OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaHealth Care
MalathionInsecticidesInsecticide ResistanceLice InfestationsParathionPropoxurPermethrinPediculusThiomalatesForensic SciencesMethyl ParathionPesticidesOrganothiophosphorus CompoundsOrganothiophosphatesOrganophosphorus CompoundsLepidiumScalp DermatosesDimethoateDDTFenitrothionMosquito ControlLethal Dose 50Organophosphate PoisoningDiazinonCulexAnophelesPiperonyl ButoxidePyrethrins
PesticidesInsecticidesLindaneToxicityPesticideAreas where malathionDiazinonResiduesConcentrationsPermethrinDeltamethrinDiacidExposureOrganophosphorusMosquitoesCarcinogenOrganophosphatesDosesContaminationUrineDoseBiochemicalAcephateIngestionPopulationsSusceptibilityCholinesterase levelAmountsToxicHazardsExposuresAdultsMedianUndetectable levelsAerialSerumInhalationAgriculturalTemperatureResultsFarmersPrevalenceFoundGenotoxicityIncreasesSecondaryEnvironmentalThresholdLiceCapacitiesRiskChronicHealthAntibodySpecificity
Pesticides20
  • Malathion reacts with strong oxidizers, magnesium and alkaline pesticides. (cdc.gov)
  • Experts suggest that malathion and other organophosphate pesticides are harmful because they reduce the metabolism of glutathione, your body's most important natural antioxidant. (naturalnews.com)
  • In India, soft drinks were found contaminated with high levels of pesticides and insecticides, including lindane, DDT, malathion and chlorpyrifos. (wikipedia.org)
  • Researchers at the New Delhi based Centre for Science and Environment have found alarmingly high levels of pesticides in blood samples of villagers in Punjab, the showpiece state of India's green revolution. (indiatogether.org)
  • The levels of certain persistent organochlorine pesticides in the samples were astounding: 15-605 times higher than those found in blood samples of people in the United States, tested by the US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in 2003. (indiatogether.org)
  • A recent study reported in Environmental Health Perspectives found that by substituting organic fresh fruits and vegetables for corresponding conventional food items, the median urinary metabolite concentrations of malathion and chlorpyrifos pesticides could be reduced from a high level to a level of non-detected or close to non-detected. (organicconsumers.org)
  • The results revealed widespread contamination of tap water with many different pesticides at levels that present serious health risks. (organicconsumers.org)
  • Flow through tests using water spiked with the pesticides atrazine (32 mg/L) and malathion (16 mg/L) indicated maximum adsorptive capacities of 641 and 591 mg pollutant/g carbon, respectively. (soton.ac.uk)
  • But an explosive new investigation by the Cornucopia Institute ( www.Cornucopia.org ) - the same group that exposed the widespread use of hexane solvents in soy protein - is set to send shockwaves through the "natural" products industry by revealing which so-called "natural" brands actually contain high levels GMOs and toxic chemical pesticides. (thehealersjournal.com)
  • Insecticide resistance may partially be related to the use of pesticides in agriculture, while the level and mechanisms of resistance might differ between agricultural practices. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A U.S. research team from Emory University in Atlanta analyzed urine samples from children ages three to 11 who ate only organic foods and found that they contained virtually no metabolites of two common pesticides, malathion and chlorpyrifos. (bcwriters.com)
  • Each new product from her line has a pesticide report document that shows the levels of pesticides. (mamavation.com)
  • All the populations were highly susceptible to other pesticides tested i.e., malathion, fenitrothion, bromophos, propoxur and deltamethrin. (inra.fr)
  • The press release also charges that "claims by activist groups about unsafe levels of pesticides have been widely reported in the media for many years" and "continued media coverage of this misleading information is damaging to producers of California specialty crops and may also have a negative impact on public health. (sott.net)
  • It points out that environmental and occupational exposures to pesticides are often much higher than dietary exposures (i.e. a farmworker who works among fields where pesticides were sprayed is exposed to more pesticides than the average person who eats fruits and vegetables that were grown using pesticides) and that there are relatively few studies in existence that focus specifically on dietary exposure to pesticides. (sott.net)
