Hematopoietic progenitor stem cells malignant stem cells clone cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Although bone marrow fibrosis is seen in a variety of malignant and non-malignant disease states, the deposition of reticulin and collagen fibrosis in the bone marrow of patients with myelofibrosis is believed to be mediated by the myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell, contributing to an impaired microenvironment favoring malignant over normal hematopoiesis. (haematologica.org)
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the only curative therapeutic approach that reliably results in resolution of bone marrow fibrosis in patients with myelofibrosis. (haematologica.org)
This event explains the presence of multiple derangements observed in the bone marrow that involve several cell lineages. (medscape.com)
As the affected cell lines continue to divide and to provide the marrow with dysplastic cells, bone marrow dysfunction becomes apparent. (medscape.com)
Criteria for diagnosis of MDS consist of anemia, thrombocytopenia, or neutropenia that persist for six months or longer, dysplasia greater than 10% in at least one bone marrow cell lineage, and MDS associated clonal cytogenetic abnormalities or molecular markers. (standardofcare.com)
When the bone marrow hematopoietic cells are mostly clonally derived cells, the disease is clinically manifested as cytopenia and morphologic dysplasia. (standardofcare.com)
Myeloproliferative neoplasms are clonal proliferations of bone marrow stem cells, which can manifest as an increased number of platelets, red blood cells (RBCs), or white blood cells (WBCs), alone or in combination, in the circulation and sometimes with fibrosis in the bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis (cell production outside the marrow). (msdmanuals.com)
Although proliferation of one or more hematopoietic cell types dominates the clinical picture in each of these disorders, all three are caused by clonal proliferation of a pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell, causing an increased proliferation of normal RBC, WBC, and platelet progenitors in the bone marrow. (msdmanuals.com)
This abnormal clone does not, however, produce bone marrow fibroblasts, which can proliferate in a polyclonal, reactive, and reversible fashion in response to the abnormal stem cell. (msdmanuals.com)
The use of human telomerase reverse transcriptase-immortalized bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hTERT-BMSCs) as vehicles to deliver antinociceptive galanin (GAL) molecules into pain-processing centers represents a novel cell therapy strategy for pain management. (hindawi.com)
Bone marrow stem cells, including the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), are being considered as potential targets for cell and gene therapy-based approaches against a variety of different diseases. (hindawi.com)
1 Neutrophils arise in the bone marrow from a multipotent progenitor cell that also gives rise to all other formed elements of the blood. (oncohemakey.com)
Our data provide evidence that adult stem cells in bone marrow can be efficiently transduced vector administration without preconditioning. (eyesoftheelephants.com)
gene transfer, hematopoietic stem cells, lentiviral vectors, mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, bone marrow transplantation, hematopoiesis Introduction HIV-based lentiviral vectors (LV) were proven to be capable of transducing a broad spectrum of nondividing cells in multiple mammalian species cIAP1 Ligand-Linker Conjugates 14 [1]. (eyesoftheelephants.com)
Following intravenous administration of a first-generation LV into adult mice, we found that bone marrow exhibited the highest levels of transgene among nine organs examined, with more than 10% green fluorescent protein-positive (GFP+) cells detected in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) in these mice [9]. (eyesoftheelephants.com)
Bone marrow stem cells from adults have been viewed as the ideal target for gene- and cell-based therapy of genetic diseases, selected malignant diseases, and AIDS. (eyesoftheelephants.com)
In addition cIAP1 Ligand-Linker Conjugates 14 to HSC, bone marrow contains mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSC), which can differentiate into mature cells of multiple mesenchymal tissues cIAP1 Ligand-Linker Conjugates 14 including fat, bone, and cartilage. (eyesoftheelephants.com)
We examined the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells on bone marrow samples of hematologic malignancies and healthy controls using four-color flow cytometry experiments. (researchsquare.com)
Interestingly, the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells were highly expressed in bone marrow of patients with AML compared to that of healthy controls (HC). (researchsquare.com)
In this study, we focused on measuring LSCs easily in the bone marrow cells from AML patients by developing a four-color flow cytometric analysis. (researchsquare.com)
4. Characterisation of cell-extrinsic regulators of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, including bone marrow niche populations, and how they are disrupted during the development of myeloproliferative neoplasms and related conditions. (ox.ac.uk)
The etiology of bone marrow failure (BMF) includes defective stem/progenitor cells and/or stroma/accessory cells/growth factors, as well as deficient nonspecific nutrients or, as in the case of acquired aplastic anemia, immune-mediated abnormalities. (medscape.com)
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) are usually the result of intrinsic stem cell/progenitor defects. (medscape.com)
The bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) is a complex network system primarily comprising stromal cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoprogenitor cells, vascular endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, and cytokines. (techscience.com)
The bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) population, which makes up a large part of the hematopoietic microenvironment, encompasses a variety of adherent cell types. (techscience.com)
PV is a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) of the bone marrow characterized by an overproduction of erythrocytes and often other blood cells. (cdc.gov)
Decreased WBC count, leukopenia, is seen when supply is depleted by infection or treatment such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or when a hematopoietic stem cell abnormality does not allow normal growth/maturation within the bone marrow, such as myelodysplastic syndrome or leukemia. (medscape.com)
These are the malignant proliferations of abnormal clones of white blood cells within the bone marrow that are broadly categorized into lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms depending on the type of white cell proliferation. (medscape.com)

