Hematopoietic cells stem cell lineages. Medical search. Frequent questions

Finally, we show for the first time that Pf4 transcripts are present in adult HSCs and primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells. (nih.gov)
Many human blood cells, such as red blood cells (RBCs), immune cells, and even platelets all originate from the same progenitor cell, the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC). (wikipedia.org)
Hematopoiesis involves a series of differentiation steps from one progenitor cell to a more committed cell type, forming the recognizable tree seen in the adjacent diagram. (wikipedia.org)
The CMP can then further differentiate into the megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (MEP), which goes on to make RBCs and platelets, or the granulocyte/macrophage progenitor (GMP), which gives rise to the granulocytes of the innate immune response. (wikipedia.org)
The hemangioblast theory, which posits that the RBCs and ECs derive from a common progenitor cell, was developed as researchers observed that receptor knockout mice, such as Flk1-/-, exhibited defective RBC formation and vessel growth. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic abnormalities associated with MDS block differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (medscape.com)
Notch activation in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) by treatment with Delta1 ligand has enabled clinically relevant ex vivo expansion of short-term HSPCs. (confex.com)
We observed enhanced progenitor cell activity within the CD34+ cell population treated with Delta1 in hypoxia, but the benefits provided by low-oxygen cultures were most notable in the primitive HSC compartment. (confex.com)
Most clusters could be computationally assigned to a defined hematopoietic subpopulation, including progenitor cells (clusters 0 to 4) and a single transcriptionally defined HSC population (cluster 5). (confex.com)
Heterogeneity within hematopoietic progenitor populations has considerably limited characterization and molecular understanding of lineage commitment in both health and disease. (europa.eu)
Early hematopoiesis is a continuous process in which hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) gradually differentiate toward specific lineages. (cun.es)
In this study, we used single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to characterize an enriched population of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) obtained from young and elderly healthy individuals. (cun.es)
It is arise from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow. (medgadget.com)
In this study, we observed that the expression of pseudouridine (Ψ) synthase 10 is increased in aged hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and enforced protein of Ψ synthase 10 (PUS10) recapitulates the phenotype of aged HSC, which is not achieved by its Ψ synthase activity. (haematologica.org)
Researchers identify the origin of endothelial cells that constitute the vascular niche for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in zebrafish. (go.jp)
Endothelial cells (ECs) line blood vessels and can serve as specialized vascular niches for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), a special environment where HSPCs reside and self-renew. (go.jp)
In textbook theory, HSCs branch early on into two progenitor cell types, one of which, known as the common lymphoid progenitor (CLP), later differentiates into T and B cells. (riken.jp)
In a model put forth nearly ten years ago, the researchers proposed a radically different picture in which progenitor cells retain the potential to generate myeloid cells across all branches of development. (riken.jp)
Neurons that arise in the adult nervous system originate from neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells. (elifesciences.org)
Neural stem cells can also give rise to neural progenitor cells, which proliferate rapidly during their short lives and then 'differentiate' into neurons or glia. (elifesciences.org)
Consequently, neural stem and progenitor cells have usually been studied retrospectively, based on their ability to form colonies in laboratory cell cultures. (elifesciences.org)
A region of the brain called the subventricular zone contains both neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and is one of only two regions of the brain where neural stem cells are found in adult mammals. (elifesciences.org)
To test for such negative regulatory events, we searched for PU.1-controlled microRNAs (miRs) by expression profiling using a PU.1-inducible myeloid progenitor cell line model. (zfin.org)
B-cells arise from a lymphoid progenitor, while macrophages come from a myeloid progenitor. (innovations-report.com)
Also making up a part of the hematopoietic system are short-term repopulating progenitor cells, which give rise to lineage-specific cell types. (stemcell.com)
Collectively, these are referred to as hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). (stemcell.com)
The colony-forming unit (CFU) assay is a clonal, in vitro culture assay that measures the growth and frequency of functionally viable HSPCs by assessing the proliferation and differentiation of individual progenitor cells, resulting in the formation of discrete colonies in a semi-solid methylcellulose medium (such as MethoCult™ ) when supplemented with appropriate cytokines. (stemcell.com)
Colonies derived from different types of progenitor cells are classified and counted based on morphological and phenotypic criteria. (stemcell.com)
CD34 is the most commonly used cell surface marker to identify human HSPCs as it is expressed on HSCs, in addition to both multipotent and more differentiated progenitor cells of individual blood cell lineages. (stemcell.com)
Melinda is highly proficient in the use of in vitro and in vivo assays for normal and malignant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, determination of self-renewal, expansion and lineage specific differentiation capabilities, and the use of induced pluripotent stem cells for the investigation of hematopoietic disorders and leukemic progression and the testing of targeted therapeutics. (edu.au)

