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The 1979 constitution was modified by a Constituent Assembly, and a series of elections were then held for local government councillors, state governors, and legislatures. (britannica.com)
Although Babangida voided presidential primary elections held in 1992, and all the candidates were banned from politics, a presidential election was slated for June 1993 between two pro-government candidates: Chief M.K.O. Abiola of the SDP and Alhaji Bashir Tofa of the NRC. (britannica.com)
The Babangida government believed that the elections would never take place and felt that, even if they did, the north-south divide would lead to a stalemate, as Abiola came from the south and Tofa from the north. (britannica.com)
Of these, three emerged that were able to contest elections: the People's Democratic Party (PDP), the Alliance for Democracy , and the All People's Party. (britannica.com)
They entail that a democracy requires a form of representative government, protection of individual rights and freedoms, free and fair elections, checks and balances, and an effective and protected opposition. (ostatic.com)
A state cannot be truly democratic until its citizens have the freedom and opportunity to choose their representatives through free and fair elections. (ostatic.com)
The purpose of an election is to vote in a political party that will ensure popular support and legitimacy, they not only shape the nature of the parties and the political systems, but elections affect the behaviours of politicians. (ostatic.com)
The importance of free and fair elections was accentuated in the 2010 parliamentary elections in the democratic republic of Azerbaijan. (ostatic.com)
of Politics, 1982) On the contrary Leftwich believes though politics is concerned with state and its conventional matters such as elections, governments and revolutions, it is but not a crucial element that defines politics. (ostatic.com)
But Nepal's Maoists have the sympathy of India's communist parties which, after the last elections in May, emerged stronger than ever before and are influential for the fact that they lend critical outside support to the Congress-led, United Progressive Alliance ruling coalition. (antiwar.com)
ParlGov contains data on elections and governments for all EU and most OECD members for the entire post-war period. (lu.se)
The database combines approximately 1400 parties, 680 elections with 5800 election results and 2300 governing parties in 960 cabinets. (lu.se)
Releases at regular intervals will provide up-to-date empirical information including recent elections or changes in government, coding suggestions from country experts as well as extensions to more countries and time periods. (lu.se)
The project is based on quantitative content analyses of parties' election programs from more than 50 countries covering all free, democratic elections since 1945. (lu.se)

Anyway, the forces of democratic movement remained scattered and could not develop an effective opposition, as a result Congress got free hand to rule the country. (countercurrents.org)
Shapiro would later back down in the face of House Democratic opposition, but his support has raised Pennsylvania's profile in the national voucher debate and given advocates optimism that the program will eventually become law. (wlns.com)
Trade union movements were suspended and protesters were killed, yet opposition to the government, particularly outside of the country, did not abate. (britannica.com)
Yet another lobby that has been vocal in supporting the king against the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) are Hindu fundamentalists that belong to various organizations affiliated to the powerful Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) that leads the national opposition in India's Parliament. (antiwar.com)
The chapter describes Sweden as a prime example of what has been called 'contract parliamentarism', where minority governments often had support party arrangements in the form of an explicit written contract with one or more opposition parties, publicly committing the partners to a policy agreement. (lu.se)
The legislative successes are partly because of contract parliamentarism but also because opposition parties can gain substantial policy influence via the rather strong parliamentary committee system. (lu.se)

It did however provide a foundation for the newer political theories and movements that emerged to oppose liberal-democracy, such as Legitimism and Carlism in the early 19th century, or " integral nationalism " in the early 20th century. (wikipedia.org)
A democracy can be defined as a political system in which government is based on a fair and open mandate from all qualified citizens. (ostatic.com)
For a democracy to flourish, certain conditions become an absolute necessity, including a certain level of education, political awakening, freedom and a written Constitution. (ostatic.com)
Representation of the people is one of the most essential conditions for an ideal democracy, without it, the government would not reflect public opinion nor would it be able to educate the citizens on different political issues. (ostatic.com)
Democracy' means the system of a representative government that exists in various advanced industrial countries. (uni-bremen.de)
The main difference between democratic states and nondemocratic mass-participatory systems lies in the free competition between political parties and other organizations characteristic of democracy. (uni-bremen.de)
The Maoist insurgency, and the failure of Nepal's democratic governments to deal with it, provided King Gyanendra the pretext to do away with democracy altogether. (antiwar.com)
The Institute of Democracy conducts research about democratic development and political communication between citizens, media and parties. (lu.se)
Its programmes aim to provide knowledge to democracy builders, policy development and analysis and support democratic reform. (lu.se)
The center sponsors research and education aimed at improving the democratic process in the United States and expanding democracy around the world. (lu.se)

