By 2012, however, 800,000 Harkis, Pieds-Noirs and their descendants over the age of 18 lived in France. (wikipedia.org)
Massacres2
Francois Hollande said, he recognised the responsibility of the French government in abandoning the Harkis and the massacres of those remaining in Algeria and the inhuman conditions of those who were transferred to France… On the other hand in 1999 former president Jacques Chirac also acknowledged that the eight-year combat that ended the 132 years of French rule in Algeria was a war. (africanews.com)
I recognise the responsibility of French governments in abandoning the Harkis, the massacres of those who remained in Algeria and the inhuman conditions for those transferred to camps in France," Hollande said. (thelocal.fr)
Algerian5
Harki (adjective from the Algerian Arabic "ḥarka", standard Arabic "ḥaraka" [حركة], "war party" or "movement", i.e., a group of volunteers, especially soldiers) is the generic term for native Muslim Algerians who served as auxiliaries in the French Army during the Algerian War from 1954 to 1962. (wikipedia.org)
In this sense, the term Harki refers to a social group - a fraction of the French Muslims from Algeria - as distinct from other French of Algerian origin, or from Algerians living in France. (wikipedia.org)
Tens of thousands of Algerian fighters, known as Harkis, were killed after the French withdrew their support in their fight for independence. (africanews.com)
The word Harki refers to Muslim Algerians who fought on the side of France during the Algerian war of independence. (thelocal.fr)
After a peace accord granting Algerian independence was signed on March 18th, 1962, only around 42,000 Harkis were allowed to go to France, some bringing their wives and children. (thelocal.fr)
20013
French President Jacques Chirac established 25 September 2001 as the Day of National Recognition for the Harkis. (wikipedia.org)
Harki activists in France tried to prosecute Algeria in 2001 for crimes against humanity, claiming that 150,000 were killed. (thelocal.fr)
In September 2001 France held its first ever national day to honour to the Harkis. (thelocal.fr)
Descendants1
Around half a million Harkis and their descendants live in France today, among them Interior Minister Gérald Darmanin, whose grandfather Moussa was a Harki. (thelocal.fr)
Veterans2
On 14 April 2012, President Nicolas Sarkozy recognized France's "historical responsibility" in abandoning Harki French Muslim veterans at the time of the war. (wikipedia.org)
Harki veterans stand in line during a ceremony at The Invalides on September 25, 2018 in Paris, marking the National Day of Homage to the Harkis, Algerians who fought alongside French troops in Algeria's war of independence (1957-62). (thelocal.fr)
Relatives2
Possible relatives include Katherine Harkins, Juliet Harkis and 2 others. (information.com)
France has paved the way towards paying reparations to more relatives of Algerians, known as Harkis, who sided with France in their country's independence war but were then interned in French camps - here's a look at who this often forgotten group are. (thelocal.fr)
Algeria2
As a partial replacement, the French administration recruited the Harkis as irregular militia based in their home villages or towns throughout Algeria. (wikipedia.org)
Despised as traitors in Algeria, in France the Harkis were an inconvenient reminder of the country's painful defeat. (thelocal.fr)
Alongside1
Initially raised as self-defence units, the Harkis, from 1956 on, increasingly served alongside the French Army in the field. (wikipedia.org)
France2
Who are the Harkis and why are they still a sore subject in France? (thelocal.fr)
After right-wing politicians rallied to their cause - often at election time - but with little concrete results, in September 2016 Socialist president François Hollande formally admitted that France "abandoned" the Harkis. (thelocal.fr)
French4
A report to the United Nations dated 13 March 1962 gave an estimated total of 263,000 "pro-French Muslims" broken down to 20,000 regular soldiers, 40,000 conscripts, 78,000 Harkis and Moghaznis, 15,000 mobile group commandos and 60,000 civilian self-defense group members. (wikipedia.org)
The French used the Harkis as guerrilla-style units, though mostly in conventional formations. (wikipedia.org)
The Harkis had mixed motives for working with the French. (wikipedia.org)
Up to 200,000 Harkis - the name comes from the Arabic word for movement - fought for the French colonial power during the bloody war from 1954 to 1962 with Algeria's National Liberation Front (FLN). (thelocal.fr)
Account1
In addition to volunteers and conscripts serving in regular units, this total took into account 95,000 Harkis (including 20,000 in separate mokhazni district police forces and 15,000 in commando de chasse tracking units). (wikipedia.org)
Support1
A third use involved Harkis in intelligence-gathering roles, with some reported minor false-flag operations in support of intelligence collection. (wikipedia.org)
Settlers1
When Algeria gained independence in 1962, an estimated 1 million European settlers and roughly 85 000 so called »Harkis«, muslim Algerians that served as auxiliaries in the French Army, left Algeria en route to France. (uni-heidelberg.de)