Harvard cloned human. Medical search. Frequent questions

CD300d cDNA was cloned from RNA obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and RT-PCR revealed the gene to be expressed in cells of myeloid lineage. (uab.cat)
The cloned cDNA encoded for a type I protein with a single extracellular Ig V-type domain and a predicted molecular mass of 21.5 kDa. (uab.cat)
To investigate the properties of the β-subunit, we have isolated a cDNA encoding the human brain β1-subunit and assigned the corresponding gene to chromosome 19. (elsevierpure.com)
In this paper we report the use of Sm autoantibodies to isolate a cDNA clone for the mRNA of one of these nuclear antigens. (elsevierpure.com)
This led to the identification of a cDNA clone, p281, containing sequences complementary to mRNA for an Sm autoantibody-reactive, 11,000 M(r) protein. (elsevierpure.com)
Aims: To demonstrate the power of combining the FANTOM 2 cDNA dataset with a positional candidate approach and bioinformatics analysis to identify genes underlying human genetic disease. (edu.au)
Results: By mapping all FANTOM 2 cDNA to the human genome, we were able to identify mouse clones that co-localised on the human genome with mapped but uncloned human disease loci. (edu.au)
We previously described a human cDNA, SULT1C1, that encoded a protein similar in sequence to that of rat ST1C1. (elsevierpure.com)
In the present study, we set out to characterize further the human SULT1C1 cDNA and then to clone, structurally characterize, and map its gene. (elsevierpure.com)
In humans, cGKIβ cDNA was isolated, but the full structure and tissue-specific gene expression of cGKIα have not been determined. (elsevierpure.com)
In the present study, we isolated the full-length human cGKIα cDNA (-36 to +2177: the translation start site: +1) encoding the 671-amino acid protein. (elsevierpure.com)
Nucleotides +267 to +2177 of the isolated cDNA were identical to the corresponding nucleotides of human cGKIβ cDNA. (elsevierpure.com)
We have isolated cDNA and genomic clones coding for the human α 7 neuronal nicotinic receptor subunit, the major component of brain nicotinic receptors that are blocked by α-bungarotoxin. (johnshopkins.edu)
As expected, both the cDNA and its encoded amino acid sequences are highly conserved between the human and rat mss4. (elsevierpure.com)

In humans, a major roadblock in achieving successful SCNT leading to embryonic stem cells has been the fact that human SCNT embryos fail to progress beyond the eight-cell stage. (news-medical.net)
They derived several human embryonic stem cell lines from these cloned embryos whose DNA was an exact match to the adult cell that donated the DNA. (news-medical.net)
Private and state money is still available, and Harvard University has just announced it will clone human embryos. (breakpoint.org)
Among the real and knotty ethical questions are these: Should human embryos be created expressly to be used for stem cell extraction? (prospect.org)
Cloning could also be used by IVF couples to create more embryos for IVF procedures, and to create embryos, or help create a child, to be a donor of stem cells for a sick sibling or relative, and create children for homosexual couples that are genetically related to one or both of them (the latter situation would apply to female homosexuals). (ethicalrights.com)
The main issue as to whether or not human cloning is possible through the splitting of embryos began in 1993 when experimentation was done at George Washington University Medical Center in Washington D. C. There Dr. Jerry Hall experimented with the possibility of human cloning and began this moral and ethical debate. (benjaminbarber.org)
Shannon Brownlee of U. S. News & World Report writes, "Hall and other scientists split single humans embryos into identical copies, a technology that opens a Pandora's box of ethical questions and has sparked a storm of controversy around the world" (24). (benjaminbarber.org)
They attempted to create seventeen human embryos in a laboratory dish and when it had grown enough, separated them into forty-eight individual cells. (benjaminbarber.org)
Two of the separated cells survived for a few days in the lab developed into new human embryos smaller than the head of a pin and consisting of thirty-two cells each (Brownlee 24). (benjaminbarber.org)
Cloning embryos is different from the genetic process of in vitro fertilization, but still holds many similarities with it. (benjaminbarber.org)

