Heart magnetic resonance imaging cine. Medical search. Frequent questions

METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients with severe AS (symptomatic=25, asymptomatic=14) with normal LV ejection fraction and no significant coronary artery disease and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent cardiac 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging for the determination of steatosis (myocardial triglyceride content) and cardiac function, including circumferential strain (measured by magnetic resonance tagging). (ox.ac.uk)
Myocardial triglyceride content measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy correlates with histological quantification. (ox.ac.uk)
Cardiac energy metabolism in heart valve diseases with 31P MR spectroscopy]. (ox.ac.uk)
PURPOSE: Heart valve disease combined with left ventricular hypertrophy leads to derangements in cardiac energy metabolism, which can be detected non-invasively by 31P-MR-spectroscopy. (ox.ac.uk)

Humans bearing activating mutations in the γ2 subunit exhibit a phenotype including unexplained slowing of heart rate (bradycardia). (ox.ac.uk)

Cine sequences of the heart are acquired using balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) which has good temporal resolution and intrinsic image contrast. (wikipedia.org)
Methods: Short-axis cine cardiac magnetic resonance images, obtained using a steady-state free precession sequence from 1,494 members of the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort, were analyzed with software that automatically segments TPM. (tue.nl)
Feature Tracking (FT) is a novel post-processing strain quantification technique that can be performed on routinely acquired steady-state free precession cine sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
Methods Twenty-three consecutive patients underwent 1.5-Tesla cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the entire heart in the long-axis and short-axis orientation with breath-hold steady-state free precession imaging. (uantwerpen.be)

26 healthy volunteers (6 women) underwent cine CMR at rest and exercise. (biomedcentral.com)
Second, the healthy volunteer underwent a cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging procedure: 3D whole heart, 2 chamber view, 4 chamber view, 12 short axis slices Cine and strain encoded MRI (SENC). (heika-research.de)

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. (elsevierpure.com)

Firstly, simple and direct methods of quantification by non-invasive imaging are now widely available. (biomedcentral.com)
The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods . (lookformedical.com)
Advanced Imaging Platform (AIP) The AIP establishes an integrated research program on advancing imaging methods including optical, electron and x-ray modalities. (heika-research.de)

JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging , 5 (11), 1115-1123. (tue.nl)

T2-weighted imaging is mainly used to detect myocardial edema which may develop in acute myocarditis or infarction. (wikipedia.org)
While providing useful information in all patients with suspected heart failure, CMR should particularly be considered in those with poor echo windows, where it can also be combined with myocardial stress. (nih.gov)
Panel B shows a T 2 -weighted image without high signal intensity in the myocardium, meaning that there is no evidence of acute myocardial inflammation. (cmaj.ca)
To determine if global strain parameters measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) acutely following ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) predict adverse left ventricular (LV) remodelling independent of infarct size (IS). (biomedcentral.com)
In conclusion, isoproterenol infusion impaired in vivo cardiac function, induced hypertrophy, and decreased both fatty acid and glucose metabolism, changes similar in direction and magnitude to those found in the rat heart following moderate severity myocardial infarction. (ox.ac.uk)
Myocardial scar detection in free-breathing Dixon-based fat- and water-separated 3D inversion recovery late-gadolinium enhancement whole heart MRI. (uc.cl)
Myocardial strain imaging uses speckle-tracking echocardiography to measure tissue deformation through the cardiac cycle. (medscape.com)
Myocardial strain imaging, a reproducible measure of LV systolic function, can identify subclinical LV dysfunction and patterns that suggest specific cardiomyopathies (eg, ischemic cardiomyopathy, amyloidosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity). (medscape.com)
Parametric T1 and T2 mapping sequences can be used for evaluation of diffuse, interstitial myocardial fibrosis that is not detected by LGE imaging. (medscape.com)
Further, T2* mapping, another parametric imaging approach, can detect and quantify myocardial iron deposition, primarily to assess iron overload cardiomyopathy. (medscape.com)