Early clinical data suggest imetelstat may have disease-modifying activity through the suppression of malignant progenitor cell clone proliferation, which allows potential recovery of normal hematopoiesis. (globenewswire.com)
Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and peripheral cytopenias. (standardofcare.com)
The roles of clonal hematopoiesis, RNA-binding proteins, and alterations in metabolism and cell signaling (e.g. (cshlpress.com)
Open in a separate window FIG. LAM-PCR exhibited that multiple transduced clones contributed to hematopoiesis in these animals. (eyesoftheelephants.com)
NFAT proteins are expressed in normal and malignant lymphatic hematopoiesis. (biomedcentral.com)
In approximately 15% of patients, however, myelofibrosis is accompanied by significant extramedullary hematopoiesis, hepatosplenomegaly, and transfusion-dependent anemia, which are manifestations of stem cell failure. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Some persons with clonal hematopoiesis are at increased risk for the development of myeloid cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes, a risk that increases as the hematopoietic clone expands in size.16 Stopping this expansion may delay or avert leukemic progression, and therapeutic approaches to this end are being developed and tested. (cdc.gov)

The experiments explored the hypothesis that the combination of imetelstat and ruxolitinib might create a treatment regimen for MF that could be more efficacious than using either drug alone in reducing myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells. (globenewswire.com)
As stated in the abstract, these findings suggest that an additive inhibitory activity against malignant myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells can be achieved using a sequential treatment regimen of ruxolitinib followed by imetelstat. (globenewswire.com)

Genetic abnormalities associated with MDS block differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (medscape.com)
Stromal cell CD9 regulates differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. (bdbiosciences.com)

For pediatric patients with refractory cytopenia, certain cytogenetic abnormalities, or malignant transformation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from a matched related or unrelated donor early in the course of the disease is the treatment of choice. (medscape.com)
Studies have increasingly focused on the potential therapeutic effects of stem cell transplantation for neurological diseases [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
this limitation has been overcome via ectopic expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic component of telomerase, to produce large quantities of these cells as an attractive source for cellular transplantation [ 16 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)

FLT3 ITD triggers the proliferation of the quiescent hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool but fails to directly transform HSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Heterozygous Dnmt3a R878C induces expansion of quiescent hematopoietic stem cell pool. (u-tokyo-hemat.com)

HSCs are (with memory lymphocytes as the exception) the only long-lived cells in the haematopoietic system, a property that makes them a key target for the sequential accumulation of leukaemogenic mutations. (ox.ac.uk)
In my project I would like to investigate the role of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) bias in the development of MLL-induced acute leukaemias during ageing. (ox.ac.uk)
Although human HSCs as vehicles to treat metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) has been used to treat patients with early onset MLD in a phase I/II trial, the HSCs give rise to all different blood cell lineages, such as the myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
5 Even if the identification of the target antigen(s) remains elusive, it is plausible that these auto-reactive T cells recognize specific epitopes presented on hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells (HSCs) through HLA molecules. (ashpublications.org)
It maintains normal hematopoietic function by interacting with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to control their proliferation and differentiation ( Morrison and Scadden, 2014 ). (techscience.com)

We discuss the rationale of various anti-fibrogenic treatment strategies targeting the clonal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell, aberrant signaling pathways, fibrogenic cytokines, and the tumor microenvironment. (haematologica.org)
2010 ). The majority of SCN patients with leukemic progression show the appearance of hematopoietic clones with somatic mutations in CSF3R , resulting in a truncated form of CSF3R with defective internalization and aberrant signaling properties ( Touw, 2015 ). (molcells.org)
To prevent aberrant cell proliferation, these pathways are tightly regulated. (hindawi.com)
Recent studies have isolated distinct cell populations from infantile hemangiomas that display properties equivalent to aberrant progenitor cells, suggesting that, in addition to malignant tumors, benign tumors may also contain a stem cell-like component. (medscape.com)

In most human somatic cells except for stem cells and lymphocytes, telomerase activity is diminished after birth so that telomere length shortens with each cell division. (nature.com)
The microenvironment, consisting of lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial elements, and stroma in which hematopoietic cells reside, creates a regulatory niche that determines the local area network. (medscape.com)
The white blood cells (leukocytes) are further divided into phagocytes or myeloid (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes) and immunocytes or lymphoid (lymphocytes). (medscape.com)

