AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesHealth Care
Carotid Artery InjuriesCarotid ArteriesCarotid Artery, InternalCarotid Artery DiseasesCarotid Artery ThrombosisCarotid Artery, CommonCarotid StenosisCarotid Artery, ExternalNeck InjuriesEndarterectomy, CarotidArterial Occlusive DiseasesTunica IntimaBrain IschemiaArteriesWounds, NonpenetratingCerebrovascular CirculationCerebral ArteriesRetinal Artery OcclusionNeointimaCerebral AngiographyIschemic Attack, TransientHyperplasiaGerbillinaeVertebral ArteryCollateral CirculationCarotid Artery, Internal, DissectionFemoral ArteryHemorrhageCerebral InfarctionCerebral HemorrhageCerebral RevascularizationCarotid BodyStentsVascular System InjuriesAngiographyInfarction, Middle Cerebral ArterySubarachnoid HemorrhageMuscle, Smooth, VascularCircle of WillisMagnetic Resonance AngiographyTomography, X-Ray ComputedStrokeCarotid SinusAngiography, Digital SubtractionOphthalmic ArteryRats, Sprague-DawleyTreatment OutcomeTime FactorsUltrasonography, Doppler, DuplexBasilar ArterySubclavian ArteryCerebrovascular DisordersPulmonary ArteryBalloon OcclusionThrombosisHeadWounds, StabBrainTunica MediaDisease Models, AnimalAngioplasty, BalloonMiddle Cerebral ArteryIliac ArteryEndarterectomyBlood Flow VelocityReperfusionUltrasonography, Doppler, TranscranialConstrictionCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessIntracranial AneurysmIntracranial Embolism and ThrombosisRenal ArteryUltrasonographyReperfusion InjuryBlood PressureRetrospective StudiesRegional Blood FlowFollow-Up StudiesWounds and InjuriesMesenteric ArteriesLigationEmbolization, TherapeuticWounds, PenetratingCatheterizationProspective StudiesUltrasonography, Doppler, ColorHemodynamicsRisk FactorsAngioplastyIntracranial HemorrhagesArteriosclerosisTemporal ArteriesNeuroprotective AgentsCoronary VesselsCells, CulturedMagnetic Resonance ImagingIatrogenic DiseaseCoronary Artery BypassRadial ArteryAneurysm, False
Middle cerebrStenosisPosteriorCerebral arteryAneurysmsCommon carotiExternal carotiIntracerebral hemorrhageEndarterectomySubarachnoidBasilar arteryIntracranial hemorrhageStrokeVertebral artery injuriesAneurysmPatientsExtracranial carotidLesionsSymptomsEmbolizationAcuteAtherosclerosisTraumaAtheroscleroticBilateralVascular occlusionThrombosisObstructionThrombusProximalInfarctFistulaInternalVenousNeckLarge arteryIpsilateralHemorrhagicWallsCranialDiagnosisClinicalPeripheralComplicationsSinusMesentericOccursAngiographyCerebrovascularBrainOccurPerfusionCavernousNeurologicalDistalBlockageIncidenceTrigeminalCervical SpinePatientArterial injury
Middle cerebr9
Stenosis15
  • In patients with confirmed high-grade (70-99%) stenosis of the internal carotid artery , surgical carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is highly beneficial and has become the standard surgical treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Similarly, the European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) found that on average, the immediate risk of surgery was less than the long-term risk of stroke without surgery when the stenosis was greater than about 80% diameter. (medscape.com)
  • [ 2 ] Several reports favor earlier carotid revascularization (≤ 7 d or even ≤ 48 h) for recently symptomatic stenosis, in view of their finding that there is no change in the safety profile of CEA done in the hyperacute period (≤ 48 h) as compared with CEA done at a later time (day 3-14). (medscape.com)
  • As mentioned above, CEA is indicated for symptomatic 70-99% carotid stenosis and is three times as effective as medical therapy alone in reducing the incidence of stroke. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 ] In cases of moderate (50-69%) carotid stenosis, the benefit is less clear, and the patient's risk factors for stroke must be weighed against the risk of perioperative complications in deciding between operative and medical therapy. (medscape.com)
  • 50%) carotid stenosis do not benefit from surgical treatment. (medscape.com)
  • An intimal tear exposes subendothelial collagen and leads to either thrombus formation with arterial stenosis/occlusion or distal thromboembolism 4 . (emdocs.net)
  • Arteriogram of carotid stenosis. (medscape.com)
  • Carotid artery stenosis is a chronic atherosclerotic disease resulting in narrowing of the common and internal carotid arteries. (lecturio.com)
  • Carotid artery stenosis is commonly diagnosed via carotid duplex ultrasound. (lecturio.com)
  • The most serious complication of carotid artery stenosis is stroke. (lecturio.com)
  • Carotid Artery Stenosis is a narrowing of the common and internal carotid arteries Arteries Arteries are tubular collections of cells that transport oxygenated blood and nutrients from the heart to the tissues of the body. (lecturio.com)
  • In the case of atherosclerotic disease, severe stenosis or thrombosis can be caused by cholesterol plaques, which can cause occlusions of vasculature or stenosis of vessels, blocking blood flow and leading to cerebral ischemia. (statpearls.com)
  • Symptoms of tracheal stenosis can be present shortly after birth or develop after an acute injury to the trachea. (symptoma.com)
  • Carotid artery stenosis c. (babelouedstory.com)
Posterior10