Representative democracies do not expect the people to make important decisions and instead citizens are able to voice their problems and furthermore pressurise the government into making laws for the betterment of society. (ostatic.com)
Most citizens in democratic countries are apathetic and do not participate much in politics. (uni-bremen.de)
In response, the Stormont government tried to address the inequality between Catholic and Protestant citizens. (docuwiki.net)

3. Define political ideology and give reasons why most Americans do not think ideologically. (socialstudieshelp.com)
A political ideology is a coherent and consistent set of beliefs about who ought to rule, what principles rulers ought to obey, and what policies rulers ought to pursue. (socialstudieshelp.com)
Chesdata estimate party positioning on European integration, ideology and policy issues for national parties in a variety of European countries. (lu.se)

After decades of relatively good cooperation of politics with many CSOs, from 2017 to 2019, a right-wing populist government brought about massive changes in the social climate, in civil society's political participation, and in the economic situation of critical organizations critical of the government. (degruyter.com)
Background: The development of a psychometric measure for assessing democratic culture in organizations is described. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusion: This article presented several procedures used to develop a new measure of democratic culture in organizations. (bvsalud.org)
When carrying out its functions, the WHO FCTC Secretariat cooperates with the relevant departments of WHO, other competent international organizations and bodies, as well as non-governmental organizations accredited as observers to the Conference of the Parties (COP), the governing body of the Convention. (who.int)

Attempting to establish an absolutist government along European lines, Charles I of England viewed Parliament as unnecessary, which would ultimately lead to the English Civil War (1642-51) and his execution . (wikipedia.org)
Paisley himself was elected to parliament and created his own political party, the Democratic Unionist Party. (docuwiki.net)
Most governments formed during this period have been single-party Social Democratic cabinets, supported by one or more parties in parliament, but there have also been several cases of minority coalitions. (lu.se)
The chapter also shows that minority governments in Sweden have performed well, with a high share of government bills having passed through parliament, a high survival of cabinets, and a high level of electoral support. (lu.se)

You're not worth being on the same platform as my wife,' Bill Clinton told Jerry Brown in a 1992 Democratic primary debate in Chicago after Brown accused Clinton of funneling Arkansas state money to Hillary Clinton's law firm. (democraticunderground.com)

Hon var en av medlemmarna i det nordiska forskningsprojektet Social Inequalities in Ageing, finansierad av Nordforsk, och är ansvarig för ett nätverk för arbetslivsinriktad omsorgsforskning, finansierat av Forte 2019-2024. (su.se)

AP) - In the partisan politics of education funding, the school choice movement has pressed states for decades to send taxpayer money to private and religious schools and long had to concentrate its efforts on states where a Republican governor was an ally. (wlns.com)
AP) - Democratic Gov. Andy Beshear downplayed party labels while campaigning Monday for a second term in Republican-leaning Kentucky, touting his role in creating jobs, improving roads and leading recovery from a series of disasters as rising above partisan politics. (ap.org)

Shapiro - a first-term Democrat seen by his party as a rising star nationally - gave his backing to a Republican-backed school voucher proposal over the summer. (wlns.com)
Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro - a first-term Democrat seen by his party as a rising star nationally - forcefully put his weight behind a Republican-backed proposal to send $100 million to families for private school tuition and school supplies. (wlns.com)
Previously, Democratic governors around the country who had signed voucher measures had done so in compromise deals driven by Republican-controlled legislatures. (wlns.com)
AP) - Fresh off a victory in Republican-leaning Kentucky that raised his national profile, Gov. Andy Beshear said Wednesday that Democrats can overcome America's deep divisions by trying "to lead with compassion" and improving the lives of the people who elect them. (ap.org)
AP) - Wisconsin Democratic Gov. Tony Evers on Tuesday sued the Republican-controlled Legislature, arguing that it is obstructing basic government functions, including signing off on pay raises for university employees that were previously approved. (ap.org)
Interest group liberalism - which despite its name accurate characterizes both the Democratic and Republican parties - has held sway over American politics since the New Deal. (calwatchdog.com)

Actually and unnoticed by most political scientists, a form of undemocratic liberalism has taken root in the West. (uni-bremen.de)
Political scientist Theodore Lowi called it "interest group liberalism. (calwatchdog.com)

Since 2020, a new government of the conservatives and the Green Party has been in power. (degruyter.com)
Quatro crática, en seis bases de datos, en el período de 2015 a 2020, en la cual especialistas avaliaram os itens derivados quanto à clareza, relevância e cuatro especialistas calificaron los elementos derivados según su claridad, tradução por meio do Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo (CVC). (bvsalud.org)

