Her 2 phosphorylation. Medical search. Frequent questions

UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND: In sickle cell disease (SCD), the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK1/2 is constitutively active and can be inducible by agonist-stimulation only in sickle but not in normal human red blood cells (RBCs). (duke.edu)
RESULTS: To further characterize global ERK1/2-induced changes in membrane protein phosphorylation within human RBCs, a label-free quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis was applied to sickle and normal RBC membrane ghosts pre-treated with U0126, a specific inhibitor of MEK1/2, the upstream kinase of ERK1/2, in the presence or absence of recombinant active ERK2. (duke.edu)
For instance, it can be activated by oncogenic mutations of PTEN, VHL, the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
Tau tubulin kinase 2 (TTBK2) is a key player in the cilium assembly pathway, controlling the final step of cilia initiation. (muni.cz)
In summary, our work provides important insight into the substrates-TTBK2 kinase relationship and suggests that phosphorylation of substrates on multiple sites by TTBK2 is probably involved in the control of ciliogenesis in human cells. (muni.cz)
A prominent example for the decisive impact of lipid rafts on signaling is LRP6, whose localization to the same lipid rafts domain as the kinase CK1γ is crucial for its successful phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of the signalosome, hence WNT/β-catenin signaling. (frontiersin.org)
Protein phosphorylation is a reversible post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase by the addition of a covalently bound phosphate group. (wikipedia.org)
Houle, F., Poirier, A., Dumaresq, J. and Huot, J. (2007) DAP Kinase Mediates the Phosphorylation of Tropomyosin-1 Downstream of the ERK Pathway, Which Regulates the Formation of Stress Fibers in Response to Oxidative Stress. (scirp.org)
We demonstrate that a 41 amino acid region (amino acids 379 to 419) in the cytoplasmic domain of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) is phosphorylated by unidentified kinase(s) both in vitro and in vivo. (nus.edu.sg)
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2)/cyclin A is a novel PR coregulator that binds the NTD and acts by phosphorylating steroid receptor coactivator-1 and modulating steroid receptor coactivator-1 interaction with PR. (nih.gov)
Violin plots show distribution of expression levels for Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (SMED30002728) in cells (dots) of each of the 12 neoblast clusters. (stowers.org)
Expression of Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (SMED30002728) in the t-SNE clustered sub-lethally irradiated X1 and X2 cells. (stowers.org)
Violin plots show distribution of expression levels for Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (SMED30002728) in cells (dots) of each of the 10 clusters of sub-leathally irradiated X1 and X2 cells. (stowers.org)
The phosphorylation of IκBα by IκB kinase family have been so many identified, but the phosphorylation sites of IκBα by other kinases remain poorly understood. (researchsquare.com)
To identify the essential domains of IκBα for phosphorylation of IκBα by AURK, kinase assay was performed with a series of IκBα truncation mutants. (researchsquare.com)
Here, we showed that glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylated CRMP-2 at Thr-514 and inactivated it. (elsevierpure.com)
Orthologous to human ABL2 (ABL proto-oncogene 2, non-receptor tyrosine kinase). (nih.gov)
Many molecular pathways in eukaryotic cells are modulated by specific signaling proteins that are controlled, by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, through the activity of kinase and phosphatase enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)
One of the well established Rho-kinase-mediated signaling pathways is the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) and its counteracting MLC phosphatase. (uni-muenchen.de)
Rho-kinase regulates a second pathway that involves activation of LIM-kinases (LIMKs) and subsequent phosphorylation and inactivation of cofilin, an actin dynamizing protein. (uni-muenchen.de)
The signaling pathway Rho-kinase/LIMKs/cofilin phosphorylation during platelet activation and the question, how the phosphorylation of cofilin affects the actin dynamics underlying platelet activation, has not previously been studied. (uni-muenchen.de)
Exposure of the amnion fibroblasts to cortisol led to the activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway, which induced the phosphorylation of the kinase SRC and STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3). (elsevierpure.com)
The glycogen‐associated form of protein phosphatase‐1 (PP‐1 G ) is a heterodimer comprising a 37‐kDa catalytic (C) subunit and a 161‐kDa glycogen‐binding (G) subunit, the latter being phosphorylated by cAMP‐dependent protein kinase at two serine residues (site 1 and site 2). (dundee.ac.uk)
Site 2 was a good substrate for all three type‐2 phosphatases (2A, 2B and 2C) with t 0.5 values less than those toward the α subunit of phosphorylase kinase. (dundee.ac.uk)
Here, we demonstrate that in vitro casein kinase 2 (CK2) specifically interacts with human 9-1-1 and phosphorylates serines 341 and 387 (Ser-341 and Ser-387) in the C-terminal tail of Rad9. (elsevierpure.com)
We are currently investigating two protein kinases, namely AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2). (lu.se)

