Envelope glycoprotein GP120 (or gp120) is a glycoprotein exposed on the surface of the HIV envelope. (wikipedia.org)
Gp120 is anchored to the viral membrane, or envelope, via non-covalent bonds with the transmembrane glycoprotein, gp41. (wikipedia.org)
A conserved region in the gp120 glycoprotein that is involved in the metastable attachment of gp120 to CD4 has been identified and targeting of invariant region has been achieved with a broadly neutralising antibody, IgG1-b12. (wikipedia.org)
A conserved HIV gp120 glycoprotein structure involved in chemokine receptor binding. (openwetware.org)
The antigenic structure of the HIV gp120 envelope glycoprotein. (openwetware.org)
Structure of an HIV gp120 envelope glycoprotein in complex with the CD4 receptor and a neutralizing human antibody. (openwetware.org)
The E2-BS1 fusion peptide showed good antigenic results, however only one immunized rabbit elicited good antibody titers towards both the monomeric and oligomeric viral envelope glycoprotein (Env). (unicz.it)
In particular, we highlight IC vaccine candidates that exploit Fab-mediated steric and allosteric effects to direct antibody responses away or toward the V1V2 domain, the V3 loop, and other antigenic sites on the HIV-1 envelope gp120 glycoprotein. (mssm.edu)
Determination of the structure of the HIV-1 gp120 envelope glycoprotein (Kwong 1998 Nature 393, 648-659), provided a physical map of the primary target of neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 and showed how gp120 conformational diversity can prevent antibody-mediated neutralization (Kwong 2002 Nature 420, 678-682) and how N-linked carbohydrates can form an "evolving glycan shield" (Wei 2003 Nature 422, 307-312). (nih.gov)
Epitope5
Structural definition of a conserved neutralization epitope on HIV-1 gp120. (openwetware.org)
Using these cassette vectors, we reconstituted the original HLA-restricted antigen specificity for two human T cell clones, one recognizing an immunodominant epitope of HIV-1 gp120, and the other recognizing an immunodominant epitope of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. (ox.ac.uk)
By combining molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis, the epitope of Y498 was characterized to contain three antigenic sites on gp120, including the CD4 binding loop in C3, the β23 in C4 and the β24-α5 in C5, which overlap the binding sites of CD4 and CD4bs-directed mAbs (b12, VRC01, A16). (oncotarget.com)
With detailed examples, this review highlights the new opportunities, factors and methods of predicting antigenic changes for consideration in sagacious epitope selection. (preprints.org)
Epitope : Antigen has antigenic determinant site, called epitope. (balbhartisolutions.com)
Protein7
The primary env product is the protein gp160, which gets cleaved to gp120 (~480 amino acids) and gp41 (~345 amino acids) in the endoplasmatic reticulum by the cellular protease furin. (wikipedia.org)
It is disclosed herein that the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 binds to α4β7 integrin on CD4+ T-cells, natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. (justia.com)
Those vaccines included whole inactivated virus preparations, utilizing heat or formalin, or a recombinant envelope protein of HIV gp120. (aphios.com)
For the HIV-1 glycoantigens, the dense glycan shield on the surface of the envelope protein gp120 was chosen as a target. (unibo.it)
The broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody 2G12 binds a cluster of high-mannose oligosaccharides on the gp120 subunit of HIV-1 Env protein. (unibo.it)
Binding to CD4 induces the start of a cascade of conformational changes in gp120 and gp41 that lead to the fusion of the viral membrane with the host cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
gp120 can also easily be shed from the surface of the virus and captured by T cells due to its loose binding with gp41. (wikipedia.org)
Notably, several conserved regions in viral envelope (Env) glycoproteins (gp120/gp41) have been frequently identified as sites of vulnerability to neutralization, which include the CD4-binding site (CD4bs), the glycan-associated V1V2 and V3 of gp120, and the membrane proximal external region (MPER) of gp41. (oncotarget.com)
If antibodies to any of the major HIV-1 antigens are present in the specimen in sufficient concentration, bands corresponding to the position of one or more of the following HIV-1 proteins (p) or glycoproteins (gp) will be seen on the nitrocellulose strip: p17, p24, p31, gp41, p51, p66, gp120, gp160 (number refers to apparent molecular mass in kilodaltons). (cdc.gov)