Retrieved on December 04, 2023 from https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Cloning-Human-Cells.aspx. (news-medical.net)

The artificial cloning of organisms, sometimes known as reproductive cloning, is often accomplished via somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), a cloning method in which a viable embryo is created from a somatic cell and an egg cell. (wikipedia.org)
Since the term "born" has been used as an essential part of the definition of " reproductive cloning " used by Weissman, the National Academy of Sciences, etc., then it is critical to use the accurate term with the proper meaning. (lifeissues.net)
Otherwise, such a treaty would not recognize the inherent human nature of the early human embryo or fetus until after birth , and thus cloning them and using them for research - both "therapeutic" and "reproductive" -- would not be banned, and women undergoing "infertility treatments" could surely be put in danger. (lifeissues.net)
At the moment, nearly every government is adamantly opposed to reproductive cloning. (bioedge.org)
2. There are many arguments for human cloning, reproductive and non-reproductive. (ethicalrights.com)
There is a strong case for reproductive cloning when it is accepted as safe. (ethicalrights.com)
Reproductive cloning provides options for people with mitochondrial disease and for couples where the male has no viable sperm to create a child genetically related to himself. (ethicalrights.com)
Cloning should become just another reproductive technology when it is accepted as safe. (ethicalrights.com)
With regard to human reproductive cloning, what is so abhorrent about it that would be an imperative duty for a government to regulate against it? (ethicalrights.com)
Human reproductive cloning: The curious incident of the dog in the night-time. (notabene-bg.org)

Molecular cloning and characterization of a human uronyl 2-sulfotransferase that sulfates iduronyl and glucuronyl residues in dermatan/chondroitin sulfate. (harvard.edu)
Iduronic acid-rich proteoglycans (PGIdoA) and human post-burn scar maturation: isolation and characterization. (harvard.edu)
Purification and characterization of iduronic acid-rich and glucuronic acid-rich proteoglycans implicated in human post-burn keloid scar. (harvard.edu)
The cloning and structural characterization of SULT1C1 and SULT1C2 will now make it possible to perform molecular genetic and pharmacogenomic studies of these sulfate-conjugating enzymes in humans. (elsevierpure.com)
We describe herein the cloning, bacterial expression, and biochemical characterization of human Mss4. (elsevierpure.com)

It starts with a healthy cell of a closely related species-cloning a Neanderthal, for example, could start with a stem cell from a modern human. (nationalgeographic.com)
Using new tricks of genetic engineering, researchers could make adjustments to the DNA in the human cell so it matches the code of the Neanderthal. (nationalgeographic.com)
Even if a clone did survive, the ethical dilemmas of raising a Neanderthal would be complicated. (nationalgeographic.com)
For example, if the Neanderthal child was far stronger than modern humans, he or she might be excluded from playing sports teams, Holliday says. (nationalgeographic.com)
It's a daunting challenge, but some scientists are considering it: cloning a Neanderthal. (bioedge.org)
One of the techniques involves modifying a human genome to become a Neanderthal genome. (bioedge.org)
Another contentious issue is that the Neanderthal, who is human, would be cloned. (bioedge.org)
Ethics Consult: Fertilize Human Egg With Neanderthal Sperm? (medpagetoday.com)
Last week, you voted on whether researchers should be allowed to fertilize a human egg with Neanderthal DNA-infused sperm . (medpagetoday.com)
Until very recently, existing technologies did not allow for the cloning of extinct species, such as a Neanderthal, in which only fragments of DNA, rather than intact nuclei, exist. (medpagetoday.com)
Church argued that a potential benefit to humans of such Neanderthal cloning would be increased genetic diversity. (medpagetoday.com)
Assuming the cloning of a Neanderthal to be possible, the decision to clone raises distinct ethical concerns. (medpagetoday.com)
While one Neanderthal might turn out to be relatively harmless, this experiment would likely lead to others, and there is no telling what damage hundreds or thousands of such creatures (or the offspring of human-Neanderthal mating) might do. (medpagetoday.com)
Finally, any ethical assessment of Neanderthal cloning must consider the welfare of the individual being cloned. (medpagetoday.com)
Neanderthal is a byword for backwardness, but this relative of ours, which disappeared only 25,000 or 30,000 years ago was clearly human. (blogspot.com)
According to George Church, a genetics professor from Harvard Medical School, Neanderthal cells could be significant in the discovery of treatments for largely human-specific diseases such as HIV or smallpox. (blogspot.com)
In the end," he says, "we are going to have a cloned Neanderthal, I'm just sure of it. (blogspot.com)