Conventional MRI sequences are adapted for cardiac imaging by using ECG gating and high temporal resolution protocols. (wikipedia.org)
A study begins with localisers to assist with image planning, and then a set of retrospectively-gated cine sequences to assess biventricular function in standard orientations. (wikipedia.org)
Additional sequences may include T1 and T2-weighted imaging and MR angiography. (wikipedia.org)
Examples are below: Functional and structural information is acquired using bSSFP cine sequences. (wikipedia.org)
In this study, we developed a fully automated approach to right atrial segmentation in 4-chamber long-axis magnetic resonance image (MRI) cine sequences by applying a U-Net based neural network approach followed by a contour reconstruction and refinement algorithm. (ieee.org)
The MR images were retrospectively acquired from 242 cine sequences which were manually segmented by an expert radiologist to produce the ground truth data. (ieee.org)
Evaluation of the proposed method on the remaining 40 MR image sequences excluding a single outlier sequence yielded promising Sorensen--Dice coefficients and Hausdorff distances of 95.2% and 4.64 mm respectively before refinement and 94.9% and 4.38 mm afterward. (ieee.org)
Atrial tracing in cardiovascular magnetic resonance cine sequences. (techexplorist.com)

however, the late gadolinium-enhanced images showed hyperenhancement of the epicardial midlateral wall ( Figure 1 ), consistent with myocarditis, which was presumably too subtle to detect with T 2 -weighted imaging. (cmaj.ca)

Conditions in which it is performed include congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathies and valvular heart disease, diseases of the aorta such as dissection, aneurysm and coarctation, coronary heart disease. (wikipedia.org)
Shlyappo M.A., Aleksandrova S.A., Yurpol'skaya L.A., Makarenko V.N. Venous system and valvular heart disease: the radiologist's view. (cardiology-journal.com)
and detect valvular heart disease . (medscape.com)

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. (uc.cl)

Fast, high-resolution in vivo cine magnetic resonance imaging in normal and failing mouse hearts on a vertical 11.7 T system. (ox.ac.uk)
PURPOSE: To establish fast, high-resolution in vivo cine magnetic resonance imaging (cine-MRI) on a vertical 11.7-T MR system and to investigate the stability of normal and failing mouse hearts in the vertical position. (ox.ac.uk)
Deciphering 2DG's effects in vivo is important to understand how it might restrict viral infections, such as SARS-CoV-2, and any complications that might segue, especially those affecting the heart where 2DG has been reported to have serious detrimental effects in rodents 7 . (nature.com)
As 2DG achieves both these effects in cultured cells 12 we sought to determine whether this occurred in vivo in the heart, which could explain its reported anti-SARS.CoV-2 effects. (nature.com)
It has been thoroughly validated both ex vivo and against other imaging techniques. (nih.gov)
Isoproterenol induces in vivo functional and metabolic abnormalities: similar to those found in the infarcted rat heart. (ox.ac.uk)
In vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that left ventricular mass increased by 37% and end-diastolic and systolic volumes increased by 33% and 73%, respectively, following isoproterenol infusion. (ox.ac.uk)

