AntibodiesZikaDENVInfection with the dengue virusTransmit dengue and chikungunya virusesSevereInfectionsAedes2023SerotypesChikungunyaMajor targets of dengueEbolaSerotypeEndemicClinicalSerologicalYellow feverSymptomsVaccineFlavivirusesIllnessAcuteAntigensStrainsMonoclonal antibodyPathogensLaboratoryWest NileMosquitoesEncephalitisELISAInfectiousDiseasesMalariaAntigenImmune complexesArthropod-bornePreventionRespiratory syncyReduction neutralization testInfluenza A virHighly pathogenicLaboratoriesAfricaShockPandemicInfantsMarburgDifferentialVectorPRNTHumansOccursBunyaviridaeLassaPlaqueGeneticReplicationPathogenic
Antibodies26
- Using IgM-capture ELISAs, we evaluated samples for antibodies to arthropod-borne and other hemorrhagic fever viruses. (cdc.gov)
- Monoclonal antibodies specific for dengue virus type 3. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- In ADE, antibodies from a first dengue infection fail to neutralize a second dengue virus of a different serotype during re-infection. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- When a person is infected with the dengue virus for the first time, the immune system responds by producing antibodies specific to that serotype. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- These antibodies will neutralize the virus and aid in its clearance, thus resolving the infection. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- For instance, infants born to dengue-immune mothers are at a higher risk of severe disease due to the presence of maternal antibodies, which can enhance viral infection. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Nineteen national-level public health laboratories performed routine dengue diagnostic assays on a proficiency testing panel consisting of two modules: one containing commercial serum samples spiked with cultured dengue viruses for the detection of nucleic acid and non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (Module A) and one containing human serum samples for the detection of anti-dengue virus antibodies (Module B). A review of logistics arrangements was also conducted. (who.int)
- These results were obtained even though 91% of the children had circulating dengue or Japanese encephalitis antibodies before vaccination, neutralizing antibodies developed to all 4 DENVs, and neutralizing antibody titers increased 2-3 fold after 3 doses of vaccine in 80%-90% of vaccinated children. (blogspot.com)
- Studies on human primary immune responses to dengue infection have identified critical attachment sites on the virion for neutralizing antibodies ( 4 ). (blogspot.com)
- There is evidence that DENV neutralization titers differ when the same antibodies are assayed in epithelial and Fc-receptor-bearing cells ( 8 ). (blogspot.com)
- Antiviral activities of antibodies may either be dependent only on interactions between the antibody and cognate antigen, as in binding and neutralization of an infectious virion, or instead may require interactions between antibody-antigen immune complexes and immunoproteins or Fc receptor expressing immune effector cells. (frontiersin.org)
- We propose that additional investigation into the role of ADCP in protective viral responses, the specific virus epitopes targeted by ADCP antibodies, and the types of phagocytes and Fc receptors involved in ADCP at sites of virus infection will provide insight into strategies to successfully leverage this important immune response for improved antiviral immunity through rational vaccine design. (frontiersin.org)
- Guidelines for Plaque-Reduction Neutralization Testing of Human Antibodies to Dengue Viruses. (medscape.com)
- Background: Maternal immunisation to boost respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibodies in pregnant women, is a strategy being considered to enhance infant protection from severe RSV associated disease. (ox.ac.uk)
- Methods: Using a plaque reduction neutralization assay, we screened 400 pairs of cord and maternal serum specimens from pregnant women for RSV-specific antibodies. (ox.ac.uk)
- Positive and equivocal samples were confirmed for anti-ZIKV-neutralizing antibodies by virus neutralization tests. (ox.ac.uk)
- TWiV 1045: Less Lassa, CRISPR RNA viruses September 17, 2023 TWiV reviews a Lassa virus mRNA vaccine that confers protection against disease without inducing neutralizing antibodies, and a CRISPR-based method for engineering the genome of RNA viruses. (microbe.tv)
- In the first phase test of the two vaccines, high titers of neutralizing antibodies can be induced, and strong CD4+ and CD8+ reactions are produced, accompanied by mild to moderate adverse reactions. (medicaltrend.org)
- Thereafter, exudates obtained from these same lymph nodes were tested for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies using a surrogate virus neutralization test. (cdc.gov)
- The performance of the nanoribbon biosensor upon the use of two different types of molecular probes - the antibodies and the aptamers against HCVcoreAg - has been tested. (preprints.org)
- There are several reasons to be worried about, including faster transmission, more severe illness, decreased neutralisation by antibodies and or reduced efficiency of treatment and vaccines.The pandemic is far from over. (metropolisindia.com)
- The authors found that antibodies from vaccinated individuals were not as effective at neutralizing the virus variant in a lab study. (metropolisindia.com)
- When a vaccine is administered to an individual, they can make antibodies to many different parts of the virus. (metropolisindia.com)
- If one part mutates to give rise to a new variant, like the delta variant, then antibodies to other parts of the virus should still provide enough protection. (metropolisindia.com)
- Book a quantitative COVID antibody test and check how many antibodies you developed after completing your COVID jabs. (metropolisindia.com)
- This includes reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for viral RNA, and immunoglobulin (Ig) M ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for Zika virus antibodies. (blogspot.com)
Zika37