  • Oculomotor nerve abnormalities (affected eye looking downward and outward and inability to lift the eyelid on the same side) or palsy (loss of movement) may indicate bleeding from the posterior communicating artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vertebral arteriography is used to compress the ipsilateral carotid artery at the same time, so that the contrast medium can be seen retrograde from the posterior communicating branch through the cavernous fistula of the internal carotid artery. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Specimens were collected from the circle of Willis, the posterior cerebral artery, and the internal carotid artery. (e-jmls.org)
  • Endovascular therapy versus no endovascular therapy in patients receiving best medical management for acute isolated occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (uniklinikum-dresden.de)
  • To clarify the clinical features and mechanism of infarction in the posterior cerebral artery territory, we investigated 35 consecutive patients who presented with homonymous visual field defects and occipital infarction documented by computed tomography. (web.app)
  • Posterior cerebral artery occlusion: Most often causes occipital lobe infarction with hemianopia and macular sparing. (web.app)
  • However, in 10% of cases, these bleeds originate in the posterior nasal area, including the sphenopalatine artery (SP artery), and require more serious methods of management [7, 8]. (fortunepublish.com)
  • Sphenopalatine arterial electrocoagulation has been found to be an effective way of stopping these bleeds [9], and endoscopic control of the SP artery via ligation has been successful in controlling significant epistaxis of the posterior nasal area [8, 10]. (fortunepublish.com)
  • 1 Arterial supply to these lesions is usually via dural and falcine arteries arising from the anterior or posterior circulation, with less common contribution from parenchymal arteries. (bmj.com)
  • Unilateral occlusion of the vertebral artery seldom results in a neurological deficit if the collateral supply through the other vertebral and posterior inferior arteries is sufficient [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cerebral artery8
  • Hypoxia and ischemia are linked to oxidative stress, which can activate the oxidant-sensitive transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel in cerebral artery endothelial cells, leading to vasodilation. (elifesciences.org)
  • We hypothesized that TRPA1 channels in endothelial cells are activated by hypoxia-derived reactive oxygen species, leading to cerebral artery dilation and reduced ischemic damage. (elifesciences.org)
  • At the same time, the contralateral internal carotid artery angiography can also understand the integrity of the Willis ring and estimate the compensation of the cerebral artery, which is helpful to judge whether the blood flow of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery can be interrupted. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • The cerebral arteries and internal carotid arteries were enlarged and condensed with thrombi, but neither aneurysms nor atherosclerotic changes were found in this cerebral artery group ( Fig. 1 ). (e-jmls.org)
  • Dissecting carotid aneurysms of the internal cerebral artery are extremely rare, occurring in 2.5 to 3 people out of 100,000 [1-3]. (fortunepublish.com)
  • MR CLEAN (Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Netherlands), published online in the New England Journal of Medicine on December 17, showed a clinically significant increase in functional independence in daily life by 3 months in patients with an occluded major cerebral artery who underwent endovascular intervention, most of whom had already received thrombolysis. (medscape.com)
  • It will now be used for patients with occlusion of the major cerebral artery who present within in 6 hrs. (medscape.com)
  • He explained that a crucial factor in the study design was the requirement for radiological evidence of occlusion of a major cerebral artery. (medscape.com)
Aneurysms11
  • Although genetic conditions are associated with increased risk of aneurysm development (see below), most intracranial aneurysms probably result from hemodynamically induced degenerative vascular injury. (medscape.com)
  • The occurrence, growth, thrombosis, and even rupture of intracranial saccular aneurysms can be explained by abnormal hemodynamic shear stresses on the walls of large cerebral arteries, particularly at bifurcation points. (medscape.com)
  • another series found aneurysms in 1% of patients undergoing four-vessel cerebral angiography for indications other than subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). (medscape.com)
  • The common causes of intracranial aneurysm include hemodynamically induced or degenerative vascular injury, atherosclerosis (typically leading to fusiform aneurysms), underlying vasculopathy (eg, fibromuscular dysplasia), and high-flow states, as in arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and fistula. (medscape.com)
  • In one series of patients undergoing coronary angiography, incidental intracranial aneurysms were found in 5.6% of cases, and another series found aneurysms in 1% of patients undergoing 4-vessel cerebral angiography for indications other than subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). (medscape.com)
  • Congenital abnormalities of the intracranial vasculature, such as fenestrations of the vertebrobasilar junction or persistent trigeminal arteries, are associated with an increased incidence of saccular aneurysms. (medscape.com)
  • Approxi- occlusion is a useful and sometimes used method for large mately forty% have calciп¬Ѓcations in their walls that usu- inner carotid artery aneurysms. (ehd.org)