High-resolution cine-MRI was applied to normal mice and to a murine heart failure model. (ox.ac.uk)
Following this report, multiple studies were published demonstrating the effectiveness of this technique in infants with congestive heart failure caused by large VSDs, complex lesions (eg, atrioventricular canal defects), and tricuspid atresia . (medscape.com)
In the acute setting, this leads to pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure in the neonate. (medscape.com)
Inverse-variance weighted MR was utilized for analyses on outcomes of atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, heart failure, ischaemic stroke, and 16 measures of cardiac structure and function. (imperial.ac.uk)
While high levels of overall cardiac sympathetic drive are a negative prognostic indicator of mortality following MI and during heart failure, β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in the infarct border zone reduced spatially heterogeneous alternans, and prevented conduction block and propagation of extrasystoles. (frontiersin.org)
Akaemova O.N., Kots Ya.I., Zheleznov L.M.,Sinitsyn V.E. Clinical and morphological stateof coronary sinus in chronic heart failure. (cardiology-journal.com)
Coronary sinus dilatation is associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and poor functional status in subjects with chronic heart failure. (cardiology-journal.com)
Introduction: Microvascular rarefaction, the functional reduction in perfused microvessels and structural reduction of microvascular density, seems to be an important mechanism in the pathophysiology of small blood vessel related disorders including vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) due to cerebral small vessel disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). (unav.edu)
Image based approach for early assessment of heart failure. (louisville.edu)
Sliman, Hisham Z., "Image based approach for early assessment of heart failure. (louisville.edu)
Therefore, early recognition of at risk patients may enable targeted therapeutic intervention to attenuate adverse remodelling, and thereby reduce the progression to heart failure, and improve clinical outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
As a result, it is indicated that the strong 3-dimensional vortex flow appears and impairs efficient LV ejection in severe heart failure. (ismrm.org)
Heart Failure Imaging: Where Are We Now? (medscape.com)
Approximately 6.2 million people in the United States had heart failure (HF) between 2013 and 2016, and prevalence of the condition continues to increase over time as the population ages. (medscape.com)
Agarwal and colleagues [10] hosts of the cystic stages of these tape- tive heart failure. (who.int)
Diagnosis Heart failure (HF) is a syndrome of ventricular dysfunction. (msdmanuals.com)

That image data has been acquired in the clinical routine at two different hospitals. (emis.de)
This may help explain recent clinical imaging studies using meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) and 11C-meta-hydroxyephedrine positron emission tomography (PET) which demonstrate that border zone denervation is strongly associated with a high risk of future arrhythmia. (frontiersin.org)
We then apply the PCCN as part of our automated reconstruction pipeline to 1000 subjects from the UK Biobank study in a cross-domain transfer setting and demonstrate its ability to reconstruct accurate and topologically plausible biventricular heart meshes with clinical metrics comparable to the previous literature. (bvsalud.org)
Bockeria L.A., Buslenko N.S., Buziashvili Ju.I.,Koksheneva I.V., Mozhina A.A. Right ventricularmyocardial dysfunction in ischemic heart disease(anatomy, pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical sig-nificance in cardiac surgery). (cardiology-journal.com)

The CMR protocol includes white blood CMR (sagittal anatomy, coronary and transverse anatomy), cine CMR (long axis cines, short axis cines of the ventricles, coronal LVOT cine), strain CMR (tagging), flow CMR (aortic valve flow) and parametric CMR (native T1 map). (ox.ac.uk)

It is the reference standard for the assessment of cardiac structure and function, and is valuable for diagnosis and surgical planning in complex congenital heart disease. (wikipedia.org)
Cardiac imaging tests can delineate cardiac structure and function. (msdmanuals.com)

Cardiovascular MRI is complementary to other imaging techniques, such as echocardiography, cardiac CT, and nuclear medicine. (wikipedia.org)
Traditional imaging modalities for Ebstein anomaly include chest radiography, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization with right ventriculography, and cardiac MRI. (medscape.com)
Two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography (seen in the images below) is usually performed next. (medscape.com)
Another disadvantage with echocardiography is that strain analysis may be hampered by variable image quality and the limited number of short axis views that are acquired [ 8 ], precluding the reliable assessment of global circumferential strain (GCS). (biomedcentral.com)
In this overview based on the latest research, we discuss the integral role of comprehensive imaging studies, particularly transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), in differentiating potential causes of HF and diagnosing various cardiomyopathies. (medscape.com)

Cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the current gold standard for the assessment of cardiac anatomy and function. (bvsalud.org)
However, it typically only acquires a set of two-dimensional (2D) slices of the underlying three-dimensional (3D) anatomy of the heart, thus limiting the understanding and analysis of both healthy and pathological cardiac morphology and physiology. (bvsalud.org)
In this paper, we propose a novel fully automatic surface reconstruction pipeline capable of reconstructing multi-class 3D cardiac anatomy meshes from raw cine MRI acquisitions. (bvsalud.org)
and (ii) Secondly, the locations of the tracked LV surface points are iteratively adjusted through an energy minimization cost function using a generalized Gauss-Markov random field (GGMRF) image model in order to remove inconsistencies and preserve the anatomy of the heart wall during the tracking process. (louisville.edu)
Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. (lookformedical.com)

