Health care group practice prepaid. Medical search. Frequent questions

These and other works made him an early champion for a health-care system with salaried physicians and clinical decisions driven by evidence-based studies, which seems particularly relevant today, as the U.S. government grapples with ways to stem the country's rapidly rising health-care costs. (stanford.edu)
Retiring Marshfield Clinic Health System CEO Susan Turney, MD, says women physicians should stay true to themselves. (ama-assn.org)
The AMA Update covers a range of health care topics affecting the lives of physicians and patients. (ama-assn.org)
Only visits to the offices of nonfederally employed physicians classified by the American Medical Association (AMA) or the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) as 'office-based, patient care' were included in the 1994 NAMCS. (cdc.gov)
The physician universe, sample size, and response rates by physician specialty are shown in table I. Of the participating physicians, 251 saw no patients during their assigned reporting period because of vacations, illness, or other reasons for being temporarily not in practice. (cdc.gov)
The HMO contracts with a group of physicians for a set fee per patient to provide many different health services in a central location. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
The group of physicians determines the compensation of each individual physician, often sharing profits. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
The IPA then contracts with physicians who continue in their existing individual or group practice. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
The plan contracts with a variety of groups of physicians and other providers in a network of care with organized referral patterns. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
Physicians are on the staff of the HMO with some sort of salaried arrangement and provide care exclusively for the health plan enrollees. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
To assess the awareness, accessibility, and utilization of the available intranet e-resources, a survey questionnaire was distributed to all oncology healthcare practitioners (physicians, nurses, and pharmacists) in an adult oncology center. (biomedcentral.com)
Instead he advocated affordable, prepaid healthcare through the cooperative ownership of hospitals staffed by physicians -- practicing as a group -- who promoted the new idea of "preventive" medicine. (historylink.org)
Dr. Robert Pearl leads the 9,000 physicians employed by the Permanente Medical Group , which serves over 4 million Kaiser Permanente members in California and around Washington, D.C. A plastic surgeon by training, Pearl has emerged as a leading champion of using electronic health records and new technologies to improve quality while lowering the cost of care. (modernhealthcare.com)
Modern Healthcare Managing Editor Gregg Blesch recently spoke with Pearl about the advantages and challenges facing physicians working in large integrated delivery systems. (modernhealthcare.com)
In the 1890s, a group of physicians met and agreed that there could be an easy way to solve this issue. (studyresearchpapers.com)
The physicians agreed to provide prepaid health care to their patients, thereby offsetting the costs of healthcare and being able to provide for the less fortunate (State Implement Health Reforms, 2011). (studyresearchpapers.com)
Soon enough, insurance companies began offering health insurance, which in reality was just prepaid healthcare but took the unnecessary responsibility of handling the accounts from the Physicians and handed it over to the insurance companies (Hall & Lord, 2014). (studyresearchpapers.com)
Physician well-being is critical to both patient care and organizational success at Atrius Health, a Boston area delivery system, with approximately 900 physicians and another 300 advanced practice providers across 36 sites. (ama-assn.org)
As in many organizations, Atrius Health knows that its physicians, particularly in primary care, typically spend an hour or more of their personal time after hours each day completing documentation or working on their inbox. (ama-assn.org)
Referral management has also been substantially removed from the primary care physicians' task lists via a Navigator Center. (ama-assn.org)
On behalf of primary care physicians, Navigator staff help patients with referrals and are able answer routine questions and offer guidance, including having difficult conversations when the proposed referral is different than what the patient might have requested. (ama-assn.org)
To help physicians deliver higher quality care, as both a means of efficiency and of driving satisfaction, via our VNA Care home health subsidiary, Atrius Health has expanded its capacity to provide same day evaluation at home for patients who cannot come to the office and would otherwise go the ED (reducing likelihood of admission and associated work for physician). (ama-assn.org)
Similarly, geriatric and palliative care physicians are available to either provide direct care or to guide primary care clinicians as they care for frail, elderly patients, increasing the scope and competency of the primary care workforce, which in turn enhances professional satisfaction. (ama-assn.org)
One that stands out for me though as a universal problem shared by millions is Managed Health Care, and the imposition it has posed on physicians and patients alike is enormous. (kevinmd.com)
The 2011 Medscape Physicians Compensation Report generated survey results from almost 16,000 physicians across 22 specialty areas regarding income and practice parameters. (kevinmd.com)
Primary care physicians have the shortest access time per patient, with a median visit time of 13-16 minutes per patient. (kevinmd.com)
17% of primary care docs spent more than 20 hours a week on paperwork and other non-patient activities, and less than half of primary care physicians would choose to go into primary care again if they had the chance to do it all over again. (kevinmd.com)
The HMO pays the medical group a negotiated, per capita rate, which the group distributes among its physicians, usually on a salaried basis. (whatifpost.com)
Individual Practice Association (IPA) HMO = A type of health care provider organization composed of a group of independent practicing physicians who maintain their own offices and band together for the purpose of contracting their services to HMOs. (whatifpost.com)

In working in the Home Health Industry for Kaiser Permanente we are on the front line of controlling Re-hospitalizations. (bartleby.com)
1. Kaiser Permanente starting in 1945 when Sydney Garfield and Henry Kaiser came together to form the healthcare system still used today. (bartleby.com)
Group Health's amicable but swift separation from Kaiser Permanente was completed in 2001. (historylink.org)
Dr. Louise Liang departed to pursue opportunities within Kaiser Permanente, and in 2002 Dr. Gary Feldbau succeeded her as the Cooperative's medical director and president of Group Health Permanente. (historylink.org)
Kaiser Permanente has "universal commitment improving the health and wellness of the members, patients, colleagues, and communities" (Kaiser Permanente, 2012). (antiessays.com)
Kaiser Permanente consists of three groups, which are Kaiser Foundation Health Plan with the regional operating subsidiaries, Kaiser Permanente Medical Groups, and Kaiser Foundation Hospitals (Kaiser Permanente, 2012). (antiessays.com)
Kaiser Permanente serves as a model of incorporation, supportive incentives, and organized care. (antiessays.com)

