• During March 2006, an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) occurred in multiple poultry farms in Israel. (cdc.gov)
  • Eight more outbreak foci in commercial poultry farms in small settlements were identified within 2 weeks ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Turkey farms, accounting for 10% of Israeli poultry farms, were unproportionally involved in this outbreak (6/9 outbreak foci). (cdc.gov)
  • In Poland, this genotype was responsible for several poultry outbreaks between December 2022 and January 2023 and has been identified only sporadically since February 2023. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • Stamping out of all domestic poultry is being applied in an approximately 3-km-radius zone around the outbreak followed by compensation to the owners. (flutrackers.com)
  • A small number of sporadic human cases of A(H5N1) have been identified since 2022, despite the panzootic of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) viruses in wild birds and poultry. (cdc.gov)
  • Nearly all reported human cases since 2022 were associated with poultry exposures, and no cases of mammal-to-human or human-to-human transmission of HPAI A(H5N1) virus have been identified. (cdc.gov)
  • To date, HPAI A(H5N1) viruses currently circulating in birds and poultry, with spillover to mammals, and those that have caused human infections do not have the ability to easily bind to receptors that predominate in the human upper respiratory tract. (cdc.gov)
  • However, because of the potential for influenza viruses to rapidly evolve and the wide global prevalence of HPAI A(H5N1) viruses in wild birds and poultry outbreaks, continued sporadic human infections are anticipated. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC is actively working on the domestic situation with clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI A(H5N1) viruses in wild birds and poultry outbreaks, including conducting surveillance among people with relevant exposures and preparing for the possibility that contemporary HPAI A(H5N1) viruses gain the ability for increased transmissibility to people. (cdc.gov)
  • To date, few changes in HPAI A(H5N1) viruses of public health concern have been identified and such changes have differed between various HPAI A(H5N1) viruses circulating in wild birds and poultry worldwide or that have sporadically infected humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI A(H5N1) viruses emerged in 2020 and were introduced into North America in late 2021 [ 1,2 ] and have spread to Central and South America, resulting in wild bird infections (in terrestrial, seabird, shorebird, and migratory species) and poultry outbreaks in many countries [ 3-8 ]. (cdc.gov)
  • In January 2004 a major new outbreak of H5N1 surfaced in Vietnam and Thailand's poultry industry, and within weeks spread to ten countries and regions in Asia, including Indonesia, South Korea, Japan and China. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fresh outbreaks in poultry were confirmed in Ayutthaya and Pathumthani provinces of Thailand, and Chaohu city in Anhui, China. (wikipedia.org)
  • A cull of all poultry has been ordered by the Malaysian government within a 10 km radius of the location of this outbreak. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the past, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry began following the primary introduction of a virus, of low pathogenicity, probably carried by a wild bird. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the present outbreaks, however, asymptomatic domestic ducks can directly introduce the virus, in its highly pathogenic form, to poultry flocks. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evaluating the impact of environmental temperature on global highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks in domestic poultry. (flugenome.org)
  • The outcomes confirmed that greater environmental temperature was a major threat issue for earlier incidence of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in home poultry, particularly for a temperature of 25 °C. Its influence various with epidemic waves (EWs), and the magnitude of the influence tended to extend over EWs. (flugenome.org)
  • The info clearly demonstrated the motion of H5N1 strains between Asian nations included on this research on account of migration of untamed birds and/or unlawful motion of poultry throughout borders. (flugenome.org)
  • According to Follow-up Report No.3 dated 9 May to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), the veterinary authority in Burkina Faso reports four new outbreaks of high-path avian flu in poultry. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Poultry workers and their trade unions, however, are typically off the radar in most countries affected by H5N1 viral outbreaks - despite the obvious fact that poultry workers are in the front line of exposure to the virus, and represent the most likely potential vectors for spreading the virus should it mutate into a form more easily transmissible from human to human. (iuf.org)
  • At global level, UNSIC's global action plan makes reference to (unresourced) ILO participation as a UN partner in their inter-agency planning, but otherwise it's business as usual at the UN: the UNSIC website contains no concrete references to or information for poultry workers and their unions in the fight against the spread of H5N1. (iuf.org)
  • Since April 2014, new infections of H5N6 avian influenza virus (AIV) in humans and domestic poultry have caused considerable economic losses in the poultry industry and posed an enormous threat to human health worldwide. (frontiersin.org)
  • Since 2003, multiple highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) H5 subtypes, including H5N1, H5N2, H5N6, and H5N8, have generated severe epidemics and thus not only tremendous economic losses in the domestic poultry industry, but also serious threats to human health worldwide ( Jhung and Nelson, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Exposure to live or dead poultry contaminated with avian influenza A virus results in the increase of human cases of avian influenza infection. (medindia.net)
  • NIOSH alert: protecting poultry workers from avian influenza (bird flu). (cdc.gov)
  • The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) requests help in protecting poultry workers from infection with viruses that cause avian influenza (also known as bird flu). (cdc.gov)
  • Some types of avian influenza viruses can cause serious illness or death in poultry and other birds. (cdc.gov)
  • Recommendations for protecting poultry workers from avian influenza. (cdc.gov)
  • HPAI H5N1 virus was detected in one poultry meat sample. (flu.org.cn)
  • Avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 was confirmed in commercial poultry on April 29 at premises near Cantley, Doncaster, according to the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs. (thestar.co.uk)
