Granule inner cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

The name granule cell has been used for a number of different types of neurons whose only common feature is that they all have very small cell bodies. (wikipedia.org)
Cerebellar granule cells account for the majority of neurons in the human brain. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] The existence of gap junctions between granule cells allows multiple neurons to be coupled to one another allowing multiple cells to act in synchrony and to allow signalling functions necessary for granule cell development to occur. (wikipedia.org)
The granule cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus are small neurons with two or three short dendrites that give rise to a few branches with expansions at the terminals. (wikipedia.org)
A fundamental property of neuronal networks in Ammon's horn is that each area comprises a single glutamatergic cell population and various types of GABAergic neurons. (jneurosci.org)
A puzzling case is presented by cerebellar granule cells (GrC), the most numerous neurons of the brain 4 . (nature.com)
Neurons called granule cells are thought to play a central role in hippocampal pattern separation. (elifesciences.org)
Cytoplasmic RNA granules in germ cells (polar and germinal granules), somatic cells (stress granules and processing bodies), and neurons (neuronal granules) have emerged as important players in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. (rupress.org)
Although primary cultures of neurons are essential methods for cell biological and pharmacological researches, many animals must be sacrificed for each experiment. (go.jp)
Because in α 6 −/− neurons the remaining α 1 , β 2/3 , and γ 2 subunits cannot rescue the δ subunit, certain potential subunit combinations may not be found in wild-type cells. (jneurosci.org)
Rhombic lip derivatives, normally destined to occupy the external granule cell layer, violate the cerebellar boundary to form a ventrolateral nucleus in a position comparable to that occupied by rhombic lip derived neurons in rhombomere 2. (biomedcentral.com)
The specialized olfactory epithelial cells characterize the only group of neurons capable of regeneration. (medscape.com)
In no other location in the mature nervous system do less differentiated stem cells replace neurons. (medscape.com)
The receptor cells are actually bipolar neurons, each possessing a thin dendritic rod that contains specialized cilia extending from the olfactory vesicle and a long central process that forms the fila olfactoria. (medscape.com)
The small, unmyelinated axons of the olfactory receptor cells form the fine fibers of the first cranial nerve and travel centrally toward the ipsilateral olfactory bulb to make contact with the second-order neurons. (medscape.com)
Mitral cells are second-order neurons contacted by the olfactory nerve fibers at the glomerular layer of the bulb. (medscape.com)
Pyramidal mitral cells are the largest neurons in the bulb and are located in a narrow band between the external and internal plexiform layers. (medscape.com)
The granule cell layer contains multiple small, round neurons that lack axons. (medscape.com)
Long dendritic processes of the neurons reach the more superficial layers and inhibit mitral cells and tufted cells. (medscape.com)

Granule cells are found within the granular layer of the cerebellum, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, the superficial layer of the dorsal cochlear nucleus, the olfactory bulb, and the cerebral cortex. (wikipedia.org)
Cerebellar granule cells receive only a few inputs that can arise from a multitude of places throughout the brain and sensory periphery, indicating they may be well positioned to receive and transmit an array of non-sensorimotor signals to the cerebellum. (nature.com)
1 . Masoli S, Tognolina M, Laforenza U, Moccia F, D'Angelo E (2020) Parameter tuning differentiates granule cell subtypes enriching transmission properties at the cerebellum input stage. (yale.edu)
TITLE Cerebellum Granule Cell Model COMMENT basato sul modello di Raman a 13 stati. (yale.edu)
Here, we used a connectomic approach using a high-resolution, serial-sectioning scanning electron microscopy volume to investigate the laminar cytoarchitecture of the transient external granular layer (EGL) of the developing cerebellum, where granule cells coordinate a series of mitotic and migratory events. (hal.science)

In the current study, we have evaluated the ability of substance P (SP) and other neurokinin I receptor (NK1) agonists to protect, in a dose-and time-dependent manner, primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells (CGCs) from serum and potassium deprivation-induced cell death (S-K5). (torvergata.it)