EA caused a significant increase in the MLC dephosphorylation and MLCK phosphorylation levels in the group compared to the sham EA and model groups. (hindawi.com)
It is suggested that the phosphorylation of MLC catalyzed by Ca 2+ -calmodulin- (CAM-) dependent MLCK and dephosphorylation catalyzed by MLCP help regulate the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
The reverse reaction of phosphorylation is called dephosphorylation, and is catalyzed by protein phosphatases. (wikipedia.org)
The interconversion of phosphorylase b to phosphorylase a was later described by Edmond Fischer and Edwin Krebs, as well as, Wosilait and Sutherland, involving a phosphorylation/dephosphorylation mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment of hippocampal neurons with neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) induced inactivation of GSK-3β and dephosphorylation of CRMP-2. (elsevierpure.com)
Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of site 2 was rate‐limiting for dissociation and reassociation of C subunit. (dundee.ac.uk)
Release of C subunit was also induced by the binding of anti‐site‐1 Fab fragments to glycogen‐bound PP‐1 G . At near physiological ionic strength, PP‐1 G and glycogen concentration, site 2 was autodephosphorylated by PP‐1 G with a t 0.5 of 2.6 min at 30°C, ∼ 100‐fold slower than the t 0.5 for dephosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase under the same conditions. (dundee.ac.uk)
The efficient dephosphorylation of site 2 by the Ca 2+ /calmodulin‐stimulated protein phosphatase (2B) provides a potential mechanism for regulating PP‐1 activity in response to Ca 2+ , and represents an example of a protein phosphatase cascade. (dundee.ac.uk)

Glycophorin A was the most affected protein in sickle RBCs by this ERK1/2 pathway, which contained 12 unique phosphorylated peptides, suggesting that in addition to its effect on sickle RBC adhesion, increased glycophorin A phosphorylation via the ERK1/2 pathway may also affect glycophorin A interactions with band 3, which could result in decreases in both anion transport by band 3 and band 3 trafficking. (duke.edu)
These findings also identify additional protein targets of this pathway other than the RBC adhesion molecule ICAM-4 and enhance the understanding of the mechanism of small molecule inhibitors of MEK/1/2/ERK1/2, which could be effective in ameliorating RBC hemorheology and adhesion, the hallmarks of SCD. (duke.edu)
Overall these novel data demonstrate an IKK2-dependent, predominantly G-protein-independent pathway involved in PAR-2 regulation of NFκB phosphorylation in keratinocytes. (strath.ac.uk)
To analyze whether and how the quantitative ratio between receptor and rafts affects LRP6 phosphorylation and WNT/β-catenin pathway activation, we present a computational modeling study, that for the first time employs realistic raft numbers in a compartment-based pathway model. (frontiersin.org)
Our simulation experiments indicate, that for receptor/raft ratios smaller than 1, i.e., when the number of raft compartments clearly exceeds the number of pathway specific membrane proteins, we observe significant decrease in LRP6 phosphorylation and downstream pathway activity. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we apply computational modeling to analyze whether and how the quantitative ratio between receptor and rafts affects LRP6 phosphorylation and WNT/β-catenin pathway activation. (frontiersin.org)
Phosphorylation was considered a specific control mechanism for one metabolic pathway until the 1970s, when Lester Reed discovered that mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex was inactivated by phosphorylation. (wikipedia.org)
Translation elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) is methylated and phosphorylated in response to nutrient starvation upon entering stationary phase, and its phosphorylation is a crucial step in the pathway toward sporulation. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Conclusions: Therefore, we identified novel phosphorylation site of IκBα by AURK, and its site was related to apoptosis and necroptosis pathway in breast cancer cells. (researchsquare.com)
Interestingly, inhibition of FAK signaling pathway attenuated the phosphorylation of AKT, but inhibition of AKT signaling pathway did not affect the phosphorylation of FAK. (oncotarget.com)
Inhibiting STAT3, SRC, or the cAMP-PKA pathway attenuated the cortisol-stimulated induction of COX-2 and PGE2 production in amnion fibroblasts. (elsevierpure.com)