The Health Maintenance Organization Act, informally known as the federal HMO Act, is a federal law that provides for a trial federal program to promote and encourage the development of health maintenance organizations (HMOs). (wikipedia.org)
Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) is a term first conceived of by Dr. Paul M. Ellwood, Jr. The concept for the HMO Act began with discussions Ellwood and his Interstudy group members had with Nixon administration advisors who were looking for a way to curb medical inflation. (wikipedia.org)
A Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) is a managed care plan that incorporates financing and delivery of an inclusive set of health care services to individuals enrolled in a network. (wikipedia.org)
Family planning clinic (including Planned Parenthood) -Health maintenance organization or other prepaid practice (e.g. (cdc.gov)
An organization that provides or arranges for coverage of designated health services needed by plan members for a fixed prepaid premium. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
Under the Federal HMO Act an organization must possess the following to call itself an HMO: (1) and organized system for providing healthcare in a geographical area, (2) an agreed-on set of basic and supplemental health maintenance and treatment services, and (3) a voluntarily enrolled group of people. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
Most significantly, the organization continued investing in the innovative and easy-to-use website, MyGroupHealth, which had been spearheaded by two medical directors, Drs. Matt Handley and Ted Eytan, and by James Hereford, then executive director of the Health Informatics Department. (historylink.org)
Jubilation after the Supreme Court ruling was heartfelt but short-lived as Group Health faced the sobering responsibilities and challenges of running a complex and largely untested style of health-care organization. (historylink.org)
For example, Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) provides coverage for designated care services for plan subscribers at a fixed prepaid premium and includes four models that are the staff model, network model, group model, and individual practice association. (essaysexperts.net)
According to Pablos-Méndez & Raviglione (2018) others include the Integrated Delivery System (IDS), which provides a broad spectrum of tertiary and ambulatory care services, the Preferred Provider Organization (PPO), which provides the subscribers with substantial benefits for healthcare services from preferred providers. (essaysexperts.net)
The organization also facilitates prompt referrals across specialties, guaranteeing same day consultation in many sub-specialties while also establishing e-consultation as a mainstream method for acquiring sub-specialty guidance for primary care. (ama-assn.org)
She leads the organization in its activities regarding the development of public policy related to health care, advocating on behalf of its members, and furthering the mission of the Association to improve the health status of the citizens of the Commonwealth. (khcollaborative.org)
The organization is operated by health care professionals, business professionals, construction workers, and customer service experts. (antiessays.com)
Corporate division supports the community programs and the health care management that incorporates research and clinical awareness within the organization. (antiessays.com)
A nationally collected organization of colleagues that is improving communication and collaboration throughout the group. (vcahospitals.com)
Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) = A health care system that provides "managed care" through a network of providers and fixed, pre-paid rates rather than fee-for-service. (whatifpost.com)
Geneva, World Health Organization, 2009. (who.int)

We have been briefed on numerous occasions by representatives from BISHCA, the Joint Fiscal Office, The Commission on the Public's Health Care Values and Priorities, The Lewin Group, and other organizations. (snellingcenter.org)
After years of struggle and despite virulent opposition by the medical establishment, Group Health became one of the nation's largest consumer-directed health-care organizations. (historylink.org)
We provide legal advice and counsel to labor organizations during certification and representation elections to become recognized as the bargaining representative for an organized group of employees, decertification elections when bargaining agent status is challenged by a rival labor union, agency shop elections, and other union elections. (joeroselaw.com)
He holds a Master of Science degree in Economics and has managed health care organizations since completing his military service in 1972. (khcollaborative.org)
Since 1986 HOI has developed and managed health care organizations and provided consulting services to health plans, medical groups, hospitals, academic medical centers and employers in 38 states. (khcollaborative.org)
A (mercifully) brief history of managed care: The origins of the first managed care efforts in this country date back to the early 1900's, when prepaid physician services started showing up in a few select industries and health care organizations. (kevinmd.com)
This provided a legal avenue for using federal funds to promote the growth of Health Maintenance Organizations. (kevinmd.com)
Health-care organizations especially of volume of services ( 3 ). (who.int)

This landmark study led to his appointment chairing a subcommittee of the National Halothane Study, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, where he worked with a team of statisticians, epidemiologists, pathologists and internists to analyze data from almost 900,000 surgical patients in 34 hospitals. (stanford.edu)
Like its predecessors, it provides an accessible overview of the basic components of the system: healthcare personnel, hospitals and other institutions, the federal government, financing and payment mechanisms, and managed care. (google.jo)
Additionally, emergency rooms and hospitals may see increased numbers of cases days after the first, milder symptoms of disease bring new patients to ambulatory-care settings. (cdc.gov)
Like its predecessors, Jonasí Introduction to the U.S. Health Care System includes an overview of health care personnel, hospitals and other institutions, the federal government, financing and payment mechanisms, and managed care. (technolily.net)
Dr. Shadid's crusade was to overthrow the traditional fee-for-service practice of medicine dominated by solo practitioners, expensive specialists, and private hospitals and clinics. (historylink.org)
This gives insured individuals flexibility when choosing doctors, hospitals, and health care facilities. (studymoose.com)
AHIMA's goals have been to streamline electronic health records in all hospitals and to provide training and certifications to those technicians working in health information management fields. (antiessays.com)
Veterinary Specialists are a cornerstone of the care provided by VCA Animal Hospitals. (vcahospitals.com)
Based remains the payer mix, defined as the itability among hospitals operating in on this exercise, hospital administrators types of payers and the percentage of a multi-payer health-care systems and all can rationalize the process of assigning hospital's revenue from each payer ( 3 ). (who.int)