- As the weather begins to warm across the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention wants pediatricians to know how to recognize, diagnose, and treat Zika virus infection. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- Zika virus has been blamed for as many as 5000 cases of microcephaly in Brazil, and while it's not being spread locally throughout US states at this time, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is urging pediatricians to familiarize themselves with the virus to help educate patients about the risks. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- Because pediatricians might be caring for women who are pregnant or who might be thinking about becoming pregnant, we also wanted to be sure they were aware of the link between Zika virus during pregnancy and microcephaly, other serious problems of the brain, and other problems in pregnancy," Rasmussen says. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- Women who are pregnant should not travel to areas with active Zika virus spread. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- Pregnant women with male sex partners who have lived in or traveled to an area where Zika virus is spreading should either use condoms every time they have sex or not have sex during the pregnancy. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- Since news of the Zika virus broke, some media outlets were reporting that pesticides used to control mosquitoes in some South American countries-not the virus itself-was responsible for microcephaly, but that theory was recently debunked . (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- In addition, exposure to pyriproxyfen would not explain recent study results showing the presence of Zika virus in the brains of babies born with microcephaly. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- The Zika virus was first identified in a monkey in Uganda in 1947 and has been found since then along the equator throughout Africa and Asia. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- For dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever viruses, sylvatic (forest) transmission cycles also exist in some regions and involve non-human primates and forest-dwelling mosquitoes. (biomedcentral.com)
- Here we review the investigation methods and available data on sylvatic cycles involving non-human primates and dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever viruses in Africa, dengue viruses in Asia and yellow fever virus in the Americas. (biomedcentral.com)
- Some arboviruses, like dengue (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV), have become fully adapted to urban cycles and no longer require NHPs, forest mosquitoes and a sylvatic cycle for their maintenance [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- In this study, we aimed to develop a serological assay that can discriminate infection or exposure with flaviviruses from four serocomplexes, including dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), West Nile (WNV) and yellow fever (YFV) viruses, and explore its application for serosurveillance in flavivirus-endemic countries. (bvsalud.org)
- When the Zika epidemic spread through the American continent and then later to Africa and Asia in 2015, researchers compared the characteristics of the Zika infection to Dengue, considering both these viruses were transmitted primarily through the same vector, the Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes. (frontiersin.org)
- An important difference to note, however, was that the Zika epidemic diffused in a shorter time span compared to the persisting feature of Dengue infections, which is endemic in many Asian countries. (frontiersin.org)
- Meanwhile, the cross-reactivity of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells response to Dengue and Zika viruses provide important clues for further development of potential treatments. (frontiersin.org)
- This review discusses similarities between Dengue and Zika infections, comparing their disease transmissions and vectors involved, and both the innate and adaptive immune responses in these infections. (frontiersin.org)
- Consideration of the genetic identity of both the Dengue and Zika flaviviruses as well as the cross-reactivity of relevant T cells along with the actions of CD4+ cytotoxic cells in these infections are also presented. (frontiersin.org)
- Finally, a summary of the immune biomarkers that have been reported for dengue and Zika viral infections are discussed which may be useful indicators for future anti-viral targets or predictors for disease severity. (frontiersin.org)
- Together, this information appraises the current understanding of both Zika and Dengue infections, providing insights for future vaccine design approaches against both viruses. (frontiersin.org)
- Low Zika Virus Seroprevalence in Vientiane, Laos, 2003-2015. (ox.ac.uk)
- Zika virus (ZIKV) has been presumed to be endemic in Southeast Asia (SEA), with a low rate of human infections. (ox.ac.uk)
- Zika virus seroprevalence observed in the studied blood donors was low, 4.5% in 2003-2004 with an increase in 2015 to 9.9% (P = 0.002), possibly reflecting the increase of ZIKV incident cases reported over this period. (ox.ac.uk)
- So, tonight we're thrilled to have three scientists joining us this evening to talk about the latest news on the Zika virus outbreak and answer questions. (amnh.org)
- Specific to Zika virus, we've just recently launched a large multi-country cohort study to follow 10,000 women beginning early in pregnancy and monitoring them throughout pregnancy those who symptomatically get Zika, those without symptoms who get Zika and those who do not get Zika. (amnh.org)
- CDC has developed interim guidelines for health care providers in the United States who are caring for infants born to mothers who traveled to or resided in an area with Zika virus transmission during pregnancy. (blogspot.com)
- Pediatric health care providers should work closely with obstetric providers to identify infants whose mothers were potentially infected with Zika virus during pregnancy (based on travel to or residence in an area with Zika virus transmission [ http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices ]), and review fetal ultrasounds and maternal testing for Zika virus infection (see Interim Guidelines for Pregnant Women During a Zika Virus Outbreak*) ( 1 ). (blogspot.com)
- or 2) infants born to mothers with positive or inconclusive test results for Zika virus infection. (blogspot.com)
- For infants with laboratory evidence of a possible congenital Zika virus infection, additional clinical evaluation and follow-up is recommended. (blogspot.com)