  • No aneurysms or atherosclerotic changes were found in these arteries. (e-jmls.org)
  • Flow diversion for internal carotid artery aneurysms with compressive neuro-ophthalmologic symptoms: clinical and anatomical results in an international multicenter study. (uniklinikum-dresden.de)
  • The exact etiology behind dissecting ICA aneurysms is unknown, although these have been linked to trauma and underlying arterial pathologies, causing a sudden tear in the intimal layer of the artery [3, 6]. (fortunepublish.com)
  • These dissecting aneurysms most commonly occur in the extracranial portion of the ICA rather than the ICA (70 to 80% of cases), and they are associated with vertebral artery dissection in up to 20% of cases [3, 4]. (fortunepublish.com)
Common caroti2
External caroti7
  • Therefore, it is often necessary to use arterial catheterization for selective angiography of the whole brain, in addition to contralateral internal and external carotid artery angiography, contralateral internal carotid artery and vertebral artery are also photographed when the ipsilateral carotid artery is compressed and the blood flow is temporarily blocked. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Selective external carotid artery angiography can show that the branches of the internal carotid artery are anastomosed with the middle meningeal artery, the accessory meningeal artery and the ascending pharyngeal artery at the bottom of the cavernous sinus to form the external carotid artery. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • An endovascular catheter digital subtraction angiogram identified the cause of epistaxis as a rupture of the left sphenopalatine artery branch of the left external carotid artery. (fortunepublish.com)
  • A separation (dissection) of the layers of the external carotid artery wall. (nih.gov)
  • External Carotid Artery-Related Adverse Events at Extra-Intra Cranial High Flow Bypass Surgery Using a Radial Artery Graft. (nih.gov)
  • Bilateral abnormal origin of the anterior branches of the external carotid artery. (nih.gov)
  • Pseudoaneurysm of the external carotid artery--review of literature. (nih.gov)
Intracerebral hemorrhage4
  • The restoration of cerebral blood flow is thought to potentially increase the risk of hyperperfusion injury, hemorrhagic transformation, and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. (ajnr.org)
  • The combination of intracerebral hemorrhage and raised intracranial pressure (if present) leads to a "sympathetic surge", i.e. over-activation of the sympathetic system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Traumatic injuries are the result of the mechanical component of a fall, such as intracerebral hemorrhage and long bone fractures. (reliasmedia.com)
  • Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a subtype of stroke, is a condition wherein a hematoma is formed within the brain parenchyma with or without blood extension into the ventricles. (rnspeak.com)
Endarterectomy2
  • The North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) found that patients who underwent surgery within 2 weeks after the onset of neurologic deficits had better neurologic outcomes, with a 17% absolute reduction in the risk of ipsilateral stroke at 2 years. (medscape.com)
  • Atherosclerotic plaque removed at time of carotid endarterectomy (areas of ulceration with thrombus and intraplaque hemorrhage are present). (medscape.com)
Subarachnoid11
Basilar artery3
  • Table 2 highlights the common signs and symptoms amongst patients with dissections of either the carotid or basilar artery 1 and tables 3 and 4 outline the Denver and Memphis BCVI screening criteria 5 . (emdocs.net)
  • Basilar artery occlusion management: An international survey of middle versus high-income countries. (uniklinikum-dresden.de)
  • The basilar artery forms at the base of the skull from the vertebral arteries, which run up along the spine, join, and come up through the rear of the neck. (adam.com)
Intracranial hemorrhage3
  • Outcomes were symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), 90-day modified Rankin scale (≤ 2 as a good outcome), and 3-month mortality. (ajnr.org)
  • 2 , 3 These lesions have been categorized by Awad, 4 Borden et al 5 and Cognard et al 6 according to location and the risk of intracranial hemorrhage based on patterns of venous drainage. (bmj.com)
  • Initial hemorrhage can range up to 65%, 6 and patients with previous intracranial hemorrhage may have up to a 35% risk of another neurological event within 2 weeks. (bmj.com)
Stroke11
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our results did not support thrombectomy-alone administration within 3-4.5 h in patients with acute ischemic stroke from large-vessel occlusion in the subgroup analysis of DIRECT-MT. (bvsalud.org)
  • Inclusion criteria for thrombolytic therapy were 18 years of age or older, presenting within 6 hours of stroke symptoms onset with initial National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) of 8 or more, except for aphasia and visual field deficit, and normal initial head CT scan. (ajnr.org)
  • The most commonly used clinical systems divide ischemic stroke into three major stroke subtypes: large artery or atherosclerotic infarctions, cardioembolic infarctions and small vessel or lacunar infarctions. (vin.com)
