Heterogeneity cell size. Medical search. Frequent questions

In contrast to monolayer cultures, however, the spheroid structures that are formed when ESCs aggregate enables the non-adherent culture of EBs in suspension, making EB cultures inherently scalable, which is useful for bioprocessing approaches, whereby large yields of cells can be produced for potential clinical applications. (wikipedia.org)
However, despite having the promising outcome of preclinical studies, the clinical application of stem cell therapy remained elusive due to little or no progress in clinical trials. (hindawi.com)
The objective of this study was to provide a generalized critique for the role of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke injury, its underlying mechanisms, and constraints on its preclinical and clinical applications. (hindawi.com)
Thus, we attempted to present an overview of previously published reports to evaluate the progress and provide molecular basis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy and its application in preclinical and clinical settings, which could aid in designing an effective regenerative therapeutic strategy in the future. (hindawi.com)
However, effective dose and appropriate time of MSCs delivery are the main challenges in the clinical translation of stem cell therapy. (hindawi.com)
We aim to provide the basis for establishing a future study to promote the clinical translation of stem cell therapy in ischemic brain diseases. (hindawi.com)
Emerging single-cell sequencing technologies will undoubtedly enhance our understanding of the complex biology of pancreatic cancer and pave the way for new directions in its clinical diagnosis and treatment. (frontiersin.org)
Heterogeneity of therapy outcomes can be explained by distributions of model parameters, which can be estimated on the basis of clinical survival data. (nih.gov)
A study presented today at the IASLC World Conference on Lung Cancer 2022 in Vienna disclosed the clinical-relevant intertumoural heterogeneity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) driven by MET exon 14 skipping. (ecancer.org)
Recent clinical trials of MET selective TKIs displayed encouraging clinical efficacy but nearly half of NSCLC patients with MET exon 14 skipping did not benefit from MET-TKI treatment, which indicated biological heterogeneity in NSCLCs driven by METex14 skipping. (ecancer.org)
Subtype A was significantly associated with more aggressive clinical characteristics (more advanced stage, larger tumour size, and higher percentage of invasive morphology) and numerically shorter disease-free survival (P=0.057). (ecancer.org)
This study disclosed the clinical-relevant intertumoural heterogeneity of NSCLCs driven by MET exon 14 skipping. (ecancer.org)
While the idea to use a cancer patient's tumor cells to fight against the tumor is not novel on its own, Exley added, "There are ways in which this is quite radically different, and that explains the substantially better looking clinical data that we've got as well as all the preclinical data we have that looks very positive. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Cell separation is a powerful technique and an indispensable tool for basic and clinical research applications. (bdbiosciences.com)
Innovative automated cell Imaging and Analysis solutions for use in cytology, cytogenetic, pathology clinical and research laboratories. (bioview.com)
To reveal the risk factors, the symptom distribution characteristics, the clinical values of white blood cell counts (WBC counts), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) combined with depression and/or anxiety. (dovepress.com)
For the first time, researchers were able to find enough viable tumor cells, in an efficient manner, to make a meaningful clinical impact. (urotoday.com)
The clinical uses for these kinds of cells will be the subject of an entire generation of research. (urotoday.com)
Perivascular heterogeneity in clinical samples, and associations with other tumor features and outcome, remain largely unknown.Here we report a novel method for digital quantitative analyses of vessel characteristics and PC, which was applied to two collections of human metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).Initial analyses identified marker-defined subsets of PC, including cells expressing PDGFR-β or α-SMA or both markers. (lu.se)
Pre-clinical evidence suggests a role for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), thus here we aimed to explore the transcriptomic profile using RNA sequencing in PBMCs in a clinical sample of people with various levels of depression and treatment response comparing it with that in healthy controls (HCs). (cam.ac.uk)
Future work should expand clinical sample sizes and reduce clinical heterogeneity. (cam.ac.uk)
The biological properties and clinical potential of stem cells elicit that are generated must not be unduly sensitive to small fluctu- continued scientific, commercial, and public interest. (lu.se)
in Pearson syndrome, mutations occur in hematopoietic cells, explaining the different clinical phenotypes. (medscape.com)
Neither size nor location of the deletion alone determines clinical phenotype. (medscape.com)

RETROFIT outperforms existing reference-based methods in estimating cell type proportions and reconstructing gene expressions in simulations with varying spot size and sample heterogeneity, irrespective of the quality or availability of the single-cell reference. (bioconductor.org)