Cytokine binding to the cell surface leads to phosphorylation of the receptor complex by receptor associated Janus kinases (JAKs) at tyrosine residues. (nature.com)
Here we showed that social defeat stress enhanced plantar incision-induced AMPA receptor GluA1 phosphorylation at the Ser831 site in the spinal cord and greatly prolonged plantar incision-induced pain. (jneurosci.org)
In addition, stress hormones enhanced GluA1 phosphorylation and AMPA receptor-mediated electrical activity in the spinal cord. (jneurosci.org)
Therefore, spinal AMPA receptor phosphorylation contributes to the mechanisms underlying stress-induced pain transition. (jneurosci.org)
Jun dimerization protein-2 (JDP-2) is a progesterone receptor (PR) coregulatory protein that acts by inducing structure and transcriptional activity in the disordered amino-terminal domain (NTD) of PR. (nih.gov)
Analysis of the primary protein structure of the human serotonin1B (5-HT1B) receptor reveals consensus sites for phosphorylation and a putative site for palmitoylation. (nih.gov)
Because phosphorylation of TRPV1 (transient receptor potential subtype V1) plays a key role in the induction of thermal hyperalgesia in inflammatory pain models, we evaluated whether the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) regulates the phosphorylation state of TRPV1. (uthscsa.edu)
These results imply that the cannabinoid WIN modulates the sensitivity of sensory neurons to TRPV1 activation by altering receptor phosphorylation. (uthscsa.edu)
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CO on angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 phosphorylation. (aston.ac.uk)
STAT3 interacted with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the transcription factor CREB-1 (cAMP response element-binding protein 1) at the promoter of the gene encoding COX-2, which promoted the production of the secreted prostaglandin PGE 2 . (elsevierpure.com)
however, animals of various species have also been infected, partially because their angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor is very similar to that of humans. (cdc.gov)
ACE2 in dogs can bind to the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2, implying the possibility of cross-species transmission between humans and dogs ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
Biphasic changes in airway epithelial cell EGF receptor binding and phosphorylation induced by components of hogbarn dust. (cdc.gov)
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation and activation has been identified as one important mediator of inflammatory cytokine release from these cells. (cdc.gov)

The phosphorylation of MLC primarily regulates the force production and maintenance in the smooth muscle [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Background: Tropomyosin 1 alpha chain (Tm1) is an actin-binding protein that regulates the endothelial cell response to oxidative stress following its phosphorylation at Serine 283 (S283). (scirp.org)
Our data moreover suggest that phosphorylation of x1c negatively regulates the activation of NF-κB. (nus.edu.sg)
The expression of constitutively active GSK-3β impaired neuronal polarization, whereas the nonphosphorylated form of CRMP-2 counteracted the inhibitory effects of GSK-3β, indicating that GSK-3β regulates neuronal polarity through the phosphorylation of CRMP-2. (elsevierpure.com)
Tyrosine phosphorylation regulates the adhesions of ras-transformed breast epithelia. (rupress.org)
Protein phosphorylation is a biological process that regulates most aspects of cellular life, and the enzymes that catalyze this reaction - protein kinases - constitute the largest family of enzymes encoded by the human genome. (lu.se)