CA3 granule cells in normal, healthy rats, similarly to dentate gyrus granule cells, coexpressed calbindin and the homeobox protein Prox1. (jneurosci.org)
CA3 granule cells were present in numbers that were comparable to the rarer GABAergic neuronal subtypes, and their somato-dendritic morphology, intrinsic properties, and perforant path inputs were similar to those of dentate gyrus granule cells. (jneurosci.org)
in the dentate gyrus granule cells (DGGCs) of preadolescent rats. (kyobobook.co.kr)

In the mammalian olfactory bulb, granule cells can process both synaptic input and output due to the presence of large spines. (wikipedia.org)
These results indicate that granule cells in the CA3 constitute a glutamatergic, nonprincipal neuronal subtype that is integrated into the CA3 synaptic network. (jneurosci.org)
Synaptic excitation of individual rat cerebellar granule cells in situ: evidence for the role of NMDA receptors. (modeldb.science)
2003). In vivo whole-cell recording of odor-evoked synaptic transmission in the rat olfactory bulb. (modeldb.science)
In the dentate gyrus, seizures enhance adult neurogenesis, but it is unclear to what extent newborn granule cells participate in seizure-induced synaptic reorganization. (elsevierpure.com)
The effects of trimethyltin (TMT) on passive properties and synaptic activity of dentate granule cell (GC) have been investigated in hippocampal slices in vitro. (unipr.it)
Here we show that Cbln1, a synaptic organizer of the C1q family, is released from lysosomes in axons but not dendrites of cerebellar granule cells in an activity- and Ca 2+ -dependent manner. (elsevierpure.com)
Central to this role is the inhibitory action exerted by Golgi cells over granule cells: Golgi cells inhibit granule cells through both feedforward and feedback inhibitory loops and generate a broad lateral inhibition that extends beyond the afferent synaptic field. (amrita.edu)

P-selectin (PADGEM, GMP-140, CD62) is a transmembrane protein specific to alpha granules of platelets and Weibel-Palade bodies of endotheial cells. (rupress.org)
Type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and its cofactor vitronectin (Vn) are stored within the alpha-granules of platelets. (mcmaster.ca)

Separation of the gut hormone endocrine-cell storage granules of human jejunum using analytical subcellular fractionation. (bmj.com)
In conclusion, we provide evidence for the regulated secretion of a transmembrane protein (P-selectin) in a heterologous cell line, which indicates that P-selectin contains an independent sorting signal directing it to storage granules. (rupress.org)
CLSM image analysis confirmed that the b-Vn was internalized and that it colocalized with PAI-1 in storage granules. (mcmaster.ca)
These data suggest that accumulation of PAI-1 in Dami cell storage granules is due to endogenous synthesis and that the accumulation of Vn is due to endocytosis of serum-derived Vn. (mcmaster.ca)

Insulin release involves the packaging of insulin in small (diameter approximate to0.3 mum) secretory granules, the trafficking of these granules to the plasma membrane, the exocytotic fusion of the granules with the plasma membrane and eventually the retrieval of the secreted membranes. (lu.se)
Evidence from a variety of secretory tissues, including pancreatic islet cells suggests, however, that the secretory granules can be functionally divided into distinct pools that are distinguished by their release competence and/or proximity to the plasma membrane. (lu.se)
The introduction of fluorescent proteins that can be targeted to the secretory granules, in combination with the advent of new techniques that allow real-time imaging of granule trafficking in living cells (granule dynamics), has led to an explosion of our knowledge of the pre-exocytotic and post-exocytotic processes in the beta cell. (lu.se)
P-selectin, a granule membrane protein of platelets and endothelial cells, follows the regulated secretory pathway in AtT-20 cells. (rupress.org)
Supporting cells are scattered among the receptor cells and have numerous microvilli and secretory granules, which empty their contents onto the mucosal surface. (medscape.com)
Kinetics of early T cell receptor signaling regulate the pathway of lytic granule delivery to the secretory domain. (ox.ac.uk)
We show here that the granules can take long or short paths to the secretory domain. (ox.ac.uk)
Rapid signaling caused swift granule concentration near the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) and subsequent delivery by the polarized MTOC directly to the secretory domain-the shortest path. (ox.ac.uk)
Indolent signaling led to late recruitment of granules that moved along microtubules to the periphery of the synapse and then moved tangentially to fuse at the outer edge of the secretory domain-a longer path. (ox.ac.uk)
This increase is caused by several factors, including increased concentration and cellular abundance of CC10 in granules and an increased mass of nonciliated secretory cells. (cdc.gov)