Another characteristic architectural feature found in many of these tumors is a pseudoalveolar pattern in which cells are arranged in alveolae with central cellular discohesion (see the fourth image below). (medscape.com)
Single-cell sequencing is a high-throughput technique that enables detection of genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic information at the individual cell level, offering significant advantages in detecting cellular heterogeneity, precise cell classification, and identifying rare subpopulations. (frontiersin.org)
In summary, we deciphered the cellular heterogeneity and the molecular dynamics during fibrocartilage differentiation. (elifesciences.org)
Testing of IgG autoantibodies to human cellular antigens was performed by the HEp-2 cell immunofluorescence assay using slides from INOVA Diagnostics, San Diego, CA (Cat # 508100) following the manufacturer's instructions and evaluated primarily using their NOVA View system. (cdc.gov)
Two studies show how the omega-3 index relates to red blood cell distribution and measures cellular integrity, and how omega-3s support a balanced immune system. (prohealth.com)
The first discussed how the Omega-3 Index relates to red blood cell (RBC) distribution width (a measure of cellular integrity) and the second explored the relationship between the Omega-3 Index and a balanced immune system. (prohealth.com)
These resources of unavoidable variation improve the issue of whether a couple of cellular systems that might action to improve size homogeneity. (bioskinrevive.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)

Clonal microbial populations often harbor rare phenotypic variants that are typically hidden within the majority of the remaining cells, but are crucial for the population's resilience to external perturbations ( Lidstrom and Konopka 2010, Nature Chemical Biology 6: 705 ). (exeter.ac.uk)
Persister and viable but non-culturable (VBNC) cells are two important clonal bacterial subpopulations that can survive antibiotic treatment. (exeter.ac.uk)
Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of VBNC cells requires the characterization of the clonal population with single-cell resolution. (exeter.ac.uk)
Our approach will allow the identification of novel biomarkers for the isolation of VBNC and persister cells and will open new opportunities to map the detailed biochemical makeup of these clonal subpopulations. (exeter.ac.uk)
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow microenvironment. (snmjournals.org)
These findings demonstrate that ibrutinib therapy has the potential to lead to clonal selection and expansion of rare cell populations already present at the time of treatment initiation. (nih.gov)

And, we furtherly performed single-cell spatial transcriptomic sequencing on postnatal day 1 mouse enthesis, in order to deconvolute bone-tendon junction (BTJ) chondrocytes onto spatial spots. (elifesciences.org)
The purpose of modeling the spatial and interannual variability of water budget components at the regional scale is to evaluate the PASS model's ability to bridge a large grid cell of a climate model with its subgrid-scale variation. (ametsoc.org)
Knoche, M.: Spatial heterogeneity of flesh-cell osmotic potential in sweet cherry affects partitioning of absorbed water. (uni-hannover.de)
H2O and D2O partitioning following uptake is non-uniform and related to the spatial heterogeneity in the osmotic potential of mesocarp cells. (uni-hannover.de)
a conceptual heterogeneity pattern is used to control the spatial distribution of core and log data. (onepetro.org)

A greater number of alveolar macrophages produced TNF-α compared to autologous monocytes in sarcoidosis but not in controls and, based on cell size, it was confirmed that this was the product of more mature macrophages and that the secretion of TNF-α by monocytes and macrophages was heterogeneous: not all monocytes and macrophages secrete TNF-α. (ersjournals.com)
Subtype C was categorised as immune activation phenotype which also displayed higher infiltration of T cells and macrophages as well as a higher level of MHC II signatures. (ecancer.org)
Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodelling without influencing infarct size. (elifesciences.org)
In summary, resident macrophages orchestrate inflammatory responses improving cardiac remodelling, while recruited macrophages determine infarct size after I/R injury. (elifesciences.org)
Using state-of-the-art fate-mapping models and genetic and pharmacological targeting approaches, the authors provide solid evidence that the absence of resident macrophages do not influence infarct size but instead alter the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury. (elifesciences.org)
Macrophages within the tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibit a spectrum of protumor and antitumor functions, yet it is unclear how the TME regulates this macrophage heterogeneity. (aacrjournals.org)
Here, we demonstrate two-photon autofluorescence imaging of NAD(P)H and FAD to nondestructively resolve spatiotemporal metabolic heterogeneity of individual macrophages within 3D microscale TME models. (aacrjournals.org)
To quantify metabolic dynamics of macrophages within the TME, mouse macrophages or human monocytes (RAW264.7 or THP-1) were cultured alone or with breast cancer cells (mouse polyoma-middle T virus or primary human IDC) in 3D microfluidic platforms. (aacrjournals.org)

EBs are differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies comprising the three embryonic germ layers. (wikipedia.org)
Similar to ESCs cultured in monolayer formats, ESCs within embryoid bodies undergo differentiation and cell specification along the three germ lineages - endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm - which comprise all somatic cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, the three-dimensional structure, including the establishment of complex cell adhesions and paracrine signaling within the EB microenvironment, enables differentiation and morphogenesis which yields microtissues that are similar to native tissue structures. (wikipedia.org)
When cultured as single cells in the absence of anti-differentiation factors, ESCs spontaneously aggregate to form EBs. (wikipedia.org)
Ultimately, the methods used for EB formation may impact the heterogeneity of EB populations, in terms of aggregation kinetics, EB size and yield, as well as differentiation trajectories. (wikipedia.org)
EB differentiation begins with the specification of the exterior cells toward the primitive endoderm phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
We successfully identified LEPR hi CD45 low BM-MSCs within the CD271 + BM-MNC population, and further codified the BM-MSCs into distinct subpopulations corresponding to the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation trajectories, as well as terminal-stage quiescent cells. (ijbs.com)
While this appears to downgrade the issue of cell size and only proliferative potential it increases the curious issue of how cells of the common cell type obtain such a even size Picroside I Picroside I yet can handle changing their size by purchases of magnitude during differentiation or in response to physiological stimuli. (bioskinrevive.com)
Such an activity could decrease heterogeneity through the elimination of cells that deviate broadly from the indicate through cell loss of life or differentiation. (bioskinrevive.com)
Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)

