Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide antibodies. Medical search. Frequent questions

Since optimal contact between B cells and T cells is required (via MHC II) to maximize antibody production, it is reasoned that the conjugate vaccine allows B cells to properly recruit T cells, this is in contrast to the polysaccharide form in which it is speculated that B cells do not interact optimally with T cells leading to the TI interaction. (wikipedia.org)
These recommendations include information on two vaccines recently licensed for use among infants: Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine (PRP-T {ActHIB(TM), OmniHIB(TM)}), manufactured by Pasteur Merieux Vaccins, and TETRAMUNE{TM}, manufactured by Lederle Laboratories/Praxis Biologics. (cdc.gov)
A bivalent meningococcal polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccine that provides protection against meningococcal serogroups C and Y along with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (Hib-MenCY-TT [MenHibrix, manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium]) is licensed for use in children aged 6 weeks through 18 months. (cdc.gov)
These observations are in agreement with another study that determined the serum antibody response to the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) polysaccharide capsule in breastfed and nonbreastled children who were vaccinated parenterally with an Hib protein conjugate vaccine [3]. (unu.edu)
2. The vaccine to Haemophilus influenzae type b is called a conjugate vaccine. (justaaa.com)
The Hib conjugate vaccine is effective for protection against capsular polysaccharide type 'b' and has decreased the rate of Hib infections to a greater extent. (statpearls.com)
Conjugate vaccine technology, where a polysaccharide antigen is coupled chemically to a protein carrier, either by direct linkage or by indirect coupling via diamino spacer molecules, can render the PS specific immune response T cell dependent. (bmj.com)
In this study we describe the in vivo biosynthesis of two novel conjugate vaccine candidates against Shigella dysenteriae type 1, an important bacterial pathogen causing severe gastro-intestinal disease states mainly in developing countries. (biomedcentral.com)
1 In countries where the H. influenzae b conjugate vaccine has been deployed, the vaccine has greatly reduced the incidence of meningitis caused by this organism. (mhmedical.com)
H. influenzae used to be the leading cause of meningitis in young children, but the use of the highly effective "conjugate" vaccine has greatly reduced the incidence of meningitis caused by this organism. (mhmedical.com)
Response of recent human immunodeficiency virus seroconverters to the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine. (ucdenver.edu)

Conjugation of the capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae to protein carriers has introduced a generation of pneumococcal vaccines which may be efficacious in preventing pneumococcal otitis media during infancy. (docksci.com)
Haemophilus influenzae type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae , and Neisseria meningitidis colonise the mucosa of the human upper respiratory tract along with other opportunistic pathogens and commensal bacteria. (bmj.com)
To be sure, splenectomised people and those with disturbed splenic MZ B cells are profoundly helpless to embodied bacterial microorganisms, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitis [ 3 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
Prolonged and preferential production of polymeric immunoglobulin A in response to Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides. (ucdenver.edu)
The spleen most importantly protects against infections from polysaccharide-encapsulated bacteria including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type B, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella, and group B Streptococci (SHiNE SKiS) 1 . (healthjade.net)
Bacterial counts from nasal lavage culture of mice after pretreatment with 10 or 1 μg of RC-527 or vehicle and in wild-type (wt) C3H/HeOuJ and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) complex-deficient C3H/HeJ mice uninfected (open symbols) or infected (solid symbols) with Streptococcus pneumoniae at postinoculation day 2. (jamanetwork.com)
Bacterial counts from nasal lavage culture after infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae in wild-type C3H/HeOuJ and TLR4 complex-deficient C3H/HeJ mice at postinoculation days 2 and 21. (jamanetwork.com)
Numbers of total CD11b + (A), GR1 + (B), CD4 + (C), and CD8 + (D) cells after infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae in wild-type C3H/HeOuJ and TLR4 complex-deficient C3H/HeJ mice at postinoculation days 2 and 21. (jamanetwork.com)