To some, Shapiro's support should be viewed as a potential presidential candidate in 2028 positioning himself as a moderate who bridges political divides. (wlns.com)
The California primary is just over one week away, and Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders are in a dead heat. (democraticunderground.com)

For example, Australia's representative system of government allows for the beliefs, attitudes and perspectives of the people to be represented but it also exists at a number of levels, providing for an elaborate system of government. (ostatic.com)
1 . List the sources of our political attitudes, and indicate which are the most important. (socialstudieshelp.com)
Assess the significance of race in explaining political attitudes. (socialstudieshelp.com)
4. Identify which elite groups have become liberal, and compare their present attitudes with the past political preferences of these groups. (socialstudieshelp.com)

Based on that, the effects of a right-wing populist government and those of both the following coalition and the pandemic will be analysed. (degruyter.com)
I also said that call it irony of history or tragedy that the three major streams of democratic movement could not evolve mutual political understanding for a broad political coalition. (countercurrents.org)
The school choice movement has long been a coalition of Roman Catholic school advocates, libertarians and private school boosters, as well as Black educational empowerment proponents - giving the cause traction with some big-city Democratic lawmakers. (wlns.com)
The American Democratic leadership in the White House and Congress in 2009-10 and the British Conservative/Liberal-Democrat Coalition government in 2010-12 each pursued a strategy of rapidly assembled multiple adjustments to the prevailing policy framework for health care rather than attempting a "big-bang" strategy of sweeping institutional change. (bvsalud.org)

The first main characteristic of a democratic state is the representative nature of government. (ostatic.com)
Additionally, another core characteristic of a democratic state is the ability to vote freely and fairly. (ostatic.com)

School choice advocates say that makes Shapiro unique among Democratic governors and could mark an evolution in traditional alliances on school choice politics. (wlns.com)

CSOs in Austria have traditionally been deeply involved in political decision-making and welfare state arrangements. (degruyter.com)
It uses the comparison to suggest potential lessons about the relative merits and drawbacks of different institutional arrangements for science advice to governments in an emergency. (bvsalud.org)

It's the idea that modern American government works by bringing all of society's various factions (so-called "interest groups") together under one Capitol dome, where through compromise, log-rolling and strong-arming the "iron triangle" of legislators, administrators and lobbyists write laws that attempt to appeal to all sides and agendas. (calwatchdog.com)

The legislative, executive, and judicial branches, of both the United States federal government and the State of Florida, were involved in the case of Terri Schiavo. (wikipedia.org)
Responding to his question, I said that for me left movement in India is a democratic movement which stands for democratisation of state and society. (countercurrents.org)
By all these I mean to say is that Gandhi ji's vision about independent India was in many ways similar to Dr. Ambedkar's "The State and Minorities" as well as programmes of the Communist and Socialist parties. (countercurrents.org)
With the backing of a major GOP campaign donor and now Shapiro, a private-school product whose near-landslide win in the battleground state has fueled talk of his national political prospects, vouchers are at the forefront of the state's political agenda. (wlns.com)
Martin Van Buren's successful career was cemented early on with the formation of the Albany Regency, a political group he helped found that controlled New York state politics until the Civil War. (nps.gov)
When Van Buren moved from state to national politics, he immediately set out to create new alliances. (nps.gov)
What Set Of Characteristics Define A Democratic State? (ostatic.com)
What set of characteristics define a democratic state and what conditions are required for democratic regimes to flourish? (ostatic.com)
More like What Set Of Characteristics Define A Democratic State? (ostatic.com)
Do you think that federal, state, and local governments are creating and encouraging dishonesty? (hubpages.com)
The problem is 'self-employment' and the definition for which State and Federal government agencies look at it. (hubpages.com)
And our entire government is set up to deliver all of those things, regardless of whether our state can afford them. (calwatchdog.com)
As part of the public release of her emails, the government ultimately deemed that more than 2,000 emails in Mrs. Clinton s inbox contained information that is now considered classified, including emails from aides and other State Department staffers. (democraticunderground.com)

Swedish politics has historically been characterized by a strong emphasis on a near-unidimensional political conflict along the left-right policy dimension, and a negative parliamentary system which most likely account for the high occurrence of minority cabinets. (lu.se)

The provincial Congress governments formed during 1937 to 1939 period were anti-people, corrupt and communal. (countercurrents.org)
A creative approach to providing new funding and effective regulatory standard setting would seize the potential of an area of jurisdiction shared by federal and provincial governments - old age security - to establish a long-term care insurance program administered by the federal government and jointly governed by federal and provincial governments. (bvsalud.org)

