• Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is a seizure that does not respond to appropriate doses of a benzodiazepine and a second-line antiepileptic drug (AED). (medscape.com)
  • Drug-Related Problems in Older Adults Drug-related problems are common in older adults and include drug ineffectiveness, adverse drug effects, overdosage, underdosage, inappropriate treatment, inadequate monitoring, nonadherence. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In vivo experiments showed that the prepared carriers had high tumor inhibition rates, good targeting effects on the liver and tumor, and significantly reduced toxicity to other tissues. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the first stage, 36 SD rats were randomly divided into sham group, I/R group, JDHXD-L group (5.36 g/kg/day), JDHXD-M group (10.71 g/kg/day), JDHXD-H group (21.42 g/kg/day), and positive drug edaravone group. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: The prepared HA-ss-PSA NPs could effectively inhibit the growth of HepG2 cells and tumors in vivo , indicating that PSA could be used as a backbone component of a safe and reliable drug delivery system, providing a new strategy for the treatment of liver cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • The clinical picture is by no means dependent on the mechanism of injury (direct hepatotoxicity, idiosyncratic reactions, hypersensitivity reactions). (nih.gov)
  • Hepatotoxicity from sulfonamides may represent a part of a spectrum of hypersensitivity due to sulfa-derived medications and have been linked to many cases of DRESS (drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) as well as Stevens Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrosis. (nih.gov)
  • Poisoning is distinguished from hypersensitivity and idiosyncratic reactions, which are unpredictable and not dose-related, and from intolerance, which is a toxic reaction to a usually nontoxic dose of a substance. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Some idiosyncratic drug reactions may occur from episodic decreases in the threshold for drug hepatotoxicity. (nih.gov)
  • The histamine-2 (H2)-receptor antagonist ranitidine (RAN) causes idiosyncratic reactions in people, with liver as a usual target. (nih.gov)
  • Famotidine (FAM) is an H2-antagonist for which the propensity for idiosyncratic reactions is far less than RAN. (nih.gov)
  • [ 10 ] According to some estimations, idiosyncratic drug reactions comprised 20% of all cases of severe liver injury in the United States. (medscape.com)
  • [ 11 ] These unpredictable idiosyncratic reactions may have metabolic or immunologic sources. (medscape.com)
  • Metabolic idiosyncratic reactions usually result in direct toxic damage to hepatocytes throughout the hepatic lobule, leading to apoptosis and variable degrees of necrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with HIV infection have higher rates of allergic reactions, but hepatotoxicity is uncommon even in this high-risk group. (nih.gov)
  • In the presence of risk factors such as obesity and diabetes, some drugs such as tamoxifen, oestrogens and nifedipine can precipitate or exacerbate steatohepatitis. (bmj.com)
  • Steatohepatitis is a rare form of DILD, and drugs account for fewer than 2% of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). (nih.gov)
  • drugs whic duce sporadic events of steatosis/steatohepatitis (e.g., carbamazepine). (nih.gov)
  • Drug-induced steatohepatitis. (nih.gov)
  • Drugs and steatohepatitis. (nih.gov)
  • Drug-induced steatohepatitis is also an uncommon pattern, but is well described with drugs such as amiodarone and irinotecan. (bmj.com)
  • ClinicalTrials.gov: Number, "type":"clinical-trial","attrs":"text":"NCT00345930″,"term_id":"NCT00345930″NCT00345930 Antagonists, Hepatotoxicity, Autoimmunity Biological response modifiers are prescribed to modify the bodys response to inflammation, infection, and PQM130 neoplasia. (health-e-nc.org)
  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) bring about their therapeutic effects through the inhibition of the cyclooxygenases (COX), the enzymes that produce the prostaglandins (PGs) [ 4 ]. (springeropen.com)
  • The unwanted side effects (irritation of the stomach lining and toxicity on the kidney) are as a result of the inhibition of COX-1 [ 4 ]. (springeropen.com)
  • Reliable diagnosis of drug-induced liver disease requires demonstration of close correlation between the patient history and clinical, laboratory, and histological data. (nih.gov)
  • The final diagnosis was an autoimmune hemolytic anemia secondary to drug-induced acute hepatitis. (medscape.com)
  • The diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a challenging problem, often confounded by incomplete clinical information and the difficulty of eliciting exposure to herbal products, over-the-counter agents and toxins. (bmj.com)
  • Drug-related injury can mimic all the patterns observed in primary liver disease, and an unequivocal histological diagnosis is not possible in the majority of cases. (bmj.com)
  • Most cases of DILI resolve on discontinuation of the drug, but recovery can take months or rarely the disease can progress despite drug withdrawal. (bmj.com)
  • The prognosis is usually good after drug discontinuation, although some patients may benefit from a course of corticosteroids. (health-e-nc.org)
  • Acute hepatitis, with or without cholestasis, is the most common histological pattern of DILI, and drugs such as acetaminophen are the leading causes of acute liver failure. (bmj.com)
  • Indeed, the sulfonamides remain one of the most common causes of drug induced acute liver failure and account for 5% to 10% of instances in many case series. (nih.gov)
  • Histological patterns in drug-induced liver disease. (nih.gov)
  • Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is a seizure that does not respond to appropriate doses of a benzodiazepine and a second-line antiepileptic drug (AED). (medscape.com)
  • Drug idiosyncrasy is an adverse event of unknown etiology that occurs in a small fraction of people taking a drug. (nih.gov)
  • Evaluation of liver biopsy for adverse drug reaction is one of the most challenging problems in liver pathology. (bmj.com)
  • Drug-Related Problems in Older Adults Drug-related problems are common in older adults and include drug ineffectiveness, adverse drug effects, overdosage, underdosage, inappropriate treatment, inadequate monitoring, nonadherence. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Toxicity may result from exposure to excess amounts of normally nontoxic substances. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The task is further rendered difficult on biopsy, as drugs can mimic all the patterns found in primary liver disease. (bmj.com)
  • However, they are often under-prescribed in patients with chronic liver disease or cirrhosis due to concerns of bleeding or hepatotoxicity [ 10 , 11 ]. (e-cmh.org)
  • Inadequate clinical history and multiple drugs being taken simultaneously often compound the problem. (bmj.com)
  • The patient was diagnosed with drug-induced acute hepatitis. (medscape.com)
  • Hepatotoxicity appears to be a class effect, in that virtually all sulfonamides used today have been linked to rare, but convincing cases of drug induced liver injury. (nih.gov)
  • Drug-induced liver diseases (DILD) are clinico-pathologic patterns of liver injury caused by drugs or other foreign compounds. (nih.gov)
  • These efforts in specific aimed to develop compounds an eye to bloc with cytostatic drugs in cancer patients in which transporter over-expression contributes to medical fail- ure. (janmille.ru)
  • Six were enrolled in the ongoing U.S. Drug-Induced Liver PQM130 Injury Network (DILIN) Prospective Registry Study.7 We also performed a detailed literature search and critically reviewed 34 additional published cases. (health-e-nc.org)
  • in the GI tract, where they tend to remain, continuing to be absorbed and causing toxicity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Occasionally, tablets (eg, aspirin , iron, enteric-coated drugs) form large concretions ( bezoars ) in the GI tract, where they tend to remain, continuing to be absorbed and causing toxicity. (bhaskarhealth.com)
  • therefore, in these patients, it may be necessary to monitor the hemodynamic response and/or drug level. (nih.gov)
  • Dapsone is a sulfonamide related drug that is used for the therapy of leprosy and dermatitits herpetiformis. (nih.gov)