- As an arboviral disease, Zika virus disease is a nationally notifiable condition. (blogspot.com)
- Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes ( 2 , 3 ). (blogspot.com)
- Zika virus infections have also been documented through both intrauterine transmission resulting in congenital infection and intrapartum transmission from a viremic mother to her newborn ( 5 , 6 ). (blogspot.com)
- Zika virus RNA has been detected in breast milk, but Zika virus transmission through breastfeeding has not been documented ( 5 ). (blogspot.com)
- During outbreaks, humans are the primary host for Zika virus. (blogspot.com)
- An estimated 80% of persons infected with Zika virus are asymptomatic ( 2 , 7 ). (blogspot.com)
- During the current outbreak in Brazil, Zika virus RNA has been identified in specimens (i.e., brain tissue, placenta, and amniotic fluid) from several infants with microcephaly and from fetal losses in women infected with Zika virus during pregnancy ( 6 , 8 , 9 ). (blogspot.com)
- The Brazil Ministry of Health has reported a marked increase from previous years in the number of infants born with microcephaly and intracranial calcifications in 2015, although it is not known how many of these cases are associated with Zika virus infection ( 6 , 8 - 11 ). (blogspot.com)
- The diagnosis of Zika virus infection is made through molecular and serologic testing ( 2 ). (blogspot.com)
DENV16
- We tested for IgM to dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), yellow fever virus (YFV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Marburg virus (MBGV), and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). (cdc.gov)
- While several lines of evidence suggest a protective role of T cells against disease associated with Dengue virus (DENV) infection, their potential contribution to immunopathology in the acute phase of DENV infection remains controversial, and it has been hypothesized that the more severe form of the disease (dengue hemorrhagic fever, DHF) is associated with altered T cell responses. (mdpi.com)
- Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection associated with significant morbidity and mortality caused by any of four closely related virus serotypes (DENV-1,-2,-3 and -4), all of which circulate in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region. (who.int)
- We tested serum samples from YF-17D vaccinees, and from DENV, ZIKV and WNV panels that had been confirmed by RT-PCR or by neutralization assays. (bvsalud.org)
- When testing 48 samples from Brazil, we identified multiple flavivirus infections/exposure including DENV and ZIKV, DENV and YFV, and DENV, ZIKV and YFV. (bvsalud.org)
- When testing 50 samples from the Philippines, we detected DENV, ZIKV, and DENV and ZIKV infections with a ZIKV seroprevalence rate of 10%, which was consistent with reports of low-level circulation of ZIKV in Asia. (bvsalud.org)
- Dengue virus (DENV) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. (frontiersin.org)
- The four dengue serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4) circulate throughout the Americas, and in some countries simultaneously. (paho.org)
- Although dengue virus (DENV) control strategies have targeted vector control and disease surveillance, the development of an effective vaccine is the holy grail of prevention. (blogspot.com)
- A candidate vaccine (Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA, USA) containing all 4 DENV serotypes is in advanced clinical testing. (blogspot.com)
- Although protective immunity was raised in susceptible rhesus monkeys inoculated with all 4 DENVs at a single site, inoculation of 4 chimeric dengue viruses at 1 or 2 sites did not result in neutralizing antibody responses to all 4 DENV ( 3 ). (blogspot.com)
- In clinical testing of the Sanofi Pasteur vaccine, failure of multiple booster doses to show protection was unexpected because the children were already substantially immune from prior exposure to DENV or Japanese encephalitis vaccine. (blogspot.com)
- Dengue is caused by Dengue virus (DENV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus. (denguevirusnet.com)
- DENV is an single stranded RNA positive-strand virus of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. (denguevirusnet.com)
- DENV causes a wide range of diseases in humans, from a self limited Dengue Fever (DF) to a life-threatening syndrome called Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) or Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) . (denguevirusnet.com)
- DENV is a 50-nm virus enveloped with a lipid membrane (see figure 1). (denguevirusnet.com)
Infection with the dengue virus2
- Dengue hemorrhagic fever, which has also been called Philippine, Thai, or Southeast Asian hemorrhagic fever, frequently requires prior infection with the dengue virus. (msdmanuals.com)
- Interestingly, it's not the first infection with the dengue virus that usually causes DHF but rather a subsequent infection with a different dengue serotype. (tanzirislambritto.com)
Transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses2
- It is spread by the yellow fever mosquito ( Aedes aegypti ) and the Asian tiger mosquito ( Aedes albopictus ), which also transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- mosquitoes are found throughout much of the Region of the Americas, including parts of the United States, and also transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses ( 4 ). (blogspot.com)
Severe15
- Oropouche fever is characterized as an acute febrile illness, meaning that it begins with a sudden onset of a fever followed by severe clinical symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
- Illness caused by Marburg virus begins abruptly, with high fever, severe headache, and severe malaise. (unamhe.or.ug)
- Severe haemorrhagic manifestations may appear between five and seven days from symptom onset, and fatal cases usually have some form of bleeding, often from multiple areas. (unamhe.or.ug)
- It causes high fever and the typical flu-like symptoms seen in dengue and leads to severe bleeding, blood plasma leakage, and low platelet count. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Instead, they aid the virus entering host cells, enhancing its reproduction ability and leading to severe disease. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- This leads to increased viral replication, a higher viral load, and a much more severe disease, resulting in DHF or even more severe dengue shock syndrome (DSS). (tanzirislambritto.com)
