Head injuries or concussions. Medical search. Frequent questions

Concussions occur with or without loss of consciousness, but the vast majority occurs without loss of consciousness. (wa.gov)
Patients who lost consciousness during injury obtained test scores similar to persons who experienced disorientation or confusion but no loss of consciousness. (bmj.com)
3) Immediate removal from a game, practice, or other activity of any participant who is suspected of having a concussion or exhibits signs, symptoms, or behaviors consistent with a concussion, such as loss of consciousness, headache, dizziness, confusion, or balance problems. (nasbe.org)
Any head trauma associated with a loss of consciousness is a concussion. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
A severe concussion commonly causes a loss of consciousness, but milder injuries may not be apparent until several hours or days after the initial head trauma. (standavislaw.com)
Where there is a head injury, but no loss of consciousness, an on-field or touchline assessment will take place using the Pocket Concussion Recognition Tool (Pocket CRT). (thefa.com)
He sustained a concussion with brief loss of consciousness, multiple facial bone fractures, and a trimalleolar fracture of his leg. (cdc.gov)
A concussion may involve a loss of consciousness, can occur without obvious damage to brain structures, and lasts less than 6 hours. (msdmanuals.com)

The symptoms of a concussion are usually temporary. (medlineplus.gov)
So, it's important to keep watching for signs and symptoms of a concussion for a day or two after a head injury. (medlineplus.gov)

A new study, published in the journal Pediatrics , found that girls who play high school soccer are at nearly the same risk for traumatic brain injuries as boys who play high school football. (forbes.com)
Although injuries to the head represent a small proportion of all sport injuries, they are of great concern due to their potential long-term consequences, which are even suspected in mild traumatic brain injuries. (springer.com)
Traumatic brain injuries are caused by a rapid acceleration or deceleration of the head causing the brain to move inside the skull. (slackdavis.com)
Motorcyclists are particularly at risk for concussions and traumatic brain injuries because they lack the protective shell of a car. (standavislaw.com)
Punch drunk isn't just a throwaway term for over the hill fighters, it's often the result of traumatic brain injuries. (mmamania.com)
Debate current issues related to the recognition, assessment, and management of activity-related traumatic brain injuries. (atsu.edu)
See Pediatric Concussion and Other Traumatic Brain Injuries , a Critical Images slideshow, to help identify the signs and symptoms of TBI, determine the type and severity of injury, and initiate appropriate treatment. (medscape.com)

Researchers have known for several years that female athletes experience higher rates of concussion than their male counterparts. (forbes.com)
Prospective cohort studies on the incidence of concussion in elite athletes aged 17 years or older that were published in an English-language peer-reviewed journal since 2000 were included. (springer.com)
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes: progressive tauopathy after repetitive head injury. (springer.com)
McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH, Kutcher JS, Jordan BD, Gardner A. What is the evidence for chronic concussion-related changes in retired athletes: behavioural, pathological and clinical outcomes? (springer.com)
The legislature recognizes that, despite having generally recognized return to play standards for concussion and head injury, some affected youth athletes are prematurely returned to play resulting in actual or potential physical injury or death to youth athletes in the state of Washington. (wa.gov)
2) Each school district's board of directors shall work in concert with the Washington interscholastic activities association to develop the guidelines and other pertinent information and forms to inform and educate coaches, youth athletes, and their parents and/or guardians of the nature and risk of concussion and head injury including continuing to play after concussion or head injury. (wa.gov)
High school cheerleaders, like Catherine Vick from Paw Paw High School in Michigan, are among the most likely student-athletes to suffer a concussion. (coachad.com)
A recent story from the University of Michigan detailed how the university's concussion center is helping high school athletes with head safety. (coachad.com)
Vick's coaches earned the Michigan Sports-Related Concussion Training Certificate, developed by the University of Michigan Concussion Center to satisfy a state-mandated requirement for concussion training for all coaches and volunteers working with Michigan High School Athletic Association athletes. (coachad.com)
The training course provides practical, up-to-date concussion knowledge for athletes, parents, coaches, and others involved in youth sports. (coachad.com)
Broglio said that as many as 10% of high school athletes will sustain a concussion during their time as an athlete. (coachad.com)
According to a new study, an estimated 1.6-3.5 million sports-related brain injuries occur in the U.S. each year, 136,000 of which occur in young athletes during their participation in high-school sports. (queencityhealthcenter.com)
One in 10 high school athletes who play contact sports will suffer a concussion this year. (queencityhealthcenter.com)
The journal of integrative health care states, "therapies offered by chiropractors benefit the athletes that have sustained sports-related concussions. (queencityhealthcenter.com)
Camarillo's lab has used the mouthguard technology in Stanford athletes to understand which motions inside the brain contribute most to concussion. (stanford.edu)
Some concussion tests are designed for sports coaches or trainers to use with athletes of all ages who have hurt their heads playing sports. (medlineplus.gov)
Athletes, including student athletes, may have a routine concussion test at the start of the sports season even when they haven't had a brain injury. (medlineplus.gov)
Baseline concussion tests are mostly done on athletes who play contacts sports that have a high risk for concussion, such as football and hockey. (medlineplus.gov)
Require all student athletes to view the Illinois High School Association's video about concussions. (sharpschool.com)
A 2003 report by the Center for the Study of Retired Athletes at the University of North Carolina, for example, found a connection between numerous concussions and depression among former professional football players. (wikipedia.org)
Because of the risk of injury and the subsequent need for pain management, student athletes may be at risk for opioid misuse. (cohassetk12.org)
It's been shown that women athletes are more likely to get a concussion, they tend to have longer recovery periods," McKee added. (ushsho.com)
Navy student-athletes are part of an ongoing concussion study being conducted by the joint NCAA-DOD CARE Consortium (Photo by Navy Chief Petty Officer Diana Quinlan, Navy Recruiting Command). (health.mil)
Since 2014, the Department of Defense and the NCAA have been working together as part of the NCAA-DOD Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium , which brought over thirty colleges and universities together, including the four military service academies, to conduct the largest research study of its type to better understand the effects of concussions and repetitive head impact exposure on the brain health of student-athletes. (health.mil)
He was a long distance runner when he was 14, and he returned to the field to actually compete in the US Junior Olympic Track and Field after going through some injuries earlier in life, and now he helps a lot with athletes. (bengreenfieldlife.com)
He helps athletes get back to the competitive field after injury, and one of the things like I mentioned that he specializes in is concussions. (bengreenfieldlife.com)
Athletes who have had concussions should return to play gradually, after specific steps in their rehabilitation. (msdmanuals.com)
Traumatic brain injury in high school athletes. (medscape.com)
Pieter W, Zemper ED. Head and neck injuries in young taekwondo athletes. (medscape.com)
With tau levels, this correlation with thalamic volume raises the question whether we could measure tau overtime in active athletes or military and could that be an indicator of accumulating brain injury. (medscape.com)
OBJECTIVES: To examine level of play (LOP) as a risk factor for concussion severity and recovery-related outcomes among high school athletes, stratified by sex, and among boys, by sport (football, non-football male sports). (cdc.gov)
Trend analyses revealed an increase in the number of concussion symptoms between 2015-2016 and 2018-2019, a decrease between 2009-2010 and 2018-2019 for SRT of less than 1 week, and an increase between 2014-2015 and 2018-2019 for RTP of less than 1 week among Varsity football athletes. (cdc.gov)