To examine this further, Dr Yuchen Han, Shanghai Chest Hospital, China, aimed to disclose the intertumoural heterogeneity of METex14 skipping positive NSCLCs at the functional level. (ecancer.org)
Type 1 diabetes results from the poorly understood process of islet autoimmunity, which ultimately leads to the loss of functional pancreatic beta cells. (springer.com)
We advance the hypothesis that antigen presentation by beta cells, their stress responses and functional heterogeneity are critical factors that will provide clues towards solving the enigma posed by islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
Functional malignant cell heterogeneity in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors revealed by targeting of PDGF-DD. (lu.se)

The heterogeneity of biological cell populations often necessitates separation of individual cell types for deeper investigation. (bdbiosciences.com)

Such development pattern shares an overlapping biological behavior with the growth plate, which is a process of mesenchymal stem cells differentiating into chondrogenic cells and then sequentially into fibrocartilage cells ( Killian, 2022 ). (elifesciences.org)
This is because exosomes carry valuable biological information (proteins, lipids, genetic material, etc.) reflecting their cells of origin. (kth.se)
Microscale technology platforms are finding wide application in biological assays in which careful manipulation and measurement of limited sample amounts are required, and the new MIC platform is capable of making molecular measurements on small tumor samples provided by tumor resection and biopsy using as few as 1,000 to 3,000 cells, according to the researchers. (nanowerk.com)

As hESC undergo apoptosis when cultured as single cells, EB formation often necessitates the use of inhibitors of the rho associated kinase (ROCK) pathway, including the small molecules Y-27632 and 2,4 disubstituted thiazole (Thiazovivin/Tzv). (wikipedia.org)

It unlocks novel dimensions by uncovering elusive cell populations and tumor heterogeneities for early detection, unraveling mechanisms of treatment resistance, tailoring therapies to individuals, and illuminating metastasis and cachexia pathways, thereby opening fresh avenues for preventive strategies. (frontiersin.org)
The omega-3 index is the content of omega-3s in RBC membranes, which contribute to structural integrity and cell signaling pathways. (prohealth.com)
Pancreatic beta cells (insulin and DNA stained) (76) hepatocytes (β-catenin and DNA stained) (77) keratinocyes from dental tissues (78) fibroblasts (79) adipocytes from subcutaneous … Very much focus on this subject matter has centered on determining extracellular elements (and their intracellular reactive pathways) that elicit adjustments in cell size. (bioskinrevive.com)
Researchers at UCLA have now developed a microfluidic image cytometry (MIC) platform that can measure cell-signaling pathways in brain tumor samples at the single-cell level. (nanowerk.com)
Here, we review some of the recent advances and studies that highlight the roles of these changes as well as antigen presentation and stress response pathways in beta cells in the onset and propagation of the autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)

Since we track each cell throughout the experiment, we are able to quantify the size, morphology and fluorescence that each VBNC cell displayed before, during and after drug treatment. (exeter.ac.uk)
We investigated reporter strains for several genes previously linked to persister and VBNC cells and found that before drug treatment, both persister and VBNC cells can be distinguished from the remainder of the population by their lower fluorescence when using a reporter strain for tnaC , encoding the leader peptide of the tnaCAB operon responsible for tryptophan metabolism. (exeter.ac.uk)
Altogether our FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorter) analyses reveal that the neonatal subventricular zone is far more heterogeneous than previously suspected and our studies provide new insights into the signals and mechanisms that regulate their self-renewal and proliferation. (karger.com)
Finally, to increase the understanding of EV subpopulations and heterogeneity, a platform combining fluorescence and atomic force microscopy was developed for multiparametric analysis of EVs at a single particle level. (kth.se)

The recent decade has seen encouraging outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell therapy that holds promise to alleviate the burden of neurological disorders Moreover, initial study data of preclinical trials have also indicated the effectiveness, tolerance, and safety of MSC-based therapy [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Andrews and his colleagues at Thomas Jefferson University and later at Imvax reasoned that if they could give the immune system a chance to fight glioblastoma cells that remain after surgery, patients may have better outcomes. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Regarding to this watch size itself isn't actively controlled but simply outcomes from the unbiased control of the prices of cell development and cell department. (bioskinrevive.com)