  • Nearly 5 million chicken, turkeys and ducks have been slaughtered this year because of a persistent bird flu outbreak that began in 2022, but as big as that number may sound, it's far less than the number of birds killed last year and that means consumers generally aren't seeing as much impact on poultry and egg prices. (yahoo.com)
  • While that decline is welcome news, the fact that infections continue is a worrisome indication that unlike earlier outbreaks, the current virus has found a way to survive through the summers , and poultry will likely always be at risk of the disease. (yahoo.com)
  • In 2003, outbreaks of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus had a major negative impact on the global poultry industry. (usda.gov)
  • Initially, import demand for both uncooked and cooked poultry declined substantially, due to consumers' fear of contracting avian influenza by eating poultry meat. (usda.gov)
  • In 2006, the world poultry industry was again under pressure due to HPAI H5N1 outbreaks, this time in Europe. (usda.gov)
  • This was quite different from the avian influenza (AI) outbreaks in Europe and Africa, which occurred mostly in poultry farms where migratory birds played an important role [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The increasing number of fatal cases due to H5N1 infections prompted the government of Hong Kong to initiate policies forbidding the slaughtering of live chickens or other poultry in wet markets [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Romania and Bulgaria Report Bird Flu Romania and Bulgaria have reported outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza among poultry, the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) said on Friday, as Europe faces a seasonal upturn in the deadly disease. (medscape.com)
  • Poland, Major EU Poultry Producer, Reports Bird Flu Outbreak Poland, the European Union's largest poultry producer, has reported an outbreak of the highly contagious H5N1 bird flu virus among poultry in the northern part of the country. (medscape.com)
  • Norway Reports Bird Flu Outbreak in Backyard Poultry Norway has reported an outbreak of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza, commonly called bird flu, among poultry in the northern part of the country, the World Organisation for Animal Health said. (medscape.com)
  • Bird Flu Infects Commercial US Poultry Flock The US has detected its first case of avian flu on a commercial poultry farm since April, in a flock of 47,300 turkeys in Jerauld County, South Dakota, the US Department of Agriculture said. (medscape.com)
  • Laboratory results following an outbreak of bird flu in Angus have identified the strain as "highly pathogenic" in poultry. (stv.tv)
  • Focusing on the avian flu virus strain H5N1, research published in the journal PLOS ONE identifies key stages in the poultry trade chain which lead to its transmission to other birds, animals and humans. (poultryworld.net)
  • The H5N1 avian flu strain has been responsible for the deaths of millions of poultry, as well as 375 confirmed human deaths. (poultryworld.net)
  • Areas of Southeast Asia have been hardest hit with more than 2,500 reported outbreaks among domestic poultry in Vietnam alone. (poultryworld.net)
  • We identified poultry transportation, slaughter, preparation and consumption as critical control points in response to HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in Vietnam. (poultryworld.net)
  • As a result of the outbreak, many of South Africa's regional trading partners have imposed import restrictions on South Africa's egg and poultry products. (usda.gov)
  • Since the beginning of November 2014, nine outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) A(H5N8) in poultry have been detected in four European countries. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • Experiences from outbreaks of A(H5N1) in Europe demonstrated that early detection to control HPAIV in poultry has proven pivotal to minimise the risk of zoonotic transmission and prevention of human cases. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • In response to the global outbreak in birds of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI)​ A(H5N1), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the California Department of Public Health (CPDH) are encouraging continued testing for influenza this summer among persons with severe respiratory illness or who are exposed to poultry or swine. (ca.gov)
  • Healthcare providers should always consider influenza testing, including subtyping, for patients with respiratory illness who are at higher risk for contracting novel or variant ​influenza, such as those exposed to wild birds, poultry, or swine, which may occur more often during agricultural fair season. (ca.gov)
  • In poultry and wild birds, A(H5N1) and A(H5N6) subtypes were the most widely distributed, with outbreaks reported from 10 and eight countries and areas, respectively. (who.int)
  • Avian influenza viruses occur naturally among wild aquatic birds and cause occasional outbreaks in domestic poultry and other animal species. (who.int)
  • As of September 2017, outbreaks associated with A(H5N1) viruses in domestic poultry and wild birds have occurred in more than 60 countries, and sporadic human infections with A(H5N1) viruses have been reported in 16 countries. (who.int)
  • Springdale (aho) - Tyson Foods Inc., the second largest U.S. chicken producer, on Tuesday said that a flock of breeder hens (15,000 animals) at the farm of one of its contract poultry producers in northwest Arkansas has been exposed to a low pathogenic strain of avian influenza (AI). (animal-health-online.de)
  • In late April, a state prison inmate who worked on a commercial poultry farm in Colorado tested positive for avian influenza A(H5) (see Infographic). (medscape.com)
  • The man was helping kill poultry that probably had the H5N1 bird flu. (medscape.com)
  • Avian influenza is caused by strains of influenza A that normally infect only wild birds and domestic poultry. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Avian influenza infections are often asymptomatic in wild birds but may cause highly lethal illness in domestic poultry. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The detection of influenza A(H5) virus in nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal samples collected from individuals in close contact with infected poultry or other birds, whether the individuals are symptomatic or not, is not unexpected. (who.int)
  • 0.7% per day) were positive for avian influenza subtype H5 by PCR. (cdc.gov)
  • Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 was later confirmed by virus isolation. (cdc.gov)
  • The emergence and unfold of extremely pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A virus subtype H5N1 in Asia, Europe and Africa has had an enormously socioeconomic influence and presents an vital risk to human well being due to its environment friendly animal-to-human transmission. (flugenome.org)
  • The presence of the H5N1 subtype of the virus has been confirmed. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Bird flu of the H5N1 subtype, pathogenicity to be confirmed, was reported at a premises in Frinton-on-Sea, Defra said on Thursday (11 November). (farminguk.com)