Our overarching aim is to improve the management of myeloproliferative neoplasms and related conditions through better monitoring and therapeutic targeting of malignant stem cell populations. (ox.ac.uk)
POT1 mutation carriers had a range of benign and malignant neoplasms involving epithelial, mesenchymal, and neuronal tissues in addition to B- and T-cell lymphoma and myeloid cancers. (cdc.gov)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Mastocytosis and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome Mastocytosis is mast cell proliferation with infiltration of skin or other tissues and organs. (msdmanuals.com)
In order to evaluate different neo-angiogenesis levels inside malignant tissues derived from oral and odontogenic epithelia, many studies have focused on cluster differentiation 34 (CD34) protein expression combined with micro vessel density (MVD) in them ( Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 12(2) (2011)">5 - Acta Odontol Scand 68(5) (2010)">9 ). (cancerdiagnosisprognosis.org)
Depending on the source, stem cells can be classified into two broad categories i.e. embryonic stem cells that are derived from embryos and non-embryonic stem cells that are derived from adult and fetal tissues. (benthamscience.com)
Mouse nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (NT-ESCs) were first established in 2000, and then proved to be able to differentiate either in vivo or in vitro, and give rise to individual tissues through germ line transmission or tetraploid complementation. (benthamscience.com)
Antigenicity for each protein was quantified based on staining intensity and percentage of tissue positive for each antigen, and subsequently compared to data obtained from two control tissue sets: 10 vascular tissues and a panel of 58 various malignant sarcomas. (medscape.com)
With the exception of Myc (which was only present in a subset of benign, borderline, and malignant tumors), Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and Klf4 were detectable at variable levels across both normal and diseased tissues. (medscape.com)
genic models are inadequate for number of activated CD8-positive T LMP1 was strongly expressed in the understanding the cancer etiology in cells increased considerably in the lymphoma tissues but was hardly the context of natural viral infection. (who.int)

Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) The myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders typified by peripheral cytopenia, dysplastic hematopoietic progenitors, a hypercellular or hypocellular. (msdmanuals.com)

He also went proto-oncogene hunting, cloning out the normal cell version of the Fms oncogene and identifying the mutations that make it oncogenic. (fredhutch.org)
This was one of the initial discoveries that mutations in a cell surface receptor could initiate oncogenesis, just one year after the avian erythroblastosis virus oncogene was found to be a mutant EGF receptor. (fredhutch.org)
Mutations in TET2 , encoding one of the TET members responsible for the conversion of DNA cytosine methylation to hydroxymethylation (5-hmc), have been recently described in Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). (oncotarget.com)
The clone has a advantage provided by the somatic genetics change with driver mutations. (standardofcare.com)
The mutation occurs in hematopoetic stem cells capable of self renewal and additional mutations are associated with clonal progression may occur in progenitor cells conferring a self renewal capability. (standardofcare.com)
Whereas ALL is most commonly observed in paediatric patients, the incidence of AML increases with age, as does the number of recurrent mutations within the malignant clone. (ox.ac.uk)
Acute leukaemias arise through the sequential acquisition of mutations that lead to pre-leukaemic clonal expansion, followed by leukaemic transformation of lineage-restricted progenitors through their acquisition of ectopic self-renewal and impaired terminal differentiation. (ox.ac.uk)
Cells become cancerous by accumulating, stepwise, a series of several mutations that alter the function of genes important for cell growth. (agemed.org)
Our particular focus is to refine risk stratification of patients using these molecular markers and also to gain a better understanding of how germline mutations might disrupt stem/progenitor cell populations to promote the development of myeloid malignancies. (ox.ac.uk)
Ezh2 and Runx1 Mutations Collaborate to Initiate Lympho-Myeloid Leukemia in Early Thymic Progenitors. (ox.ac.uk)
However, cancer cells overcome these controls, in particular by acquiring genetic mutations leading to the activation of oncogenes (pten, myc) or loss of tumor suppressors (p53) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

In fact, low levels of telomerase activity have been found in human adult stem cells including haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic stem cells such as neuronal, skin, intestinal crypt, mammary epithelial, pancreas, adrenal cortex, kidney, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ( Table 1 ). (nature.com)
The pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be related to the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which could influence the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. (techscience.com)

Klapholz-Brown Z, Walmsley GG, Nusse YM, Nusse R, Brown PO "Transcriptional program induced by wnt protein in human fibroblasts suggests mechanisms for cell cooperativity in defining tissue microenvironments. (openwetware.org)
We found that INK4b and INK4a , but not ARF , are upregulated following the differentiation of haematopoietic progenitor cells, in ageing fibroblasts and in senescing malignant rhabdoid tumour cells. (biomedcentral.com)
that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)

Inhibition of JAK-STAT or NF-κB pathways did not result in rescue of PD-L1 up-regulation in RAD21 -deficient cells, suggesting more complex or combinatorial mechanisms at play. (dana-farber.org)
A critical length of telomere repeats is required to ensure proper telomere function and avoid the activation of DNA damage pathways that result in replicative senescence or cell death. (nature.com)
We are also applying this approach to analyse patients receiving novel targeted therapies in order to better understand mechanisms of resistance to molecularly targeted therapy in stem cell populations and pathways of transformation to more aggressive forms of disease. (ox.ac.uk)
Lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides necessary for the biosynthesis of the daughter cells are mostly provided by intermediate metabolites of these pathways. (hindawi.com)
Its molecular counterpart, the resultant BCR-ABL fusion gene, encodes a constitutively active form of the ABL tyrosine kinase (TK) that induces malignancy through the activation of multiple signal transduction pathways involved in hematopoietic cell growth and survival. (touchoncology.com)

