High mobility group nucleosome. Medical search. Frequent questions

High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) has been reported to be a potent proangiogenic factor induced by inflammatory stress. (molvis.org)
We show here that mammalian cells lacking High Mobility Group Box 1 protein (HMGB1) contain a reduced amount of core, linker and variant histones, and a correspondingly reduced number of nucleosomes. (refine.bio)
Yeast nhp6 mutants lacking NHP6A and B proteins, which are related to HMGB1, also have a reduced amount of histones and fewer nucleosomes. (refine.bio)
HMGB1 stabilizes nucleosomes and allows bending of DNA that facilitates gene transcription which is essential for individual survival. (assaygenie.com)
Human High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), previously known as HMG1 or amphoterin, is a member of the high mobility group box family of non- histone chromosomal proteins. (reliatech.de)
HMGB1 is expressed at high levels in almost all cells. (reliatech.de)
The aim of this study was to explore the expression as well as the clinical and prognostic need for high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in individual gliomas. (bibf1120.com)
High-mobility group container-1 (HMGB1) is certainly a nonhistone DNA-binding protein that's widely within tissues, like the center, liver organ, lung, lymph, spleen, brain and kidney. (bibf1120.com)
The features of HMGB1 consist of DNA binding, stabilizing the nucleosome and regulating transcription (5). (bibf1120.com)
Several studies have discovered that higher appearance degrees of HMGB1 are carefully connected with tumor proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and migration, aswell as anti-apoptotic results, and HMGB1 can attenuate the function of your body in monitoring tumor metastasis and invasion (6,7). (bibf1120.com)
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, an important mediator in late inflammatory responses, interacts with transmembrane receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) to activate downstream signaling pathways, such as the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway, leading to a cascade amplification of inflammatory responses, which are related to neuronal damage after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
Large mobility group package 1 (HMGB1) manifestation was assessed by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). (mycareerpeer.com)
High flexibility group package 1 (HMGB1), owned by high flexibility group proteins superfamily, can be a kind of non-histone is present in eukaryotic cells [24] widely. (mycareerpeer.com)
HMGB1 is present in the nucleus under regular situation primarily, using the function of keeping nucleosome structure, regulating DNA restoration and transcription through merging with DNA particular sites [25, 26]. (mycareerpeer.com)

Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, micrococcal nuclease digestion, and chromatin fractionation, we observed that there are fewer nucleosomes at the active BES and that these are irregularly spaced compared to silent BESs. (asm.org)

The structure of a nucleosome consists of a segment of DNA wound around eight histone proteins and resembles thread wrapped around a spool. (wikipedia.org)
Each nucleosome is composed of a little less than two turns of DNA wrapped around a set of eight proteins called histones, which are known as a histone octamer. (wikipedia.org)
Nucleosome positions in the genome are not random, and it is important to know where each nucleosome is located because this determines the accessibility of the DNA to regulatory proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Pioneering structural studies in the 1980s by Aaron Klug's group provided the first evidence that an octamer of histone proteins wraps DNA around itself in about 1.7 turns of a left-handed superhelix. (wikipedia.org)
The nucleosome core particle is composed of DNA and histone proteins. (wikipedia.org)
High mobility group B (HMGB) proteins have been previously related to the onset and progressions of cancers of different origins. (hindawi.com)
In addition to nucleosomes, chromatin contains non-histone chromatin-associated proteins, of which the high-mobility group proteins are the most abundant. (nature.com)
However, the order of events and the precise function of high-mobility group proteins during transcription initiation remain unclear. (nature.com)
Transcripts found in unfertilized oocytes also encoded a large number of proteins implicated in cell adherence, tight junction and focal adhesion, suggesting high complexity in terms of structure and cellular interactions in embryos prior to midblastula transition (MBT). (biomedcentral.com)
A hallmark of events observed during segmentation was the induction of multiple transcription factors, including a large group of homeobox proteins in pace with decay of a large fraction of maternal transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
Sometimes proteins have non-peptide groups attached, which can be called prosthetic groups or cofactors. (transectscience.org)
Such bending stabilizes nucleosome formation and regulates the expression of select genes upon recruitment by DNA binding proteins. (reliatech.de)
In view of its interaction with histones and non-nuclear histone proteins in the cell, extracellular DNA is likely to be bound with histones in the form of nucleosomes or chromatin. (frontiersin.org)
In addition to the amino-terminal tetramerisation domain, TBL1 contains a C-terminal WD40 domain that could potentially bind to histone tails and to intact nucleosomes, since such domains have been observed in this role in other proteins. (esrf.fr)
The function of specific proteins from this organism are the subject of intense scientific interest and have been used to derive basic understanding of the functioning similar proteins in higher eukaryotes. (lookformedical.com)