4) A youth athlete who has been removed from play may not return to play until the athlete is evaluated by a licensed health care provider trained in the evaluation and management of concussion and receives written clearance to return to play from that health care provider. (wa.gov)
Summary of evidence-based guideline update: Evaluation and management of concussion in sports: Report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. (medscape.com)

Any activity that can result in injury to the head can lead to a concussion. (healthychildren.org)
It might take several cumulative smaller hits to lead to a concussion. (stanford.edu)

RCW 28A.600.190: Youth sports-Concussion and head injury guidelines-Injured athlete restrictions-Short title. (wa.gov)
Youth sports - Concussion and head injury guidelines - Injured athlete restrictions - Short title. (wa.gov)
c) Continuing to play with a concussion or symptoms of head injury leaves the young athlete especially vulnerable to greater injury and even death. (wa.gov)
On a yearly basis, a concussion and head injury information sheet shall be signed and returned by the youth athlete and the athlete's parent and/or guardian prior to the youth athlete's initiating practice or competition. (wa.gov)
3) A youth athlete who is suspected of sustaining a concussion or head injury in a practice or game shall be removed from competition at that time. (wa.gov)
Preventing an athlete from returning to play while he or she still has symptoms from a concussion and following the guidelines for concussion management may help avert a catastrophic outcome. (medscape.com)
The AAN recommends caution and protection first: If an athlete is suspected of having a concussion or closed head injury, then first remove the athlete from practice or competition, and do not allow return to play until he or she is evaluated by a physician with experience in treating concussions and cleared for return. (medscape.com)
Coaches and healthcare professionals need to know how to prevent SIS by not allowing the athlete to return to play while he or she is still recovering from a previous head injury. (medscape.com)
Steven Broglio, director of the U-M Concussion Center, said the partnership with the MHSAA started five years ago to help erase some of the misinformation about concussions, with the ultimate goal of protecting athlete health and well-being. (coachad.com)
Some kids are having concussions we know about, and others may have events that are sub-concussive or that the athlete doesn't report. (stanford.edu)
The long-term risks are much greater if an athlete has a second brain injury before the first has healed. (stanford.edu)
1) An athlete who is suspected of sustaining a concussion or head injury in an athletic activity shall be immediately removed from the athletic activity for the remainder of the day, and shall not be permitted to return to the athletic activity until he or she is evaluated by a licensed health care provider. (nasbe.org)
If the licensed health care provider determines that the athlete sustained a concussion or a head injury, the athlete shall also complete a graduated return-to-play protocol of no less than seven days in duration under the supervision of a licensed health care provider. (nasbe.org)
Later on, if the athlete has a head injury, a provider can compare the baseline test results with the results of a concussion test done after the injury. (medlineplus.gov)
In 1906, a Harvard student-athlete died from a head injury and the team doctors released a report titled "The Physical Aspect of American Football" in the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal describing the type, severity, and number of injuries the team sustained in the 1905 season. (wikipedia.org)
Irlen Spectral Filters are doing that for our head injury clients, whether they are military, professional athlete, student, or adult accident victim. (irlen.com)

The centers for disease control and prevention estimates that as many as three million nine hundred thousand sports-related and recreation-related concussions occur in the United States each year. (wa.gov)
Concussions can occur in any organized or unorganized sport or recreational activity and can result from a fall or from players colliding with each other, the ground, or with obstacles. (wa.gov)
The dramatic difference seen in football has sparked debate about equipment and rule changes in soccer because a significant number of concussions are now known to occur when players hit the ball with their head. (medscape.com)
These symptoms often start right after the injury, but in some cases, it can take up to a few days for them to occur. (healthychildren.org)
According to reports from the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Sports Medicine Concussion Program, "between 1.7 and 3 million sports and recreation-related concussions occur every year. (queencityhealthcenter.com)
We're eager to better understand how these injuries occur on the field. (stanford.edu)
So, while whiplash is not technically a concussion, these two conditions often occur together. (standavislaw.com)
Concussions occur when the head is subject to a large impact force, resulting in a minor brain injury. (wikipedia.org)
Surprisingly, Rauch said, data shows that many service members' head injuries actually occur in situations outside of combat. (health.mil)
With respect to head injuries within the military, not only do we think about the deployed force, such as in Afghanistan and Iraq, but a lot of our head injuries occur in garrison or in training," he said. (health.mil)
Head injuries frequently occur in American football and other contact sports. (cdc.gov)
Postconcussion syndrome refers to certain symptoms that sometimes occur for up to a few weeks after a concussion. (msdmanuals.com)