Mast cells contain granules that are rich in histamine. (proprofs.com)
Mast cells are cells that reside in the connective tissue and contain a large number of granules, rich in histamine, heparin, chymase, serotonin, and also cytokines. (bvsalud.org)

Here we introduce a novel system to cryopreserve hippocampal granule cells (GCs) prepared from postnatal rats. (go.jp)
Enhanced acoustic startle responding in rats with radiationinduced hippocampal granule cell hypoplasia. (bvsalud.org)

SG, stress granule. (rupress.org)
Stress Granule Assembly Disrupts Nucleocytoplasmic Transport. (bvsalud.org)
Importantly, inhibiting stress granule assembly, such as by knocking down Ataxin-2 , suppresses nucleocytoplasmic transport defects as well as neurodegeneration in C9ORF72-mediated ALS/FTD. (bvsalud.org)
Our findings identify a link between stress granule assembly and nucleocytoplasmic transport , two fundamental cellular processes implicated in the pathogenesis of C9ORF72-mediated ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases . (bvsalud.org)

Each cell gives rise to short central dendrites and a single long apical dendrite that expands into the granule cell layer and enters the mitral cell body layer. (wikipedia.org)
Olfactory bulb mitral cell granule cell (see Mori 1987 Prog Neurobiol. (modeldb.science)
The glomerular layer is the most superficial layer, consisting of mitral cell dendritic arborizations (glomeruli), olfactory nerve fibers, and periglomerular cells. (medscape.com)
Periglomerular cells contact multiple mitral cell dendrites within the glomeruli and provide lateral inhibition of neighboring glomeruli while allowing excitation of a specific mitral cell dendritic tree. (medscape.com)
Each mitral cell is contacted by at least 1000 olfactory nerve fibers. (medscape.com)
Some of the granule cell dendrites in the plexiform layer contact mitral cell dendrites through a specialized dendrodendritic synapse, which also is termed a reciprocal synapse (vesicles seen within presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes). (medscape.com)

These parallel fibers form thousands of excitatory granule-cell-Purkinje-cell synapses onto the intermediate and distal dendrites of Purkinje cells using glutamate as a neurotransmitter. (wikipedia.org)
The vast majority of granule cell axonal synapses are found on the parallel fibers. (wikipedia.org)
Somatic paired recordings revealed that CA3 granule cells innervated CA3 pyramidal and GABAergic cells similarly to conventional mossy fiber synapses. (jneurosci.org)
They received GABAergic synapses from cholecystokinin-expressing mossy fiber-associated cells that did not innervate the dentate granule cell layer, and these synapses demonstrated unusually strong activity-dependent endocannabinoid-mediated inhibition of GABA release. (jneurosci.org)