The role of the nucleosome as a regulator of transcription was demonstrated by Lorch et al. (wikipedia.org)
Here we show that high-mobility group AT-hook 2 protein (HMGA2) induces DNA nicks at the transcription start site, which are required by the histone chaperone FACT complex to incorporate nucleosomes containing the histone variant H2A.X. Further, phosphorylation of H2A.X at S139 (γ-H2AX) is required for repair-mediated DNA demethylation and transcription activation. (nature.com)
SRY-related high-mobility-group box 9 (SOX9) is a member of the SOX family of transcription factors. (cancerindex.org)
Genome-wide studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , for example, have revealed that promoters of most actively transcribed genes are depleted of nucleosomes and that histone density is inversely proportional to the transcription rate within coding regions, suggesting that nucleosomes are dynamically disassembled and reassembled at each passage of the polymerase ( 16 ). (asm.org)
Regulation of nucleosome density is therefore an important mechanism to enable the transcription machinery to access the DNA. (asm.org)
The basic unit of genome packaging is the nucleosome, and nucleosomes have long been proposed to restrict DNA accessibility both to damage and to transcription. (refine.bio)
Nucleosome limitation in both mammalian and yeast cells increases the sensitivity of DNA to damage, increases transcription globally, and the relative expression of about 10% of genes. (refine.bio)
on nucleosome mobility (3) and transcription (4). (healthweeks.com)
Because it participates in the formation of higher order chromatin constructions H1 is seen like a structural component related to chromatin compaction and inaccessibility to transcription factors and to RNA polymerase. (healthweeks.com)

A histone chaperone protein that plays a role in the deposition of NUCLEOSOMES on newly synthesized DNA. (lookformedical.com)
A histone chaperone that facilitates nucleosome assembly by mediating the formation of the histone octamer and its transfer to DNA. (lookformedical.com)

Nucleosomes are thought to carry epigenetically inherited information in the form of covalent modifications of their core histones. (wikipedia.org)
The nucleosome core particle consists of approximately 146 base pairs (bp) of DNA wrapped in 1.67 left-handed superhelical turns around a histone octamer, consisting of 2 copies each of the core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. (wikipedia.org)
Linker histones such as H1 and its isoforms are involved in chromatin compaction and sit at the base of the nucleosome near the DNA entry and exit binding to the linker region of the DNA. (wikipedia.org)
The structures of over 20 different nucleosome core particles have been solved to date, including those containing histone variants and histones from different species. (wikipedia.org)
The structure of the nucleosome core particle is remarkably conserved, and even a change of over 100 residues between frog and yeast histones results in electron density maps with an overall root mean square deviation of only 1.6Å. (wikipedia.org)
The major event of MBT was the activation of a large group of histones and other genes that modify chromatin structure preceding massive gene expression changes. (biomedcentral.com)
The decrease in nucleosomal occupancy is non-uniform, and our results can be modelled assuming that different nucleosomal sites compete for the available histones: sites with high affinity are almost always packaged into nucleosomes both in wt and nucleosome-depleted cells, whereas sites with low affinity are less frequently packaged in nucleosome-depleted cells. (refine.bio)
Enzymes that catalyze acyl group transfer from ACETYL-CoA to HISTONES forming CoA and acetyl-histones. (lookformedical.com)

In the nucleus it behaves as a DNA chaperone, sustains nucleosome dynamics and chromosomal stability, and contributes to telomere maintenance [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

Recombinant Human High Mobility Group Protein B1 is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Gly2-Glu215 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus. (assaygenie.com)

In mammalian cells, active and silent rDNA promoters are characterized by specific histone modifications, DNA methylation, and positioning of the promoter-bound nucleosome (reviewed in reference 22 ). (asm.org)
For each type of virus, what is known about the roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, and regulatory RNA in epigenetic regulation of the virus infection will be discussed. (mdpi.com)

A nucleosome is the basic structural unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes. (wikipedia.org)

Genome-wide nucleosome positioning maps are now available for many model organisms and human cells. (wikipedia.org)

Previous studies on the effect of H1 depletion on global gene manifestation have found no effect on the vast majority of genes but rather have recognized up- or down-regulation of small groups of genes (10 -13). (healthweeks.com)

We suggest that by modulating the occupancy of nucleosomes histone availability may constitute a novel layer of epigenetic regulation. (refine.bio)

Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of High Mobility Group AT Hook Protein 2 from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (lipidx.org)

To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were spiked with high concentrations of human HMGB-1 in various matrices and diluted with the Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay. (cusabio.com)

Nucleosomes were first observed as particles in the electron microscope by Don and Ada Olins in 1974, and their existence and structure (as histone octamers surrounded by approximately 200 base pairs of DNA) were proposed by Roger Kornberg. (wikipedia.org)
Non-condensed nucleosomes without the linker histone resemble "beads on a string of DNA" under an electron microscope. (wikipedia.org)
Coding regions of active rDNA were initially thought to be devoid of nucleosomes, as suggested by electron microscopy and psoralen cross-linking experiments ( 4 ). (asm.org)

The heterodimerisation of SMRT and GPS2 allows them to form a higher affinity complex with TBL1 than could be formed with either alone. (esrf.fr)