This report summarizes the findings of the cognitive evaluation of questionnaire items on the forthcoming 2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) supplement. (cdc.gov)
The NAMCS CLAS supplement will be a national survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics' (NCHS) Division of Health Care Statistics (DHCS), and is sponsored by the Office of Minority Health (OMH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). (cdc.gov)
HRSA Health Resources and Services Administration. (bartleby.com)
These data are weighted to produce national estimates that describe the utilization of ambulatory medical care services in the United States. (cdc.gov)
The American College of Radiology (ACR), in 1993, developed clinical practice guidelines for radiologic services . (hbr.org)
One of the best-known such systems is the Department of Defense Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-based Epidemics (ESSENCE) system (5) , which is based on encounter data from health services operated by the Department of Defense. (cdc.gov)
Providing an accessible overview of the basic components of the system, this latest edition is also entirely updated to address the health care reform bill of 2010 and subsequent changes to health care services, delivery, and financing. (technolily.net)
A system of healthcare delivery that aims to provide a generalized structure and focus when managing the use, access, cost, quality, and effectiveness of healthcare services. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
This HMO model that contracts with a private practice physician or healthcare association to provide healthcare services in return for a negotiated fee. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
Payment regarding healthcare and services provided by a physician, medical professional, or agency. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
A fixed amount of money per-member-per-month (PMPM) paid to a care provider for covered services rather than based on specific services provided. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
Typically combines facility and professional practitioner fees for care and services. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
To study data and information relative to increasing health care costs, cost shift, and availability of services. (snellingcenter.org)
1. The Governor appointed former Human Services Secretary Cornelius Hogan to chair the commission and appointed current Human Services Secretary Jane Kitchel and Commissioner of Banking, Insurance, Securities and Health Care Administration Elizabeth Costle to serve on the commission. (snellingcenter.org)
But the Cooperative refused to give up so easily, and engaged Children's Hospital & Regional Medical Center as a partner in a new effort to redefine the facility's mission through pediatric emergency care and inpatient services. (historylink.org)
The website is an evolving tool that at mid-decade added an online health profile coupled with the services of a health coach -- health-care professionals trained to help people make health-improving behavior changes. (historylink.org)
In the healthcare sector, m-Health, social media, e-health, and telemedicine are tools that are increasingly being used to deliver healthcare services and information to millions of individuals. (essaysexperts.net)
Highmark Blue Shield also provides services in conjunction with a separate health plan in southeastern Pennsylvania. (baschiazzurri.it)
U.S. employers spend billions of dollars on healthcare services. (khcollaborative.org)
Expensive services can detour patients from seeking care. (studymoose.com)
Corporate division also provides services and support to medical centers facilitating the care process. (antiessays.com)
Supervision is integral to the delivery of high quality practice across health, social care and other services and that the development of effective relationships between supervisors and supervisees throughout the system is fundamental to improving outcomes for residents. (antiessays.com)
We also offer services for health care management, workers' compensation administration and health information technology. (aetna.com)
Aetna is the brand name used for products and services provided by one or more of the Aetna group of companies, including Aetna Life Insurance Company and its affiliates (Aetna). (aetna.com)
Aetna Inc. and its affiliated companies are not responsible or liable for the content, accuracy or privacy practices of linked sites, or for products or services described on these sites. (aetna.com)
329 and 330 of the United States Public Health Services Act. (flsenate.gov)
c) Payments to a health care provider or health care facility for professional consultation services. (flsenate.gov)
e) Payments by a health insurer who reimburses, provides, offers to provide, or administers health, mental health, or substance abuse goods or services under a health benefit plan. (flsenate.gov)
Data on health services resource use will be collected from all patient records 6 months pre- and post-intervention. (biomedcentral.com)
For example the National Association of the Self- Employed offers its members a variety of services- and one of them is the opportunity to buy health insurance. (whatifpost.com)
The group practice may work exclusively with the HMO, or it may provide services to non-HMO patients as well. (whatifpost.com)
The physician groups may provide services to both HMO and non-HMO plan participants. (whatifpost.com)
The Franklin Grand Isle Community Partnership is a coalition of concerned members, including representative from the health, education, human services and business communities, who collaborate to help improve outcomes of social well-being for area children, families and individuals. (healthvermont.gov)
No health system meets the full cost of health services out of the prepaid and pooled funds collected by tax or insurance contributions. (who.int)
Health, population and nutrition: protecting pro-poor health services during financial crises: lessons from experience. (who.int)
The variation in hospital payment care services ( 7 ). (who.int)
The rebate amount will be based on the Medical Benefits Schedule (Australia's list of health professional services subsidised by the Australian Government) currently available for similar age-based assessments. (bvsalud.org)
implying that the provision of health services is not just mere curing the sick but also to promoting healthy lifestyle in order to prevent diseases/ill- conditions for all people living in Botswana. (who.int)

As a result, patients are receiving coordinated behavioral care, and their outcomes are improving. (hbr.org)
These tools can be any electronic monitoring systems and devices that are applied by clinical practitioners to improve or monitor health statuses and outcomes (Al-Shorbaji, 2018). (essaysexperts.net)
Different health and clinical outcomes exist where individuals can use economic evaluation analysis. (essaysexperts.net)
Clinical evaluation of healthcare efficacy on health care outcomes addresses different project and program elements that focus on inputs and outputs and processes and outcomes. (essaysexperts.net)
However, they are not suitable for revealing how the resources were used to accomplish health outcomes. (essaysexperts.net)
And for all this, we still have the worst health care outcomes compared with six other leading industrialized nations. (kevinmd.com)
Long-term economic evaluation suggested NMS may deliver better patient outcomes and reduced overall healthcare costs than normal practice, but uncertainty around this finding is high. (bmj.com)
The outcomes of interest in this feasibility trial are the ability to recruit patients and healthcare staff, the optimal method of delivering the intervention within routine clinical practice, and acceptability and perceived utility of the intervention among patients and staff. (biomedcentral.com)
Understanding reasons for the improvements in smoking and physical activity may support the development of targeted interventions to reverse the trends and help prevent chronic disease and adverse reproductive outcomes among women in this age group. (cdc.gov)
Additionally, these risk factors and chronic conditions are related to adverse reproductive health outcomes, including cesarean delivery, eclampsia, perinatal infections and complications, preterm delivery, low birth weight, and infant death (9-13). (cdc.gov)
Preventing and managing these risk factors and conditions in women of reproductive age may improve pregnancy outcomes and the overall health of women. (cdc.gov)
The surveillance of trends among women of reproductive age in indicators related to adverse birth outcomes and development of chronic disease can identify groups at increased risk and guide public health prevention and management efforts. (cdc.gov)
Secondary outcomes include the annual rate of patient management activities related to health risks and conditions identified (eg, contraception prescribed, sexually transmitted infection tests ordered). (bvsalud.org)