Cerebellar granule cells project up through the Purkinje layer into the molecular layer where they branch out into parallel fibers that spread through Purkinje cell dendritic arbors. (wikipedia.org)
Axon: Each granule cell sends a single axon onto the Purkinje cell dendritic tree. (wikipedia.org)
the dendritic arbor, the cell body, and the axon. (nih.gov)
The cellular makeup of these monocytoid/histocytic cells is heterogeneous and ranges from cells of lymphoid, histiocytic, and dendritic origin. (medscape.com)
[ 3 , 4 ] Langerhans cells are stellate dendritic cells that arise from CD34-positive bone marrow stem cells [ 5 ] and are not a member of the mononuclear phagocytic system. (medscape.com)
Langerhans cell granulomatosis cells are abnormal and coexpress S100 and CD1a, and these markers are used to separate this subpopulation of dendritic cells from other histiocyte-like cells. (medscape.com)
It emphasizes the importance of immunocytochemistry to separate this histiocyte-like cell proliferation from true histiocytic and other dendritic cell types. (medscape.com)
In 1868, Paul Langerhans discovered the epidermal dendritic cells that now bear his name. (medscape.com)
Therefore, in addition to epidermal Langerhans cells, other potential cellular origins for LCH include dermal langerin + dendritic cells, lymphoid tissue-resident langerin + dendritic cells, and monocytes that can be induced by local environmental stimuli to acquire a Langerhans cell phenotype. (medscape.com)
The working group of the Histiocyte Society divided histocytic disorders into three groups: (1) dendritic cell histiocytosis, (2) macrophage-related disorders, and (3) malignant histiocytosis. (medscape.com)
Arguments supporting the reactive nature of LCH include the occurrence of spontaneous remissions, the extensive elaboration of multiple cytokines by dendritic cells and T-cells (the so-called cytokine storm) in LCH lesions, and the good survival rate in patients without organ dysfunction. (medscape.com)

Granule cells (save for those of the olfactory bulb) have a structure typical of a neuron consisting of dendrites, a soma (cell body) and an axon. (wikipedia.org)
The main intrinsic granule cell in the vertebrate olfactory bulb lacks an axon (as does the accessory neuron). (wikipedia.org)
A number of distinct neuronal populations are generated in r1, including cerebellar granule cells [ 2 ], the most populous neuron in the vertebrate CNS. (biomedcentral.com)

These two populations of granule cells are also the only major neuronal populations that undergo adult neurogenesis, while cerebellar and cortical granule cells do not. (wikipedia.org)

The adult hippocampus hosts the continuous addition of new dentate granule cells (DGCs) in numerous mammalian species, including humans. (biomedcentral.com)

The morphological maturation of this cell population is crucial for the establishment of appropriate afferent connections from the perforant pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, seizures facilitated functional integration of adult-generated granule cells.Onemonthlater, subsequent generations of newborn cells also showed alterations in dendrite morphology, suggesting persistent effects of seizures on granule cell maturation. (elsevierpure.com)
As a result, the pathologic cells of LCH have been hypothesized to represent Langerhans cells in a state of arrested maturation. (medscape.com)

In both cases, a subset of translationally silenced mRNAs is packaged into RNP granules that lack a limiting membrane and are visible using light microscopy. (rupress.org)
This movement may have a role in transport of the beta granule from Golgi to B-cell membrane. (diabetesjournals.org)
Upon stimulation of these cells, P-selectin is translocated to the plasma membrane where it functions as a receptor for monocytes and neutrophils. (rupress.org)
Block of Arp2/3 activity with drugs or shRNA inhibits F-actin coating, traps granules at the cell membrane and reduces insulin secretion. (ox.ac.uk)

Morphological descriptions of RNA granules originated with Metschnikoff (1865) , who described dark staining granules at one pole within Miastor metraloas (fly) larvae. (rupress.org)
We report that pilocarpine-induced seizures accelerated the morphological development of labeled granule cells, causing their dendrites to extend through the molecular layer. (elsevierpure.com)

These cells play a crucial role in the immune system by releasing inflammatory substances, such as histamine, in response to allergens or pathogens. (proprofs.com)
When mast cells are activated, they release cytokines such as histamine, interleukins, and tumor necrosis factor, which can trigger various immune responses and contribute to allergic reactions and inflammation. (proprofs.com)
When mast cells are activated, they release histamine, which causes blood vessels to dilate, smooth muscles to contract, and an increase in mucus production. (proprofs.com)

