wiggler magnetic configuration. (wikipedia.org)
  • BEIJING, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- Chinese scientists announced they have built a facility that can generate the world's brightest extreme ultraviolet (EUV) free electron laser. (xinhuanet.com)
  • Wang Enge, vice president of the CAS, said 90 percent of DCLS devices were independently developed in China, and its construction has laid the foundation for developing next generation free electron laser. (xinhuanet.com)
  • The real result then came when we compared this detection with the energy in the electron beam after the collision," says senior author Stuart Mangles from Imperial College London. (sciencealert.com)
  • Electron beam (E-Beam) sterilization is a form of ionizing energy that is characterized by its low penetration and high-dosage rates. (sterigenics.com)
  • As the product/material being sterilized passes the E-Beam, energy from the electrons is absorbed, altering various chemical bonds, damaging the DNA, and destroying the reproductive capabilities of the microorganisms. (sterigenics.com)
  • Sterigenics provides a portfolio of high-energy electron accelerators for industrial applications including the IMPELA(R) accelerator. (sterigenics.com)
  • Using lensing to steer an electron 'beam' between electrodes could be dramatically more efficient, solving one of the critical bottlenecks to achieving faster and more energy efficient electronics. (sciencedaily.com)
  • If that works to our satisfaction, we'll have on our hands a low-power, ultra-high-speed switching device for both analog (RF) and digital (CMOS) electronics, potentially mitigating many of the challenges we face with the high energy cost and thermal budget of present day electronics. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Using its novel carbon nanosheet technology, Luna Innovations will develop a Supercapacitor with the highest energy densities available in the microsecond to millisecond response times. (sbir.gov)
  • It was in a tiny sample under extremely high pressure, so don't start dismantling the world's energy infrastructure quite yet. (technologyreview.com)
  • Current modules include two rollers, high-energy IR, induction and a spray bagging system. (udel.edu)
  • A custom-built high-energy drop tower system is being used to test thick composite panels, fastener assemblies, and other components of vehicle structures. (udel.edu)
  • Huge amounts of energy are generated in this event, and matter just above the black hole is accelerated to tremendous speed. (syfy.com)
  • One of these was HESS ( High-Energy Spectroscopic System ). (syfy.com)
  • Because of the large electron interaction cross-sections and highly anisotropic scattering behavior, the track-structure method requires an enormous amount of computation time. (tamu.edu)
  • To be able to observe the behavior of the electrons, we need a camera that has a higher frame-rate than the speed of the electrons. (lu.se)
  • A team led by Cory Dean, assistant professor of physics at Columbia University, Avik Ghosh, professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Virginia, and James Hone, Wang Fong-Jen Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Columbia Engineering, has directly observed -- for the first time -- negative refraction for electrons passing across a boundary between two regions in a conducting material. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Additionally, when employed with the higher signal levels of conventional fluorescence imaging techniques, the extreme sensitivity of the EMCCD system allows the use of lower fluorophore concentrations and/or lower power levels from the excitation source, thereby reducing both the potential toxicity to living cells and photobleaching of the fluorescent probe. (fsu.edu)
  • While graphene has been widely explored for supporting high electron speed, it is notoriously hard to turn off the electrons without hurting their mobility. (sciencedaily.com)
  • However, III-V materials generally exhibits higher electron mobility compared to Si. (lu.se)
  • This array of magnets is called an undulator or a wiggler, because the Lorentz force of the field forces the electrons in the beam to wiggle transversely, traveling along a sinusoidal path about the axis of the undulator. (wikipedia.org)
  • They are steered by magnets that bend the electron beam into a circular track. (lu.se)
  • When the electrons travel forward in the storage ring, in the straight stretch before the beam pipe, they pass through a device of magnets called a wiggler. (lu.se)
  • A wiggler is made up of a lengthy series of magnets that cause the passing electrons to swing something like a slalom skier. (lu.se)
  • Jung H, Lee S, Liu Y, Jin X, David JPR & Krishna S (2023) High electric field characteristics of GaAsSb photodiodes on InP substrates . (sheffield.ac.uk)