The NAMCS is a national probability sample survey conducted by the Division of Health Care Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (cdc.gov)
Dr. Goldsteen has an extensive background in health care and was formerly a director of the health policy research centers at the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign, University of Oklahoma College of Public Health, and the West Virginia University School of Medicine. (google.jo)
We describe here an automated system developed in a partnership between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, a large group practice, a health plan, and an academic department. (cdc.gov)

An evaluation is done to determine the patient's continuing care needs once they have left the care facility. (bartleby.com)
or medical practice which is professionally incompetent, in that it may create unnecessary danger to any patient's life, health, or safety, in any of which cases, proof of actual injury need not be established. (mn.gov)
What they want is a smart technology that, using the best clinician thinking, using the recommendations of the patient's own primary-care physician or cardiologist or other provider of care, is embedded into the device and allows the person to know how they're doing. (modernhealthcare.com)
However, the use of eHealth, m-health, and telemedicine cover the extensive use in health care settings because they are used for different purposes such as monitoring patient's progress and provides users with clinical information. (essaysexperts.net)

JUST POSTED - "Democrats meet with anti-Trump conservatives to fight No Labels 2024 bid," by WaPo's Michael Scherer: "Their mission: to figure out how to best subvert a potential third-party presidential bid by the group No Labels. (politico.com)

In what setting do you typically provide care to the most patients? (cdc.gov)
When patients are send back home or to a facility that does not require full time nursing care assistance, programs need to be put into place to ensure that the patient is receiving the proper continuation of care post discharge. (bartleby.com)
Bunker had the courage to raise cost and safety questions that previously had not been studied, and anesthesia, surgery and patients are far better off for his leadership," said Alain Enthoven , PhD, the Marriner S. Eccles Professor Emeritus of Public and Private Management and a core faculty member at Stanford's Center for Health Policy . (stanford.edu)
The health system-level factors that drive the physician burnout phenomenon cannot be directly influenced by patients, but they can play a positive role. (ama-assn.org)
Following a career "reading" young patients, teaching and administrating health care, Lawrence Kahn turned to classic literature. (wustl.edu)
All primary care patients undergo mental and behavioral health screening, and they get appropriate follow-up with counselors, often at the same location. (hbr.org)
The clinicians collaborate in the same way for all patients, whether or not Intermountain's health plan is the insurer. (hbr.org)
Within 24 hours, ambulatory and telephone encounters recording patients with diagnoses of interest are identified and merged into major syndrome groups. (cdc.gov)
DRGs demonstrate groups of patients using similar resource consumption and length of stay. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
We use data from several million patients we've taken care of in the past to predict which patients have the highest probability to deteriorate tonight and being in the ICU tomorrow. (modernhealthcare.com)
The study indicates that patients are also more likely to recommend the individual physician and the overall practice. (ama-assn.org)
Indemnity plans provide patients with flexibility and control over their medical care. (studymoose.com)
CDHP's aim to control costs by putting responsibility for health care decisions into the hands of patients. (studymoose.com)
Alternatively, increased decision making ability allows patients to forgo care. (studymoose.com)
Managed care means less time spent directly with patients, and more time spent on non-clinical activities (i.e. paperwork). (kevinmd.com)
Age-related hearing loss has significant impacts on health and quality of life but discussing hearing health with patients can mitigate many of these impacts and increase the number of older adults receiving appropriate hearing rehabilitation. (racgp.org.au)
Results Unadjusted analysis: of 327 patients still taking the initial medicine, 97/170 (57.1%) and 103/157 (65.6%) (p=0.113) patients were adherent in normal practice and NMS arms, respectively. (bmj.com)
Be-fore we examine the way in which the NHS is being dismantled in its 40th anniversary year, it is worth looking at the apparent contradiction between record spending and the cuts which are all too familiar to patients and health workers. (sochealth.co.uk)
We aim to recruit a total of 80 primary care patients with active asthma from at least eight practices across two health boards in Scotland (10 patients per practice resulting in ~40 in each arm). (biomedcentral.com)
Patients in the control arm will receive a usual care guideline-based review of asthma. (biomedcentral.com)
Semi-structured interviews will be carried out with healthcare staff and a purposive sample of patients to elicit their views and experiences of the trial. (biomedcentral.com)
He collected data from a large group of patients, factoring out personal circumstances and focusing on general and overriding characteristics that brought them together. (bvsalud.org)
We sought to (1) determine whether clinics that do and do not implement mailed fecal testing differ with respect to characteristics (e.g., type, location, and proportion of uninsured patients) and (2) identify implementation practices among clinics that offer mailed fecal testing. (cdc.gov)

effect of health behaviors on health status has been widely studied and found to be an important determinant of health. (google.jo)

Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC), federally-funded clinics or "look-alike" clinics) -Mental health center -Non-federal government clinic (e.g. state, county, city, maternal and child health, etc. (cdc.gov)
At Intermountain Medical Group clinics, mental health care is integrated with primary care as a default practice, first piloted 15 years ago. (hbr.org)
The CRCCP utilizes implementation science to support health system change as a strategy to reduce disparities in CRC screening by directing resources to primary care clinics to implement evidence-based interventions (EBIs) proven to increase CRC screening. (cdc.gov)
As COVID-19 continues to impede in-person healthcare visits and compel the unpredictable redirection of clinic priorities, understanding clinics' adoption and implementation of EBIs into routine care is crucial. (cdc.gov)
In this retrospective, cross-sectional analysis, we assessed practices around mailed fecal testing implementation in 185 clinics across 62 US health systems. (cdc.gov)
Mailed fecal testing was widely implemented alongside other EBIs in primary care clinics participating in the CRCCP, but multiple opportunities for enhancing its implementation exist. (cdc.gov)

Supervision is practised widely in Health and Social care industry and also mental health professionals. (antiessays.com)
Only five countries spent above 9% of their GDP on health.9 Government expenditure on health as a percentage of total health expenditure in the Region varies widely from 1 IMF. (who.int)
1.1.1 The enjoyment of a level of health that allows every citizen to lead an economically and socially productive life is widely accepted as a basic necessity in any population. (who.int)