Fatty acid transporter protein levels were 11-52% lower and triglyceride concentrations were 55% lower in isoproterenol-infused rat hearts. (ox.ac.uk)
Basal glycolysis and glycogen concentration were not changed, yet insulin stimulated glycolysis was decreased by 32%, accompanied by 33% lower insulin stimulated glucose transporter, GLUT4, protein levels in rat hearts following isoproterenol infusion, compared with controls. (ox.ac.uk)

Manual delineation of the right atrium throughout the cardiac cycle is tedious and time-consuming, yet promising for early detection of right heart dysfunction. (ieee.org)
Pulmonary hypertension is often the common link between lung dysfunction and the heart in cor pulmonale. (medscape.com)

AIMS: To examine the relevance of genetic and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) features of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD). (imperial.ac.uk)
BACKGROUND/AIM: To compare heart, left ventricle (LV) and coronary artery dose-sparing with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) vs. helical tomotherapy (HT) in left-sided breast cancer (BC). (bvsalud.org)

In diagnosing heart diseases, the estimation of cardiac performance indices requires accurate segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) wall from cine cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images. (louisville.edu)
Ebstein anomaly accounts for less than 1% of congenital heart diseases and occurs in 1 in 210,000 live births. (medscape.com)

To evaluate the relationship between neuroticism personality traits and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) measures of cardiac morphology and function, considering potential differential associations in men and women. (nih.gov)

The aim is to combine cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with computational modeling of cardiac biomechanics in order to improve diagnosis of cardiomyopathy. (heika-research.de)
Thanks to technologic advances in cardiac imaging, multimodality studies provide insight into the pathophysiology of both ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy. (medscape.com)

Although the appearance is relatively nonspecific, the large heart should suggest Ebstein anomaly in the differential diagnosis. (medscape.com)

Dynamic (cine) cardiovascular MRI showed normal systolic ventricular function without any wall motion abnormalities. (cmaj.ca)
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance images showing normal systolic left ventricular function on cine imaging without wall motion abnormalities (A, short-axis end-systolic phase). (cmaj.ca)

Magnetic resonance angiography may be performed with or without contrast medium and is used to assess congenital or acquired abnormalities of the coronary arteries and great vessels. (wikipedia.org)
CMS received a request to delete the national noncoverage of blood flow measurement from the Magnetic Resonance Imaging NCD at 220.2 of the NCD Manual and thus permit local Medicare contractor discretion to cover this use under 220.2(D). The requestor points to an apparent contradiction between this noncoverage provision and the national coverage of magnetic resonance imaging under the Magnetic Resonance Angiography NCD at 220.3 of the NCD Manual. (cms.gov)

Cardiac functional parameters were compared to matched mice imaged previously on a horizontal MR system. (ox.ac.uk)
This is followed by a segmentation of the endocardium and the myocardium into 17 segments following the recommendations of the American Heart Association and the computation of common global volumetric values (stroke volume, ejection fraction etc.) and parameters that describe the left ventricular dynamics (wall motion, wall thickening). (emis.de)
Conclusions: Global cardiac magnetic resonance LV parameters were significantly affected by whether TPM was considered as part of the LV blood pool or as part of LV mass. (tue.nl)
To correlate the morphometic parameters of coronary veins with functional parameters parameters of the heart in patients with valvular heart deseases (VHD) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (cardiology-journal.com)
They also determined reference values for anatomical and functional parameters in the heart during adolescence. (techexplorist.com)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, formerly known as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging - NMRI) is a noninvasive method of graphically representing the distribution of water and other hydrogen-rich molecules in the human body. (cms.gov)