Conjugation of the PRP polysaccharide with protein carriers confers T-cell- dependent characteristics to the vaccine and substantially enhances the immunologic response to the PRP antigen. (cdc.gov)
Like other polysaccharides, the polyribosyl ribitol phosphate (PRP) of the Hib capsule is a T-independent antigen and not immunogenic when administered as a vaccine in infancy. (ox.ac.uk)
With the help of T cell derived factors, the antigen specific B cells produce a much enhanced antibody response. (bmj.com)
These components are the Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide [polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP)] that is covalently bound to an outer membrane protein complex (OMPC) of Neisseria meningitidis and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from recombinant yeast cultures. (theodora.com)
Identification and quantitation of capsular antigen in capsulated and noncapsulated strains of Haemophilus influenzae type b by crossed-immunoelectrophoresis. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Characterization of the capsular antigen isolated from Haemophilus influenzae type b and two spontaneous noncapsulated mutants. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Antibody bound to worm tegumental antigen causes shedding of the bound complex in ~20 minutes at 37 o C [ 503 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Some bacteria also shed bound antigen-antibody immune complexes [ 1737 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Immunization with Pneumocystis Cross-Reactive Antigen 1 (Pca1) Protects Mice against Pneumocystis Pneumonia and Generates Antibody to Pneumocystis jirovecii. (rochester.edu)
Immunoelectrophoresis in which immunoprecipitation occurs when antigen at the cathode is caused to migrate in an electric field through a suitable medium of diffusion against a stream of antibody migrating from the anode as a result of endosmotic flow. (lookformedical.com)
Antibodies which elicit IMMUNOPRECIPITATION when combined with antigen. (lookformedical.com)
Passive agglutination tests in which antigen is adsorbed onto latex particles which then clump in the presence of antibody specific for the adsorbed antigen. (lookformedical.com)
Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction. (lookformedical.com)
Immunoelectrophoresis in which a second electrophoretic transport is performed on the initially separated antigen fragments into an antibody-containing medium in a direction perpendicular to the first electrophoresis. (lookformedical.com)

An example is the development of polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b. (nature.com)
Routine use of these vaccines has nearly eliminated meningitis and other diseases caused by H. influenzae type b 6 . (nature.com)
These vaccines contained purified polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) capsular material from type b strains. (cdc.gov)
PRP vaccines were ineffective in children less than 18 months of age because of the T-cell-independent nature of the immune response to PRP polysaccharide (3). (cdc.gov)
Specific characteristics of the four conjugate vaccines available for infants and children vary (e.g., the type of protein carrier, the size of the polysaccharide, and the chemical linkage between the polysaccharide and carrier) ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
The chinchilla model has been used extensively for studying the pathogenesis of pneumococcal otitis media and for testing the efficacy of early pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PCP) vaccines, but immunologic studies in the chinchilla have been limited by the lack of antibodies against specific immunoglobulin isotypes. (docksci.com)
The purified capsular polysaccharides (PCPs) from the most common pneumococcal serotypes that cause disease have been formulated into polyvalent vaccines, and children immunized with the vaccines develop specific antibodies against some of the serotypes (3, 7, 10, 11, 22-24, 33). (docksci.com)
Conjugation of the capsular polysaccharides of S. pneumoniae to protein carriers has introduced a second generation of pneumococcal vaccines (30). (docksci.com)
In general, combining DTaP and HibT vaccines did not affect the antibody levels to tetanus and diphtheria toxoids whereas DTaP-HibT combination vaccine elicited significantly lower IgG antibodies to pertussis toxin and filamentous haemagglutinin than DTaP vaccine alone, particularly after first injection. (rostlab.org)
Suppression of Hib antibody response in combination vaccines has also been reported from recent clinical trials. (rostlab.org)
Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines. (ox.ac.uk)
Because the highest rates of disease occur in the first 2 years of life, efficacious Hib vaccines have been designed by covalently linking the PRP capsule to a carrier protein that recruits T-cell help for the polysaccharide immune response and induces anti-PRP antibody production even in the first 6 months of life. (ox.ac.uk)
Introduction of Hib protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines into many industrialized countries over the past 15 years has resulted in the virtual elimination of invasive Hib disease. (ox.ac.uk)
The introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines during the 1990s was followed by dramatic decreases both in the incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b related invasive disease and in nasopharyngeal carriage of the organism. (bmj.com)
The extent of this effect has been influenced by the fact that Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines reduce nasopharyngeal carriage and induce herd immunity. (bmj.com)
Based on the success of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines, chemical conjugation has been applied to the development of pneumococcal and meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. (bmj.com)
Evidence has begun to accumulate that these new polysaccharide based conjugate vaccines can also reduce nasopharyngeal carriage and can induce immune responses at the local mucosal level, which may be responsible for these effects. (bmj.com)
This article reviews recent studies on mucosal immune responses induced by polysaccharide based vaccines and some protein vaccine antigens against several pathogenic nasopharyngeal bacteria, and discusses the mechanisms and functions of these immune responses that may help our understanding of mucosal immune responses to both immunisation and infection. (bmj.com)
Recent studies show that parenterally administered capsular polysaccharide (PS) based vaccines can induce mucosal immune responses. (bmj.com)
Prior to the introduction of Haemophilus b conjugate vaccines, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) was the most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis and a leading cause of serious, systemic bacterial disease in young children worldwide. (theodora.com)
Maintaining protection against invasive bacteria with protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. (ox.ac.uk)
The use of protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines in developed countries over the past two decades has markedly decreased the burden of disease and mortality from these organisms through direct protection of the immunized and through herd immunity. (ox.ac.uk)
Overview of Immunization Immunity can be achieved Actively by using antigens (eg, vaccines, toxoids) Passively by using antibodies (eg, immune globulins, antitoxins) A toxoid is a bacterial toxin that has been modified. (msdmanuals.com)
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines are prepared from the purified capsule of Haemophilus influenzae type b. (msdmanuals.com)
Conjugate vaccines in which polysaccharide antigens are covalently linked to carrier proteins belong to the most effective and safest vaccines against bacterial pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast to isolated bacterial polysaccharides, conjugate vaccines induce a long-lasting T-lymphocyte dependent immunological memory [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Most notably routine immunization of infants with conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type B led to a fast and dramatic drop in respective disease incidents after implementation. (biomedcentral.com)
The processes are time-consuming and costly, and often large-scale cultivation of pathogenic bacteria is required for polysaccharide biosynthesis, making conjugate vaccines prohibitively expensive for vaccination campaigns in developing countries. (biomedcentral.com)
There are 2 types of pneumococcal vaccines: conjugate and polysaccharide. (merckmanuals.com)
[10] In Canada and the United States the vaccines effective against four types of meningococcus (A, C, W, and Y) are recommended routinely for teenagers and others who are at high risk. (roaldbradstock.com)

The Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine, also known as Hib vaccine, is a vaccine used to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infection. (wikipedia.org)
An initial Hib vaccine consisting of plain (unconjugated) type b polysaccharide, was introduced in the United States in 1985. (wikipedia.org)
Hib vaccine is not effective against non-type B Haemophilus influenzae. (wikipedia.org)
However, non-type B disease is rare in comparison to pre-vaccine rates of Haemophilus influenzae type B disease. (wikipedia.org)
The CDC and the WHO recommend that all infants be vaccinated using a polysaccharide-protein conjugate Hib vaccine, starting after the age of six weeks. (wikipedia.org)
PRP covalently linked to a protein carrier was found to elicit a greater immune response than the polysaccharide form of the vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
Quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4 [Menommune, manufactured by sanofi pasteur, Inc., Swiftwater, Pennsylvania]) is the only vaccine licensed for use among persons aged ≥56 years. (cdc.gov)
This results both in enhanced vaccine responses and, at times, down-regulation of other immune reactivities, such as transplant rejection and the risk of developing certain immunologic diseases, such as type I diabetes. (unu.edu)
When this vaccine is given to the patient, it acts against the polysaccharide in the infants and weakens it to prevent Hemophilius Influenzae. (justaaa.com)
Antibody titers increased in serum from five chinchillas immunized with a type 6B outer membrane protein complex vaccine. (docksci.com)
Since the conjugated polyribosyl ribitol phosphate-OMPC vaccine elicits a protective antibody response in infants as young as 2 months of age (31), it is reasonable to expect that the PCP-OMPC conjugates will have equally good immunogenicities. (docksci.com)
The type 6B-OMPC vaccine (lot 1193), provided by Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories (West Point, Pa. (docksci.com)
A guinea pig model to assess the immunogenicity of a combination vaccine containing diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) capsular polysaccharide conjugated to tetanus toxoid (HibT) was evaluated comparatively with the mouse immunogenicity test to study the effect of combining these antigens on the immunogenicity of various components. (rostlab.org)
Aluminium phosphate (AIPO(4)) adsorbed HibT vaccine or HibT as a combination with AIPO(4)adsorbed DTaP vaccine showed significant increases in IgG antibodies to tetanus toxin in mice as well increased tetanus antitoxin levels in guinea pigs as compared to soluble HibT vaccine. (rostlab.org)
Currently, non-encapsulated H. influenzae , also called non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi), is responsible for the majority of cases of otitis media, sinusitis, and pneumonia in patients that have already been immunized with the vaccine. (statpearls.com)
We compared the post-booster anti-pertussis and anti-pneumococcus IgG antibody concentrations among children of Tdap-vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers for different vaccine schedules and vaccine formulations. (bvsalud.org)
In the post-Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine era, invasive H. influenzae type a (Hia) disease emerged in North American Indigenous populations. (bvsalud.org)
elivaldogene autotemcel, haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine. (medscape.com)
There are a number of polysaccharide vaccine formulations. (ncccam.com)
In certain circumstances in which a single vaccine type is being used (e.g., in preparation for a community influenza vaccination campaign), filling a small number (10 or fewer) of syringes may be considered (5). (cdc.gov)
The pure polysaccharide vaccine Menomune, MPSV4, was discontinued in the United States in 2017. (roaldbradstock.com)
Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV-4), Menomune, has been available since the 1970s. (roaldbradstock.com)
CanSinoBio Ad5-EBOV is an adenovirus type 5 recombinant vector-based Ebola virus disease vaccine that protects against Ebola virus disease. (precisionvaccinations.com)
Adenovirus Type 4 and Type 7 Vaccine elicit immunity to adenovirus serotypes 4 and 7 which are most often associated with acute respiratory disease. (precisionvaccinations.com)