The prestigious Mayo Clinic breaks down the differences between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and concussions, and moderate to severe brain injury. (slackdavis.com)
A concussion is also called a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). (medlineplus.gov)
The NFL first began to review the subject formally in 1994, then NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue approved the creation of the Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI) Committee with the stated goal of studying the effects of concussions and sub-concussive injury in NFL players. (wikipedia.org)
Other organizations continued to publish study results that linked repeated concussions and long-term health problems contrary to reports by the MTBI Committee. (wikipedia.org)
BACKGROUND: Current guidelines recommend healthcare professionals avoid routine use of neuroimaging for diagnosing mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). (cdc.gov)
3. Confirmed medical diagnosis of concussion/mTBI from a study investigator within 24 hours or less of the injury event. (who.int)

Repeated concussions or a severe concussion may require surgery or cause lifelong complications with mobility, learning or speaking. (standavislaw.com)

Equipment and rule changes have significantly reduced the number and severity of head injuries in American football over the last 25 years. (medscape.com)
The symptoms of a TBI vary depending on the severity of the injury, and the part of the brain which is affected. (slackdavis.com)
The results indicate that minor head injury patients who report post-concussive symptoms possess measurable neuropsychological deficits and the severity of these deficits is independent of neurological status immediately following injury. (bmj.com)
New testing methods could help you determine the severity of your child's injury with greater accuracy. (maryalexanderlaw.com)
Melvin not sure of severity of Crisp's injury but same one he has had before this year. (athleticsnation.com)

Aging, a history of concussion, and pre-existing neurological disorder are some aspects that may interfere together with your recovery from concussion. (saferpainmanagement.com)

Headache or "pressure" in head. (cdc.gov)
The most common concussion symptom is headache. (stanford.edu)
It is estimated that 20% of patients with head trauma will suffer postconcussive symptoms (impaired memory and concentration, persistent headache, fatigue, mood and sleep disturbances, and dizziness). (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Concussion symptoms reminiscent of headache, nausea, and vomiting may require symptomatic therapy. (saferpainmanagement.com)
For instance, a headache from a concussion is treated with pain relievers reminiscent of acetaminophen. (saferpainmanagement.com)
It's essential to say here that you should not take painkillers like ibuprofen to your concussion headache because it may possibly increase the chance of bleeding. (saferpainmanagement.com)
If you're worried your kid might have a concussion, it's important to monitor her for 72 hours for any of the common symptoms, including headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, seeming "out of it," irritability, emotional changes and physical imbalance. (todaysparent.com)
INTRODUCTION: Post-traumatic headache secondary to mild traumatic brain injury in patients has become an important factor in their prognosis. (bvsalud.org)
The purpose of this meta-analysis protocol is to investigate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of headache secondary to mild traumatic brain injury. (bvsalud.org)
IMPLICATIONS: Subjects with tension-type headache exhibit concomitant neck pain, cervical spine sensitivity, forward head posture, limited cervical range of motion, positive flexion-rotation test and also cervical motor control disturbances. (bvsalud.org)

1)(a) Concussions are one of the most commonly reported injuries in children and adolescents who participate in sports and recreational activities. (wa.gov)
Clinical report--sport-related concussion in children and adolescents. (medscape.com)

I knew from my experience that, once the brain bleed was ruled out, he'd likely be fine with a little (or a lot) of rest and time as long as he didn't sustain a second concussion before his brain healed (second-impact syndrome - problems caused when a person has a second concussion before being healed from an initial concussion - can be catastrophic). (civtrial.com)
But the key is having a baseline -- knowing what your cognitive abilities and processing are BEFORE you sustain a concussion. (civtrial.com)
According to Brain Line , 2.8 million people sustain a traumatic brain injury each year. (slackdavis.com)
Recent studies have concluded that most individuals who sustain minor head injury are free of persistent neuropsychological dysfunction. (bmj.com)
However, even if your head hits nothing, you may still sustain a concussion from a car accident if you suffer whiplash. (standavislaw.com)
Moreover, according to Pasquina, "many of the service members that sustain a blast injury have a prior history of playing contact sports or even sustaining previous concussion. (health.mil)
Rodeos are popular sporting events in the southern and western United States, and bull riders sustain 37% of all rodeo-related injuries -- more than participants in any other rodeo event (1,2). (cdc.gov)

Each student and the student's parent/guardian shall be required to sign a concussion information form each school year before participating in an interscholastic athletic activity. (sharpschool.com)

So, these tests usually aren't needed to diagnose a concussion. (medlineplus.gov)
To diagnose a concussion, doctors need to make sure brain structures are not damaged. (msdmanuals.com)

The main treatment for concussion is to cut back on physical and mental activities for a while. (healthychildren.org)

King D, Brughelli M, Hume P, Gissane C. Assessment, management and knowledge of sport-related concussion: systematic review. (springer.com)
Advances in sport concussion assessment: from behavioral to brain imaging measures. (springer.com)
ImPACT (Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing) is a widely-used and scientifically validated computerized concussion evaluation system. (civtrial.com)
Because of the number of symptoms a concussion can have, your doctor might use a special questionnaire like the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT5). (healthychildren.org)
Some doctors may use computerized tools to help evaluate patients with concussion such as the King Devick or the ImPACT test (Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing), although they are not yet widely available. (healthychildren.org)
Physical examination should include detailed head and neck assessment for crepitus/deformity, bruising (e.g., the Battle sign), blood or fluid leakage [e.g., cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak], and tenderness. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
The graduate certificate in sports neurology and concussion is an online program providing advanced instruction in the diagnosis, assessment, treatment, and management of patients with sport-related concussion and neurological injuries. (atsu.edu)
Analyze current concepts regarding the assessment, management, and referral of patients with comorbid disorders who suffer activity-related traumatic brain injury. (atsu.edu)
Meehan WP 3rd, d'Hemecourt P, Collins CL, Comstock RD. Assessment and management of sport-related concussions in United States high schools. (medscape.com)

Neuropsychological deficits in symptomatic minor head injury patients after concussion and mild concussion. (bmj.com)
Neuropsychological deficits in patients with minor head injury after concussion and mild concussion. (bmj.com)
I'm on this website seeking how to best care for my teen who has a mild concussion. (brainline.org)