Consumer-directed health plans (CDHP) were the result of public backlash against managed care and the rise in health care expenditures (Bundorf,K. M., 2012). (studymoose.com)
In 2008, women of reproductive age incurred health care expenses estimated at $170.4 billion, or 14.8% of all health care expenditures, in the United States (2). (cdc.gov)

Discharge planning is used to create a plan of care for a patient who is leaving a care setting. (bartleby.com)
A managed care plan that provides benefits only if care is rendered by providers within a specific network. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
A type of health plan allowing the covered person to choose to receive a service from a participating or a nonparticipating provider, with different benefit levels associated with the use of participating providers. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
Home / Smoking Cessation Wholecare, coverage by Gateway Health Plan, which is an independent licensee of the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association. (baschiazzurri.it)
The health plan he founded and operated for several years was called "the most successful provider-owned plan in the country" by Modern Healthcare magazine. (khcollaborative.org)
Former Commissioner for the Kentucky Employees' Health Plan, with 290,000 members, the largest self-insured health plan in the Commonwealth. (khcollaborative.org)
With an indemnity plan the patient pays for care. (studymoose.com)
Cafeteria Plan = A health plan that provides a number of tax-exempt health benefits for employees to choose from, similar to the way they might choose from different menu items at a cafeteria. (whatifpost.com)

These contributions typically are the predominant source of domestically generated health expenditure at the national level. (who.int)

pp. 43 44) The success of any health care system is also affected by the other determinants of health. (google.jo)
The policy thus encompasses all the social determinants which impact the health of the nation. (who.int)

With a growing family, he had to look to private practice. (wustl.edu)
An innovative approach to improving access to consultations with general practitioners (GPs) in private practice has culminated in the development of NetcarePlus Vouchers, a new product that has just been launched in South Africa. (netcare.co.za)

There are four basic models of HMOs: group model, individual practice association (IPA), network model, and staff model. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)

The care provided by GPs speaks to people's most common day-to-day healthcare needs and is crucial to supporting a person's health and well-being," says Dr Richard Friedland, chief executive officer of the Netcare Group. (netcare.co.za)
This trial aims to determine whether a specific fee-for-service ('rebate payment') for a young person's health assessment, is effective and cost-effective at increasing the detection and management of health risk behaviours and conditions among young people. (bvsalud.org)

Reducing burnout is essential to high-quality patient care and a sustainable health system. (ama-assn.org)
The utilization of such e-resources ensures that practice is unified and it should ultimately enhance patient care and safety as well. (biomedcentral.com)
So, maximizing scarce and valuable nursing time for tasks that are directly focused on patient care and recovery was the operational side of Markus & Nocka's argument. (payette.com)
MH: What other new tools are you using to enhance patient care? (modernhealthcare.com)
Our 3,700 credentialed veterinary technicians and veterinary technician specialists deliver exceptional patient care and are the backbone of every VCA Animal Hospital. (vcahospitals.com)

And Intermountain Healthcare initiated a care-process model for febrile infants in 2008, including guidelines for the use of physical exams, lab tests, antibiotics, and discharge criteria. (hbr.org)
He was recently named chair of the Council of Accountable Physician Practices, or CAPP, which includes medical groups from the Mayo Clinic, Geisinger Health System, Intermountain Healthcare and other integrated delivery networks. (modernhealthcare.com)

Solo or group practice -Freestanding clinic or urgent care center -Community health center (e.g. (cdc.gov)
Group Health Cooperative began providing health care after merging in 1946 with the Seattle-based Medical Security Clinic, a physician-owned group practice whose idealistic doctors also believed in preventive care. (historylink.org)
Survey data were collected from two clinic networks in increased earlier than usual among all age groups, and rates middle Tennessee, including the same eight counties as well as Houston, Humphreys, Maury, Montgomery, Stewart, and Trousdale counties. (cdc.gov)

42 general practices (clusters) will be randomly allocated 1:1 to either an intervention arm where general practitioners receive a rebate payment for each annual health assessment undertaken for 14-24-year-olds during a 2 year study period, or a control arm (no rebate). (bvsalud.org)

The emphasis on enabling self-management of asthma has led to a proliferation of asthma action plans being developed and recommended for routine use within primary as well as secondary asthma care [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

and required employers with 25 or more employees to offer federally certified HMO options IF they offered traditional health insurance to employees. (wikipedia.org)
It did not require employers to offer health insurance. (wikipedia.org)
Counts of new episodes of illness, rates calculated from health insurance records, and estimates of the probability of observing at least this number of new episodes are reported for syndrome surveillance. (cdc.gov)
An established market for health insurance can be efficient where the vulnerability to chronic diseases is generally low (Barnard-Kelly, 2019. (essaysexperts.net)
The public began embracing the practice of health insurance, and it soon grew. (studyresearchpapers.com)
Regardless of this, the Act and Health Insurance at large has played a significant role in the proper management of health care among Americans (Friedman & Gostin, 2016). (studyresearchpapers.com)
Statistics show that over 65% of Americans are covered by some form of health insurance. (studyresearchpapers.com)
Medicare is a federal health insurance program for people who are at least 65 years old. (baschiazzurri.it)
Important Legal Information: Highmark Blue Shield, Highmark Benefits Group, Highmark Choice Company, Highmark Senior Health Company, and/or Highmark Health Insurance Company provide health benefits and/or health benefit administration in the 21 counties of central Pennsylvania and 13 counties in northeast and north central Pennsylvania. (baschiazzurri.it)
Also responsible for optional employer sponsored Group Life, Dental, and Vision Insurance programs. (khcollaborative.org)
In 1932 the American Medical Association (AMA) adopted a strong position against prepaid group practices, favoring instead indemnity-type insurance that protects the policyholder from expenses by reimbursement (Jones & Bartlett, 2007). (studymoose.com)
Ironically, while the whole point of managed care was to reduce healthcare expenses in this country, insurance company executives have continued to earn grossly exorbitant salaries. (kevinmd.com)
The top executives working at the country's five biggest for-profit health insurance companies earned compensation of almost $200 million in 2009. (kevinmd.com)
Yes, people are specifically trained to deal with managed care, but often enough the insurance companies demand explanations from us that they simply won't accept from other staff. (kevinmd.com)
Health benefits and health insurance plans contain exclusions and limitations. (aetna.com)
AHP's don't have to follow the same rules as group health insurance plans. (whatifpost.com)
Group purchasing arrangement = An arrangement in which two or more employers or individuals purchase health insurance collectively, often through a common purchaser who acts for them. (whatifpost.com)
There are a number of different names for employer GPA's, including: Health Insurance Purchasing Coalitions, Employer Alliances, and Multiple Employer Welfare Arrangements. (whatifpost.com)
Other types of GPA's are Association Health Plans and health insurance Co-ops. (whatifpost.com)
Our particular focus was on the impact of health insurance on the development of the DSM. (bvsalud.org)
With social health insurance, entitlement is linked to a contribution made by, or on behalf of, specific individuals in the population. (who.int)
For this reason most social health insurance schemes combine different sources of funds, with government often contributing on behalf of people who cannot afford to pay themselves. (who.int)
In some countries, a mix of the two types of approach exists: part of the population is covered directly through general taxes, whereas other specific population groups are covered either by compulsory contributions to a social health insurance fund or by various types of voluntary health insurance. (who.int)