Different classes of RNA granules share some protein components and may use similar mechanisms to regulate mRNA translation/decay. (rupress.org)
To investigate whether the mechanism of targeting of P-selectin to granules is specific for megakaryocytes and endothelial cells and/or dependent on von Willebrand factor, a soluble adhesive protein that is stored in the same granules, we have expressed the cDNA for P-selectin in AtT-20 cells. (rupress.org)
Here, removal of intact α 6 protein from cerebellar granule cells allowed perturbations in other subunit levels to be studied. (jneurosci.org)
During the first weeks of their existence, mouse newborn granule cells labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein have only short dendrites that lack excitatory input. (elsevierpure.com)
Here, we show that cellular stress disrupts nucleocytoplasmic transport by localizing critical nucleocytoplasmic transport factors into stress granules , RNA / protein complexes that play a crucial role in ALS pathogenesis . (bvsalud.org)
Here we report a class of mRNA granules in human neuronal processes that are enriched in the nuclear cap-binding protein complex (CBC) and exon junction complex (EJC) core components, Y14 and eIF4AIII. (frontiersin.org)
such as those in the brain, polyglutamine-binding protein 1 is found in structures called RNA granules. (medlineplus.gov)
Elevation of intracellular Clara cell 10-kDa protein in central acini of rats exposed for 20 months. (cdc.gov)
The regional restructuring of the central acinus in rats following long term exposure to ozone (10028156) was examined, and factors, including Clara cell 10 kilodalton protein (CC10), that may make some target cell populations more resistant to injury, were identified. (cdc.gov)

Granule cells in different brain regions are both functionally and anatomically diverse: the only thing they have in common is smallness. (wikipedia.org)
Excitatory hilar mossy cells (MCs) in the dentate gyrus receive inputs from dentate granule cells (GCs) and project back to GCs locally, contralaterally, and along the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus, thereby establishing an associative positive-feedback loop and connecting functionally diverse hippocampal areas. (nih.gov)
Thus, ABGCs provide two temporally overlapping but functionally distinct neuronal cell populations, adding a novel level of complexity to our understanding of how life-long neurogenesis contributes to adult brain function. (elifesciences.org)

AtT-20 cells are a mouse pituitary cell line that can store proteins in a regulated fashion. (rupress.org)
Using GFP-labelled proteins, we identify local enrichment of Arp3, dynamin 2 and clathrin, all occurring after granule fusion, suggesting early recruitment of an endocytic complex to the fusing granules. (ox.ac.uk)
Heterogeneous population of RNA granules serve as motile units to translocate, store, translate, and degrade mRNAs in the dendrites contain cis -elements and trans -acting factors such as RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs to convey stimulus-, transcript-specific local translation. (frontiersin.org)
Using ultrastructural and confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) image analysis, we observed that treatment of Dami cells, a human megakaryocytic cell line, with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induces the accumulation of PAI-1 and Vn in intracellular storage vacuoles that contain other alpha-granule proteins such as von Willebrand factor. (mcmaster.ca)
Cytokines are small proteins that play a crucial role in cell signaling and communication. (proprofs.com)
The RNA is held within the granules until the genetic information it carries is translated to produce proteins or until cellular signals or environmental factors trigger the RNA to be degraded. (medlineplus.gov)
Membraneless intracellular compartments formed through liquid-liquid phase separation from the surrounding CYTOPLASM or nucleoplasm or by the concentration of proteins and nucleic acids into droplets as they aggregate on static cellular structures such as CELL MEMBRANES. (bvsalud.org)

Eosinophils are granulocytes (white blood cells that contain granules in their cytoplasm) derived from the same progenitor cells as monocytes-macrophages, neutrophils, and basophils. (msdmanuals.com)

Its axon projects to the molecular layer of the dorsal cochlear nucleus where it forms parallel fibers, also similar to cerebellar granule cells. (wikipedia.org)
The axon of a cerebellar granule cell splits to form a parallel fiber which innervates Purkinje cells. (wikipedia.org)