Using 2 complementary functional precision medicine techniques - BH3 profiling and high-throughput kinase activity mapping - we found that hyperphosphorylation of BCL-2 family proteins, including antiapoptotic myeloid leukemia 1 (MCL-1) and BCL-2 and proapoptotic BCL-2 agonist of cell death (BAD) and BCL-2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX), underlies functional mechanisms of both intrinsic and acquired resistance to venetoclax in CLL and DLBCL. (bvsalud.org)
The MDS cell of origin is a hematopoetic stem cell that proliferates and escapes apoptosis. (standardofcare.com)
Apoptosis Programmed Cell Death (PCD). (agemed.org)
Signals to trigger apoptosis may come from within the cell or from outside, by stimulating suicide receptors in the cell's external membrane. (agemed.org)
Internal signals producing apoptosis depend on interactions of several proteins and may serve to protect the organism from cancer by killing cells that have pre-cancerous changes. (agemed.org)
[8] Binding of TSP-1 to CD47 influences several fundamental cellular functions including cell migration and adhesion, cell proliferation or apoptosis, and plays a role in the regulation of angiogenesis and inflammation. (wikidoc.org)
CD47 ligation leads to cell death in many normal and tumor cell lines via apoptosis or autophagy . (wikidoc.org)
The activation of CD47 induces rapid apoptosis of T cells. (wikidoc.org)
Jurkat cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) incubated with the monoclonal antibody Ad22 results in apoptosis within 3 hours. (wikidoc.org)
Similarly, CD47 ligation rapidly induces apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. (wikidoc.org)
CD9-mediated costimulation of TCR-triggered naive T cells leads to activation followed by apoptosis. (bdbiosciences.com)
Accelerated hematopoietic cell apoptosis has been demonstrated in virtually all IBMFS. (medscape.com)
A successful therapy must therefore eliminate these cells known to be highly resistant to apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
In this paper, we describe the metabolic changes as well as the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis occurring in cancer cells and cancer stem cells, underlying the connection between these two processes. (hindawi.com)

CD135 is a 130-160 kD type III tyrosine kinase receptor expressed on CD34 + hematopoietic stem cells, myelomonocytic progenitors, primitive B cell progenitors, and thymocytes. (biolegend.com)
Expressed on CD34 + hematopoietic stem cells, myelomonocytic progenitors, primitive B cell progenitors, and thymocytes. (biolegend.com)
CD34 (gene band: 1q32.2) is a ~120-kDa cell surface-transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein acting as an adhesion molecule between cells ( J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 15(1) (2001)">10 ). (cancerdiagnosisprognosis.org)
Furthermore, CD34 enhances T-cell motivation leading to lymph node infiltration ( Oral Dis 15(6) (2009)">14 ). (cancerdiagnosisprognosis.org)
Additionally, the high levels of the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells in AML patients were an independently significant poor risk factor for overall survival and event free survivals. (researchsquare.com)
Therefore, our results suggest that CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells in AML might have the potential of leukemia stem cells. (researchsquare.com)
For examples, Rhenen et al showed that a high percentage of CD34 + CD38 - stem cells at diagnosis significantly correlated with a high minimal residual disease frequency and subsequently to relapse especially after the third course of chemotherapy in AML patients. (researchsquare.com)
Moreover, the CD34 + CD38 - progenitor cells expressed variable amounts of the target receptor CD33, CD133 and c-kit (CD117) [ 20 ]. (researchsquare.com)
Mouse anti-human CD45-FITC (Clone 2D1, Cat No. 347463), Mouse Anti-human CD34-PE [Clone 8G12 (also known as HPCA2), Cat No. 348057], Mouse anti-human CD38-PE-Cy™5 (Clone HIT2, Cat No. 555461) and appropriated isotype control antibodies were purchased from BD Biosciences (San Diego, CA, USA). (researchsquare.com)
CCDC88C-FLT3 gene fusion in CD34-positive haematopoietic stem and multilineage cells in myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia. (u-tokyo-hemat.com)

Using our recently established haploid human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), we generated a genome-wide loss-of-function library targeting 18,166 protein-coding genes to define the essential genes in hPSCs. (nature.com)
Kuldip S. Sidhu , " Frontiers in Pluripotent Stem Cells Research and Therapeutic Potentials Bench-to-Bedside ", Bentham Science Publishers (2012). (benthamscience.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cells, another types of pluripotent stem cells derived from any tissue by reprogramming and are the homologous source of stem cells. (benthamscience.com)
The proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells give rise to progeny that can populate the entire immunologic and hematopoietic systems through committed progenitors of both the lymphoid and myeloid lineages. (medscape.com)