Encapsulated strains are divided, on the basis of capsular antigens, into 6 serotypes designated a through f . (medscape.com)
Children's blood samples were analyzed post-booster at 13 (2 + 1 schedule) or 19 (3 + 1 schedule) months of age for antibodies against pertussis antigens (pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN)) and pneumococcal antigens (serotypes 4, 18C, 19A, and 19F). (bvsalud.org)
Also, serum antibodies recognized in these people show restricted ability to opsonise epitomized bacterial antigens. (alliedacademies.org)
Phenotypic and genetic variation in the susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae type b to antibodies to somatic antigens. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Bacterial antigens cross-reactive with the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae type b. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) for detection of pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens in pleural fluid effusion samples. (scielo.br)
Comparison with bacterial culture, counterimmunoelectrophoresis and latex agglutination Dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) for detection of pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens in pleural fluid effusion samples. (scielo.br)
Sensitive tests to measure certain antigens, antibodies, or viruses, using their ability to agglutinate certain erythrocytes. (lookformedical.com)

the main component of this capsule is polyribosyl ribitol phosphate (PRP). (wikipedia.org)
Type 6B PCP has been conjugated with Neisseria meningitidis group B outer membrane protein complex (OMPC) by a methodology similar to that used in conjugating the polyribosyl ribitol phosphate capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae type b to OMPC (25). (docksci.com)
10 μg of purified polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus Influenzae type B covalently bound to 30 μg of tetanus toxoid. (mediresource.com)

Haemophilus influenzae strains with other encapsulated serotypes such as a or f, or non-encapsulated strains, have been recognized to cause invasive disease, particularly in high risk populations. (wikipedia.org)
Haemophilus strains may be encapsulated or unencapsulated. (medscape.com)
Encapsulated strains (also known as typeable) are surrounded by a polysaccharide capsule that plays an important role in the determination of virulence of the organism. (medscape.com)
Unencapsulated strains lack the polysaccharide capsule and are designated untypable strains. (medscape.com)
They can also help to differentiate true NTHi from Haemophilus haemolyticus and from those H. influenzae strains that possess a complete or partial capsule focus. (statpearls.com)
but not infections caused by other strains of H. influenzae bacteria. (msdmanuals.com)
A study of the population dynamics of strains of Hemophilus influenzae type b in combined infection with influenza C virus in embryonated eggs. (microbiologyresearch.org)
A comparative study of the virulence of smooth, rough and respiratory strains of Haemophilus influenzae as determined by infection of mice with mucin suspensions of the organisms. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Historically, encapsulated, type b (Hib) strain accounts for most bacteremic pneumonia and invasive disease, whereas non-encapsulated strains mostly cause otitis media , sinusitis , AECB and pneumonia . (hopkinsguides.com)
Non-typeable H. influenzae strains more common now than type b. (hopkinsguides.com)
Other Haemophilus strains ( H. aphrophilus, now called Aggregatibacter aphrophilus ) occasional cause of infection in HIV. (hopkinsguides.com)
Strains type a and type f increasingly identified as causing severe H. influenzae infection. (hopkinsguides.com)
Procedures for identifying types and strains of fungi. (lookformedical.com)

Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B are grown in complex fermentation media. (theodora.com)
The primary ingredients of the phenol-inactivated fermentation medium for Haemophilus influenzae include an extract of yeast, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, hemin chloride, soy peptone, dextrose, and mineral salts and for Neisseria meningitidis include an extract of yeast, amino acids and mineral salts. (theodora.com)
The PRP-OMPC conjugate is prepared by the chemical coupling of the highly purified PRP (polyribosylribitol phosphate) of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Haemophilus b, Ross strain) to an OMPC of the B11 strain of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. The coupling of the PRP to the OMPC is necessary for enhanced immunogenicity of the PRP. (theodora.com)
Neisseria meningitidis has 13 clinically significant serogroups , classified according to the antigenic structure of their polysaccharide capsule. (roaldbradstock.com)

7] found a long-term protective effect of breastfeeding against invasive H. influenzae infections such as meningitis and epiglottitis. (unu.edu)
Throughout the modern era of bacteriology, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) has been identified as one of the three most common causes of bacterial meningitis in adolescents. (medscape.com)
See Prevention of Haemophilus Meningitis. (medscape.com)
Transmissibility of H influenzae infection and the capacity of this organism to cause purulent meningitis were first demonstrated by Wollstein in 1911. (medscape.com)
She also drew attention to the marked tendency for Haemophilus meningitis to occur in infants and young children. (medscape.com)
In 1931, Pittman demonstrated that H influenzae type b (Hib) accounted for almost all cases of meningitis. (medscape.com)
In an important series of studies published in 1933, Fothergill and Wright enlarged the epidemiologic understanding of Hib meningitis, the protective role of passively transmitted maternal antibodies, and the inadequacy of host immune response from infancy to age 3 years. (medscape.com)
The first attempts at treatment, which resulted in only modest reductions in the high mortality rate of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) meningitis, involved the administration of antisera generated by intrathecal inoculation of horses. (medscape.com)
They can also cause many other types of serious infections such as meningitis, epiglottitis, cellulitis, septic arthritis, and even empyema and bacteremia. (statpearls.com)
Polysaccharide-encapsulated organisms are the leading cause of bacterial meningitis and pneumonia in children. (ox.ac.uk)
It is used to prevent tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), polio, and infections (such as meningitis, lung infections, and heart infections) caused by the bacterium Hemophilus influenzae B (Hib) in infants and children ages 6 weeks to 2 years. (mediresource.com)

Between the ages of 21 and 40 months, serum IgG antibodies to diphtheria toxoid and neutralizing serum antibodies to poliovirus were also significantly increased among the breastfed group compared with the formula-fed controls. (unu.edu)
It is composed of the tetanus toxoid protein conjugated to the capsular polysaccharide of the H. influenzae type b bacteria. (justaaa.com)
Reducing the amount of HibT and/or tetanus toxoid in the combination formulations reduced this suppression of Hib antibody response in guinea pigs. (rostlab.org)

All of the serotypes, particularly type b, are common etiological agents in lower respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia. (statpearls.com)
This work involves production of monoclonal antibodies, cloning of P. carinii genes (in collaboration with Dr. C.G. Haidaris and Dr. P.J. Haidaris, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and of Medicine), and extensive use of animal models of P. carinii pneumonia. (rochester.edu)
HIV appears to be a risk factor for developing invasive disease due to H. influenzae type b, especially bacteremic pneumonia. (hopkinsguides.com)
The sensitivity of Gram stain and culture probably ~50% in pts with H. influenzae pneumonia. (hopkinsguides.com)
H. influenzae responsible for 3-40% of HIV-related bacterial pneumonia. (hopkinsguides.com)

A significantly higher salivary SlgA antibody response was obtained in breastfed than in nonbreastfed Italian infants after parenteral vaccination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and after oral poliovirus vaccination [2]. (unu.edu)
Stool SlgA antibodies could not be used to measure the antibody response because of the presence of milk SlgA antibodies in the stool of breastfed infants. (unu.edu)
These observations of the secretory antibody increases were obtained in infants 3 and 4 months of age. (unu.edu)
Impaired haemophilus influenzae type b transplacental antibody transmission and declining antibody avidity through the first year of life represent potential vulnerabilities for HIV-exposed but -uninfected infants. (ucdenver.edu)
Unlike the older PPSV23, PCV13 can stimulate antibody responses in infants. (merckmanuals.com)