  • [ 9 , 4 ] In addition to perioperative stroke, serious complications that may develop after CEA include myocardial ischemia and infarction , hemodynamic instability, cranial nerve (CN) injuries, and bleeding resulting in neck hematomas and airway compromise. (medscape.com)
  • Mechanisms of brain injury and stroke, including cortical spreading depolarizations and cerebral blood flow physiology, and refining treatments and techniques to make treatment of brain pathology more safe and effective. (unm.edu)
  • Strokes are caused by either blood flow blockage to the brain (ischemic stroke) or the sudden rupture of an artery in the brain (hemorrhagic stroke). (adam.com)
  • This kind of stroke is known as an Embolism was the cause of stroke in 6 of the 7 patients with midbrain infarcts This patient had a parieto-occipital infarct, presumably caused by the carotid Even without VA dissection, upper cervical PSA syndrome could cause severe occipital headache. (web.app)
  • This report describes the role of neuroprotection in acute disorders such as stroke and injuries of the nervous system as well as in chronic diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders because many of the underlying mechanisms of damage to neural tissues are similar in all these conditions and several products are used in more than one disorder. (researchandmarkets.com)
  • Ischemic stroke commonly results from the occlusion of the lumina of the cerebral vessels by a thrombus or embolus. (rnspeak.com)
  • Keith Muir, MD, Glasgow University, United Kingdom, who is heading up a similar British trial (PISTE [Pragmatic Ischaemic Stroke Thrombectomy Evaluation]), added: "It is fantastic to be a position to have finally got some positive results. (medscape.com)
  • It is unlikely that intra-arterial treatment will alter the natural history of acute ischemic stroke in the absence of a proximal arterial occlusion, so they probably included many patients who didn't need the therapy," he said. (medscape.com)
Vertebral artery injuries1
  • Blunt neck trauma with damage to the carotid and vertebral artery injuries are commonly referred to as blunt cerebrovascular injuries (BCVIs). (emdocs.net)
Aneurysm4
  • Aneurysm is an abnormal local dilatation in the wall of a blood vessel, usually an artery, due to a defect, disease, or injury. (medscape.com)
  • SAH may occur as a result of a head injury or spontaneously, usually from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. (wikipedia.org)
  • A large dissecting aneurysm in the right intracerebral artery was also incidentally found. (fortunepublish.com)
  • We present a unique case, a young female who has a postoperative course complicated by both a right ICA dissecting aneurysm and a ruptured left sphenopalatine artery after a skull-base chordoma resection. (fortunepublish.com)
Patients14
  • Despite the number of clinical challenges that they may present, a sound rational management strategy should permit most of these patients to be safely treated minimizing the risks of additional injury. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to clarify the criteria for initial treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) by com-paring the backgrounds and post-treatment courses of patients who underwent drainage or middle meningeal artery (MMA) emboliza-tion for CSDH. (go.jp)
  • Patients undergoing extensive head and neck procedures, major surgery of the tongue or floor of the mouth are at a high risk of airway obstruction or aspiration of blood or pharyngeal secretions and these patients may undergo a prophylactic tracheostomy during the operative procedure to protect the airway (10). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
  • Elderly patients have greater injury severity scores than younger patients with comparable mechanisms of injury. (reliasmedia.com)
  • The incidence of this type of injury is difficult to determine as many emergency room patients are neurologically asymptomatic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During a 30-month (2006-2008), all patients admitted to the emergency room of Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo with blunt cervical trauma and potential risk of cervical vessel injury, were subjected to cervical angiotomography to diagnose BCVI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Seven patients presented with Degree I arterial injuries, 10 patients presented with Degree II artery injuries, four patients presented with Degree IV artery injuries, one patient presented with a Degree V artery injury, and one patient had a carotid fistula. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although there is no consensus regarding the criteria that should be used to indicate angiotomography for BCVI diagnosis, we conclude that the criteria used in the current study led to a diagnosis of BCVI in 0.93% of 2,467 trauma patients, BCVI injuries were associated with more severe traumas and did not affect mortality. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The incidence of this type of injury is difficult to evaluate as many emergency room patients are neurologically asymptomatic or have symptoms attributed to cranial trauma or to other associated injuries. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Patients embolized to completion underwent follow-up angiography at 3 months to assess for durable occlusion. (bmj.com)
  • Seven patients treated with n-BCA had initial angiographic occlusion of their DAVF, which were durable at 3 months. (bmj.com)