  • The study found that the levels of organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos and malathion corresponded to changes in fresh produce consumption throughout the year. (sott.net)
  • One sample of non-organic green beans had acephate at a level 500 times greater than the limit set by the EPA," said Alexis Temkin, a senior toxicologist at the EWG with expertise in toxic chemicals and pesticides. (tadalafde.com)
  • Their systemic activity as pesticides is similar, but the D form shows higher contact activity as an araricide. (inchem.org)
  • What had once been a purely intermittent event was now a continual, low-level outbreak kept barely in check by pesticides. (rifters.com)
  • RÉSUMÉ Une intervention éducative culturellement adaptée a été mise au point à l'intention des familles d'agriculteurs du gouvernorat de Menoufia (Égypte) afin de leur permettre d'améliorer leurs connaissances et leurs pratiques en ce qui concerne la protection de leurs enfants contre l'exposition aux pesticides. (who.int)
Insecticides5
Lindane2
  • Levels of Lindane, a restricted pesticide in India, were 605 times higher than those found in the US population. (indiatogether.org)
  • These authors reviewed 147 studies that assessed treatment failure of scabies with permethrin, ivermectin, crotamiton, benzyl benzoate, malathion, sulfur, or lindane, and they performed a random-effects meta-analysis for all outcomes reported by at least 2 studies. (practiceupdate.com)
Toxicity11
  • by the dose (how much), the The main target of malathion toxicity is form and a brownish-yellow liquid with a Oral - Predominant route of exposure duration (how long), and the the nervous system. (cdc.gov)
  • Malathion is rapidly absorbed by ingestion and through intact skin and the eyes, resulting in acute systemic toxicity. (cdc.gov)
  • The hydrocarbon solvents (most commonly toluene and xylene) used to dissolve malathion are more volatile than malathion itself, and toxicity can result from inhalation of solvent vapor as well. (cdc.gov)
  • Malathion is irritating to the skin and eyes, and is readily absorbed through intact skin, contributing to systemic toxicity. (cdc.gov)
  • Systemic malathion toxicity due to excess cholinergic stimulation may result from all routes of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Organophosphorus compounds, including malathion, are well known for their mechanism of toxicity in living organisms through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, with subsequent accumulation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and activation of both cholinergic muscarinic and cholinergic nicotinic receptors. (springeropen.com)
  • Malathion shows a relatively high toxicity to fish. (eventer.com)
  • Toxicity hazard of organophosphate insecticide malathion identified by in vitro methods. (nel.edu)
  • Local and systemic toxicity data for birds are rare, but a decrease of wild bird densities in areas where malathion was applied was reported. (nel.edu)
  • Aim of the study was to extend knowledge on malathion toxicity on cellular and organ level and to evaluate embryotoxicity and genotoxicity for birds using the chick embryo model HET-CAM. (nel.edu)
  • Jira D, Janousek S, Pikula J, Vitula F, Kejlova K. Toxicity hazard of organophosphate insecticide malathion identified by in vitro methods. (nel.edu)
Pesticide10
  • Malathion is an organophosphate pesticide. (cdc.gov)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) has categorized malathion as a "probable carcinogen," and data from animal studies has linked the pesticide to birth defects and certain kinds of cancer. (naturalnews.com)
  • Malathion is also used for mosquito control in recreational areas and as a household pesticide for ant control. (naturalnews.com)
  • However, a significant number of cancer patients had high levels of pesticide in their blood", says Bhushan. (indiatogether.org)
  • Extensive pesticide residue testing by the USDA found that conventionally produced fruits and vegetables are three to over four times more likely to contain pesticide residues than organic produce, and these are eight to eleven times more likely to contain multiple residues and residues at levels three to ten times higher than corresponding residues found in organic samples. (organicconsumers.org)