We then cloned and structurally characterized the SULT1C1 gene from a human genomic BAC library. (elsevierpure.com)
SIV isolates that have been molecularly cloned share approxi-mately 75% of their genomic sequences with HIV-II and approximately 30% with NIV-I (10). (cdc.gov)
Also, SIV is distinct from simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLY-I) which shares extensive genomic sequences with human T-lymphotropic virus type I and is associated with T-cell lymphomas in nonhuman primates (12). (cdc.gov)

Cloning has been proposed as a means of reviving extinct species. (wikipedia.org)
depictions commonly involve themes related to identity, the recreation of historical figures or extinct species, or cloning for exploitation (i.e. cloning soldiers for warfare). (wikipedia.org)
In 2003, researchers in Spain were the first to bring back an extinct species -the Pyrenean ibex, a wild mountain goat also called a bucardo-though the clone only lived for a few minutes. (nationalgeographic.com)
3.) Allele replacement for precision crossbreeding of a living species with an extinct species is a new genome-editing technique developed by Harvard geneticist, George Church. (cobizmag.com)

One cloning technology that has been developed for mammalian and human cells is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (news-medical.net)

As such, the discovery, which was published in the January 2001 issue of the journal EMBO Reports, could have implications for cloning and cancer in human beings. (harvard.edu)
The prospect of cloning human beings remains both scientifically challenging and, for many, ethically fraught. (medpagetoday.com)
Soon after, there were many hullabaloos about the possibility of cloning other animals with human beings included. (payforessay.net)
All human beings, as well as other living organisms, have a unique genetic makeup. (payforessay.net)
We face a problem today even greater than the one in this book and it involves the duplication of human beings in a society that has always been known for its diversity. (benjaminbarber.org)
The New Atlantis is building a culture in which science and technology work for, not on, human beings. (thenewatlantis.com)

In 2013, scientists reported a successful SCNT procedure by modifying the protocol for specific human oocyte biology. (news-medical.net)
Should scientists seek to clone our ancient hominid cousins? (nationalgeographic.com)
Since the 1996 birth of Dolly the sheep, the world's first cloned mammal, scientists have greatly expanded and improved on cloning techniques. (nationalgeographic.com)
Starting with an intact cell (fresh or frozen) of the animal they'd like to clone, scientists first remove the nucleus, where DNA resides, and insert it into a hollowed-out egg cell of the same or a related species. (nationalgeographic.com)
Therefore, the issue of cloning is still under serious debate by scientists, professionals and even within academic institutions as well as politics. (payforessay.net)
In 2003, scientists cloned a bucardo, an Iberian wild goat, that had gone extinct three years earlier, by inserting its DNA (which they got from frozen bucardo skin) into the eggs of an existing goat. (cobizmag.com)
These scientists experimented eagerly in aims of learning how to clone human. (benjaminbarber.org)
Common answers to the puzzling questions about humans and cloning are still trying to be answered today, and scientists and the public are eager to learn all they can about cloning. (benjaminbarber.org)
For instance, he wonders-just an intellectual puzzle, he assures me, that he would never want to do-What would happen if scientists injected human stem cells into a monkey embryo? (discovermagazine.com)
Now, according to an article in the journal Archeology, some scientists want to clone them. (blogspot.com)