  • Twenty-nine patients treated with ONYX had initial angiographic occlusion of their DAVF by embolization alone. (bmj.com)
  • A resuscitation from an HS regards as a reperfusion insult which may induce neurological injury in patients with an UCCAO disease. (medsci.org)
  • They occur in the appendix lies over the different luxation injuries, and the first liter and then are given either peripherally or centrally via an umbilical venous line placement and throughout life in of patients with environmental injuries and hemorrhagic diseases. (missouripodiatric.com)
Extracranial carotid2
  • Atherosclerosis has a predilection for certain arteries, including the extracranial carotid artery. (medscape.com)
  • This article describes the history and impact of this process as it occurs in the extracranial carotid artery. (medscape.com)
Lesions2
  • The duplex scan has 86% sensitivity, but is limited in its ability to identify carotid artery lesions near the base of the skull. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Currently, embolization is considered the most common mechanism causing ischemic strokes from atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid bulb. (medscape.com)
Symptoms4
  • The nerve impulses become disrupted in both regularity, and color signifying symptoms and temporary injury to both those anatomical areas. (smartimagebase.com)
  • it is otherwise difficult to predict the site and origin of the hemorrhage from the symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The main symptoms are immediately or several days and weeks after injury, including intracranial murmur, exophthalmos, eye swelling, increased intraocular pressure and decreased vision. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • The symptoms due to vertebral artery (VA) occlusion usually manifest within the first 24 hours after trauma. (biomedcentral.com)
Embolization3
  • A maxillary artery hemorrhage occurred after multiple craniofacial trauma including bilateral fracture of the condylar processes and treatment with intravascular embolization. (amjcaserep.com)
  • However, the absence of verte-brobasilar atheromatous disease on angiography or Occipital lobe ischemia may result from 1) dislodg-ment of atheromatous material, 2) embolization of thrombus from the catheter tip, 3) in situ thrombosis or spasm of cerebral vessels, 4) a hypotensive episode, 5) preexisting hypertensive disease or migraine head-aches, or 6) selective vulnerability of occipital lobes to Abstract. (web.app)
  • Conclusion Initial angiographic occlusion (p=0.0004) and durable angiographic occlusion (p=0.0018) rates for embolization of cranial DAVF show a statistically significant higher efficacy with ONYX compared with n-BCA. (bmj.com)
Acute4
Atherosclerosis5
  • Atherosclerosis is a diffuse, degenerative disease of the arteries that results in the formation of plaques composed of necrotic cells, lipids, and cholesterol crystals. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment of atherosclerosis of the carotid artery is dependent on the severity and degree of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • Atherosclerosis is a diffuse process with a predilection for certain arteries. (medscape.com)
  • Vascular insufficiency: - Atherosclerosis - Thrombosis -Embolism lesion usually due to local vascular occlusion (thrombotic or embolic) - Ischemic (hypoxic) encephalopathy is a … Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular is the official journal of SPACV, the Sociedade Portuguesa de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Arteries: Histology (ICAs) secondary to atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis is a common form of arterial disease in which lipid deposition forms a plaque in the blood vessel walls. (lecturio.com)
Trauma3
  • Traumatic Carotid Cavernous Fistula (TCCF) refers to the rupture of the arterial wall or branches of the cavernous sinus segment of the internal carotid artery caused by trauma, resulting in abnormal arteriovenous communication between the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Vertebral artery injury (VAI) after blunt cervical trauma occurs more frequently than historically believed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brain stem infarction secondary to bilateral VA occlusion following cervical spine trauma resulted in fatal outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
Atherosclerotic1
  • Although rare, clinicians should actively rule out vascular injuries when evaluating shoulder dislocations, especially in the elderly patient with a known history of atherosclerotic disease, those with evidence of chronic joint instability, and in the setting of high energy injury mechanisms. (jocr.co.in)
Bilateral6
  • Bilateral laryngeal paralysis, (11,12) neuromuscular dysfunction in case of tetanus, motor neuron disease, traumatic brain injury and/ or neck injury may compromise breathing that may require mechanical ventilation. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
  • The development of bilateral pseudoaneurysms after injury is very rare. (amjcaserep.com)
  • We present a case of Graves' disease with a image of plain radiograph of neck showing bilateral carotid calcifications and briefly discuss the vascular insult in Graves Vascular Insults: Hemorrhage and Ischemia-Reperfusion As alluded to previously, vascular insult has delete-riouseffectsonthespinalcord,bothinitiallyatthetime ofinjuryandsubsequenttothis.Thesevascularinjuries produce both hemorrhagic and ischemic damage. (firebaseapp.com)