In this lesson, we will learn how to describe the process of oxidative phosphorylation and recall the products formed. (nagwa.com)
The mitochondrial genome encodes the genetic information for the 13 polypeptide subunits essential for the process of oxidative phosphorylation. (medscape.com)

However, it was nearly 50 years until the enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinases was discovered. (wikipedia.org)
Also in the 1970s, the term multisite phosphorylation was coined in response to the discovery of proteins that are phosphorylated on two or more residues by two or more kinases. (wikipedia.org)
Reversible phosphorylation of proteins is abundant in both prokaryotic and even more so in eukaryotic organisms. (wikipedia.org)
In yeast, about 120 kinases (out of ~6000 proteins total) cause 8814 known regulated phosphorylation events, generating about 3,600 phosphoproteins (about 60% of all yeast proteins). (wikipedia.org)
Hence, phosphorylation is a universal regulatory mechanism that affects a large portion of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Even if a protein is not phosphorylated itself, its interactions with other proteins may be regulated by phosphorylation of these interacting proteins. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, using surface plasmon resonance technique we analyzed the direct consequences of hBAD phosphorylation by RAF with respect to complex formation of BAD with 14-3-3 proteins and Bcl-XL. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
This pore-forming capacity is dependent on phosphorylation status and interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
These findings suggest that parasite proteins are able to inhibit erythroid cell growth by down-regulation of ezrin phosphorylation, leading to ineffective erythropoiesis ultimately resulting in severe malarial anaemia. (biomedcentral.com)
Several years ago, JNK-mediated Bcl-2 phosphorylation was shown to interfere with its binding to proapoptotic BH3 domain-containing proteins such as Bax and recently, our laboratory demonstrated that JNK1-mediated Bcl-2 phosphorylation interferes with its binding to the proautophagy BH3 domain-containing protein Beclin 1. (elsevierpure.com)
These results suggest that elevated tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins such as beta-catenin and p120 Cas contribute to the altered adherens junctions of ras-transformed epithelia. (rupress.org)
We observed substantial brain pathology in SARS-CoV-2-infected dogs, particularly involving blood-brain barrier damage resembling small vessel disease, including changes in tight junction proteins, reduced laminin levels, and decreased pericyte coverage. (cdc.gov)
11R a) SSP referring to those numbers in Figure 2 and short protein names referring to those proteins listed in Table S2. (lu.se)

The regulation of HIF-1α occurs at the posttranslational level involving modifications of hydroxylation, acetylation and phosphorylation ( 3 - 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Taken together these data indicate dependency for Gq/11 in early phosphorylation of p65 NFκB and this subsequently affects initial NFκB-dependent gene transcriptional activity, however later regulation of p65 is unaffected. (strath.ac.uk)
Zerradi, M. , Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2015) Regulation of Breast Cancer Progression by Phosphorylation of the Tumor Suppressor Tropomyosin-1 Alpha. (scirp.org)
Simoneau, B., Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2012) Regulation of Endothelial Permeability and Transendothelial Migration of Cancer Cells by Tropomyosin-1 Phosphorylation. (scirp.org)
Background: The phosphorylation of NF-kappaB inhibitor alpha (IκBα) protein is pivotal to the regulation of NF-κB transcription factor activity in the cell. (researchsquare.com)
Phosphorylation thus plays positive and negative roles in regulation of MRTF-A. (elifesciences.org)
To further analyze the regulation of hBAD function, we investigated the role of these newly identified phosphorylation sites on BAD-mediated apoptosis. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Collectively, our findings provide new insights into the regulation of hBAD function by phosphorylation and its role in cancer signaling. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
An overall aim of our research is to study the regulation and function of protein phosphorylation cascades that are important for the maintenance of a normal energy metabolism and that might be involved in the pathophysiological changes that ultimately lead to type 2 diabetes. (lu.se)

Enzymatic diagnosis of oxidative phosphorylation defects on muscle biopsy: Better on tissue homogenate or on a mitochondria-enriched suspension? (medscimonit.com)
Increase in the lactate:pyruvate ratio distinguishes oxidative phosphorylation defects from other genetic causes of lactic acidosis. (msdmanuals.com)