- d WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus Reference and Research (Dengue/Severe Dengue), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (who.int)
- The majority (~75%) of infections in humans are asymptomatic, but a small proportion of symptomatic patients develops severe dengue characterized by rapid progression into shock, severe bleeding and/or multiorgan impairment, which leads to death if unattended or mismanaged. (who.int)
- It is an illness that affects infants, young children, and adults, with symptoms ranging from mild fever to incapacitating high fever, with severe headache, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, and rash. (paho.org)
- The illness can evolve to severe dengue, characterized by shock, respiratory distress, severe bleeding, and/or serious organ impairment. (paho.org)
- Following infection with one serotype, subsequent infection with a different serotype increases a person's risk of severe dengue and death. (paho.org)
- The infection may be asymptomatic, or it may present with symptoms ranging from a moderate fever to a disabling high fever, with severe headache, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, and rashes. (paho.org)
- The disease can evolve into severe dengue, characterized by shock, shortness of breath, severe bleeding and / or complications in the organs. (paho.org)
- Ebola virus disease (EVD) is an acute, severe and often fatal haemorrhagic fever caused by a Filoviridae virus. (scirp.org)
- During human infections, symptoms can range from benign fever to severe encephalitis and fatal hepatitis with hemorrhagic fever. (chipgrade.com)
Infections6
- the virus causes 100,000-300,000 infections and 5,000 deaths each year in the region ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- Despite revised clinical classifications of dengue infections by the World Health Organization, the wide spectrum of the manifestations of dengue illness continues to pose challenges in diagnosis and patient management for clinicians. (frontiersin.org)
- To our knowledge, only once has an in vitro test correctly predicted which children would be susceptible or have silent infections accompanying a second heterotypic dengue infection ( 9 ). (blogspot.com)
- Routine use of mu-antibody-capture ELISA for the serological diagnosis of Coxsackie B virus infections. (medscape.com)
- The majority of infections occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. (curehunter.com)
- So, in addition to studying viruses that cause diseases that you would recognize as being due to infection like pneumonia or hemorrhagic fevers or diarrhea or skin infections that you can readily see, we also study the role of viruses in autism and cancer and diabetes, a whole range of interesting conditions that you wouldn't think of as necessarily being due to infection. (amnh.org)
Aedes10
- This virus is an arbovirus and is transmitted among sloths, marsupials, primates, and birds through the mosquitoes Aedes serratus and Culex quinquefaciatus. (wikipedia.org)
- Cultured Aedes albopictus cells (clone C6/36), persistently infected (PI) with dengue virus type 1 (dengue-1) were found resistant to superinfection with dengue virus type 3 (dengue-3). (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Semliki Forest virus replication in cultured Aedes albopictus cells: studies on the establishment of persistence. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Morphogenesis of Sindbis virus in cultured Aedes albopictus cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Characteristics of Aedes albopictus cells persistently infected with dengue virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The Aedes mosquito, mainly Aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, Aedes albopictus, plays a crucial role in transmitting the dengue virus, which causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- The two main mosquito species vectors of the dengue virus are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. (bvsalud.org)
- Dengue is a disease transmitted by mosquitoes, with the primary vector being the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. (frontiersin.org)
- In the Americas, Aedes aegypti is the mosquito vector that is the main source of dengue transmission. (paho.org)
- Aedes albopictus mosquitoes also might transmit the virus. (blogspot.com)
20234
- On 21 March 2023, the Ministry of Health (MoH) of the United Republic of Tanzania declared an outbreak of Marburg virus disease (MVD) in the country. (unamhe.or.ug)
- TWiV 1047: Long COVID and avian flu in ferrets September 24, 2023 TWiV explains a study of postacute sequelae of COVID-19 at 2 years, and airborne transmission of human-isolated avian H3N8 influenza virus between ferrets. (microbe.tv)
- Matters Microbial #18: The Perfect Predator: Why Phage is Rage November 30, 2023 Today Dr. Steffanie Strathdee, Associate Dean of Global Health Sciences at UC San Diego and Co-Director at the Center for Innovative Phage Applications and Therapeutics, will chat with us about how bacteriophages-viruses that attack bacteria-changed her life and are becoming part of our future. (microbe.tv)
- TWiEVO 95: Watering the viruses until they bloom November 14, 2023 Nels and Vincent discuss how the rewetting of seasonally dried soils, a critical event in Mediterranean grasslands that reactivates dormant soil microorganisms, leading to pulses of carbon and nitrogen mineralization, and is accompanied by a bloom of viral diversity, followed by extensive viral community turnover. (microbe.tv)
Serotypes3
- The primary cause of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is infection by one of the four dengue virus serotypes (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4). (tanzirislambritto.com)
- To sum up, the cause of DHF is multi-factorial, involving not only the dengue virus and its serotypes but also the human immune response, the vector mosquito species, and various ecological factors. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- It is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito infected with one of the four serotypes of dengue virus. (paho.org)
