Hepatic bile ducts bile ducts intrahepatic. Medical search. Frequent questions

Liver cancer (also known as hepatic cancer, primary hepatic cancer, or primary hepatic malignancy) is cancer that starts in the liver. (wikipedia.org)
Liver cancer can come from the liver parenchyma as well as other structures within the liver such as the bile duct, blood vessels and immune cells There are many sub-types of liver cancer, the most common of which are described below. (wikipedia.org)
Cancer of the bile duct (cholangiocarcinoma and cholangiocellular cystadenocarcinoma) account for approximately 6% of primary liver cancers. (wikipedia.org)
Intrahepatic CCA is the second leading cause of primary liver cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Liver markers that can be increased with intrahepatic CCA are carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA19-9, and CA-125. (wikipedia.org)
Pre-operative hepatic artery chemoembolization followed by orthotopic liver transplantation for HCC. (aetna.com)
Aetna considers intra-hepatic chemotherapy (infusion) medically necessary for members with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. (aetna.com)
Intra-hepatic chemotherapy for other indications not listed above, including treatment of liver primaries or metastases from other primaries (e.g., breast) besides colorectal cancer. (aetna.com)
Intra-hepatic microspheres for metastases from esophageal cancer, gallbladder cancer, uveal melanom a, liver metastases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and other indications not listed above. (aetna.com)
demonstrate that loss of Yap1 in developing livers leads to absence of intrahepatic bile ducts, preventing bile secretion from liver to small intestines. (pitt.edu)
Cholangiocarcinoma is a type of cancer that develops within the bile duct system, which is a series of small tubes that transport bile fluid from the liver (where it is produced) to the gallbladder (where it is stored). (moffitt.org)
The most common type is perihilar, or hilar, bile duct cancer, which forms in the hilum (the point where the left and right hepatic ducts join together to exit the liver). (moffitt.org)
Intrahepatic bile duct cancers originate in the small bile duct branches inside the liver. (moffitt.org)
Your bile duct is a four- to five-inch-long thin tube transferring bile fluid to your small intestine from your gallbladder and liver. (marijuanadoctors.com)
These occur via the hilum, the spot where your right and left hepatic ducts connect and exit your liver. (marijuanadoctors.com)
Intrahepatic bile duct cancers develop inside your liver inside smaller bile duct branches. (marijuanadoctors.com)
They're extrahepatic bile duct cancers, like perihilar cancers, since they develop outside your liver. (marijuanadoctors.com)
The two primary clinical phenotypes are within the liver, or intrahepatic, large ductal tumors and mass-forming tumors. (marijuanadoctors.com)
A side effect of a build-up of bilirubin or abnormal liver function, fever and nausea could also occur due to a bile duct blockage causing cholangitis, or infection. (marijuanadoctors.com)
Hepatic angiosarcomas and epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas can be easily overseen in liver biopsies, if they spread along the sinusoids without detoriation of the acinar architecture and without significant alteration of the surrounding liver cell plates. (springer.com)
Gerlag PGG, Van Hoof JP (1987) Hepatic sinusoidal dilatation with portal hypertension during azathioprine treatment: a cause of chronic liver disease after kidney transplantation. (springer.com)
Extrahepatic cholestasis results from the mechanical obstruction to large bile ducts outside the liver or within the porta hepatis. (gpnotebook.com)
The liver is enlarged and the intra-hepatic bile ducts widely dilated. (gpnotebook.com)
Hepatocytes (liver parenchymal cells) perform the liver's metabolic functions: Formation and excretion of bile as a component of bilirubin metabolism. (merckmanuals.com)
The liver uses active transport to secrete bile salts into the canaliculus, the cleft between adjacent hepatocytes. (merckmanuals.com)
From the liver, bile flows from the intrahepatic collecting system into the right or left hepatic duct, then into the common hepatic duct. (merckmanuals.com)
Returned to the liver, bile salts are efficiently extracted, promptly modified (eg, conjugated if they arrive in the free form), and secreted back into bile. (merckmanuals.com)
Bile salts circulate through this pathway from liver to gut to liver-the enterohepatic circulation-10 to 12 times/day. (merckmanuals.com)
Traditionally, bile duct tumors located within the liver had been classified with hepatocellular carcinoma as primary liver tumors. (tri-kobe.org)
[ 1 ] In contrast, bile duct tumors located outside of the liver had been classified with gallbladder cancer as extrahepatic biliary tract tumors. (tri-kobe.org)