For pediatric patients with refractory cytopenia, certain cytogenetic abnormalities, or malignant transformation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from a matched related or unrelated donor early in the course of the disease is the treatment of choice. (medscape.com)
However, sustained engraftment of the expanded cells was not observed after transplantation, suggesting ineffective expansion of hematopoietic stem cells with long-term repopulating activity (LTR-HSCs). (confex.com)
At optimal coating densities of Delta1, the frequency of LTR-HSCs measured by limiting dilution analysis 16 weeks after transplantation into NSG mice was 4.9- and 4.2-fold higher in hypoxic cultures (1 in 1,586 CD34+ cells) compared with uncultured cells (1 in 7,706) and the normoxia group (1 in 5,090), respectively. (confex.com)
Conversely, we observed no difference in expression of the homing CXCR4 receptor between cells cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, indicating that hypoxia increased the absolute numbers of LTR-HSCs but not their homing potential after transplantation. (confex.com)
I have expertise in novel therapies for acute myeloid leukemia, stem cell mobilization and homing, as well as stem cell transplantation. (rochester.edu)
The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)
HSCs specifically are defined by their ability for self-renewal and to reconstitute the entire hematopoietic system following transplantation. (stemcell.com)
It is used both by hematopoietic researchers and clinical labs to assess the potency of transplantation units of cord blood (CB) and hematopoietic cellular therapy products. (stemcell.com)
Other uses of the CFU assay include studying the effects of stimulatory and inhibitory growth factors, screening novel compounds to predict potential toxicity to the hematopoietic system, and testing the effects of various in vitro manipulations (e.g. cell processing, cryopreservation, gene transduction, and transmission) on cellular products used in hematopoietic cell transplantation. (stemcell.com)
Posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is associated with a low incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) following hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation. (jci.org)
The specific medications administered depend on the choice of therapy and whether it is supportive care only, immunosuppressive therapy, or hematopoietic cell transplantation. (medscape.com)

Designed to visualize the expression of LAMP1 by fluorescence microscopy for staining cells and tissues. (rndsystems.com)
Human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs) are multipotent somatic stem cells that can be isolated from a variety of tissues such as the bone marrow, adipose tissue, and dental pulp. (frontiersin.org)
CRL's CD34 + humanized NCG model, HuCD34-NCG, injected with umbilical cord blood-derived CD34 + cells shows robust engraftment of major human immune cells and demonstrates infiltration of T cells into tissues and xenograft tumors. (genengnews.com)
However, MSCs need to be expanded in vitro in order to obtain sufficient cells for clinical trials since they are extremely rare in various tissues. (hindawi.com)
It also describes the role of stem cells in the formation of tissues, in particular the hematopoietic lineage. (epfl.ch)
In hematopoietic tissues, a group of ECs are highly specialized and constitute the vascular HSPC niche to support HSPC maturation, expansion, and differentiation. (go.jp)
However, little is known about EC heterogeneity in hematopoietic tissues. (go.jp)
Unlike some other tissues, it has not been possible to identify or purify neural stem cells directly from the tissue. (elifesciences.org)
In this study, we compared hematopoietic differentiation capacity of 35 human iPSC lines derived from four different tissues and four embryonic stem cell lines. (nih.gov)
Due to the ability to self-renew and to differentiate into cells that are found throughout the body, there is a great interest in using stem cells for the regeneration of injured tissues as well as to develop tissue-engineered implants and bio-hybrid organs, in order to restore tissue function. (bvsalud.org)
In human postnatal dental tissues, five main sources of DSCs have been identified: dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), 11 stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), 12 periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), 13 dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) 14 and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs). (bvsalud.org)

And, malignancy in the myeloid lineage that includes precursor cells to red blood cells, platelets and white blood cells such as granulocytes. (medgadget.com)
Aged hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) exhibit compromised reconstitution capacity and differentiation-bias towards myeloid lineage, however, the molecular mechanism behind it remains not fully understood. (haematologica.org)

However, in the present study we have employed a sensitive reporter-based approach to demonstrate that Pf4-Cre also recombines in a significant proportion of both fetal liver and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), including the most primitive fraction containing the long-term repopulating HSCs. (nih.gov)
Feed-forward motifs with autoregulation generate forward momentum and also control its rate, which is at its lowest in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). (ox.ac.uk)
Combinations of MIMs, exemplified by the SCL/LMO2 complexes, which have variable content and binding sites, explain how individual regulators can have different targets in HSCs and erythroid cells and possibly also how HSCs maintain stem cell functions while expressing lineage-affiliated genes at low level, so-called multi-lineage priming. (ox.ac.uk)
Dexter observed that mesenchymal stromal cells could maintain early HSCs ex vivo, and both Lord and Gong showed that these cells localized to the endosteal margins in long bones. (wikipedia.org)
Long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) maintain hematopoietic output throughout an animal's lifespan. (biorxiv.org)
Here, we show that young and aged LT-HSCs respond differently to inflammatory stress, such that aged LT-HSCs produce a cell-intrinsic, myeloid-biased expression program. (biorxiv.org)
Using single-cell RNA-seq, we identify a myeloid-biased subset within the LT-HSC population (mLT-HSCs) that is much more common amongst aged LT-HSCs and is uniquely primed to respond to acute inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
Aged LT-HSCs demonstrate a cell-intrinsic myeloid bias during inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge from hemogenic endothelial (HE) cells, through endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). (lu.se)
However, metabolic processes underlying the emergence of HSCs from HE cells remain unclear. (lu.se)
To corroborate these findings molecularly, we performed transcriptomic analyses and found significant upregulation of a distinct HSC gene expression signature in cells cultured with Delta1 in hypoxia (Fig. A). Collectively, these data show that hypoxia supports a superior ex vivo expansion of human HSCs with LTR activity compared with normoxia at optimized densities of Delta1. (confex.com)
To clarify how hypoxia improved Notch-mediated expansion of LTR-HSCs, we performed scRNA-seq of CD34+ cells treated with Delta1 under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. (confex.com)
These severely immunodeficient animals are required to support human cell engraftment to generate multiple differentiated lineages from human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). (genengnews.com)
In experiments with mouse HSCs cultured on immobilized delta-like 4 proteins, the researchers found that progenitors developing toward T cells were arrested in the absence of so-called feeder cells, which support survival and growth. (riken.jp)
HSCs make up a very small population of the hematopoietic system, however, these cells are invaluable as they have the potential to give rise to all mature blood and immune cell types and sustain life-long blood production. (stemcell.com)

