Protoporphyrin IX is an organic compound, classified as a porphyrin, that plays an important role in living organisms as a precursor to other critical compounds like heme (hemoglobin) and chlorophyll. (wikipedia.org)
Hemin (plasma-derived intravenous heme) is the definitive treatment and mainstay of management. (medscape.com)
Heme (iron protoporphyrin-IX), a co-factor and substrate of the enzyme, is catabolized through a process in which the key step involves the hydroxylation of the a-meso carbon of the porphyrin macrocycle by heme-bound oxygen. (datapdf.com)
Introduction Heme oxygenase (HO), the first and rate limiting enzyme of the microsomal heme degradation pathway, captures iron protoporphyrin-IX (heme) and converts it into billiverdin-IXa, carbon monoxide, and free iron by using molecular oxygen and electrons donated by cytochrome P450 reductase. (datapdf.com)
Ester4
Enzymological properties of the Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester oxidative cyclase system. (docksci.com)
Caroline J. WALKER,* Paul A. CASTELFRANCOt and Barry J. WHYTE Department of Botany, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A. The resolution and reconstitution of the Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester oxidative cyclase system into a supernatant and a pellet fraction was accomplished by a procedure involving salt treatment followed by osmotic shock. (docksci.com)
This restoration effect could be demonstrated using either Mg-protoporphyrin IX or Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester as the cyclase substrate in the presence or absence of S-adenosylmethionine. (docksci.com)
INTRODUCTION The Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (MgProtoMe) oxidative cyclase system (or cyclase) catalyses the conversion of MgProtoMe to protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) in the chlorophyll (Chl) synthesis pathway. (docksci.com)
Intravenous2
The treatment of choice for all but mild attacks of the acute porphyrias is intravenous hemin therapy, which should be started as soon as possible. (ashpublications.org)
Intravenous glucose alone is recommended only for mild attacks (no weakness or hyponatremia) or until hemin is available. (ashpublications.org)
Porphyrias1
Stool studies: The ratio of fecal coproporphyrin to fecal protoporphyrin varies among the porphyrias. (medscape.com)
Coproporphyrin2
For example, fecal protoporphyrin always exceeds coproporphyrin in VP, whereas the reverse is true in HCP. (medscape.com)
Urine coproporphyrin III and erythrocyte protoporphyrin IX levels are also elevated, although the pathogenesis of these findings is not understood. (medscape.com)
Protoheme1
Fe-protoporphyrin IX or protoheme IX). (wikipedia.org)
Erythrocyte1
Erythrocyte total protoporphyrin is the initial screening exam to diagnose EPP and XLP, if the total is elevated with metal-free protoporphyrin it is suggestive of EPP or XLP. (medscape.com)
Enzymes2
In the biosynthesis of those molecules, the metal cation is inserted into protoporphyrin IX by enzymes called chelatases. (wikipedia.org)
In both types of protoporphyria, a change in one of these enzymes causes an intermediate product called protoporphyrin (PPIX or "protoporphyrin 9") to accumulate in red blood cells. (porphyria.org)
Converts1
In chlorophyll biosynthesis, the enzyme magnesium chelatase converts it into Mg-protoporphyrin IX. (wikipedia.org)
PPIX1
Protoporphyrin IX reacts with iron salts in air to give the complex FeCl(PPIX). (wikipedia.org)
Acid1
A review of the disease progression among the eight reported cases found an elevation in circulating levels of the rate-limiting hepatic enzyme 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase-1 (ALAS1) and response to treatment with hemin. (medscape.com)
Iron1
A metalloprotoporphyrin in which the four pyrrole nitrogens of the protoporphyrin moiety are coordinated to iron. (ebi.ac.uk)
Levels2
Mutation in human CLPX elevates levels of delta-aminolevulinate synthase and protoporphyrin IX to promote erythropoietic protoporphyria. (utah.edu)
Researchers showed that protoporphyrin levels can vary as much as 25% within people with EPP and XLP -meaning there are normal changes in these levels over time, but bigger increases in values should be followed up with a specialist. (porphyria.org)
Includes1