In the field of biotechnology, cloning is the process of creating cloned organisms of cells and of DNA fragments. (wikipedia.org)
Another example of artificial cloning is molecular cloning, a technique in molecular biology in which a single living cell is used to clone a large population of cells that contain identical DNA molecules. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning of human cells is a technology that holds the potential to cure many diseases and provide a source of exactly matched transplant tissues and organs. (news-medical.net)
SCNT is a method of cloning mammalian cells that can be used to create personalized embryonic stem cells from an adult animal or human. (news-medical.net)
But SCNT can also be used to clone human cells for transplant or other therapies. (news-medical.net)
This was the first successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into embryonic stem cells using a cloning technique, SCNT. (news-medical.net)
Another successful attempt at human SCNT was made using cells from two adult males. (news-medical.net)
The adult cell nuclei were transferred into metaphase-II stage human oocytes, producing a karyotypically normal diploid embryonic stem cell line from each of the adult male donor cells. (news-medical.net)
The therapeutic potential of cloned human cells has been demonstrated by another study using human oocytes to reprogram adult cells of a type 1 diabetic. (news-medical.net)
Although attempts have not yet been made to create a therapeutic transplant from embryonic stem cells, the methods have been developed to allow the creation of functional, mature cells using human cell cloning technology. (news-medical.net)
In a study evaluating a new therapy for dissolving blood clots and tumor cells in the human circulatory system to treat heart disease, professor Petros Koumoutsakos, of the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), overcame this limitation by using Google's cloud platform to clone a supercomputer. (dotmed.com)
Immortalized, cloned mouse chondrocytic cells (MC615) produce three different matrix proteoglycans with core-protein-specific chondroitin/dermatan sulphate structures. (harvard.edu)
The proper definition of cloning is the reproduction of a replicate organism without fertilization or fusion of gonad cells. (payforessay.net)
RNA gel blot hybridization with clone p281 DNA revealed a poly(A) + mRNA of ≃600 nucleotides in human and marmoset (New World primate) cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Growth of most cell lines was improved by the addition of human AB serum and irradiated human bone marrow stromal cells. (edu.au)
The effect of bone marrow stromal cells appeared to be caused by a diffusable factor(s), but close cellular interaction could not be excluded since cloning in microwells produced consistent and optimal cell growth compared to growth in soft agar. (edu.au)
It was concluded that cloning of leukemia and lymphoma cell lines in microwells was the preferred method and that similar techniques could improve the cloning of fresh leukemia and lymphoma cells. (edu.au)
Cloned first from an intestinal epithelium cell line, it occurs most notably in the testis, in the receptor cells of the inner ear, and in the pigment epithelium of the retina. (nebraska.edu)
We transfected human and rabbit peripheral blond mononaclear cells (PBMC) with the ACH molecular clone of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) to study its in vitro and in vivo properties. (wustl.edu)
2.) Cloning with cells from cryopreserved tissue of a recently extinct animal can generate viable eggs. (cobizmag.com)
The second method of cloning a human involves taking cells from an already existing human being and cloning them, in turn creating other individuals that are identical to that particular person. (benjaminbarber.org)

Yes, say geneticist George Church of Harvard University and his colleagues. (nationalgeographic.com)
In his 2012 book Regenesis , Harvard geneticist George Church proposes a different approach for cloning extinct animals whose genome has been sequenced. (nationalgeographic.com)
We know from cloning experience that there's a very high failure rate," says geneticist James Noonan of Yale University. (nationalgeographic.com)
Harvard geneticist George Church, PhD, has explained that once such DNA is reassembled inside a human cell, either a chimpanzee or an "extremely adventurous female human" might bring the clone to term. (medpagetoday.com)
He stayed on to earn his Ph.D. in molecular biology at Cambridge, training under the legendary geneticist John Gurdon, whose breakthroughs in the 1950s and 1960s were key to the experiments performed by Ian Wilmut, a Gurdon student who cloned Dolly the sheep in 1997. (discovermagazine.com)
James Noonan, a geneticist at Yale University, takes a dim view of cloning. (blogspot.com)