  • This results in additional structures in the electron spectra, commonly known as sidebands. (azooptics.com)
  • Electric currents are flowing electric charges, most commonly made up of electrons. (technologyreview.com)
  • Understanding how a material's electrons interact with vibrations of its nuclear lattice could help design and control novel materials, from solar cells to high-temperature. (stanford.edu)
  • Electrical and computer engineers have directly observed -- for the first time -- negative refraction for electrons passing across a boundary between two regions in a conducting material. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Claude developed a method for separating cell components into different sizes, shapes, and densities using a centrifuge, a device that spins at high speeds, distributing the cell material in layers. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Superconductivity-in which electrons flow through a material without resistance-sounds impossible at first blush. (technologyreview.com)
  • One side effect of this high deposition rate with the vacuum is that the raw material is often vaporized at a high rate as well and this metal vapor condenses back into solid form on surfaces local to the process. (nasa.gov)
  • Luna Innovations Incorporated and CURBC (Calspan - University of Buffalo Research Center) are proposing to develop miniature, high-speed, high-temperature, fiber-optic pressure sensors that will fill the void that currently exists between ground and flight test instrumentation. (sbir.gov)
  • It's a landmark," says José Flores-Livas, a computational physicist at the Sapienza University of Rome, who creates models that explain high-temperature superconductivity and was not directly involved in the work. (technologyreview.com)
  • Then, in late 1986 and early 1987, a group of researchers at IBM's Zurich laboratory found that certain ceramic oxides can be superconductors at temperatures as high as 92 K-crucially, over the boiling temperature of liquid nitrogen, which is 77 K. This transformed the study of superconductivity, and its applications in things like hospital MRIs, because liquid nitrogen is cheap and easy to handle. (technologyreview.com)
  • Sciaky's EBAM technology is capable of depositing any autogenously weldable alloy available in wire-feedstock, including refractory materials often used for high temperature/speed applications. (nasa.gov)
  • Madey used a 43 MeV electron beam and 5 m long wiggler to amplify a signal. (wikipedia.org)
  • In an X-ray FEL the typical undulator wavelength of 1 cm is transformed to X-ray wavelengths on the order of 1 nm by γ {\displaystyle \gamma } ≈ 2000, i.e. the electrons have to travel with the speed of 0.9999998c. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike in optical materials," says Hone, "where creating a negative index metamaterial is a significant engineering challenge, negative electron refraction occurs naturally in solid state materials at any p-n junction. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Knife blade features electron beam weld joins materials together and spring backing steel for blade flexibility and non-dangerous shattering, sold as 50 per pack. (quill.com)
  • Within the last year, the facilities underwent a significant expansion and upgrade in three areas: high-performance computing, materials processing, and materials characterization. (udel.edu)
  • There are many instances where Monte Carlo simulation using the track-structure method for electron transport is necessary for the accurate analytical computation and estimation of dose and other tally data. (tamu.edu)
  • Because tungsten minerals have a high specific gravity, they can be beneficiated by gravity separation, usually by tabling. (cdc.gov)
  • Tungsten carbide is produced by heating tungsten metal powder and carbon black at high temperatures. (cdc.gov)
  • When the electron gun's cathode of barium oxide coated Tungsten is warmed to around 1000°C, electrons are released and become free flying. (lu.se)
  • Investigation of the aerosols produced by a high-speed, hand-held grinder using various substrates. (cdc.gov)
  • The bubbles enhanced the process, demonstrating how the environment can alter the speed at which a process occurs. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Use the pump to spin the electron fast! (lu.se)
  • This enables the realization of MOSFETs with higher operational speed or lower power consumption. (lu.se)
  • With the TMAG5170, engineers can achieve uncalibrated ultra-high precision at speeds up to 20kSPS for faster and more accurate real-time control in factory automation and motor-drive applications, according to the company. (circuitcellar.com)
  • Robotic tape placement of composites in dry, thermoset and thermoplastic formats enables precision control of fiber orientation for high-performance applications with the benefit to meet higher production rates. (udel.edu)