  • Pesticide levels increased five-fold in the children's urine as soon as conventional foods were reintroduced to their diet. (enviroalternatives.com)
  • However, once the children returned to eating conventionally grown foods, concentrations of these pesticide metabolites quickly climbed as high as 263 parts per billion, says the study published Feb. 21. (bcwriters.com)
  • A recent study by the U.S. Department of Agriculture found that, even after washing, 12 fruits and vegetables, dubbed the dirty dozen, have consistently higher levels of pesticide residue. (bcwriters.com)
  • Nearly 65% of the foods on the list had no detectable levels of pesticide. (tadalafde.com)
  • It's different from previous studies that focused on pesticide poisoning or high dose exposures, for example when large amounts of a chemical were accidentally spilled on the skin," said Freya Kamel, Ph.D., a researcher for the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). (texasorganicresearchcenter.org)
Areas where malathion1
  • People living near areas where malathion down into malaoxon in the liver. (cdc.gov)
Diazinon2
Residues1
  • Malathion residues are often detected in foods but this level of exposure is not of concern. (cdc.gov)
Concentrations4
  • Malathion has a garlic-like odor, which does not provide adequate warning of hazardous concentrations. (cdc.gov)
  • The odor threshold of malathion is very close (13.5 mg/m³) to the OSHA PEL (15 mg/m³) and may not provide adequate warning of hazardous concentrations . (cdc.gov)
  • Water spiked with organic contaminants, both at environmentally relevant concentrations and at high levels of contamination, was used to determine the purification limits of the filter. (soton.ac.uk)
  • We then exposed the emerging adult females to discriminating concentrations of bendiocarb (0.1%), deltamethrin (0.05%), DDT (4%) and malathion (5%) using the standard World Health Organization insecticide susceptibility test. (biomedcentral.com)
Permethrin2
  • reached resistance level to lambda-cyhalothrin and permethrin and were sensitive to bendiocarb, malathion, and chlorpyrifos. (bmsw.net.cn)
  • Conclusion There is a high population density of dengue vector Aedes in Yunnan border region, and they have developed resistance to both lambda-cyhalothrin and permethrin. (bmsw.net.cn)
Deltamethrin2
  • s.l. populations from all six agricultural sites were resistant to bendiocarb, deltamethrin and DDT, while the populations from the two vegetable cultivation sites were additionally resistant to malathion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both the strains were equally susceptible to DDT, malathion and deltamethrin. (inra.fr)
Diacid2
  • The anhydride of the diacid metabolite of malathion (MMA) coupled to KLH elicited MMA-specific IgE following secondary immunization with 10 and 100 ug and tertiary immunizations with 1, 10, and 100 ug of conjugate. (usu.edu)
  • URXMAL Malathion Diacid was a new component in the 2015-2016 survey cycle. (cdc.gov)
Exposure9
  • Exposure to malathion predominantly about the fate of inhaled malathion. (cdc.gov)
  • levels of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Inhalation is not a significant route of exposure to malathion at ordinary temperatures because of its low volatility, but toxic effects can occur after inhalation of malathion sprays or dusts. (cdc.gov)
  • Dermal exposure constitutes a major route of exposure during and following malathion application to fields and following aerial spraying for pest control and residential use. (cdc.gov)
  • Data from animal studies have previously revealed that exposure to malathion increases markers of kidney injury, like levels of serum creatinine and urea. (naturalnews.com)
  • Study results revealed that malathion exposure was linked to a significant 25 percent increase in CKD in the United States. (naturalnews.com)
  • The impact of chemical contaminants on consumer health and well-being is often apparent only after many years of processing and prolonged exposure at low levels (e.g., cancer). (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies on animals have shown that even a single, low-level exposure to certain organophosphates, during particular times of early brain development, can cause permanent changes in brain chemistry. (indiatogether.org)
  • Address: Department of Occupational and Environmen- ment, employers were required to monitor the exposure levels of tal Health, Yongin University, 470 Samgadong, Cheoingu, Yonginsi, South Korea. (cdc.gov)