  • Unusually, in the spring of 2022, the HPAI virus (subtype H5N1) spread into our globally important colonies of nesting seabirds. (bto.org)
  • For the new study, published Wednesday in the journal Cell Host and Microbe , researchers exposed ferrets to different strains of H10N7, the virus subtype responsible for the 2014 seal flu outbreak. (upi.com)
  • In addition, these same mutations were required to render highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype transmissible via the air between ferrets -- a model organism for mammal influenza research. (upi.com)
  • Throughout the year, any samples that are influenza A positive and for which subtyping was attempted but did not identify a seasonal influenza subtype should be reported to your local health department and urgently directed to a local public health laboratory for additional testing. (ca.gov)
  • subtype (i.e. avian influenza viruses to infections such as avian influenza and For this review we included pub- including H5N1, H7N9, H7N2 and Middle East respiratory syndrome cor- lished and unpublished reports of the H9N2, swine flu/pandemic influenza onavirus (MERS-CoV). (who.int)
  • All cases of human infection with an influenza A subtype other than H1 or H3 must be reported. (msdmanuals.com)
  • All human infections caused by a new influenza subtype are required to be reported under the International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005).4 This includes any influenza A virus that has demonstrated the capacity to infect a human and its haemagglutinin gene (or protein) is not a mutated form of those, i.e. (who.int)
  • H5 candidate vaccine viruses (CVV) produced by CDC are expected to provide good protection against current clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI A(H5N1) viruses in birds and mammals. (cdc.gov)
  • Globally, this 2.3.4.4b clade of HPAI A(H5N1) viruses has become widespread causing record numbers of bird outbreaks in wild, backyard, village, and farm birds. (cdc.gov)
  • In the United States, USDA APHIS monitors for avian influenza viruses in wild, commercial, and backyard birds. (cdc.gov)
  • The global spread of (highly pathogenic) H5N1 in birds is considered a significant pandemic threat. (wikipedia.org)
  • In October 2004 researchers discovered H5N1 is far more dangerous than previously believed because waterfowl were directly spreading the highly pathogenic strain of H5N1 to chickens, crows, pigeons, and other birds and that it was increasing its ability to infect mammals as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • Limiting this conclusion to domestic waterfowl proved to be wishful thinking, as in later months it became clear that nondomestic waterfowl were also directly spreading the highly pathogenic strain of H5N1 to chickens, crows, pigeons, and other birds and that it was increasing its ability to infect mammals as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • As well as, H5N1 was transmitted to naïve management birds that had been positioned amongst each teams leading to dying by 5 days postcontact. (flugenome.org)
  • In distinction, Canada Geese that had been pre-exposed to H1N1 had been protected in opposition to a deadly H5N1 problem, shed minimal quantities of the virus into the atmosphere, and didn't transmit the an infection to naïve contact birds. (flugenome.org)
  • Avian influenza is a slightly misleading term, as influenza is among the natural infections found in birds. (medscape.com)
  • The term avian influenza used in this context refers to zoonotic human infection with an influenza strain that primarily affects birds. (medscape.com)
  • Although all strains of influenza A virus naturally infect birds, certain strains can infect mammalian hosts such as pigs and humans. (medscape.com)
  • H5N1 is typically a highly pathogenic virus in birds, resulting in severe disease and death. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 ] A reassorted H5N1 virus has been reported in the United States among wild birds but is not considered a threat to humans. (medscape.com)
  • The outbreak was successfully contained with the slaughter of the entire local chicken population (around 1.5 million birds). (medscape.com)
  • Some observations on the circulation of influenza viruses in domestic and wild birds. (cdc.gov)
  • Haemagglutination-inhibiting activity to type a influenza viruses in the sera of wild birds from the far east of the USSR. (cdc.gov)
  • The government has confirmed a new outbreak of avian influenza in birds at a premises near Tendring, in Essex. (farminguk.com)
  • The latest outbreak follows other cases of avian influenza recorded in wild birds in England, Wales and Scotland. (farminguk.com)
  • In recent weeks, a number of wild birds have been found dead with the H5N1 virus heightening fears that Hong Kong will soon record its first human victim. (medindia.net)
  • Researchers monitored the continuing avian flu pandemic to gauge its evolving risk to both humans and birds. (medindia.net)
  • Christmas dinner in British Columbia could look a little different this year as nearly two dozen farms across the province slaughter hundreds of thousands of birds in an attempt to contain the avian influenza virus. (prpeak.com)
  • As of Wednesday afternoon, 23 outbreaks were ongoing and 275,800 birds had been slaughtered in an effort to contain the pathogen. (prpeak.com)
  • H5N1 has been identified at over 220 locations across Canada and led to the culling of 3.7 million birds since the start of the latest epidemic. (prpeak.com)
  • The outbreaks in Chilliwack and Abbotsford come out of step with the seasonal migration of wild birds, which have been found to carry and pass on the virus to domestic flocks. (prpeak.com)
  • In the same way that many humans pull through an annual bout of the flu, many strains of the avian varieties rarely cause more than the sniffles, lethargy or fever in birds. (prpeak.com)
  • An outbreak of a strain of avian flu has affected as many as 24 million birds in the U.S. Midwest, and officials say they don't know how it's spreading. (ibtimes.com)
  • The 4.6 million birds killed this year compares to the nearly 58 million birds the U.S. Department of Agriculture said were slaughtered last year in the first year of the outbreak. (yahoo.com)
  • A group of University of Colorado Boulder virologists explains why scientists are closely watching the spread of H5N1 , which has led to the destruction of millions of commercially raised birds and is harming wild birds and other animals. (createsend.com)
  • Avian influenza viruses have evolved to infect birds, but the current H5N1 outbreak is also infecting a wide range of mammals. (createsend.com)
  • There have been large outbreaks of H5N1 flu among birds both globally and within Canada. (theglobeandmail.com)
  • The CFIA also said cases of avian influenza among humans are rare "and almost always acquired through direct contact with infected birds or exposure to heavily contaminated environments. (theglobeandmail.com)