The biliary system consists of a network of ducts that carry bile from the liver to the small bowel and is classified by its anatomic location (Figure 1 ). (tri-kobe.org)
Bile is produced by the liver and is important for fat digestion. (tri-kobe.org)
The bile ducts located within the liver are called intrahepatic bile ducts. (tri-kobe.org)
The bile ducts located outside of the liver are called extrahepatic bile ducts. (tri-kobe.org)
They include part of the right and left hepatic ducts that are outside the liver, the common hepatic duct, and the common bile duct. (tri-kobe.org)
The hilum is the region where the right and left hepatic ducts exit the liver and join to form the common hepatic duct that is proximal to the origin of the cystic duct. (tri-kobe.org)
Bile duct cancer may occur more frequently in patients with a history of primary sclerosing cholangitis, chronic ulcerative colitis, choledochal cysts, or infections with the liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis . (tri-kobe.org)
Intrahepatic bile duct cancer may be relatively indolent and difficult to clinically differentiate from metastatic adenocarcinoma deposits in the liver. (tri-kobe.org)
In addition, serious hepatic manifestations like cholangiopathy and liver failure have been described. (springermedizin.at)
Evaluation of the Patient With a Liver Disorder History and physical examination often suggest a cause of potential liver disorders and narrow the scope of testing for hepatic and biliary disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
Laboratory Tests of the Liver and Gallbladder Laboratory tests are generally effective for the following: Detecting hepatic dysfunction Assessing the severity of liver injury Monitoring the course of liver diseases and the response to treatment. (msdmanuals.com)
Surgeons should not hesitate to perform biliary reconstruction with hepatic resection to reduce the risk of cholangitis or biliary strictures of the remnant liver. (elsevierpure.com)
The hepatic nervous system has been implicated in physiological functions and regeneration of the liver. (biologists.com)
Synchronous development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in different sites of the liver have rarely been reported before. (biomedcentral.com)
Primary liver cancers are divided into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) according to the histological type. (biomedcentral.com)
We herein present a patient who underwent hepatic resection for double primary hepatic cancer without a background of obvious liver cirrhosis. (biomedcentral.com)
The patient was diagnosed with double primary hepatic cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma) and underwent partial liver hepatectomy and cholecystectomy. (biomedcentral.com)
LIVER: Hepatic veins and I.V.C. are normal. (thinnai.com)
The median survival time of primary hepatic SCC/ASC patients after liver resection (LR) was 15 months. (biomedcentral.com)
Primary hepatic ASC was defined as a liver tumor containing definite components of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and sometimes it was considered as a variant of cholangiocarcinoma [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Collagenous carcinoma, commonly known as bladder cancer, develops into small liver-shaped bile ducts in the liver. (labtestsguide.com)
Bile duct cancer accounts for about 10 to 20% of all liver cancers. (labtestsguide.com)
When cancer starts in the liver, it is called intra-hepatic bile duct cancer. (labtestsguide.com)
When cancer starts in the duct section outside the liver, it is called extra-hepatic bile duct cancer. (labtestsguide.com)
portal hypertension and eventual liver failure typically develop as a result of the hepatic fibrosis. (qxmd.com)
A liver biopsy revealed proliferation of collagen fibers surrounding the portal area, a finding that was compatible with congenital hepatic fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
The primary bile acids are derived from cholesterol in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. (lookformedical.com)
Spectral Doppler ultrasonographic waveform of the right hepatic artery in a 60-year-old man, 8 years after orthotopic liver transplantation. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] In addition, an association of PPI treatment with an increased risk for C. difficile infection, hepatic encephalopathy [ 4 ] and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis have been reported. (medscape.com)
The gallbladder is part of a network of structures known collectively as the biliary tree, which drains bile from the liver into the duodenum to facilitate digestion. (cdc.gov)
Secreted by the liver, bile is composed largely of bile salts, bile pigments and small amounts of organic materials such as cholesterol, lecithin, fatty acid and mucin. (cdc.gov)
Bile salts are produced by the liver and are essential for the digestion and absorption of fat in the small intestine. (cdc.gov)