There are 2 types of hematopoiesis that occur in humans: Primitive hematopoiesis - blood stem cells differentiate into only a few specialized blood lineages (typically isolated to early fetal development). (wikipedia.org)
The pioneering work of Till and McCulloch in 1961 experimentally confirmed the development of blood cells from a single precursor hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), creating the framework for the field of hematopoiesis to be studied over the following decades. (wikipedia.org)
Fig. 3: Dissection of native human hematopoiesis with multimodal cell state inference and mtDNA-based lineage tracing. (nature.com)
During embryonic development, hematopoiesis occurs through primitive and definitive waves, giving rise to distinct blood lineages. (lu.se)
Hematopoiesis is an important model for stem cell differentiation with great medical significance. (europa.eu)
Here, we propose to uncover the hierarchy and regulatory mechanisms controlling hematopoiesis by combining comprehensive single-cell RNA-Seq analyses, modelling approaches, advanced functional assays, single-cell CRISPR screens, knockout models and epigenetic profiling. (europa.eu)
We will pursue the following aims: (i) Generate a refined model of hematopoiesis by comprehensive single-cell RNA-Seq profiling of hematopoietic progenitors, (ii) validate the predicted model by in vivo functional developmental assays and then (iii) test candidate transcription and chromatin factors uncovered by our model for their role in controlling progression towards various lineages using single-cell measurements combined with CRISPR screens. (europa.eu)
Together, our study is expected to generate a revised and high-resolution hematopoietic model and decipher the regulatory networks that control hematopoiesis. (europa.eu)
Trajectory inference revealed that altered gene expression dynamics accompanied cell differentiation, which could explain age-associated changes in hematopoiesis. (cun.es)
In summary, we demonstrate that the combination of single cell technologies with computational analysis tools enable the study of a variety of cellular mechanisms involved in complex biological systems such as early hematopoiesis and can be used to dissect perturbed differentiation trajectories associated with perturbations such as aging and malignant transformation. (cun.es)
During regular hematopoiesis, multipotent progenitors (myeloid-T-B progenitors) first lose the potential to generate B cells. (riken.jp)
Temporal multimodal single-cell profiling of native hematopoiesis illuminates altered differentiation trajectories with age. (lu.se)

A QC screening flow cytometry panel and a more extensive T cell and myeloid panel identify the presence of human cell populations and evaluate the model's functionality. (genengnews.com)
Flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood at 12 and 16 weeks post injection verified engraftment of human cell subpopulations. (genengnews.com)
Here we define a 4-color flow cytometry panel using CD133, LeX, CD140a, NG2 to define a neural stem cell (NSC) as well as 4 classes of multipotential progenitors and 3 classes of bipotential progenitors, several of which have not been described previously. (karger.com)
We prospectively identified, and isolated by flow cytometry, adult mouse lateral ventricle subventricular zone (SVZ) NICs as Glast mid EGFR high PlexinB2 high CD24 −/low O4/PSA-NCAM −/low Ter119/CD45 − (GEPCOT) cells. (elifesciences.org)
have used a technique called flow cytometry to identify and isolate neural stem cells and neurosphere-forming cells directly from the subventricular zone. (elifesciences.org)
Finally, we provide protocols for analyzing these cells through flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. (lu.se)

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) is a pleiotropic cytokine best known for its specific effects on the proliferation, differentiation, and activation of hematopoietic cells of the neutrophilic granulocyte lineage. (rndsystems.com)
In addition, their osteogenic differentiation potential was increased, and genes involved in cell adhesion, FGF-2 signalling, cell cycle, stemness, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation were upregulated, compared to that of the MSCs cultured on uncoated plates. (hindawi.com)
Of the different cells isolated from the submandibular gland, this specific population, Lin - CD24 + c-Kit + Sca1 + , possessed the highest capacity for proliferation, self renewal, and differentiation during serial passage in vitro. (jci.org)
Ly6C high MC presented downregulated co-stimulatory receptors (CD2, GITR, and TIM1) which direct immune cell proliferation, and upregulated co-stimulatory ligands (LIGHT and SEMA4A) which trigger antigen priming and differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
Altogether our FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorter) analyses reveal that the neonatal subventricular zone is far more heterogeneous than previously suspected and our studies provide new insights into the signals and mechanisms that regulate their self-renewal and proliferation. (karger.com)
Scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering as a substrate that can mimic the native extracellular matrix and the properties of scaffolds have been shown to affect the cell behavior such as the cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. (wjgnet.com)

It s possible that by targeting this gene with drugs, we may be able to convert malignant B-cell lymphomas into much less harmful histiocytomas, tumors composed of relatively inactive macrophages. (innovations-report.com)
The FDA's 2009 "Guidance on Prophylactic DNA Vaccines: Analysis and Recommendations" states that concerns about plasmid DNA potentially integrating into the genome of the vaccine recipient and increasing the likelihood of issues like "malignant transformation, genomic instability, or cell growth dysregulation" were raised when DNA vaccines were initially introduced for clinical use. (zerohedge.com)