But it is perhaps not auspicious to quote him for purposes of the scientific debates on human cloning, because Ramsey agreed with and supported the scientific myth of the "pre-embryo" 47 made famous by Jesuit Richard McCormick and frog embryologist Clifford Grobstein. (lifeissues.net)
Thus, while Ramsey agreed that there is a human being present immediately at fertilization, he did not agree that it was also a human embryo or a human person - the classic "pre-embryo" argument. (lifeissues.net)
The human embryo did not begin until after 14-days, thus the above quote from Saunders would not apply. (lifeissues.net)
Perhaps Ramsey would give other extraordinarily powerful arguments as to why human cloning is unethical, but he obviously would not be able to base it on his unscientific "pre-embryo" position. (lifeissues.net)
6. " ... any living human embryo has the inherent 'potential' to develop into a healthy baby . (lifeissues.net)
Originally the relevant philosophical term was "potency" (or inherent power or capacity conveyed by a specific nature) was used to apply to an already existing substance - such as a new living human embryo. (lifeissues.net)
In that sense, the human embryo would not be even a human being yet, much less a human person. (lifeissues.net)
Thus if by "potential" one means "potency" - i.e., that the early human embryo already exists with a human nature that is already there, and has its own inherent power or capacity (provided by that human nature) to simply grow bigger and bigger through all the usual developmental stages through birth, then such a statement stands as accurate - both scientifically and philosophically. (lifeissues.net)
That is, it would be acknowledging that the human embryo and the human " baby " are the same human being and human person throughout all of his/her development. (lifeissues.net)
On the other hand, if by "potential" one means that the human embryo is not a human being or human person yet , but might be later once it has been born (i.e., a "baby"), then that statement is both scientifically and philosophically incorrect. (lifeissues.net)
Again, Saunders is referring to SCNT as "THE" cloning procedure, when there are many other ways to clone a human being as well, and he is scientifically mis-defining the product of SCNT (i.e., the cloned human embryo). (lifeissues.net)

In 1996, Dolly the sheep achieved notoriety for being the first mammal cloned from a somatic cell. (wikipedia.org)
The birth of Dolly the Sheep in July 1996 transformed animal cloning from science fiction into science fact. (medpagetoday.com)
Much intensive research on this technology began, and in the year 1996, the first clone of a sheep was done. (payforessay.net)
Eigenmann, PA, Huang, SK, Ho, DG & Sampson, HA 1996, ' Human T cell clones and cell lines specific to ovomucoid recognize different domains and consistently express IL-5 ', Advances in experimental medicine and biology , vol. 409. (johnshopkins.edu)

Molecular cloning refers to the process of making multiple molecules. (wikipedia.org)

This has led to a lot of interest in SCNT, which is best known as the method used to pioneer whole animal cloning technology, such as Dolly the sheep. (news-medical.net)

His announcement a week earlier of a supposed breakthrough in human cloning nearly stampeded the Senate into banning cloning even for therapeutic purposes. (prospect.org)
At the same time, there are indeed myriad ethical questions raised by the effort to develop therapeutic applications of stem cell cloning. (prospect.org)
3. With regard to human tissue cloning, Gregory Stock, a US biophysicist, states 'what real-world dangers do we face that might warrant so premature a repudiation of the therapeutic possibilities inherent in these scientific breakthroughs? (ethicalrights.com)

B . pilosicoli isolated and the presence of V . cholerae , lytic vibriophage, and from humans cause disease in pigs and in chicken models ETEC was determined by using standard methods ( 14 ). (cdc.gov)
I think it's going to be possible to both engineer the viruses out of pigs and then clone the animals, so that you get the same ones again and again. (medscape.com)

Cloning is commonly used to amplify DNA fragments containing whole genes, but it can also be used to amplify any DNA sequence such as promoters, non-coding sequences and randomly fragmented DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Southern blot hybridization of HeLa cell and human lymphocyte DNA indicated the presence of 6-10 copies of p281-homologous sequences. (elsevierpure.com)
A computer-based scanning and image-processing system has been developed to quantitate the relative level of expression of each of 4000 cloned complementary DNA sequences in small biopsies routinely removed from the mucosa of normal and neoplastic human large intestine. (elsevierpure.com)