During fasting, about 75% of the bile secreted passes from the common hepatic duct into the gallbladder via the cystic duct. (merckmanuals.com)
During fasting, the gallbladder absorbs up to 90% of bile water, concentrating and storing bile. (merckmanuals.com)
Bile empties from the gallbladder into the common bile duct. (merckmanuals.com)
Upper abdominal ultrasound showed dilated intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts and a distended gallbladder. (ispub.com)
Upper abdominal ultrasound (US) showed dilated intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts and a distended gallbladder. (ispub.com)
Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT, usually in the gallbladder (CHOLECYSTOLITHIASIS) or the common bile duct (CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS). (lookformedical.com)
Gallbladder allows the delivery of bile acids at a high concentration and in a controlled manner, via the CYSTIC DUCT to the DUODENUM, for degradation of dietary lipid. (lookformedical.com)
The duct that is connected to the GALLBLADDER and allows the emptying of bile into the COMMON BILE DUCT. (lookformedical.com)
Diseases in any part of the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER. (lookformedical.com)
Carcinoid tumors and small-cell carcinomas of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts: a comparative study based on 221 cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. (cancercentrum.se)
Hepatic resection in 485 R0 pT2 and pT3 cases of advanced carcinoma of the gallbladder: results of a Japanese Society of Biliary Surgery survey--a multicenter study. (cancercentrum.se)
Should the extrahepatic bile duct be resected or preserved in R0 radical surgery for advanced gallbladder carcinoma? (cancercentrum.se)
Circulation to the gallbladder is supplied primarily by the cystic artery, a branch of the right hepatic artery, and the cystic veins, which drain directly into the portal vein. (cdc.gov)
The function of the gallbladder is to provide a reservoir for the storage and concentration of bile. (cdc.gov)

Risk factors for development of intrahepatic CCA include opisthorchus viverrini infection, Clonorchis sinensis infection, sclerosing cholangitis, choledochal cysts, past procedures of the biliary tree, exposure to thorotrast and dioxins, and cirrhosis. (wikipedia.org)

Bile duct tumors aren't all cancerous. (marijuanadoctors.com)
A couple examples of non-cancerous (benign) tumors are bile duct adenomas and bile duct hamartomas. (marijuanadoctors.com)
Since your bile duct is situated deep inside your body, doctors can't easily detect tumors during routine physical examinations. (marijuanadoctors.com)
[ 1 ] The classification of bile duct tumors has changed to include intrahepatic tumors of the bile ducts and extrahepatic tumors (perihilar and distal) of the bile ducts. (tri-kobe.org)
Tumors of the intrahepatic bile ducts originate in small intrahepatic ductules or large intrahepatic ducts that are proximal to the bifurcation of the right and left hepatic ducts. (tri-kobe.org)
These tumors are also known as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. (tri-kobe.org)
Interestingly, the immunohistochemical results also showed that the classic hepatic progenitor cell (HPCs) markers CD34 and CD117 were both positive of the two tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Percutaneous thermal ablation of hepatic tumors is accepted as a safe, reliable, and cost-effective therapeutic option for treating hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic metastases. (dirjournal.org)
This review will focus on the various vascular complications related to percutaneous thermal ablation of hepatic tumors and discuss strategies to avoid and manage these complications. (dirjournal.org)
To approach centrally located tumors more cautiously, avoid tumors abutting large major blood vessels and biliary ducts. (dirjournal.org)
Several studies, trials, and meta-analyses comparing thermal ablation with surgical resection of small hepatic tumors have shown that thermal ablation is less expensive and invasive. (dirjournal.org)
Significant needle tract bleeding is a major complication (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 3 or higher) of percutaneous thermal ablation of hepatic tumors, as it can be immediately life-threatening and may lead to prolonged hospitalization. (dirjournal.org)
Needle tract bleeding is also the most common vascular complication related to percutaneous thermal ablation of hepatic tumors. (dirjournal.org)
The inflammatory AML should be distinguished from other tumors with inflammatory background such as inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and follicular dendritic cell tumor and deserves wider recognition for its occurrence as a primary hepatic tumor. (biomedcentral.com)
Of these, inflammatory or pelioid pattern usually presents as a focal finding within the tumor, but very rarely, they become the predominant pattern [ 4 ], creating great diagnostic confusion with other tumors such as inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), follicular dendritc cell (FDC) tumor and other hepatic mesenchymal neoplasms. (biomedcentral.com)
Hendriquez R, Keihanian T, Goyal J, Abraham RR, Mishra R, Girotra M. Radiofrequency ablation in the management of primary hepatic and biliary tumors. (wjgnet.com)
In the United States, 80%-90% of primary hepatic tumors are hepatocellular carcinomas and 10%-15% are cholangiocarcinomas (CCA), both with high mortality rate, particularly CCA, which portends a worse prognosis. (wjgnet.com)