Early global overexpression of Hoxa2 at embryonic day 0 has no effect on the expression of isthmic signalling molecules or the allocation of rhombomere 1 territory, but selectively results in the loss of granule cell markers at embryonic day 6 and the depletion of cell bodies from the external granule cell layer. (biomedcentral.com)
These granules are physically associated with stabilized microtubules and are spatially segregated from eIF4E-enriched granules and P-bodies. (frontiersin.org)
There is an abnormal intracellular transport to and from the lysosome, and giant inclusion bodies in a variety of cell types. (lu.se)

These granule cells receive excitatory input from mossy fibers originating from pontine nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
The dorsal cochlear granule cells are small excitatory interneurons which are developmentally related and thus resemble the cerebellar granule cell. (wikipedia.org)
Cerebellar granule cells receive excitatory input from 3 or 4 mossy fibers originating from pontine nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
Mossy fibers make an excitatory connection onto granule cells which cause the granule cell to fire an action potential. (wikipedia.org)
1984. The reversal potential of excitatory amino acid action on granule cells of the rat dentate gyrus. (cdc.gov)

For instance, olfactory bulb granule cells are GABAergic and axonless, while granule cells in the dentate gyrus have glutamatergic projection axons. (wikipedia.org)
Synapse: 100-300,000 granule cell axons synapse onto a single Purkinje cell. (wikipedia.org)
CA3 granule cell axons displayed giant mossy fiber terminals with filopodial extensions, demonstrating that not all mossy fibers originate from the dentate gyrus. (jneurosci.org)
The aforementioned axons establish the first synapse with the dendrites of dentate granule cells (DGCs). (biomedcentral.com)

Myeloproliferative neoplasms are clonal proliferations of bone marrow stem cells, which can manifest as an increased number of platelets, red blood cells (RBCs), or white blood cells (WBCs), alone or in combination, in the circulation and sometimes with fibrosis in the bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis (cell production outside the marrow). (msdmanuals.com)

The granule cells, produced by the rhombic lip, are found in the granule cell layer of the cerebellar cortex. (wikipedia.org)
Anatomical tracing did not reveal direct input to the cerebellar cortex from midbrain dopamine cells like those of the ventral tegmental area that are known to convey reward signals ( Cohen et al, 2012 ). (nature.com)

Dendrites: Each granule cell has 3 - 4 stubby dendrites which end in a claw. (wikipedia.org)
The granule cell has a characteristic cone-shaped tree of spiny apical dendrites. (wikipedia.org)
The dendrites are short with claw-like endings that form glomeruli to receive mossy fibers, similar to cerebellar granule cells. (wikipedia.org)
The external plexiform layer contains the passing dendrites of mitral cells and a few tufted cells, which are similar in size to mitral cells. (medscape.com)
Climbing Fiber Coupling between Adjacent Purkinje Cell Dendrites in Vivo. (lu.se)

Notably, LCH cells have been found to express markers of both resting epidermal Langerhans cells (CD1a, intracellular major histocompatibility complex II [MHCII], Birbeck granules) and activated Langerhans cells (including CD54 and CD58). (medscape.com)

In the present study, we explored the effects of two-day zolpidem (10 µM) treatment on GABAA receptors on the membranes of rat cerebellar granule cells (CGCs) using [3H]flunitrazepam binding and semiquantitative PCR analysis. (irb.hr)

Fractionation of the transfected cells resulted in the codistribution of P-selectin and ACTH in cellular compartments of the same density. (rupress.org)
The term Langerhans cell histiocytosis is generally preferred to the older term, histiocytosis X. This newer name emphasizes the histogenesis of the condition by specifying the type of lesional cell and removes the connotation of the unknown ("X") because its cellular basis has now been clarified. (medscape.com)
Specifically, a variety of other cellular populations have been identified that possess phenotypic characteristics similar to Langerhans cells, including expression of CD207 and Birbeck granules. (medscape.com)