Chikungunya1
- Approximately 25% of LASV-negative patients had IgM to dengue, West Nile, yellow fever, Rift Valley fever, chikungunya, Ebola, and Marburg viruses but not to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. (cdc.gov)
Major targets of dengue1
- Myeloid cells are major targets of dengue infection in humans. (blogspot.com)
Ebola7
- The laboratory is always operational, and within two hours of notification from a healthcare facility, laboratory staff can initiate analyses of samples suspected to contain viral haemorrhagic fever viruses such as Ebola and Marburg viruses. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- It is caused by the same family of viruses (Filoviridae) as Ebola virus disease and is clinically similar. (unamhe.or.ug)
- Background: Ebola virus disease (EVD) remains a public health problem. (scirp.org)
- The majority of care professionals had good knowledge of the name and reservoir of the causal agent, the severity of the disease, the modes of prevention and the attitude to adopt in case of suspicion of Ebola virus disease, and the year of the last epidemic. (scirp.org)
- Strengthening care professionals capacity on Ebola virus disease is imperatively required in a short time, given epidemic episodes. (scirp.org)
- The Ebola virus is highly contagious and lethal. (scirp.org)
- It was not until the results of the CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA) to confirm the diagnosis of EVD (at that time called Ebola or FHVE haemorrhagic fever). (scirp.org)
Serotype4
- However, problems arise when the person is later infected with a different dengue serotype. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- DHF and DSS are also influenced by various other factors, such as the strain and serotype of the dengue virus, age, genetic predisposition, and the individual's immune status. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- All 16 laboratories testing Module A performed reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for both RNA and serotype detection. (who.int)
- Here, a serotype is a group of viruses classified together based on their antigens on the surface of the virus. (denguevirusnet.com)
Endemic3
- Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a variant presentation of dengue infection that occurs primarily in children 10 years living in areas where dengue is endemic. (msdmanuals.com)
- Yellow fever (YF) is a mosquito-borne viral disease that is endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and tropical South America. (cdc.gov)
- Description: Rift Valley Fever Virus Polymerase Antibody: Rift Valley Fever (RFV) virus is an arthropod-borne virus endemic to Africa that infects humans and animals that is transmitted predominantly by mosquitoes (1). (chipgrade.com)
Clinical7
- Patients with World Health Organization-defined clinical criteria plus thrombocytopenia ( ≤ 100,000/mcL [≤ 100 x 10 9 /L]) or hemoconcentration (Hct increased by ≥ 20%) are presumed to have the disease (see the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Dengue Virus: Clinical Guidance ). (msdmanuals.com)
- Many medically important and emergent arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) originated in non-human primates (NHPs), which typically show no clinical signs of infection but become viraemic and help maintain the virus in nature [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- DHF is marked by the unique clinical features that differentiate it from common dengue fever. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- 1,2 Dengue presentation is broad and non-specific, which may confound clinical diagnosis. (who.int)
- Virus genomics as a clinical and epidemiological tool. (cdc.gov)
- YF virus causes an estimated 200,000 cases of clinical disease and 30,000 deaths annually [WHO 1992]. (cdc.gov)
- Subsequently, general and hemorrhagic clinical signs such as fever, physical asthenia, jaundice, haematemesis and bloody diarrhea develop, followed by signs related to multiple visceral failure and death [3] [13]. (scirp.org)
Serological2
- Detection of ongoing/recent dengue virus infection by both molecular (RT-PCR) and serological methods (IgM) was available in 15/19 participating laboratories. (who.int)
- This first round of external quality assessment of dengue diagnostics was successfully conducted in national-level public health laboratories in the WHO Western Pacific Region, revealing good proficiency in both molecular and serological testing. (who.int)
Yellow fever2
- In 1863, a Confederate surgeon (Dr. Luke Blackburn, who later became governor of Kentucky) was arrested and charged with attempting to import smallpox and yellow fever-infected clothes into the northern United States during the Civil War, to be sold to Union troops. (medscape.com)
- This genus includes also the West Nile virus, Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus, Yellow Fever Virus, and several other viruses which may cause encephalitis. (denguevirusnet.com)
Symptoms4
- Nevertheless, clinics in Brazil may not have adequate testing reliability as they rely on symptoms rather than PCR viral sequencing, which is expensive and time consuming, in many cases there may be co-infection with other similar mosquito-borne viruses. (wikipedia.org)
- Given that these enhanced responses are triggered by failed attempts to control the infecting virus, VAED typically presents with symptoms related to the target organ of the infection pathogen. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
- Monitor your symptoms and do get an RT-PCR test done if you found yourself facing symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 The Delta variant In view of the growing COVID-19 pandemic throughout the world, health officials are evaluating certain coronavirus mutations and variants that could be more contagious or deadly than the original strain. (metropolisindia.com)
- The symptoms of delta variants are similar to those seen with the original coronavirus strain including a persistent cough, headache, fever, and sore throat. (metropolisindia.com)
Vaccine10
- One of the most effective prevention measures against YF is vaccination with the live, attenuated YF 17D substrain virus vaccine. (cdc.gov)
- YF vaccine is recommended for persons aged ≥9 months who are traveling to or living in areas with risk for YF virus transmission [CDC 2010]. (cdc.gov)