Cystic duct , 6. (wikipedia.org)
The biliary tree also includes the cystic duct, the right and left hepatic ducts, and the common hepatic and common bile ducts, as well as a series of microscopic biliary vessels. (cdc.gov)
It consists of a rounded fundus, smooth body and tapering neck, which becomes contiguous with the cystic duct and attaches to the porta hepatis. (cdc.gov)

Meanwhile, 40 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and 26 metastatic hepatic SCC or ASC patients who were hospitalized in the same period were also reviewed to make a comparison. (biomedcentral.com)
We report the case of a 27-year-old Iranian woman with congenital hepatic fibrosis leading to cirrhosis and subsequently hepatocellular carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
During preparation for transplant, a hepatic mass was discovered which was found to be hepatocellular carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)

Caroli disease and Caroli syndrome are rare congenital disorders of the intrahepatic bile ducts. (medscape.com)
This form is less common than Caroli syndrome, in which malformations of small bile ducts and congenital hepatic fibrosis are also present. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] As with congenital hepatic fibrosis , Caroli syndrome is often associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) . (medscape.com)
therefore, Caroli syndrome is thought to belong in the same spectrum of disease as congenital hepatic fibrosis and ARPKD. (medscape.com)
Caroli syndrome (ectasia of the large and small bile ducts with congenital hepatic fibrosis) is more common than Caroli disease (ectasia of only the large bile ducts). (medscape.com)
The incidence of ARPKD/congenital hepatic fibrosis is approximately 1:20,000 live births. (medscape.com)
Patients with Caroli syndrome or Caroli disease may have cholangitis and may also have complications of portal hypertension as is observed in congenital hepatic fibrosis. (medscape.com)
Nakanuma Y, Harada K, Sato Y, Ikeda H. Recent progress in the etiopathogenesis of pediatric biliary disease, particularly Caroli's disease with congenital hepatic fibrosis and biliary atresia. (medscape.com)
Congenital hepatic fibrosis in children. (medscape.com)
Congenital dilation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. (medscape.com)
The second is called Caroli syndrome, which consists of Caroli disease and congenital hepatic fibrosis and might lead to portal hypertension leading to esophageal varices and splenomegaly. (raredis.org)
Congenital hepatic fibrosis is an uncommon cause of portal hypertension. (biomedcentral.com)
Congenital hepatic fibrosis is included in the group of congenital diseases of fibropolycystic disorders. (biomedcentral.com)

They are both characterized by dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary tree. (medscape.com)
The term Caroli disease is applied if the disease is limited to ectasia or segmental dilatation of the larger intrahepatic ducts. (medscape.com)
In Caroli disease, abnormalities of the bile duct occur at the level of the large intrahepatic ducts (ie, left and right hepatic ducts, segmental ducts), resulting in dilatation and ectasia. (medscape.com)
Blood workup was consistent with obstructive jaundice and ultrasound examination revealed dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts and the common bile duct. (eurorad.org)
This duodenal thickening caused biliary and pancreatic ducts dilatation. (eurorad.org)
1987) Hepatic sinusoidal dilatation in Hodgkin's disease. (springer.com)
Caroli disease is multifocal segmental dilatation of the large intrahepatic bile ducts that connect to the main duct. (raredis.org)
There are two types of Caroli: the first type is the simple type, Caroli disease, which includes only cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. (raredis.org)
The disease now most often referred to as Caroli's disease is a rare condition characterized by nonobstructive saccular or fusiform dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. (qxmd.com)