The polysaccharide that is present in the bacteria imparts it protection and does not allow the organism to be destroyed. (justaaa.com)
Haemophilus influenzae is a bacteria characterized as a small, facultatively anaerobic, pleomorphic, and capnophilic gram-negative coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. (statpearls.com)
Haemophilus influenzae disease is a name collectively used for any kind of infection caused by the bacteria called Haemophilus influenzae . (statpearls.com)
It has long been recognised that serum antibodies to capsular PS of some bacteria including H influenzae type b, S pneumoniae , and N meningitidis are protective against invasive disease. (bmj.com)
Bacteria then disappear from the blood because of antibody mediated phagocytosis, lysis, and agglutination, and then the fever falls. (nanomedicine.com)
It works by increasing a child's defenses against the bacteria and viruses that cause these infections, by stimulating the production of the child's own antibodies. (mediresource.com)
These antibodies remain in the body until needed to fight off the viruses and bacteria causing these infections if the child is exposed to them. (mediresource.com)
Infections of the nervous system caused by bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS, and marked by prominent inflammation of the MENINGES. (lookformedical.com)

Haemophilus epiglottitis: nine recent cases in Oxford. (microbiologyresearch.org)

However, the antibody responses in children younger than 2 years of age have been poor, especially against the most common serotypes, such as 6A and 6B. (docksci.com)
It is suspected that the high frequency of disease caused by these serotypes is, therefore, related to the poor immunogenicities of these capsular polysaccharides. (docksci.com)
Some of H. influenzae have a polysaccharide capsule depending upon which they are classified into 6 distinct groups designated as serotypes a, b, c, d, e, and f. (statpearls.com)
polysaccharide of the 23 most prevalent serotypes. (ncccam.com)

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is one of the leading causes of invasive bacterial infection in young children worldwide. (ox.ac.uk)
Describe the typical patient presentation as revealed in their history and examination with Haemophilus influenza infection. (statpearls.com)
Review the interprofessional team strategies for improving care coordination and communication to enhance the care of patients with Haemophilus influenzae infection. (statpearls.com)
The other capsular types are less common causes of infection. (statpearls.com)
Nosocomial spread of Haemophilus influenzae type b infection documented by outer membrane protein subtype analysis. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Experimental combined viral and bacterial infection (influenza C and Hemophilus influenzae type b) in embryonated eggs. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Which antibody class is likely to be elevated in an acute infection? (mockdocs.org)
H. influenzae serotype a (Hia) increasingly noted as a cause of severe, invasive infection. (hopkinsguides.com)
In one series, accounted for ~30% of invasive H. influenzae infection in Manitoba. (hopkinsguides.com)
Type f strain also increasingly recognized as a cause of severe infection, though less common than Hia. (hopkinsguides.com)

The encapsulated bacterium is further subdivided into 'a' through 'f' subtypes based on capsule type. (statpearls.com)
With each attack, a new antigenic variant of the bacterium appears and a new set of antibodies is formed in the host. (nanomedicine.com)

Humans are the only known host for Haemophilus influenzae . (medscape.com)
H. influenzae and B. pertussis are found only in humans, whereas L. pneumophila is found primarily in environmental water sources. (mhmedical.com)
A species of HAEMOPHILUS found on the mucous membranes of humans and a variety of animals. (lookformedical.com)

We have shown the presence of such anti-antibodies against poliovirus in human milk [4]. (unu.edu)

Treatment of type-specific Hemophilus influenzae infections in infancy and childhood. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The potency of the PRP-OMPC component is measured by quantitating the polysaccharide concentration by an HPLC method. (theodora.com)

Haemophilus species are small oxidase-positive pleomorphic gram-negative aerobic or facultative anaerobic coccobacilli. (medscape.com)
Haemophilus influenzae is characterized as a small (0.3 micrometer to 1 micrometer), facultatively anaerobic, pleomorphic, and capnophilic gram-negative coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae . (statpearls.com)
There are four medically important gram-negative rods typically associated with the respiratory tract, namely, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Legionella pneumophila, and Acinetobacter baumannii ( Table 19-1 ). (mhmedical.com)
H. influenzae is a small, pleomorphic gram-negative rod (coccobacillary rod) with a polysaccharide capsule ( Figure 19-1 ). (mhmedical.com)