This includes implementing proper discharge teaching regarding signs and symptoms to seek medical attention, management and care of medical equipment, and access to community resources (4, 5). (bartleby.com)
Steven Jonas, a revered expert in public health, has enlisted his colleagues, Drs. Raymond and Karen Goldsteen, to add their expertise in public health and health policy and management to this outstanding volume. (google.jo)
She was also a research associate professor of Health Technology and Management in the Graduate Program in Public Health at Stony Brook University. (google.jo)
According to the CCMC, "the glossary of terms is a list of terms directly or indirectly related to the practice of case management compiled by members of CCMC's Exam and Research Committee…This list is not meant to be exhaustive. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
It is organized based on major aspects of case management practice. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
The strategic information management of e-resources is vital in any healthcare institution to promote awareness, allow the exchange of information, and provide cost-effective information technology [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
After decades of these demands, the government finally produced healthcare legislation that would, in theory, have assisted in the management and protection of the right to healthcare for every citizen of the United States. (studyresearchpapers.com)
1Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (Correspondence to S. (who.int)

Essentials of the U.S. health care system (2nd ed. (wikipedia.org)
This evidence-based-medicine approach has in the last few decades become a linchpin of the U. S. health-care system. (stanford.edu)
The goal of the Reimagining Residency grant program is to transform residency training to best address the workplace needs of our current and future health care system. (ama-assn.org)
Completely expanded and updated to account for the latest changes in the U.S. health care system, this best-selling text remains the most concise and balanced introduction to the domestic health care system. (google.jo)
All students of health care administration and policy, as well as practicing healthcare professionals who simply want a relatively brief overview of the system, will find it useful. (google.jo)
We describe a monitoring system operational in eastern Massachusetts, based on diagnoses obtained from electronic records of ambulatory-care encounters. (cdc.gov)
The system produces next-day information about illness clusters, based on ambulatory-care visits and telephone calls. (cdc.gov)
In this blog post, we are going to share a free PDF download of Jonas' Introduction to the U.S. Health Care System 7th Edition PDF using direct links. (technolily.net)
Now before that we move on to sharing the free PDF download of Jonas' Introduction to the U.S. Health Care System 7th Edition PDF with you, here are a few important details regarding this book which you might be interested. (technolily.net)
Today, in this article, we are going to share with you Jonas' Introduction to the U.S. Health Care System PDF for free using direct download links mentioned at the end of this article. (technolily.net)
But before that we proceed to the free PDF download of Jonas' Introduction to the U.S. Health Care System PDF, lets take a look into few of the important details regarding this book. (technolily.net)
There are many books on the U.S. healthcare system, but few have the longevity of this one. (technolily.net)
This best-selling textbook remains the most concise and balanced introduction to the United States health care system. (technolily.net)
It has been updated to offer insights into the 2010 health care reform bill and its resulting political and medical fallout, and a new chapter on health care system trends and consequences has been added. (technolily.net)
All students of health care administration and policy, as well as practicing health care professionals seeking a clear and concise overview of our health care system, will benefit from this resource. (technolily.net)
It also is known as a statistical system of classifying any inpatient stay into groups for the purposes of payment. (casemanagementstudyguide.com)
Cost, quality and access to care have been identified as significant contributing factors to the U.S. healthcare system overall. (studyresearchpapers.com)
The most notable of these legislations is the Affordable Healthcare Act, which was designed as a system to the right the wrongs of Medicaid. (studyresearchpapers.com)
In this way, the healthcare system can be said to be efficiently growing to be able to support each and every American. (studyresearchpapers.com)
The impact that Ms. Gordon's position has on the health care system is crucial. (antiessays.com)
households contribute to the health system on the basis of ability to pay. (who.int)
Financial contributions to the health system are raised in most countries from households and businesses, although external flows such as official assistance are an important source in many settings. (who.int)
In addition, these funds are sometimes used to finance specific programmes, more or less independent of efforts under way to build long-term sustainable financing systems and institutions for the health system as a whole. (who.int)
The first is use of general tax revenue as the main source of finance for risk pooling, a system also referred to as tax-funded health financing . (who.int)
Data from the 2001 to 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a representative state-based telephone survey of health behavior in US adults, was analyzed for 327,917 women of reproductive age, 18 to 44 years. (cdc.gov)

Building a diverse health workforce that better reflects the U.S. population requires removing barriers to higher education. (ama-assn.org)

We partner with leading health plans, employer groups, and unions to deliver hearing benefit solutions to their employees and members. (baschiazzurri.it)
As one of the first health policies in the U.S., indemnity plans are considered traditional health plans. (studymoose.com)
In 1947, the American Medical Association was walloped with an anti-trust violation for their efforts to limit physician involvement with group health plans. (kevinmd.com)
It is also ideally suited to employers looking for an affordable way to support their staff with medical care, and represents a practical add-on to existing cover for those with hospital plans, or whose day-to-day medical scheme benefits have run out," Akaloo explains. (netcare.co.za)
Some centralize more of the purchasing functions than others, including things like: risk pooling, price negotiation, choice of health plans offered to employees, and various administrative tasks. (whatifpost.com)

check also tag CHILD or specific HN - 2008 FX - Adolescent Nutrition FX - Infant Nutrition DH - Maternal Nutrition DI - 052505 MN - SP6.021.072 MS - Nutrition of a mother which affects the health of the INFANT as well as herself. (bvsalud.org)