This event requires a special environment, termed the hematopoietic stem cell niche, which provides the protection and signals necessary to carry out the differentiation of cells from HSC progenitors. (wikipedia.org)
Recently we have developed an experimental and analytical method, termed massively parallel single-cell RNA-Seq (MARS-Seq), for unbiased classification of individual cells from their native context and successfully applied it for characterization of immune and hematopoietic progenitors. (europa.eu)
Exciting preliminary result show that indeed our approach is starting to uncover the complexity of hematopoietic progenitors and the regulatory circuits driving hematopoietic decisions. (europa.eu)
They found that islet1 -expressing cells are the progenitors of the venous ECs that constitute the majority of the HSPC niche (Figure 1A). (go.jp)
The team visualized endothelial differentiation step-by-step from the endoderm to the HSPC niche-constituting ECs via islet1+ endothelial progenitors by live imaging-based lineage tracing. (go.jp)
It is essential to have sensitive and reproducible methods of either quantifying or isolating these stem cells and progenitors to understand their intrinsic properties and how extrinsic signals regulate their development. (karger.com)
However, stem cells are difficult to distinguish from multipotential progenitors, which may look and act like them. (karger.com)
A research team in Japan has linked a developmental checkpoint in the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors into specific T cell lineages to the activity of a single gene encoding a transcription factor. (riken.jp)
While varying widely in function, all blood cells share a common origin in progenitors known as hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). (riken.jp)
In the current research, the researchers sought to substantiate this theory by pinpointing the moment at which T cell progenitors lose the potential to develop into myeloid cells, a key step in determining cell fate. (riken.jp)
Placing the final piece in the puzzle, the researchers discovered that T cell progenitors in the thymus from mice deficient in the gene Bcl11b exhibited the same halted development and self-renewal cycle, while further experiments connected up-regulation of the transcription factor encoded by this gene to IL-7 levels. (riken.jp)
Subsequently, myeloid potential is terminated and the progenitors become committed to the T cell lineage. (riken.jp)

MIMs combined with cross-antagonism describe the relationship between PU.1 and GATA-1 and between two of their target genes, Fli-1 and EKLF, with victory for GATA-1 and EKLF leading to erythroid lineage specification. (ox.ac.uk)
Second, altering the MSC state by inducing differentiation into multiple lineages did not affect the exosomal properties or endocytosis but triggered the expression of lineage-specific genes and proteins in vitro and in vivo respectively. (frontiersin.org)
Using previous findings in healthy cells as a reference, we analyzed scRNA-seq data obtained from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and detected specific alterations of the expression dynamics of genes involved in erythroid differentiation in all patients with MDS such as TRIB2. (cun.es)
In this study, single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses show that islet1 + -derived ECs express a set of genes that reflects their unique origin even as they become heterogeneous. (go.jp)
During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
While PU.1-dependent induction of myeloid-specific target genes has been intensively studied, negative regulation of stem cell or alternate lineage programs remains incompletely characterized. (zfin.org)

HSPCs are multipotent cells that can self-renew and differentiate to give rise to all blood cell lineages. (go.jp)
When these islet1 -lineage ECs were specifically ablated, most of the HSPCs were lost from the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), a transient vascular niche for HSPCs in zebrafish (Figure 1B). (go.jp)
islet1 + -derived ECs (green) are mainly located in the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), a transient vascular niche for HSPCs. (go.jp)
CD34 is a transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein that was first identified on HSPCs, but its expression is also present on other cell types, such as vascular tissue. (stemcell.com)
Additional markers can be used to distinguish HSPC subsets within the CD34+ population and isolate HSPCs with different engraftment abilities and capacities to expand or generate mature blood cells in culture. (stemcell.com)

LAMP1/CD107a was detected in formaldehyde fixed HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line using Sheep Anti-Human LAMP1/CD107a Alexa Fluor® 488‑conjugated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # IC7985G) at 1:10 dilution for 3 hours at room temperature and counterstained with DAPI (blue). (rndsystems.com)
In pilot studies, CRL evaluated the antitumor effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) on colon epithelial carcinoma (RKO) and basal lung cell adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines in the HuCD34-NCG model and showed significant immunomodulatory antitumor response. (genengnews.com)
DAPI negative, single living cells were first separated with epithelial marker CD24 and hematopoietic and endothelial lineage marker CD45/31. (jci.org)

A year later, Choi showed that blast cells derived from embryonic stem (ES) cells displayed common gene expression of both hematopoietic and endothelial precursors. (wikipedia.org)
G-CSF R is expressed in mature neutrophils, neutrophilic precursors, myeloid leukemia cells, and placenta. (rndsystems.com)
The analysis revealed that hematopoietic commitment capacity (PSCs to hematopoietic precursors) is correlated with the expression level of the IGF2 gene independent of the iPSC origins. (nih.gov)
Aplastic anemia is a disorder of the hematopoietic stem cell that results in a loss of blood cell precursors, hypoplasia or aplasia of bone marrow, and cytopenias in two or more cell lines (red blood cells, white blood cells, and/or platelets). (msdmanuals.com)
Чиста еритроцитарна аплазія Acquired pure red blood cell aplasia is a disorder of erythroid precursors that results in an isolated normocytic anemia. (msdmanuals.com)

As the embryo requires rapid oxygenation due to its high mitotic activity, these islands are the main source of red blood cell (RBC) production via fusing endothelial cells (ECs) with the developing embryonic circulation. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells (MSCs) have a limited lifespan and stop proliferating during in vitro culture due to replicative senescence [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
Bisulfite converted genomic DNA lysates from induced pluripotent stem cell and embryonic stem cell lines were hybridized to Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. (nih.gov)
1,2 Regarding the origin, they can be classified as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult stem cells (ASCs). (bvsalud.org)
3,4 The zygote and cells derived from the first two cellular divisions constitute the most primitive cells (totipotent cells) that are capable of forming the embryo and the embryonic annexes (e.g. placenta, amniotic membranes etc). (bvsalud.org)
We provide detailed protocols for lentiviral transduction, neural differentiation, and subsequent analysis of human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)
Given this, human pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripo- tent stem cells (hiPSCs), have become a unique cell source for study- ing early human brain development. (lu.se)