  • Scotland's chief veterinary officer Sheila Voas said: "This highly pathogenic strain of avian influenza (H5N1) has been confirmed and all remaining birds are being humanely culled. (stv.tv)
  • Diseases which originate in birds and mammals such as SARS and bird flu represent 60% of outbreaks. (poultryworld.net)
  • Researchers suspect the 2014 outbreak, which killed some 2,500 seals, began in western Sweden when one or more seals came into contact with infected birds or virus-laden bird droppings. (upi.com)
  • The ongoing outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in South Africa, which began in April 2021, has led to the culling of nearly 3 million birds, primarily layers. (usda.gov)
  • From the first case of H5 avian influenza in humans in the United States to reports of ongoing, widespread disease in birds , the potential of a possible pandemic variant has many keeping a watchful eye on the disease. (medscape.com)
  • The federal government says the H5N1 virus has been found in commercial and backyard birds in 29 states and in wild birds in 34 states since the first cases were detected in late 2021. (medscape.com)
  • Out of 2500 people exposed to birds infected with H5N1, only this one case of human infection has been confirmed. (medscape.com)
  • Humans can become infected with avian influenza viruses through inhalation of or direct contact with secretions (saliva, mucous, or feces) from infected birds. (msdmanuals.com)
  • they belonged to a single strain and were closely related to other HPAI (H5N1) strains isolated during this period in European, Asian, and African countries. (cdc.gov)
  • The scale of HPAI H5N1 virus infection in cats in Poland is worrying. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • Many components contribute to the incidence and transmission of HPAI H5N1 virus, however the function of environmental temperature stays poorly understood. (flugenome.org)
  • Genetic range and phylogenetic evaluation of extremely pathogenic avian influenza ( HPAI ) H5N1 viruses circulating in Bangladesh from 2007-2011. (flugenome.org)
  • Extremely pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus has been endemic in Bangladesh since its first isolation in February 2007. (flugenome.org)
  • Phylogenetic evaluation of the haemagglutinin (HA) gene of HPAI H5N1 viruses demonstrated that 25 Bangladeshi isolates together with two human isolates from 2007-2011 together with some isolates from neighbouring Asian nations (India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal, China and Vietnam) segregate into two distinct clades (2.2 and a couple of.3). (flugenome.org)
  • In earlier research we examined the function of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) within the epidemiology of Eurasian extremely pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1. (flugenome.org)
  • In the United Kingdom, there have been 182 confirmed cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 since 1 October 2022. (thestar.co.uk)
  • Since the first occurrence of HPAI H5N1 human cases in Hong Kong in 1997, the public health threat of high pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) has been a major global issue [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, HPAI H5N1 viruses reappeared in 2003, spread across continents, and sickened 826 patients from 2003 to March 31, 2015 [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Over a 3-week period in late June/early July 2023, Poland experienced an outbreak caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus in cats. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • Avian influenza overview March - April 2023. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • In June 2023, a fatal disease outbreak in cats occurred in Poland. (flu.org.cn)
  • IDWeek 2023 Wastewater Signals Upswing in Flu, RSV Wastewater monitoring is an established tool for tracking COVID, and now new evidence shows it can be used alongside clinical testing to assess the burden of influenza and RSV in communities. (medscape.com)
  • More cases of H5N1 in humans in Thailand. (wikipedia.org)
  • Avian influenza is a potential and unpredictable threat to humans because of the segmented nature of the genome. (medscape.com)
  • The strain previously considered the greatest threat was H5N1, mostly because of the high associated mortality rate (up to 60%) in infected humans. (medscape.com)
  • Bird flu in Brazil: Authorities are watching if the bird flu virus H5N1 is mutating into a form which can spread amongst humans. (medindia.net)
  • H5N1 infection in humans can cause severe disease and has a high mortality rate," states the WHO. (prpeak.com)
  • The avian influenza virus rarely infects humans. (cdc.gov)
  • The deadly outbreak does not affect humans or food produced by the farms, but could eventually cause food prices to jump. (ibtimes.com)
  • In 2011, 34 people , out of 62 reported cases from five countries, died from a different strain of the flu, H5N1, that can infect humans. (ibtimes.com)
  • According to The World Health Organisation, 870 humans have been infected with avian flu over the past 20 years and 457 have died. (thestar.co.uk)
  • Usually, these occasional introductions of avian influenza viruses in seals, like in humans, are 'dead ends' because the virus is not transmissible from one individual to another," first study author Sander Herfst said in a news release. (upi.com)
  • It is important to monitor and predict which of the various zoonotic viruses have the potential to emerge in humans and start outbreaks or even pandemics," said Herfst. (upi.com)
  • Universal Influenza Vaccine Tested Successfully in Humans. (netce.com)
  • A resurgence of A(H5N1) occurred in humans and animals in November 2003. (who.int)
  • 1 They do not normally infect humans, though certain subtypes, such as avian influenza A(H5), A(H7) and A(H9) have caused sporadic human infections. (who.int)
  • 7 In addition to A(H5N1), other novel zoonotic influenza viruses infecting humans have emerged, including A(H5N6), A(H7N9), A(H10N8), A(H6N1) and a novel A(H1N2) variant. (who.int)
  • Most cases of avian influenza in humans have been caused by Asian strains H5N1 and H7N9, but other types have also caused some human infections. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It is likely that avian influenza viruses of any antigenic specificity can cause influenza in humans whenever the virus acquires mutations, enabling it to attach to human-specific receptor sites in the respiratory tract. (msdmanuals.com)
  • However, in 2003 and 2004, H5N1 infections in humans reappeared, and occasional cases continue to be reported, primarily in Asia and the Middle East. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In early 2013, an extensive outbreak of H7N9 avian influenza in humans occurred in several provinces of southeastern China. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Even though small clusters of A(H5) virus infections have been reported previously including those involving healthcare workers, current epidemiological and virological evidence suggests that influenza A(H5) viruses have not acquired the ability of sustained transmission among humans, thus the likelihood is low. (who.int)
