We reported the molecular characterization of the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) GhFAD2 gene family and the essential role of GhFAD2-3 in cotton anther development. (researchsquare.com)
In Orthologous MAtrix, we infer homoeologs in three polyploid plant species: upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ), rapeseed ( Brassica napus ), and bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum ). (genomyx.ch)
Genome-wide analysis of the MADS-box gene family in polyploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and in its diploid parental species (Gossypium arboreum, and Gossypium raimondii) J . Plant Physiology & Biochemistry, 2018, 127: 169-184. (paperonce.org)
However, in other allopolyploids such as Arabidopsis suecica , Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) or Pima cotton ( G. barbadense ) 3 , the genomes coexist relatively stable, although changes can occur at levels of gene expression and epigenetic modifications. (nature.com)
Gossypium hirsutum L., or upland cotton, is an important renewable resource for textile fiber. (biomedcentral.com)
The earliest appearance of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is documented to originate in the Yucatan peninsula ( G. hirsutum var. (biomedcentral.com)
Genome11
The basis for paradoxical consequences between rapid genome reshuffling in some polyploids and genome stability in other polyploids remains unknown. (nature