That's more difficult than it sounds, as there are millions of spots in the genome that are different in modern humans and Neanderthals. (nationalgeographic.com)
In some ways, Neanderthals were similar to modern humans. (nationalgeographic.com)
However one feels about cloning Neanderthals, most would agree that these are questions that should be resolved before cloning actually takes place. (medpagetoday.com)

Occasionally, the term cloning is misleadingly used to refer to the identification of the chromosomal location of a gene associated with a particular phenotype of interest, such as in positional cloning. (wikipedia.org)

In bioethics, there are a variety of ethical positions regarding the practice and possibilities of cloning. (wikipedia.org)
Cracking Cloning Nuclear transfer research encompasses some of the most compelling biological and ethical puzzles of our time. (the-scientist.com)
Modern genetics and technological aids to human reproduction, like other advances in science and technology, have created ethical problems heretofore unencountered. (encyclopedia.com)
Are efforts to improve human intelligence, appearance, or other attributes by genetic means essentially different from the traditional methods of education, physical or mental training, or behavior modification (President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems 1982)? (encyclopedia.com)
In its earliest form, de-extinction will involve cloning DNA, which means it will raise a number of ethical questions, like "Should we be playing God? (cobizmag.com)
There is no doubt that many problems involving the technological and ethical sides of this issue will arise and will be virtually impossible to avoid, but the overall idea of cloning humans is one that we should accept as a possible reality for the future. (benjaminbarber.org)
Although we cannot clone a human yet, this experiment occurred almost two years ago and triggered almost an ethical emergency. (benjaminbarber.org)

However, a number of other features are needed, and a variety of specialised cloning vectors (small piece of DNA into which a foreign DNA fragment can be inserted) exist that allow protein production, affinity tagging, single-stranded RNA or DNA production and a host of other molecular biology tools. (wikipedia.org)
This cloned Sm antigen comigrated with the small nuclear RNA-associated protein known as 'E' and reacted with four out of four Sm autoantibodies that precipitate E protein from total mRNA translation products. (elsevierpure.com)
A rat gene, mss4, that encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Sec4 was recently cloned by its ability to rescue defects in protein transport of a yeast temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant, sec4-8. (elsevierpure.com)
Because the described cDNAs encode less than half of the protein predicted from immunoblots, we have cloned cDNAs encoding the rest of human myosin-VIIa. (nebraska.edu)
The A and B clones of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stric- maintenance of these clonal complexes in natural bacterial to, distinguished by outer surface protein C ( ospC ) gene populations ( 3 , 4 ). (cdc.gov)

The restriction analysis and partial sequencing of the gene shows that it contains (1) four alternatively spliced exons previously described in rodent and bovine but not in human tau cDNAs and (2) two CpG islands, one associated with the promoter region, the other with exon 9. (nih.gov)

The knowledge the Human Genome Project can yield is massive in contrast to previous efforts to acquire information about human genetics. (encyclopedia.com)
Human molecular genetics , 2 (6), 745-749. (elsevierpure.com)
Human Molecular Genetics , 7 (12), 1987-1988. (elsevierpure.com)

For example, the annualized incidence of myeloid malignancy in individuals with small CHIP clones is 0.03% per year, which increases to 0.5% per year among individuals with very large CHIP clones. (lu.se)

By Northern blot analysis, we detected abundant human cGKIα mRNA (7.0 kb) in the aorta, heart, kidneys, and adrenals. (elsevierpure.com)
In contrast, human cGKIβ mRNA (7.0 kb) was detected abundantly only in the uterus. (elsevierpure.com)
Examination of human tau mRNA indicates that the human cerebrocortical splicing pattern differs from that previously reported for the murine and bovine tau mRNAs, despite conserved exon organization in all three genes. (nih.gov)
1575 / db_xref =' H-InvDB:HIT000099769 ' / organism =' Homo sapiens ' / mol_type ='mRNA' / db_xref =' taxon:9606 ' / clone ='GH00495X1.0' / clone_lib ='BD Creator(TM) CDS Library derived from MGC collection' / lab_host ='DH5alpha T1 resistant' / note ='Vector: pDNR-Dual' CDS 1. (nig.ac.jp)

abstract = "The human DNA topoisomerase III (hTOP3) gene encodes a topoisomerase homologous to the Escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase I subfamily. (elsevierpure.com)
abstract = "The cloning of established human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines at limiting dilutions in microwells and soft agar is described. (edu.au)