This tool helps guide your doctor through a standard neurological examination and figure out how severe the concussion is. (healthychildren.org)
The same year, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) reported a statistically significant increase in the risk of neurological disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in retired football players, which furthered public knowledge about the risk of long-term neurocognitive disease related to repeated head impacts. (wikipedia.org)
More research needs to be done to see how these may be used to monitor traumatic brain injury and the neurological consequences over time," said Dr Bernick. (medscape.com)
Safety and tolerability[These will be determined by reported adverse events (AEs), physical and neurological examinations (including EEG, neurocognitive tests, SCAT5), clinical laboratory tests, vital sign measurements, and ECGs and blood biomarkers of neural injury. (who.int)

1. The Cornell accident records were reexamined to establish the frequency of brain concussion as a function of windshield damage. (sae.org)
Note that Mild Traumatic Brain Injury was added as an Entry Term to Brain Concussion. (bvsalud.org)

People who have had a concussion also seem to be more susceptible to another one, particularly if the new injury occurs before symptoms from the previous concussion have completely gone away. (msdmanuals.com)

Contributions of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to sport concussion evaluation. (medscape.com)

Cale Makar has suffered his second concussion in as many weeks, joining the long list of injuries for the Colorado Avalanche . (yahoo.com)

Second-impact syndrome is a rare, potentially life-threatening event that results when a second impact occurs before complete recovery from the initial concussion. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)

Watching it, one thing that stood out to me was something that we see in our practice (and which the science backs up), and that is, once you have had a concussion (or multiple concussions), it takes a smaller impact to re-injure the brain. (seonewswire.net)
Dementia puglistica (ataxia, pyramidal tract dysfunction, tremor, impaired memory, dysarthria, and behavioral changes) is a chronic brain injury that results from multiple concussions. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Multiple concussions are even more dangerous, and can cause lifelong impairment, severe depression and more. (standavislaw.com)
Full contact sports like football place players at an increased risk for concussions and possibly multiple concussions. (standavislaw.com)

Children and teens who show or report one or more of the signs and symptoms listed below, or simply say they just "don't feel right" after a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body, may have a concussion or more serious brain injury. (cdc.gov)
Signs and symptoms generally show up soon after the injury. (cdc.gov)
You should continue to check for signs of concussion right after the injury and a few days after the injury. (cdc.gov)
If your child or teen's concussion signs or symptoms get worse, you should take him or her to the emergency department right away. (cdc.gov)
There's still a lot of misinformation around concussion - what the signs and symptoms are, how to best manage the injury," said Broglio, who also is a professor of kinesiology in the School of Kinesiology, and adjunct professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation and of neurology in the Medical School. (coachad.com)
But some signs and symptoms usually show up right away after the injury and others may appear hours or days later. (medlineplus.gov)
But a CT or MRI scan of the brain may be done if there are signs of a more serious brain injury, such as bleeding in the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
There are often no visible signs of a concussion and a swift diagnosis can help prevent more severe symptoms. (standavislaw.com)
What Are the Signs & Symptoms of a Head Injury? (kidshealth.org)
If you notice any of these signs, or if your kid fell from a height of more than three feet, hit her head in a car accident, has a "goose egg" bump or has any bleeding from the head, ears or nose, see your doctor. (todaysparent.com)
Sports-Related Concussion A concussion is a temporary change in brain function after a head injury without any signs of brain damage on imaging tests, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (msdmanuals.com)

Other gender differences like hormones and cerebral blood flow are also thought to contribute to girls' and women's greater incidence of head injury. (forbes.com)
The aim of this review was to compare the incidence of concussions and other head injuries in elite level football, rugby, ice hockey and American Football. (springer.com)
Intention-to-treat results indicated unclear effects of trial arm on overall match injury incidence (rate ratio (RR)=0.85, 90% confidence limits 0.61 to 1.17), although clear reductions were evident in the intervention arm for concussion incidence (RR=0.71, 0.48 to 1.05). (bmj.com)
When trial arm comparisons were limited to teams who had completed three or more weekly programme sessions on average, clear reductions in overall match injury incidence (RR=0.28, 0.14 to 0.51) and concussion incidence (RR=0.41, 0.17 to 0.99) were noted in the intervention group. (bmj.com)
During 1994-1995 in Louisiana, five cases of central nervous system trauma associated with riding bulls in rodeo events were identified through the Louisiana Central Nervous System Injury Registry, a statewide, population-based surveillance system addressing brain and spinal cord injury incidence, etiology, and outcome. (cdc.gov)
Boden BP, Kirkendall DT, Garrett WE Jr. Concussion incidence in elite college soccer players. (medscape.com)
Ruhe A, Gansslen A, Klein W. The incidence of concussion in professional and collegiate ice hockey: are we making progress? (medscape.com)

A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that temporarily disrupts normal brain function. (healthychildren.org)
A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head, whiplash, a fall or other accident that shakes the brain inside the skull. (standavislaw.com)
They are a type of traumatic brain injury that affects how the brain works. (todaysparent.com)
Rosenfield says when he's explaining a concussion diagnosis to parents, he emphasizes that although a concussion is the mildest type of traumatic brain injury, it is still a brain injury and needs to be taken seriously. (todaysparent.com)