[ 1 ] Antigen-presenting cells or histiocyte-like cells containing Birbeck granules have been identified within inflamed synovial tissues. (medscape.com)
The ultrastructural hallmark of the Langerhans cell, the Birbeck granule, was described a century later. (medscape.com)

4-Amino-7-hydroxy-2-methyl-5,6,7,8,-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, but-2-ynyl ester (SB-205384) and other γ-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) receptor modulators were tested for their effects on GABA-activated chloride currents in rat cerebellar granule cells by use of the whole-cell patch clamp technique. (herts.ac.uk)

Layer 4 granule cells of the cerebral cortex receive inputs from the thalamus and send projections to supragranular layers 2-3, but also to infragranular layers of the cerebral cortex. (wikipedia.org)
However, CA3 granule cells were distinct in the specific organization of their GABAergic inputs. (jneurosci.org)

Here we describe an exception to this rule, in the form of granule cells that reside within the CA3 area and function as glutamatergic nonprincipal cells with distinct properties. (jneurosci.org)
In whole-cell recordings 5-16 d after seizure induction, perforant-path stimulation now evoked glutamatergic input to newborn granule cells. (elsevierpure.com)

Although the morphology and positioning of DGCs within the granule cell layer (GCL) match their developmental origin in rodents, a similar correlation has not been reported in humans to date. (biomedcentral.com)

find that Cbln1 is released from lysosomes by neuronal activity and accumulated at axonal boutons of cerebellar granule cells. (elsevierpure.com)

There is an uncontrolled granule fusion leading to defective granules in neutrophils, which fail in chemotaxis. (lu.se)

This area (only a few centimeters wide) contains more than 100 million olfactory receptor cells. (medscape.com)
These specialized epithelial cells give rise to the olfactory vesicles containing kinocilia, which serve as sites of stimulus transduction. (medscape.com)
The olfactory epithelium consists of 3 cell types: basal, supporting, and olfactory receptor cells. (medscape.com)
Basal cells are stem cells that give rise to the olfactory receptor cells (seen in the image below). (medscape.com)

GCGs direct the timing of maternal mRNA translation to promote germ cell development in the early embryo and establish the germ line for the next generation. (rupress.org)
The δ subunit mRNA was present at wild-type levels in the mutant granule cells, indicating a post-translational loss of the δ subunit. (jneurosci.org)
Reverse transcription-PCR analysis of RNA extracted from resting and PMA-treated Dami cells confirmed that PAI-1 mRNA expression was detectable at low levels in resting cells and induced by PMA treatment. (mcmaster.ca)

Basophils, lymphoid cells, and megakaryocytes are not direct precursors of mast cells. (proprofs.com)

For example, cerebellar granule cells express six subunit genes abundantly (α 1 , α 6 , β 2 , β 3 , γ 2 , and δ), and so they probably have several distinct GABA A receptor subtypes of unknown subunit stoichiometry. (jneurosci.org)

In the dentate gyrus - a key component of spatial memory circuits - granule cells (GCs) are known to be morphologically diverse and to display heterogeneous activity profiles during behavior. (elifesciences.org)
Immunoelectron microscopy using a polyclonal anti-P-selectin antibody demonstrated immunogold localization in dense granules, morphologically indistinguishable from the ACTH granules. (rupress.org)

These cells, unlike the majority of nerve cells, can form at any time, and those that form in the mature brain are called adult born granule cells (ABGCs). (elifesciences.org)

The pathogenesis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is unknown. (medscape.com)

Cerebellar granule cell precursors are specifically generated within the hindbrain segment, rhombomere 1, which is bounded rostrally by the midbrain/hindbrain isthmus and caudally by the boundary of the Hoxa2 expression domain. (biomedcentral.com)
We examined the response of granule cell precursors to the overexpression of Hoxa2 , which normally determines patterns of development specific to the hindbrain. (biomedcentral.com)
Different overexpression strategies reveal that the recognition of migration cues by granule cell precursors is dependent on their identity as rhombomere 1 derivatives. (biomedcentral.com)
Which of the following cells are the precursors of mast cells? (proprofs.com)