In 1978, after observing that the prototypical colony-forming stem cells were less capable at replacing differentiated cells than bone marrow cells injected into irradiated animals, Schofield proposed that a specialized environment in the bone marrow allows these precursor cells to maintain their cellular reconstitution potential. (wikipedia.org)
These studies and others supported the idea that bone cells create the HSC niche, and all the research that elucidated this specialized hematopoietic microenvironment stemmed from these landmark studies. (wikipedia.org)
This event explains the presence of multiple derangements observed in the bone marrow that involve several cell lineages. (medscape.com)
As the affected cell lines continue to divide and to provide the marrow with dysplastic cells, bone marrow dysfunction becomes apparent. (medscape.com)
Levels of total CD3 + T cells and CD4 + and CD8 + subsets in addition to other cell populations, such as CD19 + and CD16/56 + , were evaluated as well as cells from spleen, liver, bone marrow, lung, and lysed whole blood. (genengnews.com)
One of the most promising neuroprotective strategies involves the use of bone marrow derived stem cells. (nih.gov)
Preliminary results from our laboratory indicate that intravenous or intracerebral/intraventricular injection of bone marrow derived stromal cells could differentiate in neuronal/glial cells and suppress the clinical signs of chronic EAE. (nih.gov)
Both bone marrow and neuronal stem cells may therefore have a therapeutic potential in MS. It seems that future treatment strategies for MS should combine immunomodulation with neuroprotective modalities to achieve maximal clinical benefit. (nih.gov)
Monocytes (MC) are bone marrow (BM) derived mononuclear phagocytes that play an important role in innate immune response and are the major immune cell population in chronic tissue inflammatory ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
most of the neutrophils in the body are contained in the bone marrow, either as mitotically active (one third) or postmitotic mature cells (two thirds). (medscape.com)
NOD-SCID-Gamma (NSG) mice) and measuring the presence of human blood cells in the blood or bone marrow (BM) after extended periods of engraftment, e.g., 20 weeks or longer. (stemcell.com)
We first demonstrated that the immune homeostatic abnormality leading to cGVHD is characterized by an initial increase in effector T cells in the bone marrow and subsequent B and Treg cytopenia. (jci.org)
PTCy, but not cyclosporine A or rapamycin, inhibits the initial alloreactive T cell response, which restores intra-bone marrow B lymphogenesis with a concomitant vigorous increase in Tregs. (jci.org)
These cells have been studied for the treatment of periodontitis, bone repair, regeneration of the pulp after necrosis as well as the development of new teeth. (bvsalud.org)
Low-power view of hematoxylin-eosin-stained bone marrow showing hypocellularity, with increased adipose tissue and decreased hematopoietic cells in the marrow space. (medscape.com)
The clinical presentation of patients with aplastic anemia includes signs and symptoms related to the decrease in bone marrow production of hematopoietic cells. (medscape.com)
The term aplastic anemia commonly implies a panhypoplasia of the bone marrow with cytopenias in at least two hematopoietic lineages. (msdmanuals.com)

The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)

Physiologic aging in both humans and mice leads to permanent changes in LT-HSC function, such as myeloid-biased hematopoietic output ( Akunuru and Geiger, 2016 ). (biorxiv.org)
these mice carry the SIRP-alpha gene similar to humans that allows the engraftment of donor cells. (genengnews.com)
Humanized NCG mice have severely impaired murine T and B cells or innate immunity provided by macrophages and NK cells. (genengnews.com)
Serial transplantations of this stem cell population into the submandibular gland of irradiated mice successfully restored saliva secretion and increased the number of functional acini. (jci.org)
Ly6C high MC exhibited activated neutrophil degranulation, lysosome, cytokine production/receptor interaction and myeloid cell activation pathways, and Ly6C low MC presented features of lymphocyte immunity pathways in both mice. (frontiersin.org)
No significant alteration of hematopoietic homeostasis and HSC function is observed in young Pus10-/- mice, while aged Pus10-/- mice exhibit mild alteration of hematopoietic homeostasis and HSC function. (haematologica.org)
We suspect that this phenomenon is not limited to B-cells and macrophages in mice. (innovations-report.com)
To identify the cells responsible for PTCy-induced B cell tolerance, we selectively depleted Treg populations that were graft or HSC derived using DEREG mice. (jci.org)
In this model, 6 to 8 week old NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) immunocompromised mice receive the thy/liv implant as in the SCID-hu mouse model only to be followed by a second human hematopoietic stem cell transplant (4). (ca.gov)

They robustly support the engraftment of human cells, and develop functional human immune, systems making them ideal for studying immune-related therapies in a vast array of applications. (genengnews.com)
The many distinct sorts of mature blood cells, like red blood cells for carrying oxygen, white blood cells for immune protection and platelets for wound clotting. (medgadget.com)
Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodelling without influencing infarct size. (elifesciences.org)
Using state-of-the-art fate-mapping models and genetic and pharmacological targeting approaches, the authors provide solid evidence that the absence of resident macrophages do not influence infarct size but instead alter the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury. (elifesciences.org)
It's funny that mesenchymal cells or MSCs are often talked about the most in terms of having immune evading potential, but MSC products often are partially differentiated and extremely heterogeneous. (ipscell.com)
These findings define the mechanisms by which PTCy restores homeostasis of the B cell lineage and reestablishes immune tolerance. (jci.org)
One of the main limitations of both of these models was the lack of stable reconstitution of human immune cells in the periphery to make them a more physiologically relevant model to study HIV disease. (ca.gov)
The precise mechanism remains unclear, but in the majority of acquired cases, the mechanism involves an immune attack on the hematopoietic stem cell. (msdmanuals.com)