- Dengue vaccine development has spanned many decades. (blogspot.com)
- Serum samples from children given ≥1 doses of the dengue chimeric vaccine can now be tested for primary neutralizing antibody responses to each of the 4 DENVs. (blogspot.com)
- When the tetravalent dengue chimeric vaccine was given to partially dengue-immune children and adults in the Philippines, a broad neutralizing antibody response was observed after administration of only 2 vaccine doses ( 7 ). (blogspot.com)
- We believe that the unanticipated results of the dengue vaccine efficacy trial in Thailand call for new methods of assessing dengue immunity. (blogspot.com)
- 20 Adverse reactions include local tenderness, and, infrequently, fever, "most= often [affecting] people who have had no exposure to the influenza virus antigens in the vaccine (e.g. small children). (faqs.org)
- Classic examples of VAED are atypical measles and enhanced respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) occurring after administration of inactivated vaccine for these pathogens. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
- The World Health Organization announced on January 8th that Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine was not recommended for pregnant women unless they are at particularly high risk for the virus or a health care worker. (brmi.online)
- Most SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates produce an immune response to the spike protein on the surface of the virus. (medicaltrend.org)
Flaviviruses1
Illness4
- To investigate what other arthropod-borne and hemorrhagic fever viral diseases might cause serious illness in this region and mimic Lassa fever, we tested patient serum samples that were negative for malaria parasites and LASV. (cdc.gov)
- We investigated what other arthropod-borne and hemorrhagic fever viral diseases might be causing serious illness in the region and confounding the diagnosis of Lassa fever. (cdc.gov)
- The oropouche virus is an emerging infectious agent that causes the illness oropouche fever. (wikipedia.org)
- Combined with the dengue virus RNA amplification test, it can provide a diagnosis within the first 1 to 7 days of illness. (msdmanuals.com)
Acute3
- Titers in acute and convalescent phase serum samples can reliably establish dengue virus infection and may indicate the specific dengue virus type involved. (msdmanuals.com)
- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an acute and potentially lethal complication of dengue fever, a tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Symptomatic disease generally is mild and characterized by acute onset of fever, maculopapular rash, arthralgia, or nonpurulent conjunctivitis. (blogspot.com)
Antigens2
- All DEN viruses possess one or more antigens common to others in Group B. (cdc.gov)
- Immunological and biophysical separation of dengue-2 antigens. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Strains2
- Through phylogenetic analysis of nucleocapsid genes in different oropouche virus strains, it has been revealed that there are three unique genotypes (I, II, III) that are currently spreading through Central and South America. (wikipedia.org)
- These four subtypes are different strains of dengue virus that have 60-80% homology between each other. (denguevirusnet.com)
Monoclonal antibody1
- This was determined by indirect immunofluorescent (IF) staining of cultures using monoclonal antibody against a dengue-3 type-specific antigen. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Pathogens5
- We tested samples from these patients using IgM-capture ELISAs to virus pathogens that could occur in the region and mimic Lassa fever. (cdc.gov)
- At the laboratory, haemorrhagic fever viruses and other highly infectious pathogens in risk group 4 can be identified and further analysed. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- Further comprehensive diagnostic testing for dengue virus and other priority pathogens in the Region will be assessed during future rounds. (who.int)
- Disease surveillance testing for emerging zoonotic pathogens in wildlife is a key component in understanding the epidemiology of these agents and potential risk to human populations. (cdc.gov)
- Application of this testing approach to samples collected for use in other disease surveillance activities may provide additional epidemiological data on SARS-CoV-2 exposure, and there is further potential to apply this sample type to detection of other pathogens of interest. (cdc.gov)
Laboratory10
- Each year, suspected Lassa fever cases result in submission of ≈500-700 samples to the Kenema Government Hospital Lassa Diagnostic Laboratory in eastern Sierra Leone. (cdc.gov)
- Lassa fever-hyperendemic region (white area) comprising parts of Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia in West AfricaInsert image: Lassa Diagnostic Laboratory, Kenema Government Hospital, Kenema, Sierra Leone. (cdc.gov)
- The Lassa Fever Ward, a 16-bed facility on the hospital grounds, is dedicated to treating patients suspected of having Lassa fever and is supported by the Lassa Diagnostic Laboratory. (cdc.gov)
- This disease is named after the region where it was first discovered and isolated at the Trinidad Regional Virus Laboratory in 1955 by the Oropouche River in Trinidad and Tobago. (wikipedia.org)
- For this purpose, the Agency operates a high-containment laboratory to process samples from patients suspected to be infected with haemorrhagic fever viruses or other highly pathogenic viruses. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- As stated by Kuno & Chang [ 15 ], "The three commonly used data for identifying vertebrate reservoirs for arboviruses have been (i) virus isolation from suspected animals, (ii) relatively high antibody prevalence in the animals captured in the field and (iii) demonstration of viraemia (of higher virus titre and duration) in the suspected animals typically obtained under laboratory conditions" [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The cases were later confirmed as Marburg virus infection by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at the National Public Health Laboratory, Tanzania. (unamhe.or.ug)
- Samples from both deceased and live cases were taken and confirmed for Marburg virus by the National Public Health Laboratory. (unamhe.or.ug)