We conclude that local Arp2/3-dependent actin nucleation at the sites of granule fusion plays an important role in post-fusion granule dynamics and in the regulation of insulin secretion. (ox.ac.uk)

Light-induced pigment granule migration in the retinular cells of Drosophila melanogaster. (cdc.gov)
The dependence of pigment granule migration (PGM) upon the receptor potential was examined using several strains of electroretinogram (ERG)-defective mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. (cdc.gov)

J Cell Biol (2006) 172 (6): 803-808. (rupress.org)
J Cell Biol (1992) 116 (3): 617-625. (rupress.org)

How Well Do You Know Mast cells? (proprofs.com)
Take the mast cells quiz to test your knowledge about them. (proprofs.com)
Who discovered the Mast cells? (proprofs.com)
Paul Ehrlich is credited with discovering mast cells. (proprofs.com)
He observed and described a type of cell with granules in their cytoplasm, which he named "mastzellen" or mast cells. (proprofs.com)
Ehrlich's discovery of mast cells was a significant contribution to the understanding of the immune system and its role in allergic reactions and inflammation. (proprofs.com)
Where are mast cells found in the body? (proprofs.com)
Mast cells are found in various parts of the body, including the skin, gut, and respiratory tract. (proprofs.com)
Which substance is released during the degranulation of mast cells? (proprofs.com)
During the degranulation of mast cells, cytokines are released. (proprofs.com)
Mast cells are derived from pluripotent stem cells, which have the ability to differentiate into various cell types. (proprofs.com)
Pluripotent stem cells are found in the bone marrow and can give rise to different blood cell lineages including mast cells. (proprofs.com)
What's the shape of nucleus found in mast cells? (proprofs.com)
The shape of the nucleus found in mast cells is round. (proprofs.com)
This round shape is characteristic of mast cells and helps to differentiate them from other types of cells. (proprofs.com)
The granules of mast cells are rich in which of the following compounds? (proprofs.com)
The aim of the present study was to locate mast cells in chronic periapical lesions (granulomas and cysts) by using histochemical techniques and toluidine blue staining. (bvsalud.org)
Mast cells were found in 13 (61.9%) of the periapical cyst cases, located in the capsule of the lesion. (bvsalud.org)
In the periapical granuloma cases, mast cells were found in eight cases (50%), located in the granulation tissue. (bvsalud.org)
Mast cells were detected in both cysts and periapical granuloma, located in the capsule and granulation tissue, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Mast cells were more prevalent in periapical cysts than in periapical granuloma. (bvsalud.org)
Mast cells. (bvsalud.org)
The exact mechanism associated with this growth and expansion remains unclear, although it is known that several types of cells, including mast cells, do play a role in such phenomena 4 . (bvsalud.org)

Because of the longstanding technical difficulties arising from their small size and dense packing, however, granule cell responses have not been recorded during cognitive tasks. (nature.com)

Anatomy70

Organisms16

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs62

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment41

Phenomena and Processes58

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Neurons19

Cerebellum5

Primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule1

Dentate gyrus granule cells3

Synaptic8

Alpha granules of platelets2

Storage granules4

Secretory10

Rich in histamine2

Hippocampal granule2

Stress granule4

Mitral cell6

Synapses4

Dendritic11

Neuron3

Cortical1

Mammalian1

Maturation3

Membrane4

Morphological2

Histamine3

Protein9

Functionally3

Proteins7

Contain granules1

Axon2

Bodies3

Excitatory5

Axons4

Platelets1

Cerebellar cortex2

Dendrites5

Intracellular1

CGCs1

Cellular3

Birbeck2

Currents1

Inputs2

Glutamatergic2

Humans1

Axonal1

Neutrophils1

Olfactory4

MRNA3

Megakaryocytes1

GABA1

Morphologically2

Nerve1

Pathogenesis1

Precursors4

Regulation1

Drosophila2

Biol2

Mast cells23

Dense1