This state may persist until a clone undergoes further transformation to leukemia and the marrow becomes fibrotic and aplastic. (medscape.com)
A heterogenous group of myeloid disorders characterized by somatically mutated hematopoietic stem cells,the presence of variable peripheral cytopenias, and a broad risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (standardofcare.com)
Myeloid leukemia with transdifferentiation plasticity developing from T-cell progenitors. (ox.ac.uk)
Acute leukemias Leukemia is a malignant condition involving the excess production of immature or abnormal leukocytes, which eventually suppresses the production of normal blood cells and results in symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
Leukemia and lymphoma are cancers that affect white blood cells. (cshlpress.com)
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) played important roles in development of leukemia, chemotherapeutic drug resistance, and disease relapse and progression. (researchsquare.com)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is generally regarded as a stem cell disease, and it originates from a hierarchy of leukemic stem cell classes that differ in self-renewal capacity [ 1 , 2 ]. (researchsquare.com)
Interestingly, chemotherapy, including hydroxyurea, has been associated with acute leukemia in JAK2 V617F-negative stem cells in some PV patients. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The CD9 antibody, clone M-L13, is derived from the hybridization of mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from mice immunized with common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
CD19 appears to be expressed on myeloid leukemia cells, particularly those of monocytic lineage. (thermofisher.com)
Leukemia phenotype studies have demonstrated that the earliest and broadest B cell restricted antigen is the CD19 antigen. (thermofisher.com)
Single-cell transcriptomics uncovers distinct molecular signatures of stem cells in chronic myeloid leukemia. (ox.ac.uk)
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic cells carrying the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), the product of reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2). (touchoncology.com)
These malignancies are further characterized by the maturity and differentiation of the individual cell types and are divided into acute leukemias such as acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic leukemias such as chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (medscape.com)

Palmer C, Diehn M, Alizadeh AA, Brown PO "Cell-type specific gene expression profiles of leukocytes in human peripheral blood. (openwetware.org)
Neutropenia can occur upon disruption of any of these processes: it may reflect decreased marrow production, increased margination (especially in the setting of splenomegaly and sequestration by the spleen), or peripheral immune destruction of mature cells. (oncohemakey.com)
Applications Tested: This HIB19 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. (thermofisher.com)
The CD19 molecule is expressed on 100% of the peripheral B cells as defined by expression of kappa or lambda light chains. (thermofisher.com)
Discordant lymphomas of classic Hodgkin lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma following dupilumab treatment for atopic dermatitis. (u-tokyo-hemat.com)

The clonal outgrowth of mutant stem cells favors and abnormal hematopoietic stem cell niche. (standardofcare.com)

However, neither the amount of genomic 5-hmc in ATLL tumor cells nor TET2 expression has been studied yet. (oncotarget.com)
New therapeutic concepts in anti-tumor therapy aim to modulate the patient's immune system to increase its aggressiveness or targeted effects toward tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
CD47 is ubiquitously expressed in human cells and has been found to be overexpressed in many different tumor cells. (wikidoc.org)
The researchers found that even when radiation kills half of the tumor cells treated, the surviving cells which are resistant to treatment, known as induced breast cancer stem cells (iBCSCs), were up to 30 times more likely to form tumors than the nonirradiated breast cancer cells. (mexicancancerclinics.com)
Typically, rapidly proliferating tumor cells have glycolytic rates up to 200 times higher than those of their normal tissue of origin, even in the presence of oxygen [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

3 Myelofibrosis (MF) refers to the Philadelphia chromosome ( BCR-ABL1 )-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) originating at the level of the multipotent hematopoietic stem cell. (haematologica.org)
Loss of CD47 allows sustained proliferation of primary murine endothelial cells and enables these cells to spontaneously reprogram to form multipotent embryoid body-like clusters. (wikidoc.org)

Recently, the importance of telomere maintenance in human stem cells has been highlighted by studies on dyskeratosis congenital, which is a genetic disorder in the human telomerase component. (nature.com)
Wutz, A. Haploid mouse embryonic stem cells: rapid genetic screening and germline transmission. (nature.com)
Genetic modification and screening in rat using haploid embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
The contributors review the normal functions of hematopoietic stem cells-the precursors to white blood cells-and then examine the genetic, epigenetic, and cellular mechanisms that drive malignant transformation. (cshlpress.com)
Dr. Multani has extensive expertise in the field of Human and Mammalian Cytogenetics, and specializes in the evaluation of genetic instability and complex chromosomal rearrangements in cancer cells, telomere dysfunction, characterization of embryonic stem cells, and authentication of cell lines. (mdanderson.org)
In contrast, cancer cells shift their metabolism toward lactate production even in the presence of oxygen [ 4 ], partly through genetic modifications that stabilize the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) involved in the adaptation of the cells to hypoxia, under nonhypoxic conditions as well as generating an adaptive response to the hypoxic microenvironment (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)

Other lymphoid malignancies such as diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are frequently intrinsically resistant to venetoclax. (bvsalud.org)
Targeting BCL-2 family protein phosphorylation with phosphatase-activating drugs rewired these dependencies, thus restoring sensitivity to venetoclax in a panel of venetoclax-resistant lymphoid cell lines, a resistant mouse model, and in paired patient samples before venetoclax treatment and at the time of progression. (bvsalud.org)

Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are single-pass cell surface receptors that have inhibitory activities on immune cells. (mdpi.com)
CD47 interacts with signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), an inhibitory transmembrane receptor present on myeloid cells . (wikidoc.org)

The paradox is that the mutation provides advantage at the stem cell level and progenitor cells, with a disadvantage at the level of hematopoietic precursors. (standardofcare.com)