Recently many states, schools, and sports leagues and organizations have created policies or action plans on concussion in youth and high school sports. (cdc.gov)
Who is more likely to suffer a concussion playing high school sports, a female soccer player or a male football player? (forbes.com)
Data from the National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance was examined, and 9542 concussions in high school sports were studied. (forbes.com)
More recent research suggests that girls took longer than boys to seek help from a sports medicine expert, and this could help explain why girls' concussion symptoms persist longer. (forbes.com)
Future research should focus on concussion in women's contact sports, as there is little evidence available in this area. (springer.com)
American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement: concussion in sport. (springer.com)
The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) has issued a brief position statement on sports concussion. (medscape.com)
Sports-related concussion is an important and complex issue, but it is not a new phenomenon. (taylorfrancis.com)
Meehan and Bachur (2009) traced early forms of sports-related concussion to 776 B.C. in the sports of wrestling and fist fighting. (taylorfrancis.com)
The physical risks of contact and collision sports (Luntz, 1980) and challenges of managing injuries (Mitten, 1993), particularly return-to-play or practice decisions, are reoccurring themes across sport, across jurisdictions and across disciplines. (taylorfrancis.com)
However, the recent growth of public awareness regarding sports-related concussion - fuelled by litigation, concussion-related deaths and links to long-term degenerative brain disease - raises questions about the adequacy of the decisions made by rule-makers, including their roles, responsibilities and assessments of risk. (taylorfrancis.com)
With that being said, the decision of whether to send your child back to athletic activities is a different question altogether - especially if there is a risk that they could suffer more concussions while engaging in sports. (maryalexanderlaw.com)
This post discusses how chiropractic care can help treat sports-related concussions and speed up the body's healing and recovery process. (queencityhealthcenter.com)
For a sports-related head injury, please call the OHSU Concussion Clinic at 503-494-1950 to make an appointment. (ohsu.edu)
Millions of sports-related mild brain injuries, or concussions, happen in the U.S. each year. (childnexus.com)
Usually, the stories just relate to my sports passion, but in light of David Ash's retirement from football due to his repeated concussions, the LHN ran a great piece that talked with three former UT players about their battles with concussions. (seonewswire.net)
If you have any interest in head injuries, concussions or sports, I highly recommend the story below. (seonewswire.net)
As kids and parents prepare for summer sports, Stanford neurosurgeon Gerald Grant , MD, thinks it's important for them to know what to do if a child or teen shows concussion symptoms. (stanford.edu)
He treats children and teens with concussions and is conducting research to understand how brain injuries happen during high-impact sports so we can prevent them. (stanford.edu)
Concussion remains the most common type of sports-related head injury and is the focus of this chapter. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
The injury risk in youth rugby has received attention in the mainstream public and sports medicine literature 1 2 and has prioritised the formulation of appropriate preventive measures. (bmj.com)
3 Musculoskeletal injuries and concussion are prominent reasons for time loss from sport for adolescent rugby players, 4 5 and significant youth sports injuries, in general, have been implicated in long-term disability and compromised quality of later life. (bmj.com)
6 7 Conditioning the musculoskeletal system to tolerate external forces, through enhancing strength and movement control, has been advocated as means of reducing musculoskeletal injury risk, as indicated by a growing evidence base that supports using multifaceted preventive exercise programmes to reduce musculoskeletal injury risk across male sports such as basketball 8 and soccer. (bmj.com)
The Board shall approve school-specific emergency action plans as specified in the Youth Sports Concussion Safety Act for interscholastic athletic activities to address the serious injuries and acute medical conditions in which a student's condition may deteriorate rapidly. (sharpschool.com)
The purpose of the program is to prepare practicing athletic trainers with advanced knowledge and skills in the sub-specialty of sports neurology and concussion. (atsu.edu)
Applicants for admission to the graduate certificate in sports neurology and concussion must meet the following requirements prior to matriculation. (atsu.edu)
This is a free online concussion course offered by the National Federation for High School Sports designed for students, parents, and Athletic Department Staff. (cohassetk12.org)
Helen Irlen recently came out with a new book on Irlen and Sports Concussion called, Sports Concussion and Getting Back in the Game of Life , which details how The Irlen Method can help with symptoms of Irlen Syndrome acquired after head injury. (irlen.com)
For reference please see: Consensus statement on concussion in sport: the 4th International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2012: Br J Sports Med 2013;47:5 250-258. (thefa.com)
If your child has a head injury, even if it seems mild, they should stop the activity they are doing (including sports). (kidshealth.org)
Females may be more susceptible to concussion, and they also have worse and prolonged symptoms after their injury than men, according to a review of 25 studies of sport-related concussion published in the Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. (ushsho.com)
Cale Makar has entered concussion protocol for the second time in as many weeks, Colorado Avalanche head coach Jared Bednar confirmed on Tuesday via Altitude Sports Radio . (yahoo.com)
Only A Game has covered head injuries in sports extensively. (wbur.org)
Those occurring among participants in collision sports such as football are often called concussions and have been receiving increasing attention in medical literature [2] and the media. (cdc.gov)
Lateral (from the side) impacts, such as impacts from some falls and from some sports activities, are likely to cause rotational accelerations in the brain, which is a mechanism of injury leading to concussions among workers experiencing head trauma [8, 9]. (cdc.gov)
Common causes of head injuries include falls, motor vehicle crashes, assaults, and mishaps during sports and recreational activities. (msdmanuals.com)
People should not return to contact sports after a concussion until all ill effects have resolved and medical evaluation has been completed. (msdmanuals.com)
Concussion in sports. (medscape.com)
Neuropsychological evaluation in the diagnosis and management of sports-related concussion. (medscape.com)
Charles Bernick, MD, from the Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health in Las Vegas, Nevada, presented the study in a poster session July 14 at the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) 2017 Sports Concussion Conference in Jacksonville, Florida. (medscape.com)
American Academy of Neurology (AAN) 2017 Sports Concussion Conference. (medscape.com)

NFL claims concussion protocols didn't fail Tua Tagovailoa on Sunday. (yahoo.com)
Regardless of the footage showing Tagovailoa's helmet slamming against the turf against the Buffalo Bills last Sunday in Miami , or his knees giving out while he collapsed back onto the ground, or teammates supporting the Dolphins quarterback in spite of his buckling legs, the message was unified: Concussion protocols were followed and Tagovailoa passed. (yahoo.com)
And I didn't need hidden-away locker room protocols to tell me that was true, or some NFL public relations statement or Dolphins head coach Mike McDaniel, who relayed the diagnosis to reporters after the Dolphins' 27-15 defeat . (yahoo.com)
It knows that players are familiar with concussion protocols and and how to skirt them. (yahoo.com)
The next international meeting for the Concussion in Sport Group will be in October, after which the protocols may be revised to incorporate new information. (cosmosmagazine.com)
A student who was removed from interscholastic athletic practice or competition shall be allowed to return only after all statutory prerequisites are completed, including without limitation, the return-to-play and return-to-learn protocols developed by the Concussion Oversight Team. (sharpschool.com)
Jared Bednar said Cale Makar passed all concussion protocols to return to play before the STL game, but the coach added "let's face it" the two head injuries are related. (yahoo.com)