Primary biliary cholangitis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and bile secretion. (edu.au)

The most common types are HCC, which makes up 80% of cases and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. (wikipedia.org)
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an epithelial cancer of the intra-hepatic biliary tree branches. (wikipedia.org)
Based on where the cancer initially develops within the bile duct system, cholangiocarcinoma is classified into three general categories. (moffitt.org)
Doctors also refer to bile duct cancer using the medical term cholangiocarcinoma. (marijuanadoctors.com)
Cancer of the bile duct (also called cholangiocarcinoma) is extremely rare. (tri-kobe.org)
AJCC 7th edition of TNM staging accurately discriminates outcomes of patients with resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: By the AFC-IHCC-2009 study group. (cancercentrum.se)

Cholangitis occurs in the presence of partial or complete obstruction of the common bile duct (CBD), with increased intraluminal pressures, bacterial infection of the bile with multiplication of the organisms within the duct, and seeding of the bloodstream with bacteria or endotoxin. (medscape.com)

Fortunately, the left hepatic duct was judged to be normal by imaging. (elsevierpure.com)

There was no invasion to the portal vein, hepatic artery or surrounding structures. (ispub.com)
A-1: Magnetic resonance angiogram in a transplantation patient with hepatic artery thrombosis. (medscape.com)
Magnetic resonance angiogram of the recipient celiac axis depicts complete occlusion of the hepatic artery. (medscape.com)
C-1: Gortex hepatic artery graft thrombosis in a 59-year-old man (shown by arrow). (medscape.com)

Aetna considers percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) medically necessary for the treatment of hepatocellular cancers (HCC) without extra-hepatic spread. (aetna.com)
Cancers may occur in any area of your bile duct system. (marijuanadoctors.com)
They group them as extrahepatic bile duct cancers with distal bile duct cancers. (marijuanadoctors.com)
You may also divide bile duct cancers into kinds determined by the appearance of cancer cells under a microscope. (marijuanadoctors.com)
Regardless of type, physicians refer to almost all bile duct cancers as cholangiocarcinomas. (marijuanadoctors.com)
This PDQ cancer information summary for health professionals provides comprehensive, peer-reviewed, evidence-based information about the treatment of bile duct cancers. (tri-kobe.org)
Many bile duct cancers are multifocal. (tri-kobe.org)

After local resection, the bile and pancreatic ducts were reconstructed. (ispub.com)
PKHD1 encodes the protein fibrocystin, which is expressed in cortical and medullary ducts in the kidney as well as biliary and pancreatic ducts in a pattern consistent with the histologic patterns seen in ARPKD. (medscape.com)

During admission, she developed abdominal pain, worsening abdominal distention and hepatic encephalopathy. (biomedcentral.com)

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed complete obstruction of the common hepatic duct, which was caused by clipping during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. (elsevierpure.com)

There is inadequate information to document the effectiveness of PEI as an alternative to surgical resection for the treatment of hepatic metastases. (aetna.com)
Therefore, we elected to perform a right hepatic lobectomy and left hepaticojejunostomy, because we felt that performing a hepaticojejunostomy without hepatic resection would put the patient at risk of continuing to suffer from cholangitis. (elsevierpure.com)
We performed hepatic resection of both segments. (biomedcentral.com)
Hepatic resection is the preferred and most effective treatment choice. (biomedcentral.com)

Perisinusoidal fibrosis can be caused by intrasinusoidal accumulation of pathologic cells, advanced intrasinusoidal macrophagocytic storage diseases and by activation of the vitamin A-storing hepatic stellate cells. (springer.com)
Chapter 23 (Intrahepatic Bile Ducts) describes it as "nontumoral hepatic parenchymal fibrosis/cirrhosis. (cancer.gov)

A storage reservoir for BILE secretion. (lookformedical.com)

ERCP image showing the pancreatic duct and biliary tree . (wikipedia.org)

laparoscopic examination of the biliary system for screening of stones and evaluation of hepatic and pancreatic lesions, etc. (imagingsol.com.au)