  • bilateral carotid artery occlusion in the Mongolian. (firebaseapp.com)
  • CT angiogram also revealed complete occlusion of bilateral VA. The following day, a repeat CT of the head revealed brain stem infarction due to bilateral VA occlusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This fracture-subluxation also caused bilateral VA injury that progressed to brain stem infarction and, ultimately, death. (biomedcentral.com)
Vascular occlusion1
  • The response of thrombolysis at different vascular occlusion sites may well be related to the thrombus burden. (ajnr.org)
Thrombosis1
  • arterial infarction can be due to either obstruction from thrombosis or embolism or to occlusion from blood vessel abnormalities such as vasculitis. (vin.com)
Obstruction5
  • However, in settings with delayed diagnosis for head and neck tumours, upper airway obstruction is a common indication (5,6). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
  • Early postoperative complications of tracheostomy include wound infection, secondary hemorrhage, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, obstruction of the tube lumen, accidental extubation, anterior displacement of the tube, tip occlusion against the tracheal wall or there can also be swallowing problems (4). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
  • 3 The causes of strokes can be divided into two basic groups: (1) obstruction of the blood vessels leading to ischemia, and (2) rupture of blood vessel walls leading to hemorrhage. (vin.com)
  • Obstruction in the arteries causes approximately 87 percent of strokes. (web.app)
  • Small vessel or lacunar strokes are associated with small focal areas of ischemia due to obstruction of single small vessels, typically in deep penetrating arteries, that generate a specific vascular pathology. (rnspeak.com)
Thrombus1
  • These devices can be threaded into the blocked artery for removal of the clot or thrombus in a procedure called mechanical thrombectomy. (adam.com)
Proximal1
Infarct2
  • If regional CBF further diminishes below about 15% of normal (10-12 ml/100 g per minute), there is absolute membrane failure resulting in an irreversible nerve cell injury, as in an infarct. (vin.com)
  • Silent Micro-Infarct in Carotid Artery Stenting: Who Has it and Why? (turkishneurosurgery.org.tr)
Fistula3
  • The diagnosis of internal carotid cavernous fistula is mainly determined by neuroimaging examination, such as head CT scan, neck MRI and cerebral angiography. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Usually on the imaging of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery, there is only a mass of contrast medium in the cavernous sinus, and the filling of the distal cerebral vessels is poor, and the exact location of the fistula is difficult to determine. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Interventional therapy mainly includes occlusion of fistula with detachable balloon, coil, Onyx glue, Willis covered stent or internal carotid artery. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Internal9
  • In the dog, blood supply to the brain arises from the basilar and internal carotid arteries, which join at the base to form the arterial circle of Willis. (vin.com)
  • Surgical treatment is a traditional treatment, which can be removed through the neck or scalp incision and cut off the abnormal communication between the cavernous sinus and the internal carotid artery to prevent the occurrence of complications such as hemorrhage and cerebral embolism. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • The carotid artery enlarges in the midneck, forming the carotid bulb, before bifurcating into the external and internal carotid arteries. (medscape.com)
  • Autopsy findings showed that the cerebral arteries and internal carotid arteries were fully enlarged and were compacted with thrombi. (e-jmls.org)
  • At the Circle of Willis, the internal carotid arteries branch into smaller arteries that supply oxygenated blood to over 80% of the brain. (adam.com)
  • It branches directly from the internal carotid artery and consists of four main branches, M1, M2, M3, and M4. (statpearls.com)
  • In both of these cases, clots can travel from the heart through the left ventricle into the aorta and lodge in the internal carotid artery (ICA) or its branches, most frequently the MCA. (statpearls.com)
  • Congenital external carotid-internal carotid artery anastomosis: a report of three cases and literature review. (nih.gov)
  • Misdiagnosis of a Patient with Internal Carotid Artery Fenestration: A Case Report and Literature Review. (nih.gov)
Venous2
  • In this video Dr. Gillard puts forth the basics of how to examine the lower extremities for signs of chronic venous insufficiency and peripheral artery disea 2018-07-01 insult, the possibility of either catch-up growth (Feldman et al. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Arterial/venous occlusion b. (babelouedstory.com)
Neck9
  • Cut-throat wounds are traumatic injuries to the anterior or lateral part of the neck, between the larynx and the hyoid bone, or over the larynx (but rarely above or below these limits), produced by a sharp and heavy instrument with a cutting edge. (mdpi.com)
  • Pseudoaneurysms of the head and neck region are relatively rare and consequently there are few reports in the literature. (amjcaserep.com)