The level of myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation is an important determinant of smooth muscle contraction. (hindawi.com)

Results: We identified two novel sites of serine phosphorylation at S63 and S262. (researchsquare.com)

We propose that this mechanism may lead to the multisite phosphorylation state observed during dormancy and stationary phase. (whiterose.ac.uk)

In this Part 2, you will see four different protein complexes that make up the mitochondrial electron transport chain. (hstalks.com)
In addition, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes necessary for the intramitochondrial synthesis of these 13 polypeptides. (medscape.com)

We analyze how phosphorylation leads to inactivation of Escherichia coli EF-Tu. (whiterose.ac.uk)

ERK-mediated S98 phosphorylation inhibits assembly of G-actin complexes on the MRTF-A regulatory RPEL domain, promoting nuclear import. (elifesciences.org)
[ 2 , 5 ] MEFV mutation leads to formation of pyrin-marenostrin complex, which interacts with ASC and disrupts the cryopyrin-ASC interaction and specifically inhibits apoptosis and NF-kappa B activation. (medscape.com)

Our data show that O-GlcNAcylation of STAT5 is an important process that contributes to oncogenic transcription through enhanced STAT5 tyrosine phosphorylation and oligomerization driving myeloid transformation. (nature.com)
Conclusion: Phosphorylation of Tm1 at Ser283 contributes to its anti-tumor properties, and this effect results mainly from an increase in cell adhesion associated with a decrease in their migratory and invasive potentials. (scirp.org)
These results indicated that the coordinated recruitment of STAT3, CREB-1, and GR to the promoter of the gene encoding COX-2 contributes to the feed-forward induction of COX-2 activity and prostaglandin synthesis in the amnion during parturition. (elsevierpure.com)
Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulated glycerol metabolism contributes to the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes. (lu.se)

Using mass spectrometry we identified in this work, besides the established in vivo phosphorylation sites at serines 75, 99 and 118, several novel hBAD phosphorylation sites (serines 25, 32/34, 97, 124 and 134, Chapter 3.1). (uni-wuerzburg.de)

Interestingly, targeted mutation of the GluA1 phosphorylation site Ser831 significantly inhibited stress-induced prolongation of incisional pain. (jneurosci.org)
Mutation of phosphorylation sites within this region of the NTD showed that phosphorylation of serine 400 was required for the partial agonist activity of RU486 stimulated by JDP-2, but was not required for activity of hormone agonist, either in the presence or absence of JDP-2. (nih.gov)
Mutation of 19 potential MRP1 phosphorylation sites revealed that HEK-Tyr920Phe/Ser921Ala-MRP1 transported As(GS)3 like HeLa-WT-MRP1, whereas individual HEK-Tyr920Phe- and -Ser921Ala-MRP1 mutants were similar to HEK-WT-MRP1. (bvsalud.org)

Pre-treatment of cells with the novel Gq/11 inhibitor YM-254890 and Gq/11 siRNA caused a similar pattern of inhibition and also reduced PAR-2-mediated NFκB transcriptional activity. (strath.ac.uk)
Inhibition of Gi or G12/13 pathways by pertussis toxin pre-treatment or over-expression of the RGS mutant Lsc, also did not effect NFκB phosphorylation. (strath.ac.uk)
The expression of the nonphosphorylated form of CRMP-2 or inhibition of GSK-3β induced the formation of multiple axon-like neurites in hippocampal neurons. (elsevierpure.com)

These phosphorylations play important and well-characterized roles in signaling pathways and metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Oxidative phosphorylation is the coupling of the electron transport chain and the ATP biosynthetic pathways. (mcw.edu)
Autophagy and apoptosis are fundamental cellular pathways that are both regulated by JNK-mediated Bcl-2 phosphorylation. (elsevierpure.com)
2. Discuss the interaction of these pathways and cycles (eg demonstrate an appreciation and knowledge of which molecules are common to two or more pathways/cycles and what cellular/physiological factors govern the fate of these molecules. (aber.ac.uk)