Its occurrence has been previously assessed in first-pass perfusion images, but the use of noncontrast techniques would be highly beneficial. (unav.edu)
In patients, single-delay PCASL (1200 msec) and first-pass perfusion images were acquired under rest and adenosine conditions. (unav.edu)

Background Software for the analysis of left ventricular (LV) volumes and mass using border detection in short-axis images only, is hampered by through-plane cardiac motion. (uantwerpen.be)
Offline analysis was performed using software that uses short-axis images (Medis MASS) and software that includes two-chamber and four-chamber images to involve longitudinal LV expansion and shortening (CAAS-MRV). (uantwerpen.be)

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cardiac MRI, CMR), also known as cardiovascular MRI, is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology used for non-invasive assessment of the function and structure of the cardiovascular system. (wikipedia.org)
Images are typically planned sequentially to achieve the standard cardiac planes used for assessment. (wikipedia.org)
The main advantage of our approach is the reproducibility of the assessment results and the gain in time for the cardiologist who has to analyse the huge amount of cine data. (emis.de)
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is the reference standard for the assessment of ventricular dimensions, function, and mass in terms of accuracy and reproducibility. (nih.gov)
Image quality assessment revealed that the SSFP acquisitions were superior to FLASH at both field strengths. (ox.ac.uk)

Phase-contrast imaging uses bipolar gradients to encode velocity in a given direction and is used to assess valve disease and quantify shunts. (wikipedia.org)
Phase contrast imaging may be used to quantify valvular regurgitant fraction and shunt volume. (wikipedia.org)
These are usually retrospectively-gated and have intrinsically high contrast in cardiac imaging due to the relatively high T2:T1 ratio of blood compared to myocardium. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, loss of γ2 AMPK induces a reciprocal phenotype of increased heart rate, and prevents the adaptive intrinsic bradycardia of endurance training. (ox.ac.uk)
Lam A., Mora-Vieira L.F., Hoskins M., Lloyd M., Oshinski J.N. Performance of 3D, navigator-echo gated, contrast-enhanced, magnetic resonance coronary vein imaging in patients undergoing CRT. (cardiology-journal.com)
Magnetic resonance imaging is a diagnostic imaging modality that is capable of demonstrating a wide variety of soft-tissue lesions with contrast resolution equal or superior to CT scanning in various parts of the body. (cms.gov)
Free-breathing Contrast-agent free whole-heart MTC-BOOST imaging: Single-center validation study in Adult Congenital Heart Disease. (uc.cl)

Exercise was performed using a custom built ergometer for one-legged exercise in the supine position during breath hold imaging. (biomedcentral.com)
Single-breath-hold whole-heart coronary MRA in healthy volunters at 3.0MRI. (cardiology-journal.com)
End systolic volume (ESV), end diastolic volume (EDV), and ejection fraction (EF) were obtained from the left and the right ventricle in breath-hold cine CMR. (biomedcentral.com)
Supine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed using a 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance (MR) scanner (Philips Achieva, Best, NL) using electrocardiogram (ECG) triggered breath-hold fast field echo acquisition imaging covering the heart from the valve plane to the apex with a slice thickness of 8 mm with no gap. (biomedcentral.com)

0.05) dilation of the left ventricle, and reduction in ejection fraction compared to sham operated rats ( n = 4) on 7 T cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. (frontiersin.org)

Free-running 3D whole-heart T1 and T2 mapping and cine MRI using low-rank reconstruction with non-rigid cardiac motion correction. (uc.cl)
In ECG gating, the image recording (or reconstruction) is synchronized with the electrocardiogram (ECG), providing information from several cardiac cycles that can be used to create single images of selected points in the cardiac cycle. (msdmanuals.com)

Also, a novel framework for assessing both 3D functional strain and wall thickening from 4D cine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CCMR) is introduced. (louisville.edu)