The molecular processes behind cell cycle progression have been dissected by numerous morphological studies on live or fixed single cells using a plethora of techniques to visualize components and processes during cell division. (frontiersin.org)
Herein, we presented an overview of a previously published work regarding the role of stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke and its underlying molecular mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
An insight into the biology of ischemic stroke indicates that a stream of molecular events initiates instantly after the onset of ischemic stroke, such as oxidative stress, increased level of intracellular calcium, excitotoxicity, and inflammation which results in apoptotic or necrotic neuronal cell death [ 12 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
The authors provided convincing evidence for the heterogeneity of postnatal enthesis growth and the molecular dynamics and signaling networks during enthesis formation. (elifesciences.org)
However, due to their small size and very high heterogeneity in molecular and physical features, the analysis of these vesicles is challenged by the limited detection ranges and/or accuracy of the currently available techniques. (kth.se)
The MIC is essentially a cancer diagnostic chip that can generate single-cell 'molecular fingerprints' for a small quantity of pathology samples, including brain tumor tissues," said Dr. Hsian-Rong Tseng, a UCLA associate professor of molecular and medical pharmacology and one of the leaders of the research. (nanowerk.com)
We are exploring the use of the MIC for generating informative molecular fingerprints from rare populations of oncology samples - for example, tumor stem cells. (nanowerk.com)
These results uncovered the key molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional bursting and cell-to-cell gene expression noise in mammalian cells. (janelia.org)

Detailed analysis of cell cycle predictive genes allowed us to define subpopulations with distinct gene expression profiles and to calculate a cell cycle index that illustrates the transition of cells between cell cycle phases. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, we show that VBNC cells are not dead or dying cells but share similar phenotypic features with persister cells, suggesting a link between these two subpopulations, at least in the Escherichia coli strain under investigation. (exeter.ac.uk)
The application of the technique to vesicles isolated from different cell lines identified both common and cell line-specific EV subpopulations bearing distinct distributions of the analyzed parameters. (kth.se)
As a result, there is an emergent need to explore previously unmapped mechanisms regulating distinct subpopulations of tumor cells and to understand their contribution to tumor progression and treatment response. (lu.se)

They also provide insight into the heterogeneity of genetic changes associated with ibrutinib resistance, previously attributed solely to mutations in BTK and related pathway molecules. (nih.gov)
The promise and attractiveness of this approach is the small amount of tissue needed for analysis in the face of increasing numbers of prognostic and predictive markers, and the possibility of quantifying tumor genetic heterogeneity," said Dr. William Yong, a Jonsson Cancer Center physician-scientist who led the pathology aspects of the research. (nanowerk.com)

Translocation carcinoma is a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtype that harbors a translocation involving a member of the microphthalmia transcription factor gene family. (medscape.com)
By applying the random forests algorithm, a supervised machine learning approach, we show how a multi-gene signature that classifies individual cells into their correct cell cycle phase and cell size can be generated. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we employed single-cell gene expression profiling to describe the dynamic transition between cell proliferative states in three different cell lines using a panel consisting of 93 marker genes. (frontiersin.org)
While BM-MSCs have high cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression, the cell subtypes that contribute to this heterogeneity in vivo in humans have not been characterized. (ijbs.com)
Transcriptional bursting is the stochastic activation and inactivation of promoters, contributing to cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression. (janelia.org)
Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)
In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)

Within any tumor, nuclear size may vary, but uniformly, these tumors are of a high Fuhrman nuclear grade. (medscape.com)
Psammoma bodies and scattered xanthoma cells have been described in some tumors. (medscape.com)
When they encapsulated both the rat glioblastoma tumor cells and the antisense IGF-IR RNA in a biodiffusion chamber and placed the chamber in the rat's abdomen for 24 hours, the rats that received the treatment lived three times longer than those that received no treatment, and their tumors never came back (5). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Amount 2 Cell size uniformity in healthful tissue contrasts with cell size heterogeneity in pleomorphic tumors. (bioskinrevive.com)
We are excited about the possibility of using this method to investigate responses of individual tumors to potential therapeutics, as well as to enhance our knowledge about how they become resistant to therapies," said Dr. Harley Kornblum, a physician-scientist who studies brain tumor biology and is a member of both UCLA's Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center and the Johnson Cancer Center cell biology program area. (nanowerk.com)
Here, making use of a newly generated Pdgfd knockout mouse, we reveal a functionally important malignant cell heterogeneity modulated by PDGF-DD signaling in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). (lu.se)

Pathologically, at an early stage, there is an influx of mononuclear cells followed by lymphocytes. (ersjournals.com)
However, it is not clear whether TNF production in disease sites is a feature of all mononuclear cells that traffic there or whether it is a subset phenomenon. (ersjournals.com)
To investigate the transcriptional diversity of BM-MSCs, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on freshly isolated CD271 + BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) from two human subjects. (ijbs.com)

Additionally, although EBs largely exhibit heterogeneous patterns of differentiated cell types, ESCs are capable of responding to similar cues that direct embryonic development. (wikipedia.org)
Report of the First International Consensus on Standardized Nomenclature of Antinuclear Antibody HEp-2 Cell Patterns 2014-2015. (cdc.gov)
Traditionally, seismic acoustic impedance or depositional facies map are the conceptual heterogeneity patterns used. (onepetro.org)
RETROFIT recapitulates known cell-type localization patterns in a Slide-seq dataset of mouse cerebellum without using any single-cell data. (bioconductor.org)
Because the measurements are at the single-cell level, computational algorithms are then used to organize and find patterns in the thousands of measurements," Graeber said. (nanowerk.com)

