Group i introns. Medical search. Frequent questions

These structures reveal a relaxed active site, in which direct metal coordination by the exons is lost after ligation, while other tertiary interactions are retained between the exon and the intron. (rcsb.org)
Together, these data suggest that release of the ligated exons from the intron is preceded by a change in substrate-metal coordination before tertiary hydrogen bonding contacts to the exons are broken. (rcsb.org)
Spliceosomal introns and self-splicing group II introns share a common mechanism of intron splicing where two sequential transesterification reactions remove intron lariats and ligate exons. (nih.gov)
Through studies of baker's yeast, the researchers identified a highly unusual group of introns that linger and accumulate, in their fully intact form, long after they have been freed from their neighboring sequences, which are called exons. (mit.edu)
The exons are the scenes used in the final cut, whereas the introns are the outtakes - shots that are removed, or spliced out, and therefore not represented in the finished product. (mit.edu)
Yet these activities are primarily confined to the period prior to splicing - that is, before introns are separated from their nearby exons. (mit.edu)
We came across genes where the introns were much more abundant than the exons, which is the exact opposite of what you'd expect. (mit.edu)
The only defining - and necessary - feature, the team found, is a structural one, and involves the precise shape the introns adopt as they are being excised from their neighboring exons. (mit.edu)
The DNA sequence contains both exons and introns (which should be removed in the mRNA). (carleton.edu)
We sequenced one single gene (whole gene, both introns and exons) in 96 samples, belonging to two different experimental groups. (biostars.org)
297 contain five exons separated by four introns (4 - 6). (nih.gov)

During RNA maturation, the group I intron promotes two sequential phosphorotransfer reactions resulting in exon ligation and intron release. (rcsb.org)
The target is cleaved 3′ to the last nucleotide of intron binding site 1 (IBS1), one of three regions that form base pairs with the intron's exon binding sites (EBS1 to -3). (uzh.ch)
To test the effects of s 2 U and s 4 U substitutions on tertiary interactions, binding to a group I intron ribozyme from mouse-derived Pneumocystis carinii was measured for the hexamers, r(AUGACU), r(AUGACs 2 U), and r(AUGACs 4 U), which mimic the 3' end of the 5' exon. (uky.edu)
Analyses on gene structure and protein motif revealed that members from the same subgroup shared similar exon/intron and motif organization, further supporting the results of phylogenetic analyses. (mdpi.com)
This can be the rcounts or mrcounts per exon (and introns optionall). (githubusercontent.com)

Based on different insertion sites within the cox1 gene and secondary structures, four types of group I and two types of group II introns are known, which can harbor up to three encoding homing endonuclease genes (HEG) of the LAGLIDADG family (group I) and/or reverse transcriptase (group II). (uni-muenchen.de)

Our findings challenge the view of these introns as simply byproducts of gene expression, destined for rapid degradation. (mit.edu)
Elimination of a group II intron from a plastid gene causes a mutant phenotype. (mpg.de)
10,000 base pairs) introns, gene-like fragments, uncharacterized long non-coding RNAs and short RNAs. (nature.com)
The strongest GWAS signals for T2D in Pima Indian population mapped to intron 15 of the gene KCNQ1 . (nih.gov)
To identify the gene(s) affected by these SNPs, Dr. Nair's group has generated isogenic iPSC lines for each haplotype (Risk/Risk, Risk/Non-Risk and Non-Risk/Non-Risk) that differ at these four SNPs using Pima Indian iPSCs and CRISPR/CAS9. (nih.gov)
The WHO Monitoring Group on Gene transfer Medicinal Products was established to monitor devel- opments and draw up appropriate guidance for assuring the quality of gene transfer medicinal prod- ucts, including nucleic acids, viral and non-viral vectors, and genetically modified cells. (who.int)
Any change in gene or intron content, or arrangement of its DNA, can have significant phylogenetic implications for the shared presence of any particular rearrangement can indicate common ancestry. (illinois.edu)

ABSTRACT Reported associations between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism and type 1 diabetes mellitus vary across ethnic groups. (who.int)

Folding isotherms were determined by hydroxyl radical footprinting for the 32 individual protections that are distributed throughout a group II intron ribozyme derived from intron ai5gamma. (nih.gov)
The results suggest that at least one of the carbonyl groups of the 3' terminal U of r(AUGACU) is involved in tertiary interactions with the catalytic core of the ribozyme and/or thio groups change the orientation of a terminal U-G base pair. (uky.edu)