The true incidence of bile duct cancer is unknown, however, because establishing an accurate diagnosis is difficult. (tri-kobe.org)
1 , 2 , 4 , 5 Incidence and mortality rates for intrahepatic CC have risen steeply and steadily across the world over the past few decades with concomitant falls in extrahepatic CC rates. (bmj.com)

Investigations including complete blood count, blood smear, bone marrow biopsy, esophagoscopy, abdominal ultrasound, and computed tomography scan show splenomegaly associated with hypersplenism, fourth-grade non-bleeding varices, intrahepatic cystic formations in the left and right lobes, and an atrial septal defect with a left-to-right shunt. (raredis.org)
A 48-year-old Chinese female with underlying hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was found to have a low echoic hepatic nodule by abdominal ultrasound. (biomedcentral.com)

There are still several controversies and ambiguities in the aspects of primary hepatic squamous cell carcinoma and primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
We reviewed the clinical features and outcomes of three primary hepatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients and six primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) patients from January 1998 to December 2011 in Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital in China. (biomedcentral.com)
Both primary hepatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) are very rare. (biomedcentral.com)

Improving resectability of hepatic colorectal metastases: expert consensus statement. (cancercentrum.se)

Common hepatic duct , 5. (wikipedia.org)
Common bile duct , 7. (wikipedia.org)
The rest flows directly into the common bile duct (formed by the junction of the common hepatic and cystic ducts) into the duodenum. (merckmanuals.com)
The common bile duct joins with the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater, which empties into the duodenum. (merckmanuals.com)
Before joining the pancreatic duct, the common bile duct tapers to a diameter of ≤ 0.6 cm. (merckmanuals.com)
The sphincter of Oddi, which surrounds both the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct, includes a sphincter for each duct. (merckmanuals.com)
This region includes the common bile duct and inserts into the small intestine. (tri-kobe.org)
During surgery the common bile duct and choledochus were found to be dilated. (ispub.com)
Common bile duct is not dilated. (thinnai.com)
Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the COMMON BILE DUCT. (lookformedical.com)
Ultrasonography (US), CT, MRI, cholangiography, angiography and scintigraphy are the most common radiological modalities used to evaluate the hepatic graft. (medscape.com)

Laboratory examinations revealed anaemia, elevated hepatic enzymes, elevated bilirubin profile that suggested obstructive jaundice and raised CA 19.9 levels. (eurorad.org)
Bile is isosmotic with plasma and consists primarily of water and electrolytes but also organic compounds: bile salts, phospholipids (mostly lecithin), cholesterol, bilirubin, and other endogenously produced or ingested compounds, such as proteins that regulate gastrointestinal function and drugs or their metabolites. (merckmanuals.com)
Bile salts are also biologic detergents that enable the body to excrete cholesterol and potentially toxic compounds (eg, bilirubin, drug metabolites). (merckmanuals.com)

CCN1 also induced Jag1 expression in hepatic stellate cells, whereupon they interacted with hepatic progenitor cells to promote their differentiation into cholangiocytes. (jci.org)

Interior of the descending portion of the duodenum, showing bile papilla. (wikipedia.org)
The function of bile salts in the duodenum is to solubilize ingested fat and fat-soluble vitamins, facilitating their digestion and absorption. (merckmanuals.com)
Detachable stomach and duodenum allowing various scanning methods of the bile duct and pancreas. (imagingsol.com.au)

Primary hepatic carcinoid tumor (PHCT) is very rare and difficult to diagnose before biopsy or operation. (biomedcentral.com)
PHCT should be one of the differential diagnoses in patients with small hepatic tumor, even in regions with high prevalence of HBV infection and HCC. (biomedcentral.com)
Serum tumor markers showed significant differences between primary hepatic SCC/ASC and HCC patients, especially for serum alpha fetal protein (AFP) level and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9). (biomedcentral.com)

Computed Tomography (CT) revealed intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct dilation. (ispub.com)

They presented peripheral hepatic lymph node metastasis more likely and showed low proportion of microvascular invasion. (biomedcentral.com)