  • As of October 3, 2016, at least 856 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in 16 countries had been reported to the World Health Organization, among which 452 had ended in death, for an apparent case fatality rate of 52.8% ( WHO, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Although human infection with avian influenza viruses is rare, workers infected with certain types of these viruses may become ill or die. (cdc.gov)
  • Since the first confirmed human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus was reported in Hong Kong SAR (China) in 1997, sporadic zoonotic avian influenza viruses causing human illness have been identified globally with the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region as a hotspot. (who.int)
  • The pandemic potential of avian influenza viruses gained larger recognition in 1997 when the first known human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus was reported in Hong Kong SAR (China). (who.int)
  • 1. What is the likelihood that additional human cases of infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses will occur? (who.int)
  • By understanding how viruses like COVID-19 , as well as the H5N1 and H7N9 influenza strains, move from species to species, researchers and health officials can develop more informed strategies for preventing future zoonotic disease outbreaks. (upi.com)
  • Between November 2003 and September 2017, WHO received reports of 1838 human infections with avian influenza viruses A(H5N1), A(H5N6), A(H6N1), A(H7N9), A(H9N2) and A(H10N8) in the Western Pacific Region. (who.int)
  • Most of the infections were with A(H7N9) ( n = 1562, 85%) and A(H5N1) ( n = 238, 13%) viruses, and most ( n = 1583, 86%) were reported from December through April. (who.int)
  • The identified viruses belong to clade 2.3.4.4b, genotype CH (H5N1 A/Eurasian wigeon/Netherlands/3/2022-like). (eurosurveillance.org)
  • Avian influenza overview June - September 2022. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • Over 17,000 animal outbreaks of HPAI A(H5N1) viruses were reported by 80 member countries to the World Organisation for Animal Health since January 2022. (cdc.gov)
  • Information about the outbreak of avian influenza in 2021 and 2022, its spread and its impact on breeding seabird populations. (bto.org)
  • Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices-United States, 2022-23 influenza season. (netce.com)
  • Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection in farmed minks, Spain, October 2022. (bvsalud.org)
  • In October 2022, an outbreak in Europe of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) in intensively farmed minks occurred in northwest Spain . (bvsalud.org)
  • Pre-exposing Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) to a low-pathogenic H1N1 avian influenza virus protects them in opposition to H5N1 HPAI virus problem. (flugenome.org)
  • The most striking pandemic occurred in 1918, when the Spanish influenza (H1N1) resulted in approximately 50 million deaths worldwide. (medscape.com)
  • The most recent pandemic was in 2009, caused by a swine-origin influenza of the H1N1 serotype. (medscape.com)
  • [ 5 ] In early 2009, a recombinant H1N1 influenza consisting of a mix of swine, avian, and human gene segments spread rapidly around the world, but it was a low-pathogenicity strain. (medscape.com)
  • Neumann G, Noda T, Kawaoka Y. Emergence and pandemic potential of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus. (cdc.gov)
  • Aaron directs the state's disaster epidemiology program, served as Operations Team leader for the state's pandemic influenza H1N1 response, serves as co-investigator with the University of North Carolina (UNC) Preparedness and Emergency Response Research Center (PERRC), and provides supervision to an EIS officer. (cdc.gov)
  • Influenza A viruses have predominated overall, with both influenza A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) circulating. (canada.ca)
  • The infections identified included: ARI, avian influenza A(H5N1), influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. (who.int)
  • Influenza A(H1N1) was an important cause of morbidity during the 2009 pandemic. (who.int)
  • Les infections identifiées comprenaient les infections respiratoires aiguës (IRA), la grippe aviaire A(H5N1), la grippe A(H1N1)pdm09 et l'infection par le coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (MERS-CoV). (who.int)
  • Similarly, during the 2009-2010 novel influenza A H1N1 pandemic, preliminary data from a limited number of states indicated a high prevalence of virus strains resistant to oseltamivir. (medscape.com)
  • A(H1N2) variant viruses and one human case of infection with an influenza A(H3N2) variant virus were reported officially.3 One additional human case of infection with an influenza A(H1N1)v virus was detected. (who.int)
  • Avian Influenza (including infection with high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses). (cdc.gov)
  • Mutinelli F, Capua I, Terregino C, Cattoli G. Clinical, gross, and microscopic findings in different avian species naturally infected during the H7N1 low- and high-pathogenicity avian influenza epidemics in Italy during 1999 and 2000. (cdc.gov)
  • London (DEFRA) - Chief Veterinary Officer Nigel Gibbens has today confirmed that the strain of Avian Influenza found on the premises near Banbury in Oxfordshire is highly pathogenic H7N7. (animal-health-online.de)
  • Because influenza viruses are constantly changing, CDC performs ongoing analyses of HPAI A(H5N1) viruses to identify changes that might allow for spread more easily to and between people, cause serious illness in people, reduce susceptibility to antivirals, affect the sensitivity of diagnostic assays, or reduce neutralization of the virus by vaccine induced antibodies. (cdc.gov)
  • Moderna Combo COVID-19/Flu Vaccine Effective in Early Trial Moderna on Wednesday said its combination vaccine to protect against both COVID-19 and influenza generated a strong immune response compared to individual shots for the viruses in an early-stage study. (medscape.com)
  • Licensure of a high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine for persons aged ≥65 years (Fluzone high-dose) and guidance for use-United States, 2010. (netce.com)
  • The antigenic components of the influenza vaccine have been updated for the 2007-2008 season. (canada.ca)
  • This year, recommendations for routine influenza vaccine receipt have been expanded to include all pregnant women. (canada.ca)
  • In Canada, two available measures can reduce the impact of influenza: immunoprophylaxis with inactivated (killed-virus) vaccine and chemoprophylaxis or therapy with influenza-specific antiviral drugs. (canada.ca)
  • A newly developed influenza vaccine against the H5N1 subunit of the avian influenza virus, which has pandemic potential, has been shown to be highly immunogenic in younger and older adults . (medscape.com)
  • [ 74 ] The vaccine viruses recommended by the World Health Organization and the CDC for the 2014-2015 northern hemisphere influenza season are the same as those for the northern hemisphere 2013-2014 influenza season and 2014 southern hemisphere season. (medscape.com)