Organophosphorus2
  • Learning and memory retention deficits in prepubertal guinea pigs prenatally exposed to low levels of the organophosphorus insecticide malathion. (nih.gov)
  • High doses of malathion, an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide ubiquitously used in agriculture, residential settings, and public health programs worldwide, induce a well-defined toxidrome that results from the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). (nih.gov)
Mosquitoes2
  • WEE virus transmission is at a high level, as reflected by isolations from Culex tarsalis mosquitoes in parts of Arizona, California, Minnesota, and North Dakota. (cdc.gov)
  • Levels of acetylcholinesterase, non-specific esterases, glutathione-S-transferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquitoes inoculated intrathoracally with Chikungunya virus were elevated, as compared to uninoculated control insects. (inra.fr)
Carcinogen1
  • Despite being classified as a probable carcinogen, malathion is licensed for agricultural and domestic use on fruits and vegetables. (naturalnews.com)
Organophosphates1
  • Furthermore, when the children switched to organic food, the levels of organophosphates in their urine and saliva quickly dropped to undetectable or nearly undetectable levels. (sott.net)
Doses1
  • increases in progeny and thus higher damage in beans, as manifested effects of sublethal doses only in malathion treated bean. (ac.rs)
Contamination3
  • Persons whose skin or clothing is contaminated with liquid or powdered malathion can cause secondary contamination by direct contact. (cdc.gov)
  • Some of the "natural" items tested by the Cornucopia Institute showed GMO contamination levels between 28 and 100 %, which means the key ingredients in those cereals are most definitely genetically engineered from the source (and it's not just a chance contamination from some other nearby field). (thehealersjournal.com)
  • Foods that test free of GMOs today may contain higher levels tomorrow due to supply line errors, contamination, supply source changes, and so on. (thehealersjournal.com)
Urine2
  • Detection in occurs through ingestion of Once absorbed, malathion can distribute urine must be within a few days of Malathion contaminated food or water. (cdc.gov)
  • During those five days, researchers saw the toxins malathion and chlorpyrifos in the children's urine completely disappear. (enviroalternatives.com)
Dose4
  • Children exposed to the same levels of malathion as adults may receive a larger dose because they have greater lung surface area:body weight ratios and higher minute volume:weight ratios. (cdc.gov)
  • Cptafol produced DTH responses at both dose levels tested. (usu.edu)
  • The present study tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposures to a non-AChE-inhibiting dose of malathion are causally related to sex-biased cognitive deficits later in life in a precocial species. (nih.gov)
  • This malathion dose regimen caused no significant AChE inhibition in the brain or blood of dams and offspring and had no significant effect on the postnatal growth of the offspring. (nih.gov)
Biochemical1
  • NAC treatment significantly attenuated all the previously mentioned biochemical, molecular, and histopathological alterations induced by malathion. (springeropen.com)
Acephate1
Ingestion1
  • Acute toxic effects, including rapidly fatal systemic poisoning, can result from ingestion of high amounts of malathion. (cdc.gov)
Populations3
  • In contrast, CYP6M2 , CYP6P3 , CYP6P4 , CYP6Z1 and CYP9K1 , previously associated with metabolic insecticide resistance, showed the highest expression levels in the populations from rice-growing sites compared to the susceptible Kisumu reference strain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Results of topical application of DDT on these four populations supported these findings by showing comparatively higher LD50 values at adult stages in comparison with the laboratory population. (inra.fr)
  • In the western U.S., the European earwig has two or more generations per year, and populations tend to build to their highest densities in mid to late summer. (usu.edu)
Susceptibility1
  • Malathion bioassays indicated a reduction in the susceptibility of experimentally injected insects with virus or virus-free inoculum, compared to non-inoculated controls. (inra.fr)
Cholinesterase level2