  • The main causes of pseudoaneurysms in the head and neck area are associated with blunt or penetrating injuries in this area or are iatrogenic, originating during surgical procedures. (amjcaserep.com)
  • Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: A rare pediatric head and neck lesion. (unm.edu)
  • The carotid arteries come up through either side of the front of the neck. (adam.com)
  • To feel the pulse of a carotid artery, place your fingertips gently against either side of your neck, right under the jaw. (adam.com)
  • Imaging of the neck often is performed with imaging of the head or chest, as structures passing through the neck extend into these adjacent body regions. (radiologykey.com)
  • Close attention to proper immobilization and neck position depending on the mechanism of injury is mandatory. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Carotid Artery Involvement in Advanced Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review. (nih.gov)
Large artery1
  • however, large-artery infarctions may also be cardioembolic. (rnspeak.com)
Ipsilateral1
  • When combined with an HS, an UCCAO is associated with ischemic neuronal injury in the ipsilateral hemisphere of adult rat brain, which can be attenuated by therapeutic hypothermia. (medsci.org)
Hemorrhagic1
  • Certain factors may lead to an unfavorable outcome even when treatment is administered rapidly, such as reperfusion injury and hemorrhagic transformation, poor collateral circulation, dehydration, poor cardiac output, hypotension, hyperglycemia, and fever ( 1 - 5 ). (ajnr.org)
Walls1
  • As blood dissects within the intimal walls, occlusion of the vessel may also occur. (emdocs.net)
Cranial1
  • A cranial CT showed no intracranial abnormality with the absence of bleeding or traumatic injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Diagnosis4
  • Generally, the diagnosis can be determined by a CT scan of the head if done within six hours of symptom onset. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reported incidence, or diagnosis, of BCVI is partly dependent on the predetermined screening criteria, such as the Denver Criteria (Table 3) and the Memphis Criteria (Table 4), which take into consideration the mechanism and associated injuries that trigger screening. (emdocs.net)
  • Craniocervical artery dissection: diagnosis and follow-up with MR imaging and MR angiography. (nih.gov)
  • Diagnosis and management of zone III carotid injuries. (nih.gov)
Clinical2
  • It is imperative to have a high clinical suspicion for cerebrovascular compromise in penetrating nail-gun injuries even when conventional imaging suggests otherwise. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • This report demonstrates that primary repair of a traumatic injury to the arterial vasculature can be associated with good radiographic and clinical outcome. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Peripheral3
  • Occlusion of the calcarine artery that results in infarction of the superior part of the occipital lobe causes a lower peripheral visual field defect. (web.app)
  • An HS caused a moderate cerebral ischemia (52% of the original CBF levels), a moderate hypotension (MABP downed to 22 mmHg), systemic inflammation, and peripheral organs injuries. (medsci.org)
  • However, combined an UCCAO and an HS caused a severe cerebral ischemia (18% of the original CBF levels), a moderate hypotension (MABP downed to 17 mmHg), systemic inflammation, peripheral organs damage, and neurological injury, which can be attenuated by whole body cooling. (medsci.org)
Complications3
  • Complications include pneumothorax especially in children, (17) hemorrhage, damage to the trachea or due to an injury to the paratracheal structures, particularly the carotid artery and recurrent laryngeal nerve and esophagus as well as anesthesia related complications (18). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
  • Frequent complications of shoulder dislocation include deltoid weakness, rotator cuff tear, nerve injury, bony deformities, persistent joint laxity, and in rare instances axillary artery damage [2].Vascular injury is identified by "hard signs" including: active pulsatile hemorrhage, expanding hematoma, palpable/audible bruit, overt limb ischemia, or diminished pulses. (jocr.co.in)
  • This co-occurrence of vascular complications allows us to explore the topic of neurovascular injuries based on a nasopharyngeal approach. (fortunepublish.com)
Sinus2
Mesenteric2
  • Ferrer, Mercedes BalfagГіn, Gloria Dexamethasone decreases neuronal nitric oxide launch in mesenteric arteries from hypertensive rats through decreased protein kinase C activation. (ehd.org)
  • Enter the email localized intra-uterine vascular insult to the develop- ing bowel with enteric artery and a large mesenteric defect. (firebaseapp.com)
Occurs4
  • As the chin is lifted and the head titled backwards for surgery, the initial arterial dissection footage occurs with a small tear of the lining within the lumen. (smartimagebase.com)
  • The combination of injuries often occurs in modern warfare and automobile and industrial accidents [ 13 - 15 ]. (medsci.org)
  • A migraine is a severe, pulsating headache that usually occurs relatively suddenly and is often felt on one side of the head. (palma-clinic.com)
  • The pain occurs in the entire head and is of a pressing or tearing nature. (palma-clinic.com)
Angiography1
  • When IMS-III was done, CT [computed tomographic] angiography wasn't routinely available so in many cases it wasn't known if the patient had an occlusion or not. (medscape.com)