  • H5N1 was first reported to cause severe human disease in 1997 in an outbreak among infected chickens on Hong Kong Island. (medscape.com)
  • Viboud C, Grais RF, Lafont BAP, Miller MA, Simonsen L. Multinational impact of the 1968 Hong Kong Influenza pandemic: Evidence for a smoldering pandemic. (cdc.gov)
  • Hong Kong has had no human cases of bird flu in the current outbreak, but CHP director Leung Pak-yin warned that the threat was increasing. (medindia.net)
  • It was setup as a result of the outbreak in Hong Kong. (vadscorner.com)
  • Human Cases of Avian Influenza A ( H5N1 ) Infection Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China, 2003. (vadscorner.com)
  • The Centre for Health Protection (CHP) of the Department of Health of Hong Kong S.A.R is (January 27) closely monitoring two human cases of avian influenza A(H5N6) in the Mainland, and again urged the public to maintain strict personal, food and environmental hygiene both locally and during travel. (flu.org.cn)
  • Hong Kong (aho) - In light of the presence of H5N1 avian influenza virus in environmental samples taken from Po On Road Market in Sham Shui Po during regular surveillance earlier, the Government has adopted special measures promptly to protect public health, a spokesman for the Food and Health Bureau said today (June 9). (animal-health-online.de)
  • Regional analyses of human infections with avian influenza subtypes revealed distinct epidemiologic patterns that varied across countries, age and time. (who.int)
  • Influenza A viruses are classified into subtypes on the basis of two surface antigens: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). Three subtypes of hemagglutinin (H1, H2 and H3) and two subtypes of neuraminidase (N1 and N2) are recognized among influenza A viruses that have caused widespread human disease. (canada.ca)
  • Most subtypes of avian influenza that have caused human infections are H5, H7, and H9 viruses. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Scientists found most avian flu strains failed to infect the ferrets, but that seal-adapted strains were successfully transmitted via the air from ferret to ferret. (upi.com)
  • The current H5N1 strain is a fast-mutating, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) found in multiple bird species. (wikipedia.org)
  • To develop on this and higher perceive how pre-exposure to heterosubtypic low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses may affect the result of H5N1 HPAI an infection, we pre-exposed naïve juvenile Canada Geese to completely different North American wild-bird-origin LPAI viruses. (flugenome.org)
  • Enhanced infectivity of H5N1 extremely pathogenic avian influenza ( HPAI ) virus in pig ex vivo respiratory tract organ cultures following adaptation by in vitro passage. (flugenome.org)
  • BURKINA FASO - Four new outbreaks of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza have been confirmed. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • It is referred to as 'highly pathogenic' avian influenza, or HPAI. (bto.org)
  • Scientists are currently most concerned about the highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus known as H5N1. (cdc.gov)
  • There has been ongoing 'highly pathogenic avian influenza' (HPAI) or 'bird flu' outbreak in South Africa, of the strains HPAI H5 and H7, over the last few months. (sainthelena.gov.sh)
  • Most cases tested in Poland (29 of 47) were positive for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) virus. (flu.org.cn)
  • Outbreaks of low and high pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI, HPAI) H5N2 in chickens have occurred in Taiwan since 2003 and 2012, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because all epidemiology-trained veterinarians were assigned to regional outbreak containment at multiple foci, initiation of coordinated epidemiologic investigation in the farms was delayed by up to 10 days. (cdc.gov)
  • Therefore, precrisis allocation of designated epidemiology-trained veterinarian investigators and joint investigation team training could be an important component of avian influenza preparedness plans. (cdc.gov)
  • This statement contains new information on human and avian influenza epidemiology. (canada.ca)
  • Over the winter of 2021/22, an outbreak of avian influenza was confirmed in Barnacle Geese wintering on the Solway Firth. (bto.org)
  • Since the last risk assessment on 21 May 2021, one new laboratory-confirmed human case of influenza A(H5N6) virus infection was reported from China to WHO on 30 May 2021. (who.int)
  • Evolution of the A/chicken/pennsylvania/83 (H5N2) influenza virus. (cdc.gov)
  • The Mexican Avian Influenza (H5N2) Outbreak. (cdc.gov)
  • The two-stage survey (before and after HPAI H5N2 outbreaks) was conducted from 2007 to 2012, including: (1) 430 LPMWs and 418 CRs at LPMs from different geographical areas of Taiwan after the government announced outbreaks of LPAI H5N2 during 2007-2009, and (2) 73 LPMWs and 152 CRs at two LPMs in central Taiwan after the HPAI H5N2 outbreaks in 2012. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Before HPAI-H5N2 outbreaks, higher educated respondents demonstrated greater risk awareness and concerns regarding AI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since the 2005-2006 influenza season, amantadine and rimantadine are no longer recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) because circulating strains of influenza virus have proved resistant. (medscape.com)
  • Adlhoch C , Baldinelli F , Fusaro A , Terregino C . Avian influenza, a new threat to public health in Europe? (eurosurveillance.org)
  • General, the info indicate genetic range amongst circulating viruses and a number of introductions of H5N1 viruses with an elevated threat of human infections in Bangladesh, and institution of H5N1 virus in wild and home fowl populations, which calls for lively surveillance. (flugenome.org)
  • For the last two years, the IUF has sought to draw attention to this deficit, highlighting the need for public policy to tackle H5N1 as a threat arising from the intersection of occupational health and safety, public health and worker rights. (iuf.org)
  • Resourcing ILO involvement is a necessary but hardly sufficient measure for tackling the H5N1 threat. (iuf.org)
  • Regional and international tools and frameworks have been implemented to address the threat of pandemic influenza and other emerging diseases. (who.int)
  • Bangladesh has already prepared a National Avian Influenza and Human Pandemic Preparedness Plan and an Emergency Operational Plan to meet the threat of bird flu and is implementing these plans to control the disease," Mr. Domenech said, while adding, "The situation remains of serious concern and will require further national engagement and coordinated international support. (un.org)
  • From 2014 to date, 65 human cases of avian influenza A(H5N6) have been reported by Mainland health authorities. (flu.org.cn)