Cell proliferation includes a series of events that is tightly regulated by several checkpoints and layers of control mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
In conclusion, we provide useful experimental approaches and bioinformatics to identify informative and predictive genes at the single-cell level, which opens up new means to describe and understand cell proliferation and subpopulation dynamics. (frontiersin.org)
However, most of our knowledge about cell proliferation comes from studies that average data from large and mixed cell populations. (frontiersin.org)
In Schwann cells for instance IGF-1 functions mainly as a rise factor raising cell mass while glial development factor (GGF) works as a mitogen inducing proliferation (5 6 Therefore Schwann Picroside I cell size could be manipulated by modification of the comparative concentrations of IGF-1 and GGF within their environment. (bioskinrevive.com)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)
instead, we found that PDGF-DD stimulated bulk tumor cell proliferation by induction of paracrine mitogenic signaling between heterogeneous malignant cell clones, some of which expressed PDGFRβ. (lu.se)

Andrews' and Craig Hooper's team at Thomas Jefferson University designed an antisense IGF-IR RNA molecule that inhibits glioblastoma tumor's IGF-IR and triggers tumor cell apoptosis in multiple rodent models (3,4). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Boston, MA (UroToday.com) As one of the most influential researchers and thought-leaders in the development of circulating tumor cell (CTC) technology, Dr. Mehmet Toner presented the AUA audience with an incredible review of the current state of the field. (urotoday.com)

However, depending on the cell type being selected and the surface antigen being targeted by the particle, positive selections can result in cells becoming activated or otherwise functionally altered. (bdbiosciences.com)

We hypothesise that the immune system plays a key role in controlling residual tumour cells after treatment. (nih.gov)
More intense therapies result in a stronger depletion of immune cells allowing an early re-growth of the tumour.We propose a differential equations model of the dynamics and interactions of tumour and immune cells under chemotherapy. (nih.gov)
Major model features are an exponential tumour growth, a modulation of the production of effector cells by the presence of the tumour (immunogenicity), and mutual destruction of tumour and immune cells. (nih.gov)
Chemotherapy causes damage to both, immune and tumour cells. (nih.gov)
Growth rate, chemosensitivity, immunogenicity, and initial size of the tumour are assumed to be patient-specific, resulting in heterogeneity regarding therapy outcome. (nih.gov)

However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of transcriptional bursting kinetics (burst size and frequency) in mammalian cells remains elusive. (janelia.org)

For instance pancreatic beta cells are encircled by acinar cells that are approximately double their size and chondrocytes boost their quantity by 10 to 20 flip during hypertrophic bone tissue development (2). (bioskinrevive.com)
Type 1 diabetes results from organ-specific autoimmunity, which eliminates most of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. (springer.com)

These chronic inflammatory cells then organise spatially into the classic granulomatous response 1 - 5 . (ersjournals.com)
Heterogeneities in surface conditions are spatially resolved to an extent determined primarily by the satellite data pixel size. (ametsoc.org)

A combination of microfluidics, time-lapse microscopy, and fluorescent reporter strains offers the perfect platform for investigating individual cells while manipulating their environment. (exeter.ac.uk)
The new technology combines the advantages of microfluidics and microscopy-based cell imaging. (nanowerk.com)
The latest generation of CTC-chip utilizes microfluidics to perform size and epitope-independent capture of CTCs. (urotoday.com)

Recently, a growing number of studies are focusing on mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. (hindawi.com)
Subtype A was characterised as activation of MET signalling and immune-suppressive microenvironment, such as up-regulation of PTK2, cell motility, glycolysis, hypoxia, and epithelial and mesenchymal transition (EMT), higher infiltration of Treg cells. (ecancer.org)
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that have a critical role in the maintenance of skeletal tissues such as bone, cartilage, and the fat in bone marrow. (ijbs.com)
These "stealth-CTCs" come in many forms and sizes, cover themselves with different molecules, are undergoing various stages of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, etc. (urotoday.com)

The pluripotent cell types that comprise embryoid bodies include embryonic stem cells (ESCs) derived from the blastocyst stage of embryos from mouse (mESC), primate, and human (hESC) sources. (wikipedia.org)

Additionally, EBs can be formed from embryonic stem cells derived through alternative techniques, including somatic cell nuclear transfer or the reprogramming of somatic cells to yield induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS). (wikipedia.org)

Genome-wide kinetic properties of transcriptional bursting in mouse embryonic stem cells. (janelia.org)
In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the intrinsic noise and mRNA levels for elucidating the transcriptional bursting kinetics in mouse embryonic stem cells. (janelia.org)

However, unlike persister cells, which quickly resume growth following drug removal, VBNC cells can remain non-growing for prolonged periods of time, thus eluding detection via traditional microbiological assays. (exeter.ac.uk)
Using multiple microcapillary sensors functionalized with antibodies, the method showed the capacity for multiplexed detection of different surface markers on small EVs from non-small-cell lung cancer cells. (kth.se)
Over time, they found that tumor cells can evade detection even with if they interact with antibodies. (urotoday.com)