A. All Vermonters have a compelling personal interest in having physical and affordable access to the information and preventive care necessary to allow them to lead healthy lives. (snellingcenter.org)

If more information is needed the staff of the Ambulatory Care Statistics Branch can be consulted by calling (301) 436-7132 during regular working hours. (cdc.gov)
If you would like more information, do not hesitate to consult the staff of the Ambulatory Care Statistics Branch. (cdc.gov)
Surveillance systems based in ambulatory-care settings, particularly those based on automated medical records, may therefore provide worthwhile additional information. (cdc.gov)

As one of the nation's leading diversified health care benefits companies, Aetna provides people with information and resources to help them make better informed decisions about their health care - and the financial side of health care. (aetna.com)

Consequently, acute care units are pressured to vacate hospital beds in response to the growing elderly population. (bartleby.com)
Proper discharge planning can decrease the chances of a hospital readmit, help in recovery, ensure medications are prescribed and given correctly, and adequately prepare family or caregivers to assume proper post discharge care. (bartleby.com)
(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 144.56, for the purpose of hospital licensure, the commissioner of health shall use as minimum standards the hospital certification regulations promulgated pursuant to Title XVIII of the Social Security Act, United States Code, title 42, section 1395, et. (mn.gov)
The commissioner may use as minimum standards changes in the federal hospital certification regulations promulgated after May 7, 1981 if the commissioner finds that such changes are reasonably necessary to protect public health and safety. (mn.gov)
Widespread adoption of prepaid forms of hospitalization make present hospital facilities antiquated. (payette.com)
We have not yet figured out how to use them to be able to do what I call shift care left: move from the hospital to an outpatient site, the outpatient site to the office, the office to the home. (modernhealthcare.com)
He has facilitated various joint ventures, partnerships, and collaborative initiatives between health care providers and purchasers, working within the community hospital, university medical center, and managed care settings. (khcollaborative.org)
Overview of Meaningful Use Managing and documenting through health information technology (HIT) and electronic hospital records (EHRs) allow improvement in the quality of care that we provide each patient. (antiessays.com)
Extending care into our local communities is the ethos of what we do, and what we stand for, and it goes far beyond our hospital doors. (vcahospitals.com)

On December 1, the Kentuckiana Health Collaborative will bring together national and local experts to examine the results of the 2020 study, what they mean for our region, and how we can make healthcare more affordable. (khcollaborative.org)

D. SAMPLE DESIGN The 1994 NAMCS utilized a multistage probability design that involved probability samples of primary sampling units (PSU's), physician practices within PSU's, and patient visits within practices. (cdc.gov)

624.436 - 624.45 , or any fraternal benefit society providing health benefits to its members as authorized pursuant to chapter 632. (flsenate.gov)

In turn, this created a more fluid and acceptable means to provide affordable healthcare to the masses at much lower costs than individual means could provide and allow. (studyresearchpapers.com)
By developing greater efficiency of practice, Atrius Health intends both to improve the quality of care a physician can provide and to explicitly return some personal time to the physician's day. (ama-assn.org)
Medicare OTC, or Over-the-Counter, is a program designed to provide eligible Medicare beneficiaries with access to a wide range of health-related products without the need for a prescription. (baschiazzurri.it)
NetcarePlus GP Vouchers provide a viable new way for persons who are not members of medical schemes to gain access to quality private medical care. (netcare.co.za)
Group Model HMO = An HMO that contracts with a single multi-specialty medical group to provide care to the HMO's membership. (whatifpost.com)
Franklin County Caring Communities provide coordination of prevention partnerships in our community. (healthvermont.gov)
and to use these contributions to provide or purchase effective health interventions. (who.int)

The federal HMO Act amended the Public Health Service Act, which Congress passed in 1944. (wikipedia.org)
He was also founding director of the Graduate Program in Public Health and professor of Preventive Medicine in the School of Medicine at Stony Brook University. (google.jo)
He is a coauthor of Introduction to Public Health, now in its second edition, and many peer-reviewed publications in health and health care. (google.jo)
Karen Goldsteen, PhD, MPH, is an Affiliated Public Health Faculty member in the Program in Public Health at Stony Brook University. (google.jo)
She was awarded her MPH degree from Columbia University School of Public Health and her PhD in Community Health from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. (google.jo)
Rapid identification of unusual clusters of acute illness in the general population is a fundamental challenge for public health surveillance (1) . (cdc.gov)
He is co-author of Introduction to Public Health , now in its second edition. (technolily.net)
In pursuing this work, we held 16 regular commission meetings and numerous other hearings and meetings (including some on Vermont Interactive Television) to obtain testimony from care and coverage professionals, from employers, employees and their advocates, from consumers and their advocates, and from the general public. (snellingcenter.org)
Dr. Peter Ward, Professor of Public Affairs and Sociology at the University of Texas at Austin, writes about this in his article, Self-Help Housing Ideas and Practice in the Americas , published in Planning Ideas That Matter: Livability, Territoriality, Governance, and Reflective Practice (The MIT Press, 2012). (payette.com)
Saleh: [email protected]). 2Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon. (who.int)
in other words, the have always been expected to operate tify more efficient and effective payment compensation of public payers is merely within uncertain financial environ- techniques to enhance the care process covering the variable costs of the health- ments. (who.int)

Finally, it provides an insightful look at the prospects for health care reform. (google.jo)
Examine the impact of current healthcare reform, such as the Affordable Care Act, on this factor. (studyresearchpapers.com)
Since 2010, Bob has worked with the Colorado Business Group on Health on piloting payment reform and promoting value-based purchasing in Colorado. (khcollaborative.org)

Last January, The Governor's Bipartisan Commission on Health Care Availability and Affordability was created by executive order. (snellingcenter.org)
A. On January 24, 2001, Governor Howard Dean issued an executive order establishing a Special Governor's Bipartisan Commission on Health Care Availability and Affordability. (snellingcenter.org)
Healthcare affordability affects us all. (khcollaborative.org)