  • The mean APACHE II score was 17.4 +/- 7.4 and it correlated with mortality, severity of OPP, length of MV, and cholinesterase level. (nih.gov)
  • With higher dosage levels the plasma cholinesterase level remained stationary but cellular enzyme activity decreased (Dubost et al. (inchem.org)
Amounts2
  • in urban/residential or nonresidential derived for intermediate-duration amounts of malathion. (cdc.gov)
  • The amounts of the 17 chemicals in the fifty-one source water samples were all fewer than the Chinese surface water quality standard's standard limit levels. (jenvoh.com)
Toxic3
  • Malathion is generally not classified as toxic. (nel.edu)
  • Cytotoxicity in vitro test provided LD50 value of 616 mg/kg suggesting higher toxic potential than is generally published based on in vivo tests on laboratory rodents. (nel.edu)
  • Using in vitro alternative toxicological methods, a higher toxic potential of malathion was demonstrated than is generally declared. (nel.edu)
Hazards2
Exposures1
  • However, prenatal exposures to malathion levels that are below the threshold for AChE inhibition have been associated with increased risks of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder with intellectual disability comorbidity. (nih.gov)
Adults1
  • In 2003, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and the National Center for Health Statistics designed the first community-level version of the NHANES - the New York City HANES - to determine the prevalence and control of health status indicators among adults residing in New York City. (cdc.gov)
Median1
  • Malathion was detected on clothing (median=0.13 μ g/cm 2 ), but not on skin. (nature.com)
Undetectable levels1
  • An inevitable side effect of AAS abuse is suppression of order British Dragon products gonadotropin production, mostly to undetectable levels, and subsequent shutdown of testicular testosterone production. (eventer.com)
Aerial1
  • aerial spraying of malathion has been initiated in a 29-county area of west-central and northwestern Minnesota. (cdc.gov)
Serum3
  • Threshold levels of serum and red blood cell cholinesterase for successful weaning from MV were 2,900 U/l and 7,500 U/l, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • Ever since it was realized that the proportions of free testosterone and estradiol in blood samples are inversely related to those of SHBG (Anderson 1974), serum SHBG and testosterone measurements have been used in algorithms to calculate free testosterone levels in patients with suspected hyperandrogenism or hypoandrogenism (Vermeulen. (eventer.com)
  • FABP leaks, due to its small size, rapidly out of is chemically damaged dying cells leading to a rise in serum levels. (thermofisher.com)
Inhalation1
  • Because malathion has a low vapor pressure, significant inhalation is unlikely at ordinary temperatures. (cdc.gov)
Agricultural1
  • Malathion is widely used as an agricultural insecticide. (cdc.gov)
Temperature2
Results4
  • Our results showed highly uniform LB films could be transferred onto gold substrates and were highly sensitive to dichloromethane and chloroform vapors with a high response and short recovery time. (researchgate.net)
  • The results show that there is very high frequency of insecticide resistance in the study area and calls for a need for insecticide resistance management strategies to be implemented in the area. (emtoscipublisher.com)
  • The results showed that the dosage levels of vamidothion sulfoxide used had no untoward effect on treated animals, in particular on fertility or reproductive activity of rats. (inchem.org)
  • The districts' and agencies' results lives per year and afflicts as many as half control interventions at the operational were aggregated by province and region a billion people living in 109 countries level [8]. (who.int)
Farmers2
  • one, called malathion , was used by 67% of the tens of thousands of farmers surveyed. (voteyesmaui.org)
  • I asked whether farmers were likely to simply have higher levels of depression than the norm, given the difficulties of the job - long hours, low wages, a lack of power due to government interference, that kind of thing - and, according to Kamel, that wasn't a problem at all. (voteyesmaui.org)
Prevalence2
  • The overall prevalence of treatment failure was 15.2%, with the Western Pacific Region demonstrating the highest prevalence. (practiceupdate.com)
  • Few state or local health agencies have accurate local- level information on the prevalence of the leading causes of Conclusion morbidity and mortality. (cdc.gov)