  • Environmental samples from these stalls tested positive for influenza A(H5N6) viruses. (who.int)
  • In outbreaks of zoonotic pathogens, identification of the infection source is crucial because this may allow health authorities to separate human populations from the wildlife or domestic animal reservoirs posing the zoonotic risk 9 , 10 . (nature.com)
  • The viruses that cause avian flu can be shed through a bird's saliva, feces and nasal secretions. (prpeak.com)
  • Intensive efforts were undertaken to slaughter chickens, ducks and geese (over forty million chickens alone were slaughtered in high-infection areas), and the outbreak was contained by March, but the total human death toll in Vietnam and Thailand was twenty three people. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two chickens were confirmed to be carrying H5N1. (wikipedia.org)
  • So far, roughly 25 million turkeys and chickens have died or been euthanized in the bird flu outbreak, the largest in U.S. history. (ibtimes.com)
  • London (DEFRA) - The Chief Veterinary Officer, Nigel Gibbens, has today confirmed Avian Influenza in chickens on premises near Banbury in Oxfordshire after preliminary tests were positive for the H7 strain. (animal-health-online.de)
  • Bird flu outbreak: New mutation in avian influenza virus (H5N1) could be the next human pandemic, warn health experts. (medindia.net)
  • Bird flu: Outbreak confirmed as 'highly pathogenic' strain. (stv.tv)
  • In this report, similarities and differences between the modes of introduction of HPAIV A(H5N1) and A(H5N8) into Europe are described. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • Guidance for Clinicians on the Use of RT-PCR and Other Molecular Assays for Diagnosis of Influenza Virus Infection. (netce.com)
  • Unless otherwise indicated, "H5N1" in this article refers to the recent highly pathogenic strain of H5N1. (wikipedia.org)
  • H5N1 caused flu outbreaks in 1959 and in 1991 but these strains were very different from the current highly pathogenic strain of H5N1. (wikipedia.org)
  • For these reasons, major epidemics of respiratory disease caused by new variants of influenza continue to occur. (canada.ca)
  • Risk awareness depends on high or low pathogenicity of AIVs, working in LPMs, levels of education, age, and proximity to the sites of severe AI outbreaks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Avian influenza has low-pathogenic (LPAI) and highly pathogenic (HPAI) strains. (medscape.com)
  • 6 Thereafter, the number of countries reporting human infections with A(H5N1) virus increased, especially between 2003 and 2008. (who.int)
  • National influenza surveillance is coordinated through the Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division (IRID), Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). (canada.ca)
  • 5. Mao L, Yang Y, Qiu Y, Yang Y. Annual economic impacts of seasonal influenza on U.S. counties: spatial heterogeneity and patterns. (netce.com)
  • Vaccines against seasonal influenza are reformulated annually in order to contain the most recently circulating strains. (medscape.com)
  • Some evidence indicates that H5N1 may cause fewer symptoms in ducks, making them a potential reservoir for infection and spread by migratory flocks. (medscape.com)
  • Evidence of infection with influenza viruses in migratory waterfowl. (cdc.gov)
  • How serious the virus is varies enormously between different bird species, and whilst the spread of the virus seems to be occurring due to migratory bird species, the current outbreak is being driven mostly be commercial bird farming. (sainthelena.gov.sh)
  • The outbreak was the first known instance of the virus jumping the species barrier. (medindia.net)
  • The study reports documented cases of A (H3N8) avian influenza viruses crossing species boundaries and affecting a range of mammals, including dogs and horses. (medindia.net)
  • Scientists have isolated variants of the influenza virus in more than 100 wild bird species worldwide, from waterfowl like geese, swans, ducks and gulls to shoreline species like sandpipers, plovers and storks. (prpeak.com)
  • Breeding colonies of other species, such as Guillemot, Razorbill and terns, were also impacted by the outbreak. (bto.org)
  • Interregional Spread of Influenza through United States Described by Virus Type, Size of Populations and Commuting Rates and Distance. (netce.com)
  • The State services (departmental directorate for the protection of populations) of Ain have highlighted an outbreak of avian influenza due to a strain of the H5N1 virus in a duck farm located in Saint-Nizier-le-Desert, Le Figaro reported, citing the prefecture of the Ain department. (news.az)
  • Use of influenza-specific antiviral drugs for chemoprophylaxis or treatment of influenza is an important adjunct to vaccination, particularly for controlling outbreaks in closed populations. (medscape.com)
  • Notice to readers: considerations for distinguishing influenza-like illness from inhalational anthrax. (netce.com)
  • Current science suggests that the risk of a human contracting avian influenza from a mammalian pet is very low," notes the federal agency. (prpeak.com)
  • Oct. 7 (UPI) -- Scientists have identified the genetic mutations that allowed an avian flu strain to adapt to mammalian transmission, triggering an outbreak among European seals. (upi.com)
  • The world was ill-prepared to respond to an outbreak that was so widespread, so severe, so sustained, and so complex. (who.int)
  • If the H5N1 virus were to change and become easily transmissible from person to person while retaining its capacity to cause severe disease, the consequences for public health could be very serious. (prpeak.com)
  • A 53% case fatality has been reported among human cases of A(H5N1), which has been associated with severe pneumonia. (who.int)
  • The Regional Office continued to provide technical support to the affected countries to contain the outbreak and prevent geographic spread through application of appropriate public health interventions using a science-based control measure. (who.int)
  • Beginning on 21 August 2016 in Kassala state, the outbreak spread rapidly to 10 states by May 2017, 12 states by June 2017, 16 states by July 2017 and to all 18 states in the country by August 2017. (who.int)
  • While prior H5N1 strains have been known, they were significantly different from the current H5N1 strain on a genetic level, making the global spread of this new strain unprecedented. (wikipedia.org)
  • Global spread of H5N1 in 2005 Global spread of H5N1 in 2006 Global spread of H5N1 in 2007 WHO (February 27, 2004). (wikipedia.org)
  • Frozen chicken meat is generally processed well in advance, and it is likely that for the vast majority of Voyage 5 imports this will have preceded the spread of the outbreaks in South Africa. (sainthelena.gov.sh)
  • On Wednesday, the Scottish Government said restrictions had been imposed on the premises where the outbreak took place to limit the spread of avian influenza (H5N1). (stv.tv)
  • In 2014, an avian flu strain spread rapidly among harbor and gray seals in northern Europe, killing roughly a tenth of the population. (upi.com)