Cerebrovascular3
  • While there is a large volume of case reports in the literature, there are only a few incidences of cerebrovascular injury. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • In this article, we present the case, incidence, pathology, and a brief literature review of penetrating nail-gun injuries to highlight the principles of management pertaining to penetration of cerebrovascular structures. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • What is Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury? (emdocs.net)
Brain9
  • We present a case of a patient with a nail-gun injury to the brain, which compromised the cerebral vasculature. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Intracranial nail-gun injuries are a rare but well-characterized cause of penetrating brain injury. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Most strokes happen when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off due to blood clots or clumps of fat blocking blood vessels called arteries. (elifesciences.org)
  • When it is active, TRPA1 forms a channel that allows signals known as calcium ions to enter the cell, which ultimately leads to arteries in the brain becoming wider. (elifesciences.org)
  • Pires and Earley studied TRPA1 channels in brain arteries from mice. (elifesciences.org)
  • The Circle of Willis is the joining area of several arteries at the bottom (inferior) side of the brain. (adam.com)
  • Strokes are another common cause of injury to this part of the brain. (web.app)
  • In this case, small calcium stones in the inner ear get into the wrong place in the organ of equilibrium, the semicircular canals system, and deliver false signals to the brain in strict dependence on rapid head movements. (palma-clinic.com)
  • Joint space narrowing and occlusion of the brain and the newer technologies and terms may be best accomplished by a drain or insufficient end-diastolic fill-ing pressures. (missouripodiatric.com)
Occur3
Perfusion2
  • 5 The cerebrum is supplied by three pairs of cerebral arteries arising from this arterial circle, with each one responsible for the perfusion of large but overlapping areas of the cerebrum. (vin.com)
  • The cerebral circulation exhibits unique capabilities that allows it to adjust to varying environmental conditions and pathophysiological situations so as to maintain optimal perfusion and minimize such injury. (elifesciences.org)
Cavernous1
  • The first cases of DAVF as a separate entity from cavernous carotid fistulas were reported in the literature as early as 1936. (bmj.com)
Neurological3
  • The interval from injury to neurological deficit onset typically has a latency period of 10-72 hours. (emdocs.net)
  • An UCCAO caused a slight cerebral ischemia (cerebral blood flow [CBF] 70%) without hypotension (MABP 85 mmHg), systemic inflammation, multiple organs injuries, or neurological injury. (medsci.org)
  • However, it is not known whether resuscitation after a [ 10 - 12 ] HS can cause cerebral injury and concomitant neurological dysfunction, and its potential mechanisms. (medsci.org)
Distal2
  • Hard signs of vascular injury including diminished distal pulses are the hallmark of this complication, and should always prompt vascular surgery consultation. (jocr.co.in)
  • Due to concerns for vascular involvement, a computerized tomography (CT) angiogram of the right upper extremity was performed and revealed an occlusion of the axillary artery just distal to the takeoff of the subscapular artery (Fig. 2). (jocr.co.in)
Blockage2
  • The arteries in these alternative routes can widen to allow more blood to flow through them and avoid the blockage. (elifesciences.org)
  • Blockage of Central Retinal Arteries and Branch Retinal Arteries An artery in the retina (the transparent, light-sensitive structure at the back of the eye) may become blocked, causing sudden, painless loss of vision. (msdmanuals.com)
Incidence2
  • Penetrating nail-gun injuries to the head are rare, however, the incidence has been gradually rising over the last decade. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Given the shallow geometry of the glenoid fossa and large range of motion permitted, glenohumeral joint dislocation is a relatively common injury with an incidence of 24 per 100,000 persons per year [1]. (jocr.co.in)
Trigeminal1
  • Unusual persistent primitive trigeminal artery with a superior duplicated basilar system. (unm.edu)
Cervical Spine1
  • In addition to common pain-relieving medication in the form of tablets, this pain can often be treated by means of a specific infiltration of the cervical spine and head. (palma-clinic.com)
Patient3
  • 3-5 When treating a patient who has fallen, the emergency medicine physician should identify traumatic injuries, evaluate for medical pathology contributing to the fall, as well as manage the patient. (reliasmedia.com)
  • The patient was initially evaluated at an outside hospital where the vascular injury was not immediately identified, and then was subsequently transferred to our institution where he underwent bypass grafting without significant sequela. (jocr.co.in)
  • Patient outcomes following a minor polytrauma are often worse than those with a single severe injury. (medsci.org)
Arterial injury1
  • To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a vascular arterial injury to the MCA from a nail-gun injury. (surgicalneurologyint.com)