Similarly, CO suppressed VEGF-mediated phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 at tyrosine residue 1175 and 1214 and basic fibroblast growth factor- (FGF-2) and VEGF-mediated Akt phosphorylation. (aston.ac.uk)

Although homozygous Cx50D47A lenses have increased levels of p62, a specific reduction in p62 phosphorylation at T269/S272, and a specific increase in p62 phosphorylation at S349, this protein is not a critical determinant of the severity of the abnormalities of these lenses (reduced growth or differentiation and cataracts). (molvis.org)

At the levels present in skeletal muscle, the type‐2A and type‐2B phosphatases are potentially capable of dephosphorylating site 2 in vivo within seconds. (dundee.ac.uk)
In conjunction with information presented in the following paper in this issue of this journal, the results substantiate the hypothesis that PP‐1 activity towards the glycogen‐metabolising enzymes is regulated in vivo by reversible phosphorylation of a targetting subunit (G) that directs the C subunit to glycogen-protein particles. (dundee.ac.uk)
Further analyses showed that phosphorylation at both serine residues occurs in vivo and is required for the efficient interaction with TopBP1 in vitro. (elsevierpure.com)

We map multiple sites of serum-induced phosphorylation, most of which are S/T-P motifs, and show that S/T-P phosphorylation is required for transcriptional activation. (elifesciences.org)

These results highlight stabilization of a phosphorylation-induced conformational trap as an essential mechanism for phosphoregulation of bacterial translation and metabolism. (whiterose.ac.uk)
The overarching goal of my research is to understand why the pancreatic beta cells fail to produce adequate amounts of insulin to regulate whole body metabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2D). (lu.se)

In the present study, we investigated the role of phosphorylation of Tm1 in regulating its tumor suppressor properties. (scirp.org)
Furthermore, we identified hBAD serine 134 to be strongly involved in survival signaling in B-RAF-V600E containing tumor cells and found phosphorylation of this residue to be crucial for efficient proliferation in these cells. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
In conclusion, Lasp1 facilitated tumor proliferation and invasion of NSCLC through directly binding to FAK and enhancing the phosphorylation of FAK (Tyr397) and AKT (Ser473). (oncotarget.com)

The results show that while the TRAF-binding domain of TNFR2 is a major target of kinases, its phosphorylation is not required for NF-κB activation. (nus.edu.sg)
Inhibitors of tyrosine kinases decrease the level of tyrosine phosphorylation and restore a normal epithelial morphology to the ras-transformed cells. (rupress.org)

SARS-CoV-2 infection in dogs and cats affects the lungs and leads to pathologic changes ( Figure 1 ). (cdc.gov)

Under normoxic conditions, prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) hydroxylate the cite-specific proline residues of HIF-1α in a reaction that uses O 2 as a substrate. (spandidos-publications.com)
This domain (denoted x1c) corresponds almost exactly to the previously identified TRAF-binding domain and is by itself sufficient as a substrate for phosphorylation. (nus.edu.sg)
Site 1 was at least 10‐fold less effective than site 2 as a substrate for all four phosphatases. (dundee.ac.uk)

This phosphorylation by Src stimulates DDR2 cis-autophosphorylation of additional tyrosine residues. (korea.ac.kr)
Mutating tyrosine 740 of DDR2 to phenylalanine stimulates autophosphorylation of DDR2 to an extent similar to that resulting from Src phosphorylation of DDR2. (korea.ac.kr)

We show that Rho-dependent MRTF-A phosphorylation reflects relief from an inhibitory function of nuclear actin. (elifesciences.org)
Our results showing that only dephosphorylated (activated) cofilin binds with F-actin support previous observations that the state of cofilin phosphorylation determines its association with F-actin. (uni-muenchen.de)

Upon cytokine stimulation, STAT5 tyrosine phosphorylation (pYSTAT5) is transient, while in diverse neoplastic cells persistent overexpression and enhanced pYSTAT5 are frequently found. (nature.com)