Comparative Politics Lunch Seminar: Esther Calvo, Lund University - Emotional Swings? (lu.se)

This chapter focuses on governments in Sweden, a country which has a relatively high share of minority governments, over 70 percent, in the post-war period. (lu.se)

For a representative system of government such as Australia to flourish, the levels of government should be intact but independent of each other. (ostatic.com)

With the Troubles raging, the UK and Irish governments were keen to find a solution. (docuwiki.net)

On Feb. 1, he dismissed a party-based government and began ruling directly, imposing emergency rule and severely constricting political, civil, and press freedoms. (antiwar.com)
The king partially relented and on April 29 rescinded emergency rule, though political and press freedoms continue to be restricted. (antiwar.com)

A win for voucher advocates would mark an evolution in traditional alliances on school choice politics and could set Shapiro apart from other Democratic contenders emerging on the national scene. (wlns.com)
This turned out to be a serious miscalculation that forced him out of power in August 1993, and an Interim National Government (ING) was instituted, led by Yoruba businessman Ernest Shonekan. (britannica.com)
It so happened that the dominant party in the territory made the capital removal a party question, and it was perhaps unfortunate that the majority or quorum of the Supreme Court, appointees of a whig national administration viewed the law which they were called upon to administer as inoperative to effect that removal. (accessgenealogy.com)
Political Data Yearbook captures election results, national referenda, changes in government, and institutional reforms for a range of countries, within and beyond the EU. (lu.se)
The European Journal of Political Research (EJPR) Political Data Yearbook documents election results, national referenda, changes in government, and institutional reforms. (lu.se)
In addition, it recognized experts on the politics of each country provide commentary on these events, as well as on the principal issues in national politics during the year. (lu.se)
Any views expressed would therefore be those of the Board, not of their national governments. (who.int)

They have engaged in dialogue with the government and have often been involved in legislative processes. (degruyter.com)
NEW DELHI - While India denies that its security agencies helped arrange meetings between a top Nepali Maoist leader and its political establishment, analysts welcome dialogue with the rebels as a key to ending a seemingly intractable crisis in the neighboring Himalayan kingdom. (antiwar.com)

Demonstrations had been increasing in recent days, with radical soldiers, veterans, and left-wing civilians protesting Azevedo's new government and Spain's execution of terrorists. (cia.gov)

freely formed parties were not registered, and many politicians were banned from politics. (britannica.com)
In finding the answer to the question of why so many people currently support populist ideas and populist politicians, a first avenue to take is so obvious that it is often ignored: one should not a priori dismiss the charges anti-political establishment actors formulate. (uni-bremen.de)

In these circumstances, Congress Party which was supposed to carry forward India could not play the desired role. (countercurrents.org)
Apart from the compulsions of domestic politics, India has strong grounds to fear the spreading of the violent Maoist insurgency which has gripped its northern neighbor since 1996 and claimed more than 11,000 lives across the porous borders and into its own poverty-ridden states, where left-wing extremists are active. (antiwar.com)
Last week, when India's leading newspapers reported a secret meeting between top Maoist leader Baburam Bhattarai and Prakash Karat, general secretary of the Marxist Communist Party of India (CPI-M), it drew every shade of reaction from open approval to outright condemnation. (antiwar.com)

The research question is how early stage authoritarian governments influence the space for civil society in well-developed democracies and how this process develops when conditions for society change. (degruyter.com)
Babangida outwardly supported a return to civilian government but worked to undermine the process in order to retain power. (britannica.com)
But apparently left out of the Assembly hearing discussion was the idea that the situation facing California - and many other states - isn't a "problem" at all like shoddy earthquake retrofits or missing regulatory data that can be "solved" through bipartisan legislation and teamwork but is actually a natural outgrowth of the very bipartisanship that buttresses our democratic process. (calwatchdog.com)
In addition to being the only Arab actor having inflicted military defeats on Israel in 2000 and 2006, Hezbollah had also become part and parcel of the Lebanese political structure through a process of integration starting in the 1990s. (lu.se)

Azevedo's move on the media is the toughest action his new government has taken to implement the promise to restore "democratic pluralism" to the media and discipline to the military. (cia.gov)
CC leverages the strength of the local social, economic, and political infrastructures, therefore, to implement this social technology, it is important to develop the capabilities of the target communities. (lu.se)

If Azevedo is forced to back down on the media issue, it would be a serious blow to the credibility and long-term prospects of his government. (cia.gov)