Numerous resources are typically available to healthcare institutions to allow the sharing of information with employees. (biomedcentral.com)

Highmark Wholecare offers a 90-day supply of select generic medications for diabetes, asthma, cholesterol, blood pressure, mental health and more. (baschiazzurri.it)
INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a period of major transition in physical, cognitive, social and emotional development, and the peak time for the onset of mental health conditions, substance use disorders and sexual and reproductive health risks. (bvsalud.org)
Our primary outcome will be the annual rate of risk behaviours and health conditions recorded in the patient electronic health record (eg, alcohol/drug use, sexual activity and mental health issues). (bvsalud.org)
People with mental health problems are more likely to experience problems due to gambling, an intersection of two sources of social disadvantage. (bvsalud.org)
Analysing if choices while gambling differ for people with mental health problems, and whether these differences involve characteristics linked with gambling harms, can improve this understanding. (bvsalud.org)
This study uses a Discrete Choice Experiment to analyse people's choices while gambling, and if these differ for people with mental health problems. (bvsalud.org)
People with mental health problems had (i) a lower preference for betting on races with information about horses' recent form and (ii) preferred betting on horses with higher odds. (bvsalud.org)
These are two gambling characteristics linked with problems due to gambling and are plausible mechanisms by which people with mental health problems may be more likely to develop problems due to gambling. (bvsalud.org)

This article continues the account by describing how local providers organized in response to these initiatives, elected their own slate to the local HSA board, and caused consumers to reconsider their participation in health planning. (dukeupress.edu)
Franklin and Grand Isle Counties are engaged in collaborative initiatives and capacity-building efforts that rally community partners to join forces in making long-term changes that build a culture of health for the whole community. (healthvermont.gov)

Bunker, professor emeritus of anesthesia and of health research and policy, was best-known for initiating the first epidemiologic study of surgical mortality, and for leading the study group that produced the landmark book Costs, Risks and Benefits of Surgery . (stanford.edu)
Costs per member are now $22 higher up front but are also $115 lower overall annually, because of reductions in ER visits and other care. (hbr.org)
Take our survey and download "How Not to Cut Health Care Costs" as a thank you. (hbr.org)
To talk with employers and others concerned with rising health care costs and access to health care. (snellingcenter.org)
To identify ways we can achieve the dual goals of controlling costs and guaranteeing universal health care access. (snellingcenter.org)
For example, the cost minimization analysis, which measures two different therapeutic alternatives for efficacy to determine which one is cheaper to use from the healthcare costs (Bindman, Pronovost, & Asch, 2018). (essaysexperts.net)
The backlash really caught up in the late 90's, when US per capita spending started to rise again, despite the mission of managed care to reduce heath care costs. (kevinmd.com)
National Health Service (NHS) costs calculated. (bmj.com)
In the UK treatments for asthma and other allergic disorders account for more than 10% of all primary care prescribing costs [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

HealthCare Options managed the Employers Forum of Indiana from 2001 until 2015 and was one of the organizers of Quality Health First of Indiana. (khcollaborative.org)

The new NetcarePlus GP Vouchers can potentially open doors to millions more South Africans, not only to curative private primary care during illness but also for preventative care, which establishes a strong foundation for maintaining better health over the long-term. (netcare.co.za)
Universal coverage is defined as access to key promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative health interventions for all at an affordable cost, thereby achieving equity in access . (who.int)

The health care visionaries who founded Group Health Cooperative in Seattle in 1945 were activists in the farmers' grange movement, the union movement, and the consumer cooperative movement. (historylink.org)
This is Part 7 of a seven part history of Group Health Cooperative. (historylink.org)

If employers have access to the information on prices needed to be better-informed customers, they can do a better job shopping for healthcare on behalf of their employees. (khcollaborative.org)

E-health and m-health are both online and offline computer-based applications that are used to stimulate positive health behaviors. (essaysexperts.net)
Given the prevalence of these behaviors in the World, the WHO and the 58th World Health Assembly Resolution on Cancer Prevention and Control has urged Member States to develop and reinforce cancer control programs to prioritize tumors and risk factors. (medscape.com)

This last sentence is a sober reminder that universal healthcare has been discussed and debated in the US for the better part of the past 100 years, making the passage of the Affordable Care Act, flawed as it may be, that much more remarkable. (payette.com)

Indeed, Bunker was at the forefront of the drive to inform clinical practice with thorough external data reviews, encouraging practitioners to supplement their individual expertise with knowledge of systematic research. (stanford.edu)
All information pertaining to individual medical records obtained under this section shall be considered health data under section 13.38. (mn.gov)
Data were collected as a total percentage of the whole groups, without stratification of the different professions. (biomedcentral.com)
Most of the wearables simply create data and aggregate it or send it to a physician, neither of which advances clinical care. (modernhealthcare.com)

2. The House Speaker subsequently appointed Representatives Thomas F. Koch, R-Barre Town, who is chair of the Health and Welfare Committee, and Frank M. Mazur, R-South Burlington, who is vice-chair of the Appropriations Committee. (snellingcenter.org)

Diseases1

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Psychiatry and Psychology12

Phenomena and Processes2

Disciplines and Occupations17

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena17

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Humanities2

Information Science9

Named Groups8

Health Care153

Geographicals10

Physicians29

Kaiser Permanente7

Organization17

Organizations8

Hospitals9

Services38

Outcomes13

Centers3

Patient's4

20241

Patients23

Determinant of health1

Clinics6

Widely3

Expenditures2

Plan8

Expenditure1

Determinants2

Private practice2

HMOs1

Person's health2

Patient Care5

Intermountain Healthcare2

Clinic3

General practitioners1

Secondary1

Insurance23

Management8

System25

Workforce1

Plans5

Maternal1

Preventive care1

Ambulatory3

Nation's1

Hospital9

20201

Physician practices1

Chapter1

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Public11

Reform3

Affordability3

Typically1

Mental8

Initiatives2

Costs9

20011

Curative2

Cooperative2

Employers1

Behaviors2

Affordable Care Act1

Data4

Welfare1