I recently participated in a debate at the Harvard Medical School on the ethics of stem cell cloning. (prospect.org)
The potential of stem cell research to enhance human life is extraordinary. (prospect.org)
Establishment of a human ovarian clear cell carcinoma cell line (RMG-I) and its single cell cloning--with special reference to the stem cell of the tumor. (elsevierpure.com)

The cloning method is based on the fact that cytoplasmic factors in mature, metaphase II oocytes are able to reset the identity of a transplanted adult cell nucleus to an embryonic state. (news-medical.net)

Nancy relentlessly pursued the transporter responsible for iodide uptake into the thyroid, which she successfully cloned and named NIS, for more than a decade. (biophysics.org)
Strains of SIV have been successfully cultured in human lymphocyte cell lines (e.g. (cdc.gov)

The main difference between the two is that natural cloning does not involve any human intervention, whereas artificial cloning is a genetic engineering technique. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning might involve altering the genetic material of a person to get rid of unwanted traits. (payforessay.net)

But Dr George Church, a genome technologist at Harvard Medical School has a fix in mind. (bioedge.org)
The Human Genome Initiative, a "big science" project launched by the U.S. government to map and sequence the entire human genome, has heightened concerns about the privacy and confidentiality of genetic information, the uses to which such information might be put, and the possibility of stigmatizing individuals or groups because of their genetic constitution. (encyclopedia.com)
Background: Recent large-scale genome projects afford a unique opportunity to identify many novel disease genes and thereby better understand the genetic basis of human disease. (edu.au)
Genome-wide diversity and differentiation in New World populations of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax. (cdc.gov)
Whole-Genome Sequencing of Human Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates Reveals Misidentification and Misunderstandings of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella variicola, and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae. (cdc.gov)

Comparison of normal colonic mucosa with mucosa from patients with the autosomal dominant disease familial polyposis revealed more extensive alterations in gene expression involving approximately 25% of the clones screened. (elsevierpure.com)
In humans, 1%-64% of colonic of antimicrobial drug therapy) during the spring cholera specimens demonstrate intestinal spirochetosis, with the outbreak of 2006 in Dhaka, Bangladesh, at the Interna- highest prevalence in developing countries and immuno- tional Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, compromised populations ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)

To do cloning in higher organisms you have to understand how tissues form," said Shi. (harvard.edu)
Inseparable iduronic acid-containing proteoglycan PG(IdoA) preparations of human skin and post-burn scar tissues: evidence for elevated levels of PG(IdoA)-I in hypertrophic scar by N-terminal sequencing. (harvard.edu)

Lyme disease is a multisystem infection, with infl am- tinents, and isolates of this clone were uniform in DNA se- matory complications that commonly affect the skin, joints, quences, which suggests a recent trans-oceanic migration. (cdc.gov)

In the Spring of last year, he and Doug Melton received approval for human nuclear transfer experiments. (the-scientist.com)

On the other hand, Dr Church believes that it could be unethical not to clone them. (blogspot.com)

Here's how you would solve the mysteries of the egg, fertilization, and cloning. (the-scientist.com)
a) Note, again, the reference to only sexual human reproduction - "the moment of conception" - i.e., fertilization. (lifeissues.net)
Many sources state that cloning is just simply an extension of in vitro fertilization, but the root of cloning goes further than that. (benjaminbarber.org)

7. "[footnote 16]: The cloning procedure supplies the oocyte with a complete set of chromosomes, all of which are contained in the nucleus which is transferred into the denucleated oocyte. (lifeissues.net)
In the year 1952, the first successful cloning procedure took place. (payforessay.net)