Aberration occurs in a stem cell that can give rise to multiple lineages. (medscape.com)

In Italy in 2016, acute flaccid myelitis developed in a woman who had received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. (cdc.gov)

One sentence summary Murine hematopoietic stem cells display transcriptional heterogeneity that is quantitatively altered with age and leads to the age-dependent myeloid bias evident after inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
Therefore, our findings are keys to understanding how a lineage-dependent cue regulates EC heterogeneity in future studies. (go.jp)

We here investigated macrophage lineages and ablated tissue macrophages in homeostasis and after I/R injury in a CSF1R-dependent manner. (elifesciences.org)
This leads to profound changes in posttransplant B cell homeostasis, including decreased B cell activating factors, increased transitional and regulatory B cells, and decreased germinal center B cells. (jci.org)
Although often thought of as a static support structure, the skeletal system is a dynamic organ with many functions, including giving us our human shape, allowing locomotion and motor function, facilitating respiration, protecting vital organs, producing marrow-derived cells, and playing a crucial role in homeostasis. (medscape.com)
External insults (eg, infections, radiation, drugs) may disrupt stem cell homeostasis in marrow environment, leading to altered growth. (medscape.com)

The team published their findings in the journal Developmental Cell . (go.jp)
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine have found a new wrinkle in the developmental biology dogma that cell differentiation occurs irreversibly as stem cells give rise to increasingly specialized types of offspring cells. (innovations-report.com)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. (frontiersin.org)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess great therapeutic potential. (hindawi.com)
The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into multiple cell lineages can be exploited as an attractive strategy for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are ASCs, and were first described in 1966 by Friedenstein et al. (bvsalud.org)

Human adult mobilized CD34+ cells were cultured for 21 days under normoxia (21% O 2 ) or hypoxia (2% O 2 ) in vessels coated with optimized concentrations of Delta1. (confex.com)
Here, we identified and characterized a stem cell population from adult murine submandibular glands. (jci.org)
We report a fatal case of EV-D68 infection and AFM in an adult recipient of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). (cdc.gov)
Together with other published results, these observations blur the concept of fixed cell types and provide new insights concerning potential uses for adult stem cells. (innovations-report.com)

Overall, the results presented in this study show a common mechanism of endocytosis for MSC EVs across different cell types and the feasibility to generate functionally enhanced EVs by modifications to parental MSCs. (frontiersin.org)
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) generate all of the blood cells throughout their life-span. (haematologica.org)
Thomas-Tikhonenko and colleagues found that when the cells are returned to the animal, they generate spherical B-cell lymphomas, indicating that they have changed their identity yet again. (innovations-report.com)
Some of these mutations, such as (mixed-lineage leukemia) MLL fusions, are highly aggressive and can generate leukemia very quickly. (lu.se)

Viable human CD45 + cells were detected in all samples. (genengnews.com)

In chronic inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), neuroprotection refers to strategies aimed at prevention of the irreversible damage of various neuronal and glial cell populations, and promoting regeneration. (nih.gov)
and stem cell regeneration. (lu.se)

Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)
Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)
However, current protocols for deriving neurons from human pluripotent stem cells give rise to heterogeneous cell populations both in regard to the temporal aspects and the cellular composition. (lu.se)
To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)

Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
The variation among induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in their differentiation capacity to specific lineages is frequently attributed to somatic memory. (nih.gov)
Bat pluripotent stem cells provide insights into their unique relationship with viruses. (ipscell.com)
Bat pluripotent stem cells reveal unusual entanglement between host and viruses , Cell . (ipscell.com)
3 Embrionic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst and form all cell types, derived from the three germ layers, and are therefore pluripotent. (bvsalud.org)
Similarly, destruction of neonatally abundant pluripotent stem cells would likely have a more pervasive outcome than destruction of The value of incorporating immunologic appeared more severe and/or persistent when single lineages or differentiated cells that pre- data for the toxicologic assessment of drugs, the exposure occurred perinatally when com- dominate in adults. (cdc.gov)
This strategy provides a useful tool for visualization and identification of neural progeny derived from human pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)
These strat- egies provide a robust way to visualize and isolate specific cell pop- ulations of differentiated pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)

Fig. 6: Multiplexed CRISPR perturbations with ASAP-seq in primary human T cells. (nature.com)
LAMP1/CD107a in HeLa Human Cell Line. (rndsystems.com)
Here, we show that the emergence of blood is regulated by multiple metabolic pathways that induce or modulate the differentiation toward specific hematopoietic lineages during human EHT. (lu.se)
Our methods and models may provide a platform for future medical advancements including a large-scale European collaborative project to discover a comprehensive human hematopoietic tree. (europa.eu)
Human T cell infiltration was observed in both carcinomas with the majority of live T cells responsive post infiltration. (genengnews.com)
Human MC were initially divided into three subsets based on the cell surface expression of CD14 and CD16, and recently classified based on CD40 expression ( 2 - 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
We have generated a modified version of this model in which we use genetically modified human hematopoietic stem cells (hHSC) to construct the thy/liv implant followed by injection of transduced autologous hHSC (7, 9). (ca.gov)
8,9 Because dental stem cells (DSCs) are easy to obtain and present a great potential of differentiation, there has been a growing interest in their use in regenerative medicine for treatment of various human diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Although possible, these strategies are often complicated to transfer to human cells due to technical issues (9 ), and only a few successful cases have been described ( 10, 11 ). (lu.se)
Here we describe how this system can be used for human embry- onic stem cells. (lu.se)