Cryo-EM structure of a CD4-bound open HIV-1 envelope trimer reveals structural rearrangements of the gp120 V1V2 loop. (openwetware.org)
Antibody5
The presence of large carbohydrate chains extending from gp120 might obscure possible antibody binding sites. (wikipedia.org)
While the transmitting host has developed a neutralizing antibody response to gp120, the newly infected host lacks immune recognition of the virus. (wikipedia.org)
Structure of HIV-1 gp120 V1/V2 domain with broadly neutralizing antibody PG9. (openwetware.org)
HIV diversity and capability for antigenic drift are only two of the reasons for the inefficiency of first-generation anti-HIV vaccines, which induced a humoral (antibody) response against a limited number of epitopes. (aphios.com)
Although the vaccine Env AE.A244 gp120 is antigenic for the unmutated common ancestor of V1V2 broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAbs), no plasma bnAb activity was induced. (cornell.edu)
Peptide1
ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide. (affbiotech.com)
Antibodies11
Many neutralizing antibodies bind to sites located in variable regions of gp120, so mutations in these regions will be selected for strongly. (wikipedia.org)
PNGSs allow for the binding of long-chain carbohydrates to the high variability regions of gp120, so the authors hypothesize that the number of PNGSs in env might affect the fitness of the virus by providing more or less sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
As the host immune system develops antibodies against gp120, immune pressures seem to select for increased glycosylation, particularly on the exposed variable loops of gp120. (wikipedia.org)
Consequently, insertions in env, which confer more PNGSs on gp120 may be more tolerated by the virus as higher glycan density promotes the viral ability to evade antibodies and thus promotes higher viral fitness. (wikipedia.org)
In considering how much PNGS density could theoretically change, there may be an upper bound to PNGS number due to its inhibition of gp120 folding, but if the PNGS number decreases substantially, then the virus is too easily detected by neutralizing antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] The relationship between gp120 and neutralizing antibodies is an example of Red Queen evolutionary dynamics. (wikipedia.org)
Efforts to develop HIV vaccines targeting gp120, however, have been hampered by the chemical and structural properties of gp120, which make it difficult for antibodies to bind to it. (wikipedia.org)
Interaction Analysis between HIV gp120 and the Antibodies by Fragment Molecular Orbital Method. (openwetware.org)
Human Anti-HIV-1 gp120 Monoclonal Antibodies with Neutralizing Activity Cloned from Humanized Mice Infected with HIV-1. (openwetware.org)
The antigen-binding domains of the Fab fragment can bind their specific epitopes at high affinity to sterically occlude these antigenic sites from recognition by other antibodies. (mssm.edu)
Functional env clones were sequenced and their neutralization phenotypes characterized by using soluble CD4, monoclonal antibodies, and serum samples from infected individuals and noninfected recipients of a recombinant gp120 vaccine. (duke.edu)
Vaccine4
Since CD4 receptor binding is the most obvious step in HIV infection, gp120 was among the first targets of HIV vaccine research. (wikipedia.org)
The Chiron company, maker of the deadly anthrax vaccine, makes an adjuvant called MF-59 which contains two main ingredients of concern-squalene and gp120. (blogspot.com)
The canary pox vector and gp120 vaccine (ALVAC-HIV and AIDSVAX B/E gp120) in the RV144 HIV-1 vaccine trial conferred an estimated 31% vaccine efficacy. (cornell.edu)
HIV-1-uninfected RV144 vaccine recipients were reimmunized 6-8 years later with AIDSVAX B/E gp120 alone, ALVAC-HIV alone, or a combination of ALVAC-HIV and AIDSVAX B/E gp120 in the RV305 trial. (cornell.edu)
Highly conserved1
The Bridging Sheet domain of HIV-1 gp120 is highly conserved among the HIV-1 strains and allows HIV-1 binding to host cells via the HIV-1 coreceptors. (unicz.it)
Recombinant1
This suggests that recombinant pro- new member of the genus Coronavirus , but it does not teins containing RBD and vectors encoding the RBD belong to any of the 3 antigenic groups, although some sequence can be used to develop safe and effective SARS reports suggest that it most resembles the group 2 coron- vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Conformational1
CD4-binding obstacles in conformational transitions and allosteric communications of HIV gp120. (openwetware.org)
Binds1