Periapical cysts (PCs) belong to the inflammatory odontogenic cysts sub-category and rarely squamous cell carcinoma arises from their hyperplastic/ dysplastic epithelia. (cancerdiagnosisprognosis.org)
Although rare, primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma arises from their hyperplastic/dysplastic epithelia in untended, misdiagnosed cases ( Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 120(5) (2015)">3 , J Cancer Res Ther 16(3) (2020)">4 ). (cancerdiagnosisprognosis.org)

The isolation of temperature-sensitive transformation-defective mutants of Rous sarcoma virus led to the hypothesis that the viral protein or proteins should be temperature-sensitive in its expression or function, and Dr. John Wyke and Rohrschneider found that expression of some of the cell-surface tumor antigens correlated with transformation, suggesting that they were under control of the transforming gene. (fredhutch.org)
Here, we will discuss the current insights and ideas regarding mutant RUNX1 in the context of malignant transformation of iBMFs, taking SCN as the leading example. (molcells.org)
raising the question how these CSF3R mutants contribute to the malignant transformation of SCN. (molcells.org)
While the inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T-cells 2 ( NFAT2 , NFATC1 ) is overexpressed in AML, it is unknown whether it plays a role in FLT3 ITD -induced HSC transformation. (biomedcentral.com)
We find that NFATC1 governs FLT3 ITD -driven precursor cell expansion and transformation, causing a fully penetrant lethal AML. (biomedcentral.com)

2018. Cell Rep. 25:2083. (biolegend.com)

Sääf AM, Halbleib JM, Chen X, Tsan Yuen S, Yi Leung S, Nelson WJ, Brown PO "Parallels between Global Transcriptional Programs of Polarizing Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Vitro and Gene Expression Programs in Normal and Colon Cancer. (openwetware.org)

In a proof of concept in vivo study, we also observed a therapeutic effect of adoptively transferred IL-15 expanded and IL-21 boosted NK cells in combination with image guided high precision radiation therapy using a luciferase-transduced RMS xenograft model. (frontiersin.org)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can grow infinitely and give rise to all types of cells in human body, thus of tremendous therapeutic potentials for a variety of diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, and diabetes. (benthamscience.com)
Under such circumstances, the idea of "therapeutic cloning" was proposed, indicating the generation of ESCs from SCNT embryos for therapeutic purpose. (benthamscience.com)
In addition, this cell population might be a novel therapeutic target for AML. (researchsquare.com)

The Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology (HSCB) Laboratory is focused on understanding how the normal haematopoietic stem/progenitor hierarchy is disrupted during the development of myeloid malignancies. (ox.ac.uk)
The major focus of our research programme is to identify and genetically model leukaemic and pre-leukaemic stem cells in myeloid malignancies. (ox.ac.uk)
1. Development of genetically engineered models of myeloid malignancies in order to study the impact of specific driver mutation(s) on the establishment, evolution and propagation of leukaemic stem cells. (ox.ac.uk)

Discovery of the PD-L1 and IFN up-regulation in cohesin-mutant cells expands our understanding of the biology of cohesin-deficient cells as well as molecular regulation of the PD-L1 molecule. (dana-farber.org)
The study of biology of stem cells is the hallmark of the recent emerging field of regenerative medicine and medical biotechnology. (benthamscience.com)
In evolutionary biology, this condition is supposed to confer a disadvantage because of a less efficient T-cell response against tumors and infectious agents. (ashpublications.org)
Our overarching aim is to better characterise the cellular and molecular biology of these key populations of cells in order to understand how malignant stem cell populations might be more effectively targeted and eradicated. (ox.ac.uk)

Indeed, the potent pathotropic migratory properties of BMSCs and ability to circumvent both the complications associated with immune rejection of allogenic cells and many of the moral reasons associated with embryonic stem cell use suggest that BMSCs are most promising stem cells as a potential target for the clinical use of genetically engineered stem cells [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)

My research activity focuses on the role of haematopoietic lineage bias in the development of different types of acute leukaemias and how this contribution changes during ageing. (ox.ac.uk)

However, obtaining primary neuronal cells from adult tissue is difficult and faces major ethical issues in clinical practice. (hindawi.com)

Soen Y, Mori A, Palmer TD, Brown PO "Exploring the regulation of human neural precursor cell differentiation using arrays of signaling microenvironments. (openwetware.org)
The receptor for CD19 is an important functional regulator of normal and malignant B cell proliferation, and is expressed in all B cell precursor leukemias. (thermofisher.com)

Development and homeostasis require the coordinate regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)

2021. Cells. (biolegend.com)

Visualizing the dynamic of adoptively transferred T cells during the rejection of large established tumors. (ox.ac.uk)
Cancer cells often spread (or metastasize ) throughout the body by way of the bloodstream or lymphatic vessels to form tumors in new locations beyond the primary site of origin. (agemed.org)
Tumors are actually highly organized assemblages of cells, which are surprisingly well-coordinated for cells that are supposed to be the result of strictly random mutation. (mexicancancerclinics.com)
Because tumors are not simply the result of one or more mutated cells "going rogue" and producing exact clones of itself (multi-mutational and clonal hypotheses), but are a diverse group of cells having radically different phenotypal characteristics, chemotherapy and radiation will affect each cell type differently. (mexicancancerclinics.com)
Tumors are composed of a wide range of cells, many of which are entirely benign. (mexicancancerclinics.com)
The "stem cell theory of cancer" states that a subpopulation of cells with stem cell-like properties plays a central role in the formation, sustainment, spread, and drug resistant characteristics of malignant tumors. (medscape.com)
Semi-quantitative evaluation of our immunohistochemical staining revealed that protein expression of Oct4, Nanog, Myc, and Sox2, but not Klf4, was significantly increased in benign, borderline, and malignant vascular tumors relative to non-diseased vascular tissue controls. (medscape.com)
These findings provide supporting evidence that enrichment for proteins involved in pluripotency is not restricted solely to malignant tumors as is suggested by the "stem cell theory of cancer", but additionally extends to common benign vascular tumors such as hemangiomas. (medscape.com)