With an appropriate design, nanorobots could alter their antigenic signature ( Section 5.3.6 ) fast enough to avoid antibodies from being raised at all. (nanomedicine.com)

The majority of invasive H. influenzae disease is now caused by non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi) in all age groups in the US. (statpearls.com)

The aim of this study was to determine the Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) antibody concentrations in beta-thalassaemia patients with or without spleens. (scialert.net)
Identify the pathophysiology of Haemophilus influenza infections. (statpearls.com)
Summarize the treatment considerationsfor Haemophilus influenza infections. (statpearls.com)

Also, the precise level of antibody required for protection against invasive disease is not clearly established. (cdc.gov)

Antibody against PRP was shown to be the primary component of serum bactericidal activity against the organism. (cdc.gov)
During childhood, acquisition of antibody directed against the polysaccharide capsule of the organism, presumably as a result of asymptomatic carriage, confers protection and disease is much less common after the age of 4 years. (ox.ac.uk)
HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B is the most common causative organism. (lookformedical.com)

You can't stop thinking about school and about which antibodies are conveyed from mother to child as a natural passive immunity. (mockdocs.org)

Emergence due to intrinsic capsular virulence factors of Hia as well as pressure from the success of Hib immunization [8] . (hopkinsguides.com)

Therefore, adequate antibody concentrations play an important role in preventing infections caused by these pathogens. (scialert.net)

new specific antibodies. (docksci.com)
In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. (lookformedical.com)

Bacteremic Haemophilus influenzae genitourinary tract infections in adults. (microbiologyresearch.org)

H. influenzae is the most notable species, but a notable decline in past decades has been achieved due to active childhood immunization ( Hib ). (hopkinsguides.com)

Enzyme immunoassay for detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA antibodies against type 6B pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide and cell wall C polysaccharide in chinchilla serum. (docksci.com)
By using affinity-purified rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-chinchilla IgG, IgM, and IgA, we developed a sensitive enzyme immunoassay that is highly specific for IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies against type 6B PCP (anti-6B) and against C polysaccharide in chinchilla serum. (docksci.com)
We describe here a sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that is highly specific for measuring immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA antibodies against type 6B PCP (anti-6B) in chinchilla serum. (docksci.com)
1. Which segment of an immunoglobulin is responsible for determining the class of the antibody? (mockdocs.org)

Direct comparison of studies is complicated by differing vaccination and blood collection regimens and interlaboratory variation in assays for measurement of PRP antibody. (cdc.gov)
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the types of lymphadenitis after BCG vaccination and the effect of local rifampicin instillation on the treatment of suppurative BCG lymphadenitis. (e-cep.org)

Haemophilus ducreyi , the agent of chancroid, is discussed in Chapter 27 . (mhmedical.com)

and that linkage of polysaccharide to protein results in a T-cell-dependent antibody response to both components. (nature.com)

The Hib antibody concentrations were investigated in 850 patients with thalassaemia major, of whom 437 had undergone splenectomy. (scialert.net)

However, the antibody response to PRP was quite variable in young children, and diminished rapidly after administration. (wikipedia.org)
Immune activation and virologic response to immunization in recent HIV type 1 seroconverters. (ucdenver.edu)

However, H. influenzae type b remains rare, so immunization unwarranted in adults, including HIV+ pts. (hopkinsguides.com)

Anatomy8

Organisms17

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs56

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes25

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science5

Named Groups2

Health Care8

Geographicals2

Conjugate vaccine11

Streptococcus8

Antigen14

Vaccines30

Vaccine24

Antigens8

Polyribosyl ribitol phosphate3

Strains13

Neisseria4

Meningitis11

Toxoid3

Pneumonia5

Infants5

Bacteria8

Epiglottitis1

Serotypes4

Infection10

Bacterium2

Humans3

Poliovirus1

Hemophilus1

OMPC1

Gram-negative4

Antigenic1

Caused by non-typeable1

Influenza3

Invasive disease1

Organism3

Immunity1

Virulence factors1

Pathogens1

Specific antibodies2

Bacteremic1

Species1

Immunoglobulin4

Vaccination2

Ducreyi1

Linkage1

Concentrations1

Response2

Adults1