Despite the indisputable statistics, controversy still surrounds the exact reasons that girls suffer more concussions than boys. (forbes.com)
If this is the case, boys may suffer from concussions in similar or greater numbers to girls, but their injuries are not reflected in the statistics, because they go unreported. (forbes.com)
If you suffer a concussion from a car accident or other circumstance, then the insurance adjuster may try to dismiss your injury as minor, minimizing your compensation. (standavislaw.com)

Association between recurrent concussion and late-life cognitive impairment in retired professional football players. (springer.com)
One particular study suggests that it takes an average of 20-50 days for patients to report "back-to-normal" cognitive function after suffering head trauma. (queencityhealthcenter.com)
This report summarizes the findings of a cognitive interview study to test questions on traumatic brain injury (TBI) for the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. (cdc.gov)
Cognitive impairment following closed head injury. (medscape.com)

Traumatic events can lead to both primary injuries [e.g. scalp lacerations, intracranial bleeds, skull fractures, concussion, and diffuse axonal injury, (DAI)] and later, secondary injuries (e.g. herniation syndromes, diffuse edema, and hypoxic/ischemic injuries). (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Primary injuries arise from an initial traumatic event and include scalp and skull injuries, extraparenchymal hemorrhage, cortical contusion, concussion, and diffuse axonal injury. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)

The risk of catastrophic injuries or death are significant when a concussion or head injury is not properly evaluated and managed. (wa.gov)
Catastrophic head injuries in high school and college football players. (medscape.com)

Concussion" is a broad term that describes a brain injury caused by trauma-usually a bump, hit or jolts to the head that results in an altered mental state. (queencityhealthcenter.com)
There is also plenty of evidence revealing the devastating long-term effects of untreated head trauma. (queencityhealthcenter.com)
Head injuries are a major concern to the team physicians, and these injuries represent a wide spectrum of trauma. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
As with any trauma, patients are at risk of subsequent secondary injury, which in the setting of head injury can be particularly devastating because of the limited and fixed cranial space and the inability of cerebral tissue to repair or to regenerate. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
If you would like an appointment / review with our head injuries (trauma) and concussion special ist in Singapore , the best way is to call +65 6664 8135 or click here to book an appointment at the clinic. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Falls and/or impact by falling objects on a construction site can cause head trauma and concussions. (standavislaw.com)
A neurogdegenerative disease, CTE is thought to cause depression and erratic behavior and is believed to result from repetitive head trauma. (wbur.org)
Daniel Rosenfield, a paediatric trauma fellow and emergency room doctor at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto says most kids he diagnoses with concussions never lost consciousness. (todaysparent.com)
There is no definitive medical test for a concussion, which, unlike more severe brain trauma, doesn't show up on a CT or MRI scan, though new research from Western University in London, Ont. (todaysparent.com)
A common occupational injury, TBI occurring at work is referred to as work-related traumatic brain injury (WR TBI) and accounts for between 20% and 25% of work-related trauma [3]. (cdc.gov)
Concentrations of neurofilament light (NFL) chain and tau in blood are elevated in professional mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters who are exposed to repetitive head trauma , new research shows. (medscape.com)
The results of this study are useful in identifying potential blood-based biomarkers for head trauma. (medscape.com)

Recent efforts to educate coaches, parents and players on the dangers of concussions and repeated impacts have hopefully increased the likelihood that players will disclose their symptoms. (forbes.com)
A study by Stewart et al on 222 amateur soccer players found that intentional (heading) and unintentional head impacts are associated with moderate to very severe CNS symptoms such as dizziness and pain. (medscape.com)
When a person experiences a concussion, the force endured by the skull shifts segments and impacts the overall structure of the spine. (queencityhealthcenter.com)
Most injury indexes treated the accelerations produced by the cadaver/windshield impacts in a fundamentally different way than accelerations produced by equivalent dummy impacts. (sae.org)
They've found that impacts to the side of the head can shake the corpus callosum, which connects the two halves of the brain and helps with coordination and problem solving. (stanford.edu)

While these policy efforts show some promise, more research is needed to learn if these strategies can help educate coaches and parents about this issue and help protect children and teens from concussion and other serious brain injuries. (cdc.gov)
Vick suffered a concussion as a 10th-grader, and after telling her coaches, she entered a return-to-play protocol-checking in with her coaches about her status, and nutrition, as well as modifying workouts until she was back to 100 percent. (coachad.com)
Vick's coaches are just one of many who are receiving advanced training from the University of Michigan on how to handle concussions at the high school level. (coachad.com)
24 hours) injuries arising from school rugby matches were recorded by coaches and medical staff. (bmj.com)
It's a playbook for parents, coaches, and anyone else interacting with children and adults who have lingering symptoms after a concussion. (irlen.com)
Talk to coaches to make sure that all teams your kids play on have rules to reduce the risk of head injuries and concussions, such as limits on tackling ( football ) or heading the ball (soccer). (kidshealth.org)

Evidently, young women have less developed neck muscles than their male counterparts, and strong necks mean the head doesn't move quite as much when there is an impact. (forbes.com)
I had severe car accident I go to chiro weekly if I didn't I be in corner crying n rake cycolbezaphine to cope.no.straining neck makes head worse tons n tons of sleep heals don't push yourself n gravol for nausea good protein diet to heal. (brainline.org)
They have also learned that tensing one's neck muscles during a high-impact hit does not seem to protect against concussion. (stanford.edu)
Whiplash is a traumatic injury that damages neck muscles, neck ligaments and spinal discs. (standavislaw.com)
This simulation study employs a musculoskeletal model of the head and neck to investigate the effect of several factors related to head injury metrics in American Football. (cdc.gov)
We hypothesized that active neck muscles significantly reduce head injury metrics. (cdc.gov)
The results of this study indicate that active neck muscles have a statistically significant effect on head injury metrics. (cdc.gov)

Postconcussion syndrome symptoms are common during the week after concussion and commonly resolve during the second week. (msdmanuals.com)
The Rivermead post concussion symptoms questionnaire: A measure of symptoms commonly experienced after head injury and its reliability. (bvsalud.org)
OBJECTIVE: This study examines how different yet commonly used questions may impact traumatic brain injury (TBI) estimates. (cdc.gov)