  • The findings suggests influenza strains may regularly adopt mutations that enable spread among mammals, the researchers said. (upi.com)
  • Available at https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/interregional-spread-influenza-through-united-states-described-virus-type-size-population-commuting-rates-distance . (netce.com)
  • Since the first officially announced avian influenza outbreak in Bangladesh in February, the virus has spread to eleven out of 64 districts. (un.org)
  • Person-to-person transmission of influenza virus occurs through droplets from the respiratory tract that are spread by direct contact, through coughing or sneezing, or by hands contaminated with respiratory secretions. (canada.ca)
  • Adults spread influenza to others during a period from 1 day before symptom onset to up to 7 days afterwards. (canada.ca)
  • Because all influenza viruses are capable of rapid genetic change, avian strains could possibly acquire the ability to spread more easily from person-to-person via direct mutation or via reassortment of genome subunits with human strains during replication in a human, animal or, avian host. (msdmanuals.com)
  • If these strains acquire the ability to spread efficiently from person to person, an influenza pandemic could result. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sampling influenza viruses with ESwab challenges influenza surveillance by strongly limiting the possibility of antigenic characterisation. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • According to the local authorities, the cluster has been 'depopulated and disinfected,' and a protection zone of three km around the outbreak, a surveillance and control zone of 10 km around the outbreak has been put in place. (news.az)
  • Local influenza surveillance data and laboratory testing can assist the physician regarding antiviral agent choice. (medscape.com)
  • Because of this, an Avian Influenza Prevention Zone (AIPZ) was declared across the whole of Britain last week. (farminguk.com)
  • If stopping an outbreak in its early stages is not possible-as was the case for the COVID-19 epidemic in Hubei-identification of origins and point sources is nevertheless important for containment purposes in other provinces and prevention of future outbreaks. (nature.com)
  • Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)-United States, 2012-13 influenza season. (netce.com)
  • Neuraminidase inhibitors are again recommended as the first-line antiviral agents for the prevention of influenza rather than amantadine. (canada.ca)
  • Oseltamivir is approved for use in children older than 1 year, for prevention of influenza following exposure. (medscape.com)
  • Oseltamivir is an inhibitor of neuraminidase, which is a glycoprotein on the surface of the influenza virus that destroys the infected cell's receptor for viral hemagglutinin. (medscape.com)
  • Egypt is the only country in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region that continues to report human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) since the virus was first reported in the country in March 2006 (Fig. 2). (who.int)
  • A total of 359 laboratory-confirmed human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) were reported in the country between March 2006 and December 2017. (who.int)
  • citation needed] The U.S.'s National Institutes of Health's (NIH) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases's (NIAID) Influenza Genome Sequencing Project to provide complete sequence data for selected human and avian influenza isolates begins. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2004, an outbreak of an HPAI H7N3 in Canada resulted in mild human disease. (medscape.com)
  • Antibodies to influenza viruses (including the human A2-Asian-57 strain) in sera from Australian shearwaters (Puffinus pacificus). (cdc.gov)
  • The 1999-2000 avian influenza (H7N1) epidemic in Italy: veterinary and human health implications. (cdc.gov)
  • However, LPM-workers protected themselves less from AI viruses (AIVs) and had lower acceptance of human or avian influenza vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based on the current evidence in Canada, the risk to the general public remains low and current scientific evidence suggests that the risk of a human contracting avian influenza from a domestic pet is minor," the agency said. (theglobeandmail.com)
  • Public health advice is that the risk to human health from the virus is very low and food standards bodies advise that avian influenzas pose a very low food safety risk for UK consumers. (stv.tv)
  • 2 Co-circulation of influenza A viruses in human and animal reservoirs in shared habitats provides opportunities for these viruses to reassort and acquire a genetic composition that could facilitate sustained human-to-human transmission with potential pandemic consequences. (who.int)
  • From the first human cases of the current bird flu strain to preparations for a potential pandemic, avian influenza news garnered great interest this week, becoming the top trending clinical topic. (medscape.com)
  • human influenza caused by a new ruses, to high case fatality diseases due No such reviews were found. (who.int)
  • were positive for human Coronavirus OC43 and 1 for influenza C virus. (bvsalud.org)
  • virus as the cause and found laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza C virus and human Coronavirus OC 43 for the first time in both Cote d'Ivoire and in a Sub-Saharan African country. (bvsalud.org)
  • Marine mammals can also become infected with avian influenza strains (eg, H10N7 in harbor seals), with subsequent human infection reported. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The overall public health risk from currently known influenza viruses at the human-animal interface has not changed, and the likelihood of sustained human-to-human transmission of these viruses remains low. (who.int)
  • Information from these notifications is critical to inform risk assessments for influenza at the human-animal interface. (who.int)
  • 2. What is the likelihood of human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A(H5) viruses? (who.int)
  • Two outbreaks were on farms and the others in backyard flocks. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • From the Interior, to the Fraser Valley and Vancouver Island, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) has identified high-pathogenic strains (HPAI) of H5N1 - the most deadly variety of avian influenza or "bird flu"- in 42 B.C. flocks. (prpeak.com)
  • Previous outbreaks of HPAI have tended to hit wintering waterfowl, subsiding as wintering flocks disperse. (bto.org)
  • Egg-laying hens can no longer roam as freely, as farmers are temporarily keeping flocks inside during lethal outbreaks of bird flu. (medscape.com)
  • This year, for the first time, healthcare professionals in France are invited to offer influenza vaccination to all children. (medscape.com)
  • Researchers found the mutations caused the virus to prefer to attach to mammal virus receptors in the respiratory tract, rather than to avian receptors. (upi.com)