Epidemiology of Renal Cell Carcinoma: 2022 Update. (who.int)

Moreover, single-cell sequencing provides unique insights into the mechanisms of pancreatic cancer metastasis and cachexia, paving the way for developing novel preventive strategies. (frontiersin.org)

For example, scientists have isolated patient dendritic cells, exposed them to antigens from the tumor, and reinfused the dendritic cells back into the patient. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Instead, by triggering a patient's own tumor cells to release both immunostimulatory molecules and tumor-specific antigens within a biodiffusion chamber temporarily inserted in the patient's body, the researchers at Imvax turn the uniqueness of the tumor against itself. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Biochemical characteristics, such as expression of surface antigens, are also used for cell separation. (bdbiosciences.com)
In this procedure, all unwanted cells are first labeled with a cocktail containing monoclonal antibodies against antigens expressed by them. (bdbiosciences.com)

Specific focus is given to outstanding problems in land surface boundary layer descriptions such as complex terrain, effects of horizontal heterogeneity on sub-meso-scale transport processes, energy balance closure, stable stratification and night time fluxes, dynamic interactions with atmosphere, plants (in canopy and above canopy) and soils. (copernicus.org)

In Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC), cells typically have voluminous cytoplasm, which can range from eosinophilic and granular to clear. (medscape.com)
In Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma, tumor cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and high nuclear grade are often arranged in large nests with a delicate, intervening vascular stroma. (medscape.com)
The relationship between blood pressure and risk of renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)
Mycotoxin Exposure and Renal Cell Carcinoma Risk: An Association Study in the EPIC European Cohort. (who.int)
Biomarkers of the transsulfuration pathway and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. (who.int)

Cells may also exhibit bulging cell borders-a trait that has been referred to as "soap bubble" morphology. (medscape.com)
Benefits include the ability of 3D to provide a more physiologically relevant environment, for the generation of uniform, size-controlled spheroids with organ-like microarchitecture and morphology. (unige.ch)
Cell function and morphology were assessed by glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) test and histology, respectively. (unige.ch)

The percentage of target cells collected compared to nontarget cells in the heterogeneous population determines the purity of the collected target cell fraction. (bdbiosciences.com)
The percentage of target cells obtained after sorting compared to the total number of target cells in the original cell suspension determines recovery. (bdbiosciences.com)

Embryoid bodies (EBs) are three-dimensional aggregates of pluripotent stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cells rely on extracellular signals produced by the niche, which dictate their ability to self-renew, expand and differentiate. (karger.com)
It is essential to have sensitive and reproducible methods of either quantifying or isolating these stem cells and progenitors to understand their intrinsic properties and how extrinsic signals regulate their development. (karger.com)
However, stem cells are difficult to distinguish from multipotential progenitors, which may look and act like them. (karger.com)
Here we define a 4-color flow cytometry panel using CD133, LeX, CD140a, NG2 to define a neural stem cell (NSC) as well as 4 classes of multipotential progenitors and 3 classes of bipotential progenitors, several of which have not been described previously. (karger.com)
Achievement of a complete response on 18 F-FDG PET before stem-cell transplantation correlates with a superior outcome. (snmjournals.org)
In recent years, with a combination of autologous stem-cell transplantation and modern chemotherapy, the 10-y survival of patients presenting at an age less than 60 y is approximately 30% ( 1 , 2 ). (snmjournals.org)
Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)
We discuss these properties with examples both from the hematopoietic and embryonic stem cell (ESC) systems. (lu.se)
The nature of the stem cell substates and their relationship to commitment to differ- entiate and lineage selection can be elucidated in terms of a landscape picture in which stable states can be defined mathematically as attractors. (lu.se)
To varying degrees, these fates also extend to the Such state stability is required in stem and progenitor cells to immediate progeny of stem cells, known as progenitor or support self-renewal and maintenance of the uncommitted transit-amplifying cells. (lu.se)
Guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. (cdc.gov)

Mendelian randomization analyses demonstrate that reduced FEV 1 increases squamous cell carcinoma risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.51, 95% confidence intervals: 1.21-1.88), while reduced FEV 1 /FVC increases the risk of adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.17, 1.01-1.35) and lung cancer in never smokers (OR = 1.56, 1.05-2.30). (nature.com)
Data needed for these analyses include quantitative dose and response endpoints across various types of nanomaterials, as well as physicochemical factors that may influence the toxicity (e.g., size, shape, chemical composition, solubility, surface reactivity). (cdc.gov)
Challenges in these meta-analyses includes heterogeneity due to experimental design differences, limited reporting of quantitative dose-response data (especially for chronic health endpoints), few dose groups, and missing data for key parameters. (cdc.gov)

Enrichment of cells before sorting is very beneficial for obtaining faster and better sorting results, especially for very rare cell populations. (bdbiosciences.com)