Gp120 binds to cells expressing CD4 cell-surface antigens, most notably T4-lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. (lookformedical.com)
Determinant1
Recent studies show that a chemically synthesized core polysaccharide-based antigen may represent an antigenic structural determinant of the large polysaccharide. (unibo.it)
Clones1
Env clones from 12 R5 primary HIV-1 isolates were selected that were not unusually sensitive or resistant to neutralization and comprised a wide spectrum of genetic, antigenic, and geographic diversity. (duke.edu)
Structural3
gp120: biologic aspects of structural features. (openwetware.org)
Structural basis of immune evasion at the site of CD4 attachment on HIV-1 gp120. (openwetware.org)
These methods inactivate HIV without causing major structural and physical damage to the virion, including gp120. (aphios.com)
Virions1
These particles are unique in that they lack several core components of mature virions and present an increased number of gp120 particles (trimeric spikes) as compared to wild type (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Stimulation1
2. Chemically they are Immunoglobulins (Igs), produced after antigenic stimulation. (balbhartisolutions.com)
Allosteric1
Moreover, the Fab-mediated binding has been demonstrated to induce allosteric alterations at nearby or distant antigenic sites. (mssm.edu)
Genetic1
Not only are there numerous viral genotypes, with new ones likely to emerge, but there is also the capability for permanent genetic and antigenic drift, which enables the virus to evade the host immune response (IR) in a single infected person. (aphios.com)
Differences1
Our study provides new information on how Env antigenic differences drastically affect the expansion of particular B cell lineages and supports immunogen-design efforts aiming at stimulating the expansion of cells expressing particular B cell receptors. (plos.org)
Molecular1
The Molecular Basis of pH-Modulated HIV gp120 Binding Revealed. (openwetware.org)
Viral1
Increases in gp120 variability result in significantly elevated levels of viral replication, indicating an increase in viral fitness in individuals infected by diverse HIV-1 variants. (wikipedia.org)
Receptor2
The strategy underlying these CD4 based therapies, i.e. blocking the interaction between gp120 and the CD4 receptor, encompasses advantages distinct from current HAART regimens. (justia.com)
The resulting transfectants are highly stable both in terms of T cell receptor-CD3 expression and IL-2 response to the specific antigenic stimulus. (ox.ac.uk)
Attachment1
Gp120 is essential for virus entry into cells as it plays a vital role in attachment to specific cell surface receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Immune1
The combination of electrophoretic separation of complex mixtures of antigens with the highly sensitive immunoblotting technique has been useful in characterizing the antigenic profile of HIV-1 and describing the immune response to this virus in exposed or infected persons. (cdc.gov)
Significantly1
New Feature: You can significantly search favorable treatment data on your Gp120! (sheppardengineering.com)
Cells1
Since gp120 plays a vital role in the ability of HIV-1 to enter CD4+ cells, its evolution is of particular interest. (wikipedia.org)
Surface2
Increasing the number of gp120 molecules on the surface of L-2 particles, could allow for an enhanced number of NAbs. (biomedcentral.com)
We propose that one needs to think differently by presenting defective HIV particles (L-2) which contain 7 to 10-fold more gp120 spikes on their surface in a prime (plasmid pL2)-boost (L-2 particle-Figure 1 ) strategy. (biomedcentral.com)
Domain1
The crystal structure of core gp120 shows an organization with an outer domain, an inner domain with respect to its termini and a bridging sheet. (wikipedia.org)
It efficiently blocked the binding of soluble CD4 to gp120 and competed with the CD4-binding site (CD4bs)-specific mAbs. (oncotarget.com)
Research1
Hospital expression in antigenic research heart: pupil on collagen. (sheppardengineering.com)
Protection1
Vaccination : Administration of inactivated pathogen or antigenic protection of particular pathogen for protecting against a particular pathogen, is called vaccination. (balbhartisolutions.com)
Shown1
Gp120 has been shown to interfere with the normal function of CD4 and is at least partly responsible for the cytopathic effect of HIV . (lookformedical.com)
Expression1
Expression of B cell-stimulatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 p40 , IL-13 and TNFα and HIV proteins p17, gp120 and nef were elevated in the Tg mice with lymphoma. (biomedcentral.com)