These conditions include growing the cells to high or low density, changing media, introducing or removing cytokines, hormones and growth factors, creating an environment which suits differentiation toward a specific cell type, such as providing a suitable substrate. (justia.com)

Although MSC EVs show great promise for regenerative medicine applications, insights into their uptake mechanisms by different target cells and the ability to control MSC EV properties for defined function in vivo have remained elusive knowledge gaps. (frontiersin.org)
In both in vitro and in vivo settings, steering pyruvate use toward glycolysis or OXPHOS differentially skews the hematopoietic output of HE cells toward either an erythroid fate with primitive phenotype, or a definitive lymphoid fate, respectively. (lu.se)
Pre-GEPCOT cells could not form neurospheres but expressed the stem cell markers Slc1a3-CreER T , GFAP-CreER T2 , Sox2 CreERT2 , and Gli1 CreERT2 and were long-lived in vivo. (elifesciences.org)

Many existing tissue-engineering approaches focus on delivery of selected proteins (growth factors, transcription factors etc.) or nucleic acids to host or implanted stem cells to achieve lineage specific differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
They also serve as specialized vascular niches that provide instructive signals to tissue-specific stem cells or parenchymal cells for tissue formation and repair. (go.jp)
Recent advances in live imaging and genetics of mammalian division, movement and cell differentiation leading to development which integrate observations of biochemical tissue formation [14 ]. (lu.se)
of the most critical events which lead to tissue patterning involves mechanisms going beyond single cells. (lu.se)
Stem cells have attracted much interest in tissue engineering as a cell source due to their ability to proliferate in an undifferentiated state for prolonged time and capability of differentiating to different cell types after induction. (wjgnet.com)
The use of ASCs in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering research has important advantages in comparison with ESCs, since there are no ethical complications and the process of differentiation of these cells is better controlled. (bvsalud.org)
In explant method, the dental tissue is placed on a plastic surface and the cells migrate out from the tissue fragment adhering to culture flasks or dishes ( Figure 1 ). (bvsalud.org)

Neurosphere formation is commonly used as a surrogate for neural stem cell (NSC) function but the relationship between neurosphere-initiating cells (NICs) and NSCs remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)
Neural stem cells have long lives, much of which they spend in a quiescent state. (elifesciences.org)
However, the exact relationship between neural stem cells and neurosphere-forming cells has been uncertain. (elifesciences.org)
The neural stem cells, which Mich, Signer et al. (elifesciences.org)

Our findings reveal that during EHT, metabolism is a major regulator of primitive versus definitive hematopoietic differentiation. (lu.se)

However, Ueno and Weissman provided the earliest contradiction to the hemangioblast theory when they saw that distinct ES cells mixed into a blastocyst resulted in more than 1 ES cell contributing to the majority of the blood islands found in the resultant embryo. (wikipedia.org)
Our approach pairs sparse scATAC-seq data with robust detection of hundreds of cell surface and intracellular protein markers and optional capture of mitochondrial DNA for clonal tracking, capturing three distinct modalities in single cells. (nature.com)
We identified 6 distinct clusters (clusters 0 to 5) in dimension-reduction (UMAP) analysis, with a comparable distribution of cells per cluster between normoxic and hypoxic cultures. (confex.com)
The researchers have shown that certain mouse cells retain an ability to oscillate between very distinct blood cell types - B-cells and macrophages - long after what has been commonly regarded as the point of no return. (innovations-report.com)

The arrested cells then entered a cycle of self-renewal in which they replicated but did not further develop. (riken.jp)
Stem cells (SCs) are undifferentiated cells with self-renewal ability and capacity to differentiate into specialized cell types. (bvsalud.org)

Genetic regulatory networks programming hematopoietic stem cells and erythroid lineage specification. (ox.ac.uk)

Nam, A. S., Chaligne, R. & Landau, D. A. Integrating genetic and non-genetic determinants of cancer evolution by single-cell multi-omics. (nature.com)
Since these mutations occur in utero and are very hard to study in humans, we used mouse models that express the same genetic mutations to investigate their impact on the blood or hematopoietic system. (lu.se)

MDS is a clonal disorder of myeloid stem cells. (medscape.com)

Erythroid cell production results from passage through cellular hierarchies dependent on differential gene expression under the control of transcription factors responsive to changing niches. (ox.ac.uk)
Gene-expression analysis revealed that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor ( Gdnf ) is highly expressed in Lin - CD24 + c-Kit + Sca1 + stem cells. (jci.org)

Therefore there remains a need for providing effective methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types, such as myocytes or endothelial cells. (justia.com)