If your child has maintained consciousness, the injury may still be severe. (maryalexanderlaw.com)
The doctor will be especially interested in whether your child has had multiple blows to the head or body, lost consciousness, and when your child recovered. (healthychildren.org)
Most people don't lose consciousness when they have a concussion. (medlineplus.gov)
The most common definition of concussion is a "clinical syndrome characterized by immediate and transient posttraumatic impairment of neural functions, such as alteration of consciousness, disturbance of vision, equilibrium, etc. due to brain stem involvement. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)

A concussion is caused by a blow or motion to the head or body that causes the brain to move rapidly inside the skull. (wa.gov)
It's caused by a bump, blow or jolt to the head or by a hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move quickly back and forth inside the skull. (healthychildren.org)
Hi, My younger brother had problem with his friends and they hit his head than it has some blood between the brain and skull after the doctor had treated him by ิัsurgery, his right eyelid couldn't open anymore and his voice is very weakness and doctor just let him go home by that situation so how to train or treat for him? (brainline.org)
A concussion happens when sudden movement causes the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull. (medlineplus.gov)
Head injury - an injury to your brain, skull, and scalp - is one of the vital common causes of death and disability (each short-term and long-term) in adults. (saferpainmanagement.com)
However, if your head encounters an extreme force, then your brain can impact your skull. (standavislaw.com)
A head injury is an injury to the scalp, skull, or brain. (kidshealth.org)
A head injury can still happen, but the helmet can protect them from a skull fracture and serious brain injury. (kidshealth.org)
A concussion is a brain injury which happens after a hit to the head or body causes the brain to move back and forth inside the skull, according to the CDC. (ushsho.com)
Concussion is nothing more than a violent shaking of the head, and when the brain actually hits you in the front part of the skull or the back part of the skull or the temple lobes to where your ears are located basically. (bengreenfieldlife.com)
While they might not be as immediately life-threatening as skull fractures, or bleeding in or around the brain, concussions can have a lasting impact, including memory problems, recurring headaches and mood disorders. (todaysparent.com)
One theory is that the brain, which is surrounded by fluid, jiggles and bumps up against the skull, but research into the "how" of concussions is ongoing. (todaysparent.com)

The median time for return to competition after a concussion dropped from 13 days (in 2017-19) to 10 days in 2020, despite the rule change. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Cite this: Blood Biomarkers Reveal Repetitive Head Injury in MMA Fighters - Medscape - Jul 18, 2017. (medscape.com)

U-M research found that 1 in 4 adolescents self-reported at least one concussion in 2020, up from about 20% in 2016. (coachad.com)
Marlion Pickett of the Tigers acknowledges Brad Ebert of the Power as he is taken from the ground after suffering a concussion during the AFL First Preliminary Final match between the Port Adelaide Power and Richmond Tigers at Adelaide Oval on October 16, 2020 in Adelaide, Australia. (cosmosmagazine.com)
The AFL's five-day rule designed to promote player recovery following a concussion may not have been effective in 2020, a new study shows. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Recently, researchers, led by Alan Pearce of La Trobe University, compared injury and return to competition reports recorded by the AFL before and after the 2020 rule change. (cosmosmagazine.com)
They found that there was no change in the number of matches missed by concussed players, and that more than half of the players who got a concussion in 2020 returned to competition in less than 12 days. (cosmosmagazine.com)

Through the CARE partnership, the DOD and NCAA have gained a better understanding of the biological and the physiological effects of concussions, the symptoms they present and the natural course of recovery. (health.mil)

It raises the risk for long-term symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and problems with mental function after future concussions. (childnexus.com)

In order to assess the implementation of Return to Play laws, the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC) conducted a case study evaluation on the Return to Play implementation efforts in two states: Washington and Massachusetts. (cdc.gov)
Return to Play laws include a variety of different components that can be complicated to implement, such as removal from play, collection of concussion histories, required training for different stakeholders, etc. (cdc.gov)
These theories suggest that boys are more likely to hide their concussion symptoms so they can return to play sooner. (forbes.com)
State law addresses concussions/return to play. (nasbe.org)
Fortunately, most people recover from concussions with rest, though it may take three full days or more of complete rest for your brain to return to normal. (standavislaw.com)
A return-to-play protocol governing a student's return to interscholastic athletics practice or competition following a force of impact believed to have caused a concussion. (sharpschool.com)
A return-to-learn protocol governing a student's return to the classroom following a force of impact believed to have caused a concussion. (sharpschool.com)
A student shall be removed from an interscholastic athletic practice or competition immediately if any of the following individuals believes that the student sustained a concussion during the practice or competition: a coach, a physician, a game official, an athletic trainer, the student's parent/guardian, the student, or any other person deemed appropriate under the return-to-play protocol. (sharpschool.com)
Return to play does not involve a significant risk of a second injury either in the same game or during the season. (wikipedia.org)
But they have yet to understand how colored lenses can reduce stress on the brain for some of these victims, eliminate their difficulties with light sensitivity and headaches or migraines, improve their reading and academic abilities, and allow them to return to much of the life they had before their injury. (irlen.com)
If there is any suspicion of the payer having sustained a concussion, the player must be removed from the field of play, and not allowed to return. (thefa.com)
It was confirmed she suffered a concussion, and a return to training protocol was advised, but not implemented or communicated to her coach, he said. (ushsho.com)

Conclusion A preventive movement control exercise programme can reduce match injury outcomes, including concussion, in schoolboy rugby players when compared with a standardised control exercise programme, although to realise the greatest effects players should complete the programme at least three times per week. (bmj.com)
By following these individuals before and after injury, researchers within the consortium have been able to advance our scientific knowledge of brain injury and the factors that influence outcomes," said Dr. Paul Pasquina, chair of the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and chief of the Department of Rehabilitation at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. (health.mil)

Biomechanical engineers and neurosurgeons informed the Committee that the helmet safety standard at that time was insufficient to minimize the risk of concussions. (wikipedia.org)

And there is also some evidence that girls may take longer than boys to recover from concussions. (forbes.com)