In addition to shared RNA architectural features, structural similarity between group II intron encoded proteins (IEPs) and the integral spliceosomal protein Prp8 further support a shared catalytic core. (nih.gov)
A research team from Whitehead Institute has uncovered a surprising and previously unrecognized role for introns, the parts of genes that lack the instructions for making proteins and are typically cut away and rapidly destroyed. (mit.edu)
Splicing - the process of intron removal - is linked to RNA transcription and affected by the microenvironment formed by the surrounding chromatin, intrinsically disordered proteins and RNAs. (cuni.cz)
This initiative is designed to support the establishment of a series of multidisciplinary, collaborative Research Groups composed of investigators interested in studying how genetic variation contributes to interindividual differences in drug responses, and in collecting comprehensive, integrative information about specific proteins and genes. (nih.gov)

These mechanistic and structural similarities support the long-held assertion that group II introns and the eukaryotic spliceosome have a common evolutionary origin. (nih.gov)
Most eukaryotic protein-coding transcripts contain introns, which vary in number, length, and position along the transcript body. (cuni.cz)

Robin Evans Stanley, Ph.D., leads the Nucleolar Integrity Group and holds a secondary appointment in the NIEHS Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory . (nih.gov)
The Nucleolar Integrity Group investigates molecular machines involved in critical RNA processing pathways through a multidisciplinary approach combining structural, molecular, and cellular biology. (nih.gov)
9. Group II intron lariat: Structural insights into the spliceosome. (nih.gov)

Current database includes a wealth of information on the properties, structures, and classification of group II intron. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, it contains a list of intron insertion sites, DNA sequences, protein-encoding sequences, as well as RNA secondary structures. (wikipedia.org)
Group II introns are large catalytic RNA molecules that fold into compact structures essential for the catalysis of splicing and intron mobility reactions. (nih.gov)
BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial introns intermit coding regions of genes and feature characteristic secondary structures and splicing mechanisms. (uni-muenchen.de)
Comparison of these cryo-EM structures to recent group II intron crystal structures presents an opportunity to draw parallels between the RNA active site, substrate positioning, and product formation in these two model systems of intron splicing. (nih.gov)

Berens C, Streicher B, Schroeder R, Hillen W (1998) Visualizing metal-ion-binding sites in group I introns by iron(II)-mediated fenton reactions. (springer.com)

Research suggests that reduced quantities of this spliceosome subunit affect the assembly of the major spliceosome and change the production of a particular group of mRNA molecules. (medlineplus.gov)

For example, the genetic sequences of the introns or the regions that surround them are of no significance. (mit.edu)
Most VL30 sequences were found integrated either near, adjacent or inside transcription start sites, or into introns or at the 3′ end of genes. (mendeley.com)
You can enter a target template sequence (or a set of very similar template sequences using the "Primers for a group of sequences tab. (nih.gov)

Featured here, the Income Statement (earnings report) for iNtRON Biotechnology Inc, showing the company's financial performance from operating and non operating activities such as revenue, expenses and income for the last 4 periods (either quarterly or annually). (investing.com)
iNtRON Biotechnology has announced the identification of prophage and (non-)ORF-jamphage of the microbiome that are frequently observed in long-term pancreatic cancer survivors. (daitime.com)

Inclusion of nuclear intron sequence data helps to identify the Asian sister group of New World pitvipers. (bangor.ac.uk)
The SFPQ protein binds extensively to its retained intron, exhibits lower nuclear abundance in VCP mutant cultures and is lost from nuclei of MNs in mouse models and human sporadic ALS. (crick.ac.uk)
Both nuclear and chloroplast datasets provide strong support for three major lineages: the "Satureja", "Micromeria" and "Clinopodium" group. (unboundmedicine.com)

The Database for Bacterial Group II Introns is a repository of full-length, non-redundant group II introns present in bacterial DNA sequence. (wikipedia.org)
The actual function of the bacterial strain is expected to be mediated by prophage and jamphage, and iNtRON is carrying out further developments based on this expectation. (daitime.com)
Yoon Kyung-won, CEO of iNtRON, said: "While most of the existing bacteriophage research and development is focused on bacterial infectious diseases, iNtRON is expanding the applications of bacteriophages to include antiviral drug development as well as immune-related drug development. (daitime.com)

2023 ) Maturases and Group II Introns in the Mitochondrial Genomes of the Deepest Jakobid Branch. (academictree.org)

After splicing, some introns can be whittled down and retained for other uses - part of a group of so-called "non-coding RNAs. (mit.edu)

Spliceosomes recognize and then remove regions called introns from immature mRNA molecules to help produce mature mRNA. (medlineplus.gov)
Bos taurus polycomb group ring finger 1 (PCGF1), mRNA. (genscript.com)