As these cells are short-lived, there needs to be a steady turnover of new blood cells and the maintenance of an HSC pool. (wikipedia.org)
A malignancy in the lymphoid lineage that includes white blood cells such as T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. (medgadget.com)
Reported in Science , the discovery lends support to a new model for the development of blood cells lineages. (riken.jp)
Together, the findings identify Bcl11b as a "master gene" governing the final step toward differentiation into T cells, confirming the proposed model and heralding a paradigm shift in our understanding of blood cell lineages. (riken.jp)
These latest findings on the phenomenon sometimes referred to as "lineage promiscuity" appear on the Web site of the journal Blood and will be published in the journal s print edition in March 2003. (innovations-report.com)
Pushing mature cells into other lineages may offer a new way to replace cells involved in blood diseases and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer s disease. (innovations-report.com)
Until recently, it was believed that the various cell types of the blood are generated from stem cells in a controlled but irreversible fashion," said James Hagman, an immunology researcher at the National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver who was not involved in this research. (innovations-report.com)
A common reference range for the absolute neutrophil count (ANC), which is calculated on the basis of the percentage of neutrophils in the white blood cell count (see the Absolute Neutrophil Count calculator) is 2500-8000/µL. (medscape.com)
Leukemia is characterized by the abnormal and uncontrolled expansion of malfunctioning blood cells that crowd out normal cells. (lu.se)
First, we looked at LIN28B, a gene recognized as the master regulator of fetal blood cell formation. (lu.se)
Загальні відомості про зниження еритропоезу Anemia, a decrease in the number of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb) content, or hematocrit (Hct), can result from decreased RBC production (erythropoiesis), increased RBC destruction. (msdmanuals.com)
White blood cells and platelets are not affected. (msdmanuals.com)

Cell Discovery is an open access journal that publishes results of high significance and broad interest in all areas of molecular and cell biology. (nature.com)
Cell Research is proud to present a collection of featured articles from the last 3 years that represent a broad scope in basic molecular and cell biology research. (nature.com)
Little is known about molecular mecha- desmosomal glycoproteins, resulting in the nisms affecting mast cell and T lympho- loss of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion [ 1 ]. (who.int)

The development of a megakaryocyte lineage specific Cre deleter, using the Pf4 (CXCL4) promoter (Pf4-Cre), was a significant step forward in the specific analysis of platelet and megakaryocyte cell biology. (nih.gov)
Ident- cult to deduce interaction rules from observations of the ified transcription factors for specific cell fates are, for entire system. (lu.se)
Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
Cell markers, or surface antigens, are molecules located on a cell's membrane used to identify specific cell types, their lineage, and their stage in the differentiation process according to the presence or absence of the expression of defined markers. (stemcell.com)
Certain stem cells do express none or far less of most lineage-specific antigens. (ipscell.com)
More importantly, we adapted this system to examine the potential of generating functional cytotoxic T cells (CTL) expressing a melanoma specific T cell receptor. (ca.gov)

Schier, A. F. Single-cell biology: beyond the sum of its parts. (nature.com)

Some immunodeficient strains are defective in T and B cell functions but retain varying amounts of NK cell activity and innate immunity. (genengnews.com)
Give students a feel for some of the approaches pursued to understand mechanisms underlying cell division innate immunity in Drosophila. (epfl.ch)

As an alternative, the clone may progressively deteriorate, and the appearance of marrow may return to normal as healthy stem cells repopulate it. (medscape.com)
Effects of hematopoietic stem cell adhesion on marrow stromal cell cytokine p. (rochester.edu)
The theoretical basis for marrow failure includes primary defects in or damage to the stem cell or the marrow microenvironment. (medscape.com)

Single-cell RNA-seq unmasked the existence of two subsets within the LT-HSC population that was apparent upon stimulation but not steady-state. (biorxiv.org)

Kim and Park, 2017 ) and make HMSCs attractive cells for regenerative therapies. (frontiersin.org)
Stem cell-based regenerative therapy is a promising treatment for head and neck cancer patients that suffer from chronic dry mouth (xerostomia) due to salivary gland injury from radiation therapy. (jci.org)
Conclusion: stem cells from dental origin are an interesting alternative for research and application in regenerative therapies in Dentistry. (bvsalud.org)
They may also serve as an unlimited source of therapeutically active cells for regenerative medi- cine. (lu.se)

is restricted to the erythroid cell line. (msdmanuals.com)

During this time, the field exploded with studies aimed at determining the components of the "hematopoietic stem cell niche" that made this possible. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cells rely on extracellular signals produced by the niche, which dictate their ability to self-renew, expand and differentiate. (karger.com)

The ECM provides structural and biochemical support to the cells and has various other functions including cell adhesion, cell to cell communication, and differentiation [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)

Both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic (stromal) cells can, under certain circumstances, differentiate into cells of various neuronal and glial lineages. (nih.gov)

RUNX1-positive leukemia cells in preclinical models. (lu.se)

term pre-GEPCOT cells (based on an acronym of the markers used to isolate the cells), were long-lived and quiescent, but they lacked the ability to form colonies in culture. (elifesciences.org)

Anatomy60

Organisms17

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs66

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment47

Phenomena and Processes52

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Named Groups2

Health Care1

Progenitor30

Transplantation12

Tissues11

Myeloid lineage2

HSCs15

Hematopoiesis12

Flow Cytometry6

Proliferation6

Malignant2

Progenitors12

Genes8

HSPCs5

Epithelial3

Precursors5

Embryonic11

Bone17

Various lineages1

Mice9

Immune8

Multiple lineages1

20161

Heterogeneity2

Homeostasis4

Developmental2

Mesenchymal4

Adult4

Generate4

CD451

Regeneration2

Populations4

Pluripotent8

Human10

Differentiation toward1

Vivo3

Tissue7

Neural4

Primitive1

Distinct4

Self-renewal2

Specification1

Genetic2

Clonal1

Gene expression2

Endothelial cells1

Blood12

Molecular3

Specific6

Biology1

Innate2

Marrow3

Subsets1

Regenerative4

Erythroid1

Niche2

Adhesion1

Differentiate into cells1

Leukemia1

Markers1