Consensus statement on concussion in sport-the 5th international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016. (springer.com)
The rules and regulations surrounding the management of head injury and concussion are based upon a consensus statement, reached after the latest international and inter-sport meeting to discuss these issues. (thefa.com)
Following on from this, the guidelines for management of head injury and concussion in football have been harmonised with those from the consensus meeting. (thefa.com)
Plus, there's still no scientific consensus on exactly what happens when you get a concussion. (todaysparent.com)

No good parameters have been proposed for repetitive head injury. (medscape.com)

High school girls' soccer players experience almost as many concussions as male football players. (forbes.com)
Boys playing football suffered the most concussions, at 10.2 concussions per every 10,000 practices and games. (forbes.com)
In our meta-analysis, we found the highest concussion incidences in rugby match play (3.89 and 3.00 concussions per 1000 h and athletic exposures (AEs), respectively), and the lowest in men's football training (0.01 and 0.08 per 1000 h and AEs, respectively). (springer.com)
Female players had an increased concussion risk in football and ice hockey when compared to male players. (springer.com)
Recurrent concussion and risk of depression in retired professional football players. (springer.com)
Pellman EJ, Viano DC, Casson IR, Arfken C, Feuer H. Concussion in professional football: players returning to the same game--part 7. (medscape.com)
I was use to playing football, so I lead tackles with my head. (brainline.org)
Menlo is one of three local high schools participating in a study to better understand concussions in young football and lacrosse players. (stanford.edu)
Q: Your Stanford research team is collaborating with three local high schools to study concussion risks among football and lacrosse players. (stanford.edu)
Concussions and play-related head blows in American football have been shown to be the cause of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which has led to player deaths and other debilitating symptoms after retirement, including memory loss, depression, anxiety, headaches, stress, and sleep disturbances. (wikipedia.org)
A concussion is a frequent injury among football players. (wikipedia.org)
What works, what doesn't, so when it comes to head injuries and it comes to concussions, I know this is a topic that's near and dear to many folks' hearts, whether you've had a concussion or whether you're concerned about your child who may play soccer or ride bikes or play football or something like that. (bengreenfieldlife.com)
Sensitivity analysis of muscle properties and impact parameters on head injury risk in American football. (cdc.gov)
Acute effects and recovery time following concussion in collegiate football players: the NCAA Concussion Study. (medscape.com)

If you have been paying attention to the news lately, you know that new research states concussions may be much worse than we realize. (maryalexanderlaw.com)
These head injuries could cause serious issues for your child's development, and these problems may only get worse as your child transitions into adulthood. (maryalexanderlaw.com)
Additionally, with a history of concussions, the symptoms appear to get worse. (seonewswire.net)

This can be the result of violent blows to the head or from the whiplash effect when someone is involved in a collision. (slackdavis.com)
Car crashes are one of the most common causes of concussions and whiplash. (standavislaw.com)
Is Whiplash a Concussion? (standavislaw.com)
Traumatic brain injury, concussion and whiplash affect thousands and thousands of people, and the lingering effects can be devastating. (irlen.com)
Key criteria for being an Irlen candidate after brain injury, concussion or whiplash include: light sensitivity, regular headaches and/or migraines, and reading and other perceptual issues. (irlen.com)
And because of this joint effort, we have been able to solidify Irlen Spectal Filters a viable tool to address some of the lingering effects of TBI, concussion and whiplash. (irlen.com)

This study examined 53 symptomatic minor head injury patients referred for neuropsychological evaluation between one and 22 months after injury. (bmj.com)
It's pretty common for me to see kids in my clinic who have had two or three concussions, are symptomatic and are still playing their sport, and I can't believe I'm the first one to say they really should not be playing. (stanford.edu)

The purpose of this study was to increase our understanding of the head impact level that will produce concussion in humans. (sae.org)
A number of head injury indexes were calculated from the cadaver head accelerations obtained in the current study. (sae.org)
It started publishing study results in 2003 that stated there were no long-term negative health consequences associated with concussions sustained by NFL players. (wikipedia.org)
Further, the center's follow-up study in 2005 associated both brain impairment and Alzheimer's disease with retired NFL players who had histories of concussions. (wikipedia.org)
Doctors may order a CAT scan or other imaging study of the head for more serious injuries. (kidshealth.org)
A 2014 study published in the journal Paediatrics and Child Health found that in Ontario between 2003 and 2010, there was about a 70 percent increase in concussion-related medical visits by school-age kids and youth. (todaysparent.com)
This study is part of the larger ongoing Professional Fighters Brain Health study designed to detect "not just individual concussions but permanent brain injury overall at its earliest stages and to determine which fighters are at greatest risk of long-term complications," Dr Bernick explains in a conference statement. (medscape.com)
Our study looked at data over a 5-year period and found elevated levels of two brain injury markers in the blood. (medscape.com)
Participants will receive their first administration of study product within 24hrs of a concussion/ mild Traumatic Brain Injury at the study centre. (who.int)

Her father told CNN that this, coupled with her symptoms, caused her family to become aware she had suffered a concussion, which was later confirmed with a diagnosis from Stanford's Health Centre. (ushsho.com)

It is important to consider the implications of future concussions and consider whether "winning the big game" is worth your child's long-term health. (maryalexanderlaw.com)

Loss of consciousn8

Symptoms of a concussion2

Traumatic brain in7

Athletes32

Management of concussion2

Lead to a concussion2

Athlete16

Occur12

MTBI6

Severe Concussion1

Severity5

Recovery from Concussion1

Headache10

Children and adolescents2

Sustain7

Sign a concussion1

Diagnose a concussion2

Treatment for concussion1

Assessment9

Mild concussion3

Neurological4

Brain concussion2

Previous concussion1

Sport concussion1

Second concussion1

Initial concussion1

Multiple concussions4

Signs11

Incidence7

Type of traumatic brain4

Sports41

Protocols7

Suffer3

Cognitive4

Diffuse axonal2

Catastrophic2

Trauma12

Impacts5

Coaches6

Neck7

Commonly3

Consciousness4

Skull12

20172

20205

Effects of concussions1

Dizziness1

Return12

Outcomes2

Risk of concussions1

Recover from concussions1

Consensus4

Repetitive head injury1

Football14

Worse3

Whiplash6

Symptomatic2

Study9

Diagnosis1

Future concussions1