Phylogenetic analysis revealed three VL30 groups with the oldest emerging ~17.5 Myrs ago, while the other two were characterized mostly by new genomic integrations. (mendeley.com)

Recognizing the potential role of these lysogenic phages in inducing immune responses within the body, iNtRON secured genetic resources derived from prophages/jamphages. (daitime.com)

Catalytic activity analyses in the presence of urea provide no evidence that the slow folding of the ai5gamma intron is attributable to the presence of unproductive kinetic traps along the folding pathway. (nih.gov)

High mobility group 2 protein (Hmgb2) is a member of the HMGB protein family, which includes the ubiquitous Hmgb1 and the embryo-specific Hmgb3. (biologists.com)

However, only little is known about sponge intron mobility, transmission, and origin due to the lack of a comprehensive dataset. (uni-muenchen.de)

In metazoans, mitochondrial introns have only been detected in sponges, cnidarians, placozoans and one annelid species. (uni-muenchen.de)
Aim There is an increasing evidence showing that species within various taxonomic groups have reticulate evolutionary histories with several cases of introgression events. (researchgate.net)
The Myotis mystacinus species group is represented by two morphotypes within the Palearctic region: a larger form described as M. davidii in the East and a smaller form, M. mystacinus, in the West. (researchgate.net)

We analyzed the largest dataset on sponge mitochondrial group I introns to date: 95 specimens, from 11 different sponge genera which provided novel insights into the evolution of group I introns. (uni-muenchen.de)
Such characters provide major insights into plant evolution by demarcating natural groups at a variety of taxonomic levels. (illinois.edu)

RESULTS: For the first time group I introns were detected in four genera of the sponge family Scleritodermidae (Scleritoderma, Microscleroderma, Aciculites, Setidium). (uni-muenchen.de)
2017) have demonstrated that Aporocactus is a monophyletic group that does not belong to Disocactus and that these genera are not directly related. (researchgate.net)
A diatom ( Neo-Latin diatoma ) [a] is any member of a large group comprising several genera of algae , specifically microalgae , found in the oceans, waterways and soils of the world. (eol.org)

Our analyses confirm that most sponge group I introns probably originated from fungi. (uni-muenchen.de)
However, identical terminal groups are inferred in both analyses. (unboundmedicine.com)

You must use FASTA or accessions for groups of templates. (nih.gov)

Our results to date have contributed to a phylogenetically-based system of classification for the group and have provided a framework in which to examine evolutionary patterns and processes. (illinois.edu)
Inheritance, homology by common descent, and the conservation of sequence and structure in the determination of function are all central ideas in biology that are directly related to the evolutionary history of any group of organisms. (nih.gov)

Taken together, the data suggest that the rate-limiting step for folding of group II intron ai5gamma occurs early along the reaction pathway. (nih.gov)
This reduction occurs in all my samples but it is more evident in one group than the other (statistically determined using read depth values). (biostars.org)

We demonstrated that group I introns in sponges aggregate in the most conserved regions of cox1. (uni-muenchen.de)

and Origanum were resolved as monophyletic, Pentapleura and Zataria indicated as sister groups. (unboundmedicine.com)
The Himalayan Clinopodium nepalense group and the tropical African C. abyssinicum alliance are monophyletic but indicated in different positions. (unboundmedicine.com)

Dysfunction of this pathway gives rise to a group of human diseases known as ribosomopathies and deregulation of the pathway had been linked with numerous types of human cancers. (nih.gov)

All groups below are crown groups, nearly all are extant. (mobot.org)
Gymnosperms are a group of land plants comprising the extant taxa, cycads, Ginkgo , gnetophytes and conifers. (nature.com)
Gymnosperms first appeared more than 300 million years ago (Myr ago) 1 , well before the angiosperm lineage separated from the stem group of extant gymnosperms 2 . (nature.com)

param countIntron specifies whether to use the intron data or not. (githubusercontent.com)

There is broad consensus that during and immediately following the origin of life, RNA was the single biopolymer or was among a small group of cooperating biopolymers. (springer.com)

Whitehead Institute researchers uncover a group of introns in yeast that possess surprising stability and function. (mit.edu)

Abrhámová K, Nemčko F, Libus J, Převorovský M, Hálová M, Půta F, Folk P. (2018) Introns provide a platform for intergenic regulatory feedback of RPL22 paralogs in yeast. (cuni.cz)
Work in Dr. Nair's laboratory has identified a region within intron 15 of KCNQ1 with potential regulatory function. (nih.gov)

But by and large, introns have been thought to be relegated to the genome's cutting room floor. (mit.edu)
We have used this activity in large undergraduate lecture settings, with 33 groups of 4 students. (carleton.edu)