- Accurate laboratory testing is a critical component of dengue surveillance and control. (who.int)
- The Work Group also discussed and examined data on booster doses for travelers and laboratory workers in high-risk settings for exposure to YF virus. (cdc.gov)
West Nile1
- I was brought here to New York in 1999 shortly after our group discovered West Nile virus here. (amnh.org)
Mosquitoes4
- Oropouche fever is a tropical viral infection transmitted by biting midges and mosquitoes from the blood of sloths to humans. (wikipedia.org)
- These mosquitoes are highly adaptive to the human environment, coupled with increasing urbanization and inadequate vector control, which has led to a surge in dengue transmission in urban and semi-urban settings. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a worldwide epidemic caused by dengue virus and spread by infected female mosquitoes. (bvsalud.org)
- BACKGROUND: Mosquitoes carry a variety of viruses that can cause disease in humans, animals and livestock. (bvsalud.org)
Encephalitis2
- The behavior of Murray Valley encephalitis virus in Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Curlex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. (curehunter.com)
ELISA3
- LASV infection is determined by the presence of virus detected by an antigen-detection ELISA and by the presence of IgM determined by using an IgM-capture ELISA. (cdc.gov)
- Other tests can be used such as antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antigen-capture detection tests, serum neutralization tests, electron microscopy, and virus isolation by cell culture. (unamhe.or.ug)
- Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Human Rift Valley Fever IgG (RVF IgG) Kit in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids. (chipgrade.com)
Infectious5
- Case studies in cost effectiveness of molecular diagnostics for infectious diseases: pulmonary tuberculosis, enteroviral meningitis, and BK virus nephropathy. (medscape.com)
- The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses ( PROVIRUSES ) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. (lookformedical.com)
- Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL). (lookformedical.com)
- In the infectious form of the virus, the envelope protein lays flat on the surface of the virus, forming a smooth coat with icosahedral symmetry. (denguevirusnet.com)
- Some mutations are insignificant whereas others can make the virus more infectious or virulent. (metropolisindia.com)
Diseases4
- At the BSL-3 laboratories it is possible to perform differential diagnostics for instance malaria and dengue fever, or bacterial diseases like anthrax, melioidosis and brucellosis. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- e WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Tropical and Emerging Virus Diseases, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. (who.int)
- Virus diseases caused by the HERPESVIRIDAE. (lookformedical.com)
- A general term for diseases produced by viruses. (lookformedical.com)
Malaria1
- Samples come from throughout the Lassa fever-hyperendemic region and initially are screened for malaria by thick blood smear and, if negative, are tested for LASV. (cdc.gov)
Antigen5
- Dengue-1 PI cultures stained with this antibody 3 days after superinfection with dengue-3 virus (m.o.i. of 2) had dengue-3 antigen in 0.1 to 1.0% of the cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Control cultures infected with dengue-3 at the same multiplicity contained dengue-3 antigen in greater than 90% of the cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- A small population of cells was also found (about 1%) that contained type-specific antigen of both dengue virus types. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The Fc receptor-dependent function of antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) provides mechanisms for clearance of virus and virus-infected cells, as well as for stimulation of downstream adaptive immune responses by facilitating antigen presentation, or by stimulating the secretion of inflammatory mediators. (frontiersin.org)
- Some functions, such as neutralization, mainly depend on interaction of the Fv domain ( Figure 1A ) with antigen and are therefore predominantly Fc domain independent. (frontiersin.org)
Immune complexes2
- dengue virus-antibody immune complexes trigger release of vasoactive mediators by macrophages. (msdmanuals.com)
- Detailed studies on innate immune responses in human myeloid cells with a variety of dengue immune complexes should proceed forthwith. (blogspot.com)
Arthropod-borne1
- Techniques for hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition with arthropod borne viruses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Prevention3
- Dengue prevention and control must be intersectoral and involve the family and the community. (paho.org)
- PAHO/WHO provides advice and technical support for dengue prevention and control based on a regional strategy adopted by PAHO / WHO member States in 2016, called the " Strategy for arboviral disease prevention and control " (CD55.R6). (paho.org)
- This invention is also relative to pharmaceutical compounds which contain these chimerical peptides for the prevention and/or treatment of the infection caused by a virus of the Flaviviridae family. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
Respiratory syncy1
- An antigenic analysis of respiratory syncytial virus isolates by a plaque reduction neutralization test. (medscape.com)
Reduction neutralization test2
- The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is specific and sensitive. (msdmanuals.com)
- Identification of dengue viruses from the Caribbean by plaque-reduction neutralization test. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Influenza A vir1
Highly pathogenic2
- The potential for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 to be associated with disease enhancement is of theoretical concern, given similar observations with other respiratory viruses in general, and in animal models of highly pathogenic coronaviruses in particular [14] . (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
- During February 7September 3, 2022, a total of 39 US states experienced outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in birds from commercial poultry farms and backyard flocks. (cdc.gov)