The development of personalized therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been challenging because of the complexity and heterogeneity of this disease. (selectbiosciences.com)
Future progress in this area holds promise for advancing islet- and beta cell-directed therapies that could be implemented in the early stages of the disease and could be combined with immunotherapies. (springer.com)

These results caused some to summarize that in proliferating pet cells development and cell routine progression are unbiased procedures each governed by extracellular cues. (bioskinrevive.com)
Although it is normally apparent that extracellular development elements and mitogens can cause adjustments in cell size such cues usually do not take into account how cell size variance is normally constrained to attain the uniformity in cell size typically observed in tissue (amount 2). (bioskinrevive.com)

The corneal epithelium is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells on the outer surface of the eye, which acts as a protective barrier and is critical for clear and stable vision. (wjgnet.com)

Perivascular cells (PC) were recently implied as regulators of metastasis and immune cell activity. (lu.se)

We calculated the growth kinetics of ibrutinib-resistant subclones and estimated the size of the resistant clones at treatment initiation, which we validated by droplet-microfluidic technology. (nih.gov)

We found that the total transcript level per cell and the expression of most individual genes correlated with progression through the cell cycle, but not with cell size. (frontiersin.org)
There is no end organ damage in MGUS or in a more progressed condition called smoldering MM. Accordingly, MGUS and smoldering MM are usually not treated, but there are investigational chemoprevention trials attempting to halt the progression to symptomatic MM. In smoldering MM, bone marrow biopsy shows a 10%-60% diffuse infiltration of plasma cells, and the infiltration is less than 10% in MGUS. (snmjournals.org)
In the 1980s (3 4 Picroside I Zetterberg and coworkers recognized between factors such as for example insulin-like development aspect 1 (IGF-1) ATV and insulin that mainly initiate cell development and factors such as for example epidermal development aspect (EGF) that mainly drive cell routine progression also in the lack of development. (bioskinrevive.com)
Here, we draw upon studies that have shed light on the initiation and progression of islet autoimmunity from the point of view of the beta cell. (springer.com)

BioView's tissue matching application enables precise digital matching between a FISH slide and a parallel section stained with H&E or IHC of the same selected regions of interest, allowing for a rescan and presentation of two images of corresponding regions for each and every cell. (bioview.com)
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture by engineering spheroids has gained increasing attention in recent years because of the potential advantages of such systems over conventional two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture. (unige.ch)
This is not necessarily a problem for the cell or tissue because multiple copies of mtDNA are present in each cell (in oocytes, this is in the region of 100,000 copies per cell), and both wild type and mutated mtDNA can coexist, a situation known as heteroplasmy. (medscape.com)

In addition, technologies have also been developed to physically separate cells by forced aggregation of ESCs within individual wells or confined on adhesive substrates, which enables increased throughput, controlled formation of EBs. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we have compared the efficiency of four different methods of islet cell aggregation. (unige.ch)
Generated spheroids consisted of 250 cells, except for the self-aggregation method, where the number of cells per spheroid cannot be controlled. (unige.ch)
For islet cell aggregation, we recommend, based on our results, to use the hanging drop technique, the agarose microwell plates, or the Sphericalplate 5D™ depending on the experiments, the latter being the only option available for large-scale spheroids production. (unige.ch)

The use of a precise spot identification approach and an efficient vesicle capture protocol allowed to study and correlate for the first time the membrane protein composition, size and mechanical properties (Young modulus) on individual small EVs. (kth.se)

Regardless of the therapeutic approach, the heterogeneity of pancreatic cancer cells and the complexity of its tumor microenvironment contribute to the emergence of drug resistance. (frontiersin.org)

Most studies have been performed on large cell populations, but detailed understanding of cell dynamics and heterogeneity requires single-cell analysis. (frontiersin.org)
Analysis at the single-cell level can overcome most of these limitations. (frontiersin.org)
Overall, single-cell sequencing has immense potential in promoting early diagnosis, guiding personalized treatment, and preventing complications of pancreatic cancer. (frontiersin.org)
Applications of single-cell sequencing technology in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. (frontiersin.org)
Single-cell sequencing technology transforms the landscape of pancreatic cancer diagnosis and therapy. (frontiersin.org)
Enthesis development has historically been studied with lineage tracing of individual genes selected a priori, which does not allow for the determination of single-cell landscapes yielding mature cell types and tissues. (elifesciences.org)
we applied Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to delineate the comprehensive postnatal RC enthesis growth and the temporal atlas from as early as postnatal day 1 up to postnatal week 8. (elifesciences.org)
This paper represents a valuable single-cell level analysis of tendon enthesis development. (elifesciences.org)
The reverse haemolytic plaque assay allows the measurement of cytokine production at a single cell level. (ersjournals.com)
The current authors have previously demonstrated, using a reverse haemolytic plaque assay (RHPA), that single-cell production of cytokine can be assayed 16 . (ersjournals.com)
Enrichment using negative selection is recommended for downstream single-cell multiomic analysis. (bdbiosciences.com)
RETROFIT is a Bayesian non-negative matrix factorization framework to decompose cell type mixtures in ST data without using external single-cell expression references. (bioconductor.org)
The researchers also developed new bioinformatics - computational and statistical techniques and algorithms - that allowed them to process and analyze the data gleaned from the MIC platform's single-cell measurements. (nanowerk.com)
The single-cell nature of the MIC brain tumor data presented an exciting and challenging opportunity," said Dr. Nicholas Graham, a postdoctoral scholar at the CNSI who worked out the data analysis. (nanowerk.com)
To make sense of the data, we had to develop some new bioinformatics approaches that would preserve the power of single-cell analysis but allow for comparison between patients. (nanowerk.com)
Exploration of RNA-seq signatures in other leukocyte populations and single cell RNA sequencing may help uncover more subtle differences. (cam.ac.uk)