Researchers have discovered that full-length introns - that is, those that have been cut out but remain otherwise intact - can persist and carry out useful biological functions. (mit.edu)
This is the first time anyone has found a biological role for full-length, excised introns," says senior author David Bartel, a member of the Whitehead Institute. (mit.edu)
Bartel and his Whitehead Institute colleagues, including world-renowned yeast expert Gerald Fink, now add an astonishing new dimension to this view: Full-length introns - that is, those that have been cut out but remain otherwise intact - can persist and carry out useful biological functions. (mit.edu)

Many of the bolded characters in the characterization above are apomorphies of more or less inclusive clades of streptophytes along the lineage leading to the embryophytes, not apomorphies of crown-group embryophytes per se . (mobot.org)
In the third lineage, the Clinopodium-group, branching pattern is highly incongruent among datasets and possibly influenced by recent and ancient hybridization, chloroplast capture and incomplete lineage sorting. (unboundmedicine.com)

The researchers, whose work appears online in the journal Nature , suggest that some introns also might accumulate and carry out functions in other organisms. (mit.edu)

We identify increased intron retention (IR) as a dominant feature of the splicing programme during early neural differentiation. (crick.ac.uk)

Recently we have developed a transgenic Drosophila model for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) a poorly understood late-onset disease that affects specific muscle groups in humans. (pewtrusts.org)
Questions remain as to which groups of patients benefit from therapy and at which point in the course of their disease. (nih.gov)

Within demosponges, group I and group II introns are present in six families. (uni-muenchen.de)
iNtRON says it anticipates that the prophage and (non-)ORF-jamphage present in the strain play an important role as IR modulators of the immune system. (daitime.com)

We solved the NMR solution structure of the d3′ hairpin of the Sc.ai5γ intron containing EBS1 in its 11-nucleotide loop in complex with the dIBS1 DNA 7-mer and compare it with the analogous RNA·RNA contact. (uzh.ch)

However, this combination always associates an active intron with a degenerating one. (uni-muenchen.de)
On December 22, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare approved an expanded indication for peginterferon alfa-2b in combination with ribavirin (Peg-Intron injection and Rebetol capsules, made by Schering-Plough K.K.), removing the previous limitations that allowed its use only in adult patients with chronic hepatitis C (HCV) genotype 1 virus and a high viral load. (medscape.com)
There are currently six approved therapeutic agents: interferon-alpha (Intron A), lamivudine (Epivir-HBV, Zeffix, and Heptodin), adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera), entecavir (Baraclude), pegylated interferon (Pegasys), and telbivudine (Tyzeka and Sebivo), which are often used in combination. (nih.gov)

Both groups appear in the ITS phylogeny in a clade with Cyclotrichium and Mentha, relationships not suggested previously. (unboundmedicine.com)

S could be classified into five major RAPD groups, which treptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus indicates that this sample of bovine GBS also comprised a [GBS]) is the major etiologic agent of invasive neona- limited number of lineages (7). (cdc.gov)
param geneID specifies the geneID to look at #' @param gown specifies the output from \code{readGown} #' @param group specifies the sample groups and will be used to determine the colors. (githubusercontent.com)

We showed that co-occurrence of two introns in cox1 is unique among metazoans, but not uncommon in sponges. (uni-muenchen.de)
Yet until now, these unique introns went undetected. (mit.edu)

In less than 10 years, the database has expanded to 400 introns. (wikipedia.org)
group (survival period of less than five years, median: 1.6 years). (daitime.com)

As reported in their Nature paper, the team discovered that these extraordinary introns are regulated by and function within the essential TORC1 growth signaling network, forming a previously unknown branch of this network that controls cell growth during periods of stress. (mit.edu)

Anatomy4

Organisms20

Chemicals and Drugs28

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes28

Information Science4

Exons11

Exon5

Homing endon1

Gene7

Abstract1

Ribozyme2

Proteins4

Eukaryotic2

Structural3

Structures5

Reactions1

Spliceosome1

Sequences3

Biotechnology2

Nuclear3

Bacterial3

20231

RNAs1

MRNA2

Phylogenetic1

Genetic1

Catalytic1

Protein1

Mobility1

Species3

Insights2

Genera3

Analyses2

Accessions1

Evolutionary2

Occurs2

Regions1

Monophyletic2

Pathway1

Extant3

Data1

Single1

Stability1

Regulatory2

Large2

Full-length3

Lineage2

Suggest1

Identify1

Disease2

Present2

Complex1

Combination3

Clade1

Sample2

Unique2

Years2

Function1