I was investigating the role of epigenetic mechanisms during haematopoietic differentiation. (ox.ac.uk)
The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)

Polycythemia Vera Polycythemia vera is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by an increase in morphologically normal red cells (its hallmark), but also white cells and platelets. (msdmanuals.com)
The image shows single cell RNA-sequencing analysis of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from a patient with a myeloproliferative neoplasm. (ox.ac.uk)

[5] Conditions such as anemias and immunodeficiencies, for which fetal tissue attempts largely failed, are now treated routinely with adult stem cells, including umbilical cord blood stem cells, [6] even while the patient is still in the womb. (lozierinstitute.org)
Independent origins of fetal liver haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (u-tokyo-hemat.com)

In other words, the radiation treatment regresses the total population of cancer cells, generating the false appearance that the treatment is working, but actually increases the ratio of highly malignant to benign cells within that tumor, eventually leading to the iatrogenic (treatment-induced) death of the patient. (mexicancancerclinics.com)

Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)

Besides surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, immune activation by direct application of cytokines, antibodies or adoptive cell therapy are promising approaches. (frontiersin.org)
In this study, we addressed feeder cell-free expansion methods using common γ-chain cytokines, especially IL-15 and IL-21. (frontiersin.org)
In vivo development and survival of NK cells require cytokines ( 6 - 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
In this context, cytokines have been shown to activate NK cells potently during ex vivo expansion ( 9 - 12 ). (frontiersin.org)

By employing a direct in situ approach, we documented that tumor T cells infiltrating lymph nodes exhibit low level of 5-hmc compared to residual normal T cells. (oncotarget.com)

To identify cancer drivers involved in immune evasion, we performed a CRISPR-Cas9 screen of tumor suppressor genes regulating the basal and interferon (IFN)-inducible cell surface levels of PD-L1. (dana-farber.org)
hPSC-enriched essential genes mainly encode transcription factors and proteins related to cell-cycle and DNA-repair, revealing that a quarter of the nuclear factors are essential for normal growth. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Analysis of cell-essential genes. (nature.com)
They are capable of building their own blood supply (angiogenesis), are able to defend themselves by silencing cancer-suppression genes, secreting corrosive enzymes to move freely throughout the body, alter their metabolism to live in low oxygen and acidic environments, and know how to remove their own surface-receptor proteins to escape detection by white blood cells. (mexicancancerclinics.com)
The precise pathophysiology of inherited single cell and multilineage cytopenias has not been elucidated despite the identification of many of the genes mutated in these disorders. (medscape.com)
Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)

Telomerase can add telomeric repeats onto the chromosome ends, and prevents the replication-dependent loss of telomere and cellular senescence in highly proliferative cells of the germline and in the majority of cancers ( Blasco, 2005 ). (nature.com)

First, maintaining stem cell properties including repopulation potential during culture is usually a prerequisite of any successful gene transfer approach. (eyesoftheelephants.com)

We also identified CTCF and the cohesin complex proteins, known regulators of chromatin architecture and transcription, among the most potent negative regulators of PD-L1 cell surface expression. (dana-farber.org)
Rohrschneider focused initially on cell-surface proteins in cells infected with avian oncorna viruses, identifying the envelope and group-specific antigens (gag proteins). (fredhutch.org)

Short telomere syndromes are the most prevalent premature aging disorders, with prominent phenotypes affecting the lung and hematopoietic system. (cdc.gov)

Neoplastic proliferations of white blood cells also cause leukocytosis. (medscape.com)

Forward and reverse genetics through derivation of haploid mouse embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Dr. Asha S. Multani, Associate Professor in the Department of Genetics, and the Co-Director of the MD Anderson Cytogenetics and Cell Authentication Core. (mdanderson.org)

A culture platform to study quiescent hematopoietic stem cells following genome editing. (u-tokyo-hemat.com)
Numerous factors localize at telomeres to regulate their length, structure and function, to avert replicative senescence or genome instability and cell death. (cdc.gov)

In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. (nature.com)

Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) was the dominant alternatively spliced isoform in MDS and AML and is characterized by a longer isoform that retains exon 4, which encodes IRAK4-long (IRAK4-L), a protein that assembles with the myddosome, results in maximal activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of B cells (NF-κB) and is essential for leukaemic cell function. (cancer-genetics.org)
Inhibition of IRAK4-L abrogates leukaemic growth, particularly in AML cells with higher expression of the IRAK4-L isoform. (cancer-genetics.org)