Pulmonary artery banding (PAB) is a technique of palliative surgical therapy used by congenital heart surgeons as a staged approach for operative correction of congenital heart defects. (medscape.com)
Congenital heart defects with left-to-right shunting and unrestricted pulmonary blood flow (PBF) due to a drop in pulmonary vascular resistance result in pulmonary overcirculation. (medscape.com)
Patients who are selected for pulmonary artery banding (PAB) and staged cardiac repair are determined based on the experience and training of the pediatric cardiologists and congenital heart surgeons at any given institution. (medscape.com)
Infants with severe Ebstein anomaly and marked cardiomegaly may have further compromise due to excessive bilateral pulmonary compression by the enlarged heart. (medscape.com)

Exciting new MRI applications deliver high anatomical detail and provide opportunities to expand imaging capabilities. (siemens-healthineers.com)

3. Thai Nguyen, Trong-Hop Do, Quang-Dung Pham, A Deep Learning based System for Covid-19 Positive Cases Detection Using Chest X-ray Images,IEEE, 2022. (edu.vn)
4. Hoang-Thong Vo, Ngan-Linh Nguyen, Trong-Hop Do, Dao N. Ngoc, Quang-Dung Pham, Binary Image Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network for V2V Communication Systems, Springer Nature, 2022. (edu.vn)

The field is rapidly advancing with increasing automation and simplification in both image acquisition and analysis. (nih.gov)

CONCLUSION: This work shows that MR systems with a vertical bore design can be used to accurately measure cardiac function in both normal and chronically failing mouse hearts within one hour. (ox.ac.uk)
L'imagerie par resonance magnetique (IRM) est souvent consideree standard test for characterizing cardiac as well as noncardiac struc- comme l'examen par excellence pour caracteriser les structures et les ture and function. (bvsalud.org)
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is an accurate method for determining the heart's architecture, function, and tissue makeup. (techexplorist.com)
Magnetic resonance imaging reference values for cardiac morphology, function and tissue composition in adolescents. (techexplorist.com)
Left ventricular (LV) function was analyzed by cine MRI. (ox.ac.uk)
Cor pulmonale is defined as an alteration in the structure and function of the right ventricle (RV) of the heart caused by a primary disorder of the respiratory system. (medscape.com)

A retrospective analysis of cardiac cine MR image data from 20 patients (healthy ones, patients with abnormal wall motion, and patients who suffered an infarction) has been done. (emis.de)
This retrospective cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) study included 183 subjects with normal structural and functional ventricular values. (biomedcentral.com)

Mostajeran M, Wetterling F, W Blixt F, Edvinsson L, Ansar S. Acute mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 inhibition improves functional recovery and vascular changes after ischaemic stroke in rat-monitored by 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging. (lu.se)

Dual voltage/calcium optical mapping of post-MI Langendorff perfused hearts (using RH-237 and Rhod2) demonstrated that the border zone was significantly more prone to alternans than the surrounding myocardium at longer cycle lengths, predisposing to spatially heterogeneous alternans. (frontiersin.org)
Torsion therefore describes the shear deformation undergone by the myocardium and is preferred to twist since, for the same torsion, the twist can be variable depending on heart length and diameter. (biomedcentral.com)
The myocardium was divided into 6 segments according to the American Heart Association (AHA) segment model, indicated by the following numbers: 1 (mid anterior), 2 (mid anteroseptal), 3 (mid inferoseptal), 4 (mid inferior), 5 (mid inferolateral), and 6 (mid anterolateral). (techexplorist.com)

In several species, the vertebral heart scale (VHS) measurement is frequently used to provide a more objective evaluation of cardiomegaly. (bvsalud.org)
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed five days after admission for further cardiac evaluation. (cmaj.ca)

Nevertheless, most published MRI data from adolescent subjects come from patients with congenital heart defects or other conditions. (techexplorist.com)

Although the use of PAB has significantly decreased, it continues to maintain a therapeutic role in certain subsets of patients with congenital heart disease. (medscape.com)
Although the use of PAB has declined, it remains an essential technique for comprehensive surgical treatment in patients with congenital heart disease. (medscape.com)

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Cardiovasc Imaging1

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20222

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