Distal cholangiocarcinomas are found further down the bile duct, closer to the small intestine. (moffitt.org)
The extrahepatic bile ducts can be further divided into the perihilar (hilum) region and distal region. (tri-kobe.org)

As food moves through the digestive tract, bile is released into the small intestine, where it aids digestion and facilitates the body's absorption of fats. (moffitt.org)

In the absence of symptoms of the primary disease, most patients with bile duct strictures remain asymptomatic until the lumen of the bile duct is sufficiently narrowed to cause resistance to the flow of bile. (medscape.com)
We also review the current literature of related clinicopathological features and investigate the origin of double primary hepatic cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Minimally invasive therapies like image-guided percutaneous thermal ablation have gained widespread acceptance as a method for treating focal primary and secondary hepatic malignancies. (dirjournal.org)
In order to find out the definite survival information of SCC and ASC patients, 30 previous studies containing 37 primary hepatic SCC (16) and ASC (21) patients were reviewed, and their information of survival was analyzed together with the included patients in our hospital. (biomedcentral.com)
The comprehensive application of some clinical characteristics, histopathologic features, and imaging findings may be useful for us in making definite diagnoses for primary hepatic SCC and ASC patients preoperatively. (biomedcentral.com)
We retrospectively investigated some primary hepatic SCC or ASC patients in our hospital to research the characteristics of these two kinds of diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
There were just nine patients who suffered from histologically proven primary hepatic SCC (three patients) or ASC (six patients) had surgical treatment during the 14 years in our hospital, and all of them were included as the primary SCC/ASC group. (biomedcentral.com)

most intestinal bile salts reach the terminal ileum, which actively absorbs 90% of bile salts into the portal venous circulation. (merckmanuals.com)

We report a case requiring biliary reconstruction with right hepatic lobectomy due to biliary strictures caused by continuous cholangitis after laparoscopic bile duct injury. (elsevierpure.com)

Bile does not normally flow retrograde into the pancreatic duct. (merckmanuals.com)
Fiberoptic endoscopy designed for duodenal observation and cannulation of VATER'S AMPULLA, in order to visualize the pancreatic and biliary duct system by retrograde injection of contrast media. (lookformedical.com)

Knock-in mice expressing a CCN1 mutant that is unable to bind α v β 5 /α v β 3 were impaired in ductular reaction, leading to massive hepatic necrosis and mortality after bile duct ligation (BDL), whereas treatment of these mice with soluble JAG1 rescued ductular reaction and reduced hepatic necrosis and mortality. (jci.org)

The precursor of the intrahepatic biliary tree is a sheath of cells surrounding the portal vein branches, known as the ductal plate (DP). (medscape.com)
Cholangiography from percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) catheters revealed that sections of the secondary branches of the right intrahepatic bile duct had become constricted due to persistent cholangitis. (elsevierpure.com)

The resulting inflammatory folliculitis stimulates keratinization of the sebaceous gland ducts and outer root sheath of the hair, leading to the formation of keratin cysts. (cdc.gov)

Odievre M et al (1981) Long-term prognosis for infants with intrahepatic cholestatis and patent extrahepatic biliary tract. (altmeyers.org)

Anatomy43

Organisms9

Diseases83

Chemicals and Drugs46

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment60

Phenomena and Processes10

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Named Groups1

Health Care9

Liver62

Gallbladder14

Sclerosing cholangitis1

Tumors17

Cystic duct3

Hepatocellular carcinoma3

Congenital13

Dilatation9

Intra-hepatic bile ducts1

Cholangiocarcinoma6

Complete obstruction of the common bile1

Left hepatic duct1

Artery4

Cancers7

Pancreatic ducts2

Encephalopathy1

Obstruction1

Resection4

Fibrosis2

Secretion1

Showing the pancreatic duct1

Lesions1

Incidence2

Ultrasound2

Carcinoma3

Metastases1

Common11

Bilirubin3

Stellate cells1

Duodenum3

Tumor3

Computed tomography1

Metastasis1

Distal2

Digestion1

Primary7

Venous1

Laparoscopic1

Retrograde2

Ductular reaction1

Branches2

Cysts1

Extrahepatic biliary tract1