Laboratories3
- The objective of this programme was to assess dengue diagnostic proficiency among national-level public health laboratories in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region. (who.int)
- In 2008, PAHO / WHO Member States established a Network of Dengue Laboratories of the Americas (RELDA), to strengthen technical capacities for diagnosing dengue. (paho.org)
- Human IgG antibody Laboratories manufactures the valley fever igm indeterminate reagents distributed by Genprice. (chipgrade.com)
Africa1
- Sierra Leone in West Africa is in a Lassa fever-hyperendemic region that also includes Guinea and Liberia. (cdc.gov)
Shock1
- Circulatory collapse and multiorgan failure, called dengue shock syndrome, may develop rapidly 2 to 6 days after onset. (msdmanuals.com)
Pandemic3
- A total of 132 pairs of retropharyngeal lymph nodes collected from Nebraska WTD harvested in Nebraska, US, in 2019 (pre-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic) and 2021 (post-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic) were tested for SARS-CoV-2 with reverse transcription PCR. (cdc.gov)
- The order in which the 20 questions are discussed is based on how a pandemic would usually be analyzed by public health physicians when they use an objective, strictly scientific problem-solving approach-starting with a fundamental first question "how threatening is the virus? (notesfromthesocialclinic.org)
- At the beginning of the COVID pandemic, it was feared that the SARS-CoV-2 virus might represent the most threatening respiratory virus since the deadly 1918 Spanish influenza virus, which was an H1N1 influenza virus of avian origin. (notesfromthesocialclinic.org)
Infants2
- SAGE noted that future studies and surveillance data should be used to identify specific risk groups, such as infants or persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), who could benefit from a booster dose. (cdc.gov)
- These guidelines include recommendations for the testing and management of these infants. (blogspot.com)
Marburg2
- This is the first Marburg virus disease outbreak reported in the country. (unamhe.or.ug)
- Marburg virus infection often results from prolonged exposure to mines or caves inhabited by Rousettus bat colonies. (unamhe.or.ug)
Differential2
- This study provides a better understanding of the differential diagnoses for Lassa fever in the region, which can lead to improved diagnostic capability and disease treatment. (cdc.gov)
- Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses. (lookformedical.com)
Vector6
- The oropouche virus has evolved to an urban cycle infecting humans though midges as its main transporting vector. (wikipedia.org)
- ORO fever occurs mainly during the rainy seasons because there is an increase in breeding sites in the vector populations. (wikipedia.org)
- In the Western Pacific Region, dengue outbreaks occur yearly in multiple countries, driven by a complex interplay of virus, vector and host biology, climatic and socioeconomic factors as well as international travel and trade. (who.int)
- is the vector mosquito for dengue and is widely distributed in the Americas. (paho.org)
- Only Canada and continental Chile are free from dengue and its vector. (paho.org)
- Two different HCVcoreAg preparations have been tested: recombinant b-galactosidase-conjugated HCVcoreAg ("Virogen", USA) and recombinant HCVcoreAg ("Vector-Best", Russia). (preprints.org)
PRNT1
- The PRNT requires live dengue viruses for the test and is labor-intensive and expensive. (msdmanuals.com)
Humans3
- The inability of a mixture of 4 dengue chimeric viruses to elicit an initial primary neutralizing antibody response in nonhuman primates and susceptible humans was recognized during preclinical testing and explained by the phenomenon of interference ( 2 ). (blogspot.com)
- The major difference for humans lies in subtle differences in the surface proteins of the different dengue subtypes. (denguevirusnet.com)
- Recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in humans, and subsequent detection of this virus in wildlife, highlights the need for developing new One Health surveillance strategies. (cdc.gov)
Occurs3
- This occurs when two genetically related viruses infect the same cell at the same time forming a progeny virus and this virus holds various components of genetic L, M and S segments from the two parental viruses. (wikipedia.org)
- Moreover, DHF occurs when a person is infected with the dengue virus for the second time. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Replication of all positive-stranded RNA viruses occurs in close association with virus-induced intracellular membrane structures. (denguevirusnet.com)
Bunyaviridae2
- Oropouche fever is caused by a specific arbovirus, the Oropouche virus (OROV), of the Bunyaviridae family. (wikipedia.org)
- The Bunyaviridae family of viruses to which the RVF virus belongs are spherical enveloped viruses with a tripartite RNA genome of negative or ambisense polarity (2). (chipgrade.com)
Lassa3
- The causative agent of Lassa fever is Lassa virus (LASV), a member of the Arenaviridae family. (cdc.gov)
- Through the Mano River Union-Lassa Fever Network, a variety of organizations are building diagnostic capacity for Lassa fever that will lead to better understanding of the disease and its treatment ( 2 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)
- These scientific efforts are centered in eastern Sierra Leone at the Kenema Government Hospital (Kenema, Sierra Leone) within the Lassa fever-hyperendemic region ( Figure ). (cdc.gov)
Plaque1
- Follow up analyses included IgG ELISAs and/or confirmatory plaque-reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs). (cdc.gov)
Genetic2
- Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. (lookformedical.com)
- Viruses whose genetic material is RNA. (lookformedical.com)
Replication2
- In cultures simultaneously infected with two dengue virus types, one virus type was excluded from replication in most cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Mechanism of Sindbis virus-induced intrinsic interference with vesicular stomatitis virus replication. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Pathogenic1
- The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell (latent infection). (lookformedical.com)