Cells forming tissues and organs, as well as the immune cells, can release signaling molecules, e.g., cytokines, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) to direct immune cells to diseased/infected areas of the body (and to stimulate the creation of new immune cells). (prohealth.com)

This cell separation technique utilizes the potential to label cell surface markers with magnetic bead-tagged antibodies and the ability of a magnetic field to migrate the labeled particles from a distance. (bdbiosciences.com)

Further topics of this group are the numerical simulation of bubble size distributions in multiphase reactors, the flow of fluids with complex rheological properties as well as the numerical simulation of reactive flows. (tuhh.de)

The cells at the exterior then deposit extracellular matrix (ECM), containing collagen IV and laminin, similar to the composition and structure of basement membrane. (wikipedia.org)
These extracellular alerts can dictate the mean size of cells but specific cells shall even now deviate from which means that. (bioskinrevive.com)
Additionally a size-discriminatory procedure could force huge cells to build up much less mass than little types in response to similar extracellular signals. (bioskinrevive.com)

2 The most widely accepted hypothesis on the origin of MS is a primary autoimmune disease, mediated by auto-reactive, oligodendrocyte-specific T cells. (bmj.com)
A major research field of this group is the numerical simulation and evaluation of Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCS) to get a deeper understanding of the formation of compartments and the interplay of heterogeneities with Lifelines to study in detail, how reactive species, cells, or heterogeneous catalysts are exposed to changing conditions. (tuhh.de)

Individual unsynchronized cells from three different cell lines were collected in different cell cycle phases (G0/G1 - S - G2/M) with variable cell sizes. (frontiersin.org)
This technique has an advantage over routine culture conditions, as the development of cytokine product by individual cells can be localised and measured, which therefore allows for the correlation of cytokine production with cell type. (ersjournals.com)
Amount 1 Sizes of different individual cell types. (bioskinrevive.com)

In particular, the dialogue between T cells and beta cells is far more complex in humans and recent evidence supports potential type 1 diabetes 'endotypes' based on age at onset [ 8 , 9 ]. (springer.com)
An ongoing NIOSH risk assessment strategy for nanomaterials involves the systematic review and development of datasets from studies in humans, animals and cell systems following exposure to nanoscale and microscale particles. (cdc.gov)

Using sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) as a model system, we investigate how local differences in cell water potential affect H2O and D2O (heavy water) partitioning. (uni-hannover.de)
RBC cell deformability (i.e., ability to change shape) increases with Omega-3 Index, so researchers in this study asked the question: "Is a higher Omega-3 Index associated with differences in RBC structure in healthy people? (prohealth.com)
A range of blood measures showed significant differences between FEP and control persons in plasma, serum, and red blood cell levels. (medscape.com)

These illustrations amongst others (amount 1) demonstrate a cell's size isn't the consequence of physical constraints but instead it really is adaptively controlled. (bioskinrevive.com)
In conclusion, we demonstrate a previously unrecognized heterogeneity in PanNET characterized by signaling through the PDGF-DD/PDGFRβ axis. (lu.se)

Different pet cell types possess quality and distinct sizes. (bioskinrevive.com)

Anatomy33

Organisms28

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs52

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment56

Phenomena and Processes83

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science9

Health Care16

Clinical24

Sample heterogeneity1

Cellular8

Clonal6

Spatial5

Macrophages8

Differentiation12

Functional4

Populations often1

Biological3

Often necessitates1

Pathways6

Fluorescence4

Outcomes3

Molecular8

Subpopulations4

Genetic2

Gene7

Tumors6

Mononuclear cells3

Patterns5

Proliferation7

Tumor cell2

Functionally1

Tumour5

Elusive1

Pancreatic beta cells2

Spatially2

Microfluidics3

Mesenchymal4

Pluripotent cell1

Somatic cells1

Embryonic stem2

Detection3

20221

Mechanisms1

Antigens4

Processes1

Renal cell carc5

Morphology3

Percentage2

Stem12

Analyses3

Rare cell populations1

Therapies2

Cues2

Stratified squamous1

Immune cell1

Kinetics1

Progression4

Tissue3

Aggregation4

Precise1

Complexity1

Single-cell16

Tissues1

Utilizes1

Distributions1

Extracellular3

Reactive2

Individual3

Humans2

Differences3

Demonstrate2

Distinct1