Generation of genetically modified mice by oocyte injection of androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
The success in these studies was related in part to the selective growth of genetically altered/corrected progenitors. (eyesoftheelephants.com)

Despite recent advances in the therapy of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), many patients are still not cured. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, this 5-hmc defect was more pronounced in tumor T cells from acute patients than from chronic ones and correlated with reduced expression of TET2 protein. (oncotarget.com)
Specifically, we will briefly summarize and discuss our most recent insights into these issues based on observations in patients, mouse- and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-models. (molcells.org)
[3] Today, patients take insulin shots and pharmaceuticals to control their diabetes, and adult stem cell transplants have shown success at ameliorating the condition. (lozierinstitute.org)
Pagliuca et al 1 show that patients with AA have a reduced structural divergence of homologous HLA alleles, possibly contributing to reduced T-cell receptor repertoire diversity, cross-reactivity, and emergence of auto-reactive T-cell clones. (ashpublications.org)
3 In particular, autoreactive T-cell clones have been identified as the key pathogenic effector in patients with AA. (ashpublications.org)
Patients with massive splenomegaly are particularly prone to thrombotic events because the associated increase in plasma volume masks the true extent of the red cell mass elevation measured by the hematocrit or hemoglobin level. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The use of salicylates as a tonic against thrombosis in PV patients is not only potentially harmful if the red cell mass is not controlled by phlebotomy, but is also an unproven remedy. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Later, survival prolongation was achieved through recombinant interferon-alpha alone or in combination with cytarabine and, in some patients, allogeneic stem cell transplants. (touchoncology.com)

Naive stem hematopoietic, vascular-associated progenitor and also mature murine mast cells express the marker in high levels ( Curr Mol Med 3(7) (2003)">11 - J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 18(2) (2014)">13 ). (cancerdiagnosisprognosis.org)

Around this time, Dr. Chuck Sherr at St. Jude's and Dr. Richard Stanley at Albert Einstein identified the normal cellular Fms protein as the cell surface receptor for a growth factor known as the macrophage colony-stimulating factor or M-CSF. (fredhutch.org)
CD135, also known as FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3, FLT3, STK-1, and Flk-2, is a growth factor receptor that binds the FLT3 ligand to promote the growth and differentiation of primitive hematopoietic cells. (biolegend.com)
CD47 is a high affinity receptor for thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a secreted glycoprotein that plays a role in vascular development and angiogenesis, and in this later capacity the TSP1-CD47 interaction inhibits nitric oxide signaling at multiple levels in vascular cells. (wikidoc.org)
This is associated with a smaller size than predicted of the immunopeptidomic spectrum, thus accounting for decreased T-cell receptor (TCR) diversity. (ashpublications.org)

Mast cell activation syndrome is increased and inappropriate activation of mast cells without clonal. (msdmanuals.com)
Among these, Siglec-8 is a CD33-related family member selectively expressed on human mast cells and eosinophils, and at low levels on basophils. (mdpi.com)
Since its discovery in 2000, initial in vitro studies have found that the engagement of Siglec-8 with a monoclonal antibody or with selective polyvalent sialoglycan ligands induced the cell death of eosinophils and inhibited mast cell degranulation. (mdpi.com)
Anti-Siglec-8 antibody administration in vivo to humanized and transgenic mice selectively expressing Siglec-8 on mouse eosinophils and mast cells confirmed the in vitro findings, and identified additional anti-inflammatory effects. (mdpi.com)
Peptic ulcer disease can also be due to Helicobacter pylori infection, the incidence of which is increased in PV, while the pruritus associated with this disorder may be a consequence of mast cell activation by JAK2 V617F. (basicmedicalkey.com)

The regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation in human stem cells. (nature.com)
The construction of this cell line is the first promising step in the regulation of GAL secretion from hTERT-immortalized BMSCs, and the potential application of this system may provide a stem cell-based research platform for pain. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy23

Organisms3

Chemicals and Drugs7

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Phenomena and Processes10

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science2

Bone marrow28

Hematopoiesis7

Myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem2

Differentiation of hematopoietic stem2

Transplantation3

Quiescent hematopoietic stem2

HSCs5

Aberrant4

Lymphocytes3

Neoplasms2

Tissues8

Cytopenia1

Mutations11

Mesenchymal stem2

Fibroblasts3

Pathways5

Apoptosis14

CD3410

Pluripotent stem4

Leukemia14

Peripheral5

Abnormal1

Tumor cells5

Multipotent2

Genetic6

Lymphoid2

Inhibitory2

Precursors1

Dysplastic2

Transformation5

20181

Epithelial cells1

Therapeutic4

Malignancies3

Biology4

Embryonic stem1

Lineage1

Neuronal1

Precursor2

Proliferation and differentiation1

20211

Tumors8

Mechanisms2

Neoplasm2

Fetal2

Benign1

Leukaemia1

Cytokines4

Lymph1

Genes6

Cancers1

Gene1

Proteins2

Disorders1

Proliferations1

Genetics2

Genome2

Cellular senescence1

Leukaemic2

Genetically2

Patients9

Naive1

Receptor4

Mast5

Regulation2