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured on growth factor- reduced Matrigel and treated with a CO-releasing molecule (CORM-2) or exposed to CO gas (250 ppm). (aston.ac.uk)

CONCLUSIONS: These findings expand upon the current model for the involvement of ERK1/2 signaling in RBCs. (duke.edu)

Finally, we show that TTBK2 is also required for efficient phosphorylation of many S/T sites in CEP164 and provide evidence that TTBK2-induced phosphorylations of CEP164 modulate its function, which in turn seems relevant for the process of cilia formation. (muni.cz)
Although much attention has been devoted to the identification of phosphorylation sites in murine BAD (mBAD), little data are available with respect to phosphorylation of human BAD (hBAD) protein. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
We found that in contrast to the N-terminal phosphorylation sites, the C-terminal serines 124 and 134 act in an anti-apoptotic manner (Chapter 3.4). (uni-wuerzburg.de)
The level of protein phosphorylation at specific sites varies from less than 1% to greater than 90%, depending on conditions [ 26 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Proteomic analysis of ERK1/2-mediated human sickle red blood cell membrane protein phosphorylation. (duke.edu)
ERK1/2 is involved in activation of ICAM-4-mediated sickle RBC adhesion to the endothelium. (duke.edu)
However, other effects of the ERK1/2 activation in sickle RBCs leading to the complex SCD pathophysiology, such as alteration of RBC hemorheology are unknown. (duke.edu)

We previously showed that collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP-2) is critical for specifying axon/dendrite fate, possibly by promoting neurite elongation via microtubule assembly. (elsevierpure.com)

Functional mutagenesis experiments revealed that a subregion of the NTD (amino acids 323-427) was required for the partial agonist activity of RU486 induced by PR interaction with JDP-2. (nih.gov)

In particular, decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of beta-catenin is accompanied by increased interaction with both E-cadherin and the detergent insoluble cytoskeletal fraction. (rupress.org)

Inhibitors of IMP dehydrogenase stimulate the phosphorylation of the anti-human immunodeficiency virus nucleosides 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine. (aspetjournals.org)
RAF-induced phosphorylation of hBAD was not prevented by MEK inhibitors but could be reduced to control levels by use of the RAF inhibitor Sorafenib (BAY 43-9006). (uni-wuerzburg.de)

Additionally, we show that the interaction of the C-terminal segment of hBAD with the BH3 domain results in the formation of permanently open pores, whereby the phosphorylation of serine 118 proved to be necessary for effective pore-formation. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

In the current study we found that trypsin and the selective PAR-2 activating peptide, 2f-LIGKV-OH, stimulated large and sustained increases in the serine 536 phosphorylation of p65/RelA in a transfected skin epithelial cell line and primary keratinocytes. (strath.ac.uk)

7 The JAKs also trigger the activation and tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5, causing parallel dimerization, nuclear translocation and tetramerization of STAT5. (nature.com)

Overall, these data suggest that cross-talk between MRP1 glycosylation and phosphorylation occurs and that phosphorylation of Tyr920 and Ser921 can switch MRP1 to a lower-affinity, higher-capacity As(GS)3 transporter, allowing arsenic detoxification over a broad concentration range. (bvsalud.org)
Cellular respiration (oxidative phosphorylation) occurs in the mitochondria, where a series of enzymes catalyze the transfer of electrons to molecular oxygen and the generation of energy-storing adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (msdmanuals.com)

Phosphorylation alters the structural conformation of a protein, causing it to become either activated or deactivated, or otherwise modifying its function. (wikipedia.org)
We conclude that PR bound to RU486 and associated with JDP-2 adopts an active conformation in a subregion of the NTD requiring phosphorylation of serine 400 that is distinct from that promoted by progestin agonists. (nih.gov)

The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and subsequent production of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) by cortisol in the amnion contrast with the effect of cortisol on most other tissues, but this proinflammatory effect of cortisol may be a key event in human parturition (labor). (elsevierpure.com)

Treatment with PKC inhibitor GF109203X or PKCα siRNA reduced phosphorylation at 15 min but not 30 min, whilst rottlerin, a selective PKCδ inhibitor and PKCδ siRNA reduced the response at both time points. (strath.ac.uk)