Found2
  • A study published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health found that malathion , the most popular organophosphate insecticide in the U.S., significantly increases the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) . (naturalnews.com)
  • The highest PCA titers (geometric means of 208 and 195) were found after three immunizations with 10 or 100 ug of conjugate, respectively. (usu.edu)
Genotoxicity1
  • The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effects of NAC against malathion-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, immunotoxicity, inflammation, and acetylcholinestrase alteration in rats. (springeropen.com)
Increases1
  • Malathion undeniably "increases the risk of low kidney function in the general US population," concluded Osborne. (naturalnews.com)
Secondary1
  • Anteroposterior x-ray from a 28-year old woman who presented with congestive heart failure secondary to her chronic hypertension, or high blood pressure. (medscape.com)
Environmental1
  • Health conditions examined included choles- design and participation rates of the New York City Health terol levels, diabetes status, blood pressure, environmental and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2004. (cdc.gov)
Threshold1
  • In spinosad treated bean we recorded low levels of progeny and damage, below the economic threshold. (ac.rs)
Lice2
  • You could also be exposed to malathion if you use products used to treat fleas and ticks on pets and some treatments for head lice. (naturalnews.com)
  • It is safe to re-apply it after 2 weeks, and you will be keeping the concentration of Advantage nice and high in order to zap the newly hatched lice as soon as they emerge. (alexisfraser.com)
Capacities1
  • The SPH Portal is an interactive digital platform that facilitates the sharing and exchange of information regarding multisectoral health security investments, activities, and capacities at national, regional, and global levels. (who.int)
Risk3
  • Views differ as to the level of risk it poses to the inadvertent consumer. (wikipedia.org)
  • only the cancer risk values of sites 4, 13, 19, 23, 38, and 40 were higher than the 1 × 10 -6 , indicating that the health risk posed by the target compounds in the majority of source water sites was within acceptable limits. (jenvoh.com)
  • The NHANES II sample was selected so that certain population groups thought to be at high risk of malnutrition (persons with low incomes, preschool children and the elderly) were oversampled. (cdc.gov)
Chronic2
  • To describe the clinical features of organophosphate poisoning (OPP), to evaluate the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score as an alternative index for measuring OPP severity, and to assess cholinesterase levels for predicting successful weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV). (nih.gov)
  • The enlarged cardiac silhouette on this image is due to congestive heart failure due to the effects of chronic high blood pressure on the left ventricle. (medscape.com)
Health4
  • This damage can cause wastes to build up in the body, leading to health issues like heart disease, high levels of potassium in the blood, pulmonary edema, seizures and irreversible kidney damage. (naturalnews.com)
  • Study co-author Nicholas Osborne, an associate professor at the Queensland University School of Public Health , reported that there was evidence of altered kidney function in individuals people exposed to malathion. (naturalnews.com)
  • This in turn creates a higher level of fitness, health, and state of mind which will eventually promote us into a higher level of consciousness. (bcwriters.com)
  • National Center for Health Statistics designed the sectional survey of adult residents of New York City, using first community-level version of the NHANES -- the a three-stage cluster sampling plan (Figure). (cdc.gov)
Antibody2
  • The groups that received 1 ug of 2,4-D conjugate had the highest antibody titers (geometric mean of 60). (usu.edu)
  • The test must be repeated 1 to 3 weeks later to check for an increase in the antibody level. (msdmanuals.com)
Specificity2
  • An APACHE II score of 26 or higher was predictive of mortality, with 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity. (nih.gov)
  • Fatty acid binding proteins (FABP) are small (approximately 13-14 kDa) intracellular proteins with a high degree of tissue specificity. (thermofisher.com)