With its more recent developments, Austria offers a good illustration of the interplay between civil society and politics because the country has experienced disruptive changes in the political landscape. (degruyter.com)
If the political future of Nigeria appeared bright with the victory of Chief Abiola in June 1993, Abacha's seizure of power and subsequent rule reversed most of the gains that the country had made since 1960. (britannica.com)

Summarize the liberal positions on the economy, civil rights, and political conduct. (socialstudieshelp.com)
These arguments are backed by this country's foundational liberal political approach to government, its belief that self-determination far exceeds anything other- or government-determined, and its extreme favor of autonomy. (cdc.gov)

Change due to shift in party policy positions (abortion, equal pay/equal work, etc. (socialstudieshelp.com)
But the 90s witnessed a shift in the political landscape, heralded by both the IRA and Loyalist paramilitary ceasefires. (docuwiki.net)

Coming together on a common political platform of CPI formed in 1920, CSP (Congress Socialist Party) led by Acharya Narendra Dev, also based on Marxist philosophy and Independent Labour Party like streams formed by Dr Ambedkar was very much needed. (countercurrents.org)

This is a heartbreaking situation," the Democratic governor wrote on social media, calling for prayers for the. (ap.org)
His judicial life was commenced in Oregon, when party spirit ran high, when politics to great extent became matters of personal difference, when differences as to political questions were made the occasions to mar and destroy social relations, to alienate and estrange personal friends and neighbors. (accessgenealogy.com)

It compares and contrasts established and purpose-built bodies with varying degrees of independence from the political executive, and shows how each attempted to manage the tensions between scientific and governmental logics of accountability as they negotiated the boundary between science and policy. (bvsalud.org)

The absolutist system of government saw its high point during the late 16th and the 17th century, associated with a more autocratic form of rule under figures such as Louis XIV of France and Philip II of Spain . (wikipedia.org)
Analyze why these changes are causing strain in the political party system. (socialstudieshelp.com)

That is why there is less emphasis on developing organisation, policy, politics and slogans suited to that political juncture. (countercurrents.org)
Instead of giving much emphasis to socialism the time was to discuss alternative democratic model of capitalism based on peasant path of development. (countercurrents.org)

He released political detainees and promised that public opinion would influence his decisions and those of the Armed Forces Ruling Council, the supreme governing body. (britannica.com)
The purpose of this chapter is to explore what we mean by public opinion and to ask what sorts of effects public opinion has on our supposedly democratic form of government. (socialstudieshelp.com)

It is clear, however, that political activists are much more likely than the average citizen to think in ideological terms and to take "consistent" positions on issues. (socialstudieshelp.com)
Scaling Political Positions from Texts. (lu.se)

In this form of government, procedural niceties are carefully followed (most of the time) and individual rights are respected (much of the time). (uni-bremen.de)

The second of two workers trapped under a coal mine preparation plant that collapsed earlier this week in eastern Kentucky has died, Gov. Andy Beshear announced Friday. (ap.org)

Communist movement though accepted democratic revolution as a necessary stage before socialism but for the life of this interim period, there was no clarity about this as it was thought a short lived phase of development. (countercurrents.org)
30 January ( Politics and Development Studies co-sponsored. (lu.se)

Published in European Journal of Political Research. (lu.se)

Chapter 1: From Pulpit to Politics Explores the charismatic appeal of Ian Paisley, described by men and women who followed every turn of his often controversial career. (docuwiki.net)
Chapter 3: Across the Rubicon The final episode begins with Dr Paisley on the political fringes. (docuwiki.net)

This strange result arose from local issues, from the intensity of personal feeling growing out of the location or rather the removal of the seat of government. (accessgenealogy.com)

Durable peace and stability in Nepal can only be achieved through a political settlement, which, among other things, requires the Maoists to forswear armed struggle and lay down their arms,' added Sarna. (antiwar.com)

Muni said that the episode had to be seen in the context of a move by Kathmandu to discredit Bhattarai, who advocates better coordination between the Maoists and mainstream Nepalese political parties in order to isolate the king. (antiwar.com)

His part in founding the Democratic Party and accepting New York's governorship to assist Andrew Jackson in winning the presidency made him a favorite amongst some southern political circles. (nps.gov)

Since I am also responsible for our Treasury I know the old say that politics has only a short time influence on the stock markets. (uni-bremen.de)
Furthermore, since the 2003 US invasion and subsequent occupation and destruction of Iraq, Middle East politics has been marked by a new cold war1 over regional influence between two competing axes led by Saudi Arabia on one side and Iran on the other. (lu.se)

Disciplines and Occupations1

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19921

20191

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