With the exception of Antarctica, plague is worldwide in distribution, with most of the human cases reported from developing countries with outbreaks reported regularly. (medscape.com)
Since the number of human cases has been rising and outbreaks are reappearing in a variety of countries after years of quiescence, the plague is considered a reemerging disease. (medscape.com)

Induction of immunologic tolerance has been achieved and studied in numerous laboratory animal models, but it remains an elusive goal in clinical organ transplantation and in the management of autoimmune disease in humans. (medscape.com)

Our focus is to understand the very first few steps that drive a cell to become an intestinal cell instead of a muscle cell," says Yang Shi, Harvard Medical School associate professor of pathology. (harvard.edu)
intestinal spirochetosis in humans. (cdc.gov)

Ethics: International and Regional Per- address the moral diversity characterizing spectives was the third to be organized in human lives. (who.int)

Damaged organs can be replaced or cloned thus saving lives. (payforessay.net)
After Cambridge, Melton went to Harvard, where he threw himself into developmental biology, working to catalog growth-factor proteins called morphogens that control the development of organs. (discovermagazine.com)
Even if it were not-even if there are people who say, "I am not going to deal with a pig organ," there would be less pressure on the human cadaver side to get those organs. (medscape.com)

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) belongs to the family Retroviridae (subfamily Lentivirinae) and is closely related to human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), the etiologic agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (cdc.gov)
Populations that have been reported to have increased rates of S aureus colonization include persons with type 1 diabetes, intravenous drug users, asthmatic patients, the elderly, persons who require hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, persons with rheumatoid arthritis, those with chronic sinusitis, and persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. (medscape.com)

Bizarre ideas about cloning lie in many science fiction books and scare the public with their unbelievable possibilities. (benjaminbarber.org)
This experiment opened the possibilities of cloning to society and, even though it was unsuccessful, led people to ask themselves what they would do if cloning were to happen. (benjaminbarber.org)

If artificial cloning and natural cloning both lead to the same result, which is the formation of a clone, that is, an organism with identical or nearly identical genes to another organism, then the plight of This creation is very different between the two creatures. (wikipedia.org)

However, if a more compelling need arose -- such as a decline in human genetic diversity that led to increased disease vulnerability -- then the advantages would have to be weighed closely against the moral and practical hazards. (medpagetoday.com)
Because the sequence of SULT1C2 was closely related to that of SULT1C1 and because the genes for other human SULT paralogues occur in clusters, we screened the BAC clones that had been positive for SULT1C1 to search for SULT1C2 and discovered a clone that contained both genes. (elsevierpure.com)
What he is proposing is an "unleashing" of human reengineered species that only closely approximate those who have become extinct. (cobizmag.com)

Joe Hin Tjio defined 46 as the exact number of human chromosomes. (timetoast.com)

Couples would not make a frivolous decision to clone a child, just as they do not make such decisions about undergoing IVF treatment. (ethicalrights.com)

Cloning allows one to propagate one's genes, and Richard Dawkins would argue that we create a greater bond to those genetically related to us-in this way cloning may be preferred by some couples over adoption. (ethicalrights.com)

Cloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical genomes, either by natural or artificial means. (wikipedia.org)
Natural cloning occurs through a variety of natural mechanisms, from single-celled organisms to complex multicellular organisms. (wikipedia.org)

Though the molecule occurs in worms, it is similar to one found in humans. (harvard.edu)

HuT 78, HT, CEMx174) and in primary human and nonhuman primate peripheral blood leukocyte cultures (13). (cdc.gov)

Anatomy18

Organisms21

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs60

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment39

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes87

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena10

Humanities1

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Named Groups1

Health Care19

Geographicals4

CDNA14

Embryos10

Life-sciences1

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Characterization5

Neanderthal17

Genomic3

Extinct species4

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Cells21

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Embryo11

19964

Molecular Cloning1

Dolly1

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Positional1

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