Histone equivalents and a simplified chromatin structure have also been found in Archaea, suggesting that eukaryotes are not the only organisms that use nucleosomes. (wikipedia.org)

In addition, the density and positioning of nucleosomes have also been linked to transcriptional regulation. (asm.org)

In contrast to most eukaryotic cells, mature sperm cells largely use protamines to package their genomic DNA, most likely to achieve an even higher packaging ratio. (wikipedia.org)

In yeast nhp6 cells the loss of more than one nucleosome in four does not affect the location of nucleosomes and their spacing, but nucleosomal occupancy. (refine.bio)

Partial DNAse digestion of chromatin reveals its nucleosome structure. (wikipedia.org)

In a hmo1 Δ (high mobility group family 1-deleted) yeast strain, deletion of FPR1 induced severe growth defects, which could be alleviated by increasing the copy number of RPL25 (ribosome protein of the large subunit 25), suggesting that RPL25 expression was affected in hmo1 Δ fpr1 Δ cells. (prolekarniky.cz)

Sera obtained following immunization neutralized every variant in a diverse HCVpp panel (n = 10), including those resistant to monovalent immunization, and at higher mean titers (1/ID(50) = 435) than a glycoprotein E2 (1/ID(50) =205) vaccine. (cdc.gov)

In addition to nucleosome wrapping, eukaryotic chromatin is further compacted by being folded into a series of more complex structures, eventually forming a chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, 38 cases of high-grade glioma (HGG) were recognized, including 16 cases of anaplastic astrocytoma, two cases of anaplastic ependymoma, three cases of malignant oligodendroglioma, 15 cases of glioblastoma. (bibf1120.com)

DNA must be compacted into nucleosomes to fit within the cell nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
As a group, these molecules can all migrate around the cell and variably appear in the nucleus and cytoplasm. (frontiersin.org)

8-11 A series of in vitro studies used reconstituted nucleosomes to demonstrate that Cas9/gRNA binding and cleaving are completely blocked at nucleosome-bound DNA. (aip.org)

High expression of CENPA, FOXM1, and MYBL2 is particularly observed in a subgroup of lung adenocarcinomas and is associated with poor patient survival. (prolekarniky.cz)

Each human cell contains about 30 million nucleosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human High Mobility Group AT Hook Protein 1 (HMGA1) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. (lipidx.org)
The human IL-2 Gene Promoter Can Assemble a Positioned Nucleosome That Becomes Remodeled Upon T Cell Activation. (edu.au)

These enzymes remove acetyl groups from histone tails causing chromatin condensation. (esrf.fr)

In 1997 the first near atomic resolution crystal structure of the nucleosome was solved by the Richmond group, showing the most important details of the particle. (wikipedia.org)
The human alpha satellite palindromic DNA critical to achieving the 1997 nucleosome crystal structure was developed by the Bunick group at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee. (wikipedia.org)
Adjacent nucleosomes are joined by a stretch of free DNA termed linker DNA (which varies from 10 - 80 bp in length depending on species and tissue type).The whole structure generates a cylinder of diameter 11 nm and a height of 5.5 nm. (wikipedia.org)

microRNA-183-3p Inhibits Progression of Human Prostate Cancer by Downregulating High-Mobility Group Nucleosome Binding Domain 5. (cancerindex.org)

Metabolically active cells, neutrophils, and macrophages from the immune system produce high levels of ROS. (hindawi.com)
Cancer cells demand high energy production to sustain their pathological increase in proliferation rate. (hindawi.com)
Compared with the BSA controls, the RGC-5 cells incubated with AGE-BSA showed a dose- and time-dependent increase in VEGF-A mRNA and VEGF-A protein secretion in the supernatant, with the highest levels achieved at 24 h. (molvis.org)
However, nucleosome number in cells was considered fixed, and no condition was described where nucleosome number was reduced. (refine.bio)

Towards the right-center among the coils, a prosthetic group called a home group (shown in gray) with a bound oxygen molecule (red). (transectscience.org)

rDNA coding regions are also depleted of nucleosomes, relative to the rDNA spacer. (asm.org)

Nucleosome core particles are observed when chromatin in interphase is treated to cause the chromatin to unfold partially. (wikipedia.org)
The string is the DNA, while each bead in the nucleosome is a core particle. (wikipedia.org)
Because DNA portions of nucleosome core particles are less accessible for DNAse than linking sections, DNA gets digested into fragments of lengths equal to multiplicity of distance between nucleosomes (180, 360, 540 base pairs etc. (wikipedia.org)

In general, MIH assigns low weights to differences occurring at high entropy positions or at dependent positions. (cdc.gov)

With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology, a considerable number of lncRNAs have been identified as novel biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of cancer patients and/or therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. (bvsalud.org)

Tetramerisation in solution was confirmed by comparing the mobility of wild-type protein and protein with a mutation at the tetramer interface on a size exclusion column. (esrf.fr)

Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. (mdpi.com)

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