It took many decades before the seminal contributions of several virologists studying cancers were appreciated, such as Peyton Rous' 1911 discovery of the Rous sarcoma virus (which caused tumors in chickens), and discoveries of Richard Shope (rabbit fibroma) and John Bittner (mouse mammary carcinoma) in the 1930s. (cdc.gov)
Mouse1
Together they showed that the virus produced 20 types of mouse tumors and could cause tumors in other small mammals. (cdc.gov)
Human1
B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (cdc.gov)
Avian1
PMID- 214398 TI - Characterization of an adenosine triphosphatase of the avian myeloblastosis virus and the virus-infected myeloblast. (nih.gov)
So in 1956, when Stewart approached Eddy for assistance growing the agent causing parotid tumors in mice, Eddy readily agreed and the 2 women rapidly worked out the characteristics of the agent that was not referred to as a virus in their publications until 1959. (cdc.gov)
Serological characterization of B-tropic viruses of C57BL mice: possible origin by recombination of endogenous N-tropic and xenotropic viruses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Antibody-induced loss of Friend virus leukemia cell surface antigens occurs during progression of erythroleukemia in F1 mice. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Antigens1
Antibody-induced modulation of Friend virus cell surface antigens decreases virus production by persistent erythroleukemia cells: influence of the Rfv-3 gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Vitro2
AB - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from donors of known serological status with respect to EB virus were exposed to the virus in vitro and then cultured at various cell concentrations. (nih.gov)
The results strongly suggest that the regression phenomenon is an in vitro expression of long-term T-cell-mediated immunity to EB virus which the large majority, if not all, infected individuals possess. (nih.gov)
Serological1
Serological characterization of C-type retroviruses endogenous to the C57BL/6 mouse and isolated in tumours induced by radiation leukaemia virus (RadLV-Rs). (microbiologyresearch.org)
Radiation3
She went back home and they said, after that, that that radiation virus turned out to be a virus. (nih.gov)
Radiation-induced murine leukemias and endogenous retroviruses: the time course of viral expression. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Laboratory4
He was at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and had a Branch, or a Laboratory, consisting of a number of well known investigators, amongst which was Wally Rowe and, in his lab, Janet Hartley, who were pretty well known for work in some of the murine viruses. (nih.gov)
And up until I knew Bob from the Cancer Institute, I had been at the Public Health Service in Cincinnati and knew him more in terms of Adenoviruses and a variety of enteric viruses which his laboratory had been very instrumental in discovering, developing and, in fact, he supplied us with Adenovirus Type 3, which we used in disinfection studies and things like that. (nih.gov)
In 1944, when Stewart requested support to study the link between animal tumors and viruses, the directors of the NIH Laboratory of Microbiology and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) refused on the grounds that the proposal seemed dubious and that she lacked appropriate qualifications. (cdc.gov)
Stewart became medical director of the NCI Laboratory of Oncology and spent the remainder of her life researching several oncogenic viruses (e.g. (cdc.gov)
Transmission2
Avoiding occupational blood exposures is the primary way to prevent transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in health-care settings ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
PMID- 214400 TI - Transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus by Culex bitaeniorhynchus Giles. (nih.gov)
Time6
Stevenson: Before we get started on that, maybe we could go back in time and kind of pick up where Bob Huebner got started with virus cancer type investigations. (nih.gov)
We were doing work on enteric viruses in water and sewage and, at that time, I was also collecting fecal specimens from Albert Sabin's polio vaccine experiments to determine what quantities of Poliovirus were in feces, and we were using his vaccine strains in his volunteers as some indication of what you could find in raw feces. (nih.gov)
Do you recall when Bob got interested in tumor viruses for the first time? (nih.gov)
They were ubiquitous and they hung around for a long time and they had qualities that some of the other DNA viruses he was aware of did not. (nih.gov)
Well, it was right about that time that Charlotte Friend came up with her virus. (nih.gov)
The results of their collaboration were picked up by a 1959 Time Magazine cover story, citing John Heller, then the NCI director, "the hottest thing in cancer research is research on viruses as possible causes of cancer. (cdc.gov)
Cell4
They also demonstrated that the virus causes cell necrosis and proliferation in cell culture, that it is highly antigenic, and that it leads to formation of specific antibodies in infected animals whether or not tumors develop. (cdc.gov)
PMID- 214405 TI - Long-term T-cell-mediated immunity to Epstein-Barr virus in man. (nih.gov)
PMID- 214407 TI - Antibodies to Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of uterine cervix in India. (nih.gov)
AB - Antibody activity to Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2) was measured by the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test in sera from 124 women with squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, 46 women with non-cervical cancer and 116 matched normal women. (nih.gov)
Friend1
Huebner: Was that the Friend virus that she was talking about? (nih.gov)
Cancer2
This is a photograph of Sarah Elizabeth Stewart, PhD, MD (1905-1976), whose discoveries involving the murine polyomavirus with Bernice Eddy, PhD, propelled the then-reluctant field of oncology to pursue viral etiologies of cancer. (cdc.gov)
To understand Stewart's role in catalyzing viral oncology research, it is necessary to recognize that until the 1950s, scientists dismissed the idea that viruses could cause cancer. (cdc.gov)
Types1
Together they showed that the virus produced 20 types of mouse tumors and could cause tumors in other small mammals. (cdc.gov)