The cytoplasmic domain of TNFR2 lacks tyrosines, and conversion of all 12 potential serine and threonine phosphorylation targets in x1c to alanines either had no effect on NF-κB activation or resulted in enhanced NF-κB activity, depending on the structural context of x1c. (nus.edu.sg)
We provide structural and biophysical evidence that phosphorylation of EF-Tu at T382 acts as an efficient switch that turns off protein synthesis by decoupling nucleotide binding from the EF-Tu conformational cycle. (whiterose.ac.uk)
These results indicate that the C-terminal part of hBAD controls hBAD function by structural transitions, lipid binding and phosphorylation. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

We investigated the new phosphorylation site for IκBα and identified its biological function in breast cancer cells. (researchsquare.com)

Parallel experiments showed that in both cell types, p65 NFκB phosphorylation is mediated through the selective activation of IKK2. (strath.ac.uk)
Although, PAK-1/2 activation was observed during LPA-stimulated platelet shape change, PAKs are unlikely to be involved in LIMK-1 activation in these cells. (uni-muenchen.de)
Surprisingly, the activation of LIMK-1 failed to increase cofilin phosphorylation during shape change induced by LPA as well as by thrombin. (uni-muenchen.de)
Thus, cortisol reinforced the activation of cAMP-PKA signaling through an SRC-STAT3-COX-2-PGE 2 -mediated feedback loop. (elsevierpure.com)
Here, we examined the kinetic relationship between Bcl-2 phosphorylation, Bcl-2-Beclin 1 interactions, Bcl-2-Bax interactions, and caspase 3 activation during nutrient starvation. (elsevierpure.com)
Here, using baculoviral co-expression of the DDR2 cytosolic domain and Src, we show that Src targets three tyrosine residues (Tyr-736, Tyr-740, and Tyr-741) in the activation loop of DDR2 for phosphorylation. (korea.ac.kr)

Phosphorylation of hBAD by active RAF promotes 14-3-3 protein association, whereby the phosphoserine 99 represents the major binding site. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

The phosphorylation of smooth muscle regulatory light chain by MLCK is the basic requirement for smooth muscle contraction and hollow organ physiological activities [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

At physiological ionic strength, phosphorylation of glycogen‐bound PP‐1 G was found to release all the phosphatase activity from glycogen. (dundee.ac.uk)

Here we focus on the role of autophagy in pancreatic beta cells during metabolic stress and type 2 diabetes. (lu.se)
Fat accumulation in skeletal muscle strongly associates with the development of muscle insulin resistance (IR), the main risk factor in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). (medscape.com)

The abundance of twelve of the thirty-six phosphopeptides were subsequently increased in normal RBCs co-incubated with recombinant ERK2 and therefore represent specific MEK1/2 phospho-inhibitory targets mediated via ERK2. (duke.edu)

Anatomy25

Organisms9

Chemicals and Drugs159

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment14

Phenomena and Processes45

Information Science3

Kinase26

Dephosphorylation8

Pathway11

Receptor14

Regulates6

Process of oxidative phosphorylation2

Proteins13

Regulation9

Oxidative phosphorylation defects2

Myosin light1

Serine phosphorylation1

Multisite phosphorylation1

Mitochondrial2

Inactivation1

Inhibits2

Contributes4

Established in vivo1

Mutation3

Inhibition3

Pathways4

Tyrosine residue1

Determinant1

Vivo3

Transcriptional1

Metabolism2

Tumor3

Kinases2

Affects1

Substrate3

Stimulates2

Actin2

Transient1

Endothelial-cells1

CONCLUSIONS1

Sites4

ERK13

Elongation1

Amino acids1

Cytoskeletal1

Inhibitors2

Interaction1

Epithelial cell1

Nuclear translocation1

Occurs2

Conformation2

Subsequent1

Inhibitor1

Structural3

Biological1

Activation6

Promotes1

Regulatory1

Bound1

Type 2 diabet2

Inhibitory1