Fischer also generated the Roman numeral naming system which includes 15 protoporphyrin analogs, the naming system is not systematic however. (wikipedia.org)
Zinc protoporphyrin1
19. Iron protoporphyrin IX (hemin) but not tin or zinc protoporphyrin IX can stimulate gene expression in K562 cells from enhancer elements containing binding sites for NF-E2. (nih.gov)
Ferric-protoporphyrin1
The prosthetic group of hemoglobin, ferrous protoporphyrin, we call ferroheme, ferriheme being ferric protoporphyrin combined with a negative ion (chloride in hemin, hydroxide in hematin). (nih.gov)
Ferrous-protoporphyrin1
Here, we report the identification of ferrous-protoporphyrin IX [Fe(II)PPIX] as a novel endogenous anti-malarial. (ox.ac.uk)
Porphyrin3
Severe liver complications are difficult to treat: cholestyramine and other porphyrin absorbents (to interrupt the enterohepatic circulation of protoporphyrin and promote its fecal excretion) and plasmapheresis and intravenous hemin are sometimes beneficial. (nih.gov)
bonds in nickel protoporphyrin shows that the four porphyrin nitrogen atoms are co- planar, or nearly coplanar, as is, indeed, certain for a conjugated system such as the porphyrin molecule. (nih.gov)
We have found that on heating palladous chloride and protoporphyrin in glacial acetic acid solution a substance (presumably palladous proto- porphyrin) is obtained with an absorption spectrum similar to that of a hemochromogen, the bands being somewhat less sharp. (nih.gov)
Hemoglobin4
The hemoglobin effects appear to require iron in a protoporphyrin complex, because hemin stimulates PMA-induced CL, whereas neither ferrous nor ferric iron has any effect. (cdc.gov)
In this work, we analyzed and mapped the interaction sequences of Hx with hemin and hemoglobin. (fiocruz.br)
The spot-synthesis technique was used to map human hemopexin (P02790) binding to hemin and human hemoglobin. (fiocruz.br)
THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND STRUCTURE OF THE HEMOCHROMOGENS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES By Linus PAULING AND CHARLES D. CorYELL GaTEs CHEMICAL LABORATORY, CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Communicated February 20, 1936 In the course of a general study of the structure of hemoglobin and its derivatives we have investigated the magnetic properties of ferriheme, ferroheme, several hemochromogens and nickel protoporphyrin. (nih.gov)
Fecal2
Stool studies: The ratio of fecal coproporphyrin to fecal protoporphyrin varies among the porphyrias. (medscape.com)
For example, fecal protoporphyrin always exceeds coproporphyrin in VP, whereas the reverse is true in HCP. (medscape.com)
Myoglobin3
Spectral hole burning study of protoporphyrin IX substituted myoglobin. (docksci.com)
Deuterium labeling of the meso position of hemin reconstituted into sperm whale myoglobin and horseradish peroxidase reveals that both the hydrogen peroxide treated myoblobin (ferryl myoglobin) and horseradish peroxidase compound I1 exhibit only meso H resonances with significant hyperfine shift and that these shifts are essentially the same as those found in the low-spin Fe"=O model complexes. (datapdf.com)
Porphyrins1
The prefix proto often means 'first' in science nomenclature (such as carbon protoxide), hence Hans Fischer is thought to have coined the name protoporphyrin as the first class of porphyrins. (wikipedia.org)
Chlorophyll1
In chlorophyll biosynthesis, the enzyme magnesium chelatase converts it into Mg-protoporphyrin IX. (wikipedia.org)
Compound1
Herein, we investigated the potential of lyophilization to produce dispersible dry LCNP loaded with the hydrophobic antimicrobial compound gallium protoporphyrin (GaPP). (mdpi.com)
Effect1
1. A high concentration of triiodothyronine attenuates the stimulatory effect on hemin-induced erythroid differentiation of human erythroleukemia K562 cells. (nih.gov)
Human1
18. Hemin-induced erythroid differentiation of human myeloleukemia K562 cell line and its modification by bioresponse modifiers. (nih.gov)
Study1
This study provides new insights into Hx-hemin binding motifs and protein-protein interactions with Hb. (fiocruz.br)
Properties1
The nitric oxide (NO) binding properties of monolayers of four different protoporphyrins IX adsorbed on aluminum oxide surfaces have been investigated. (tno.nl)
Class1
Nickel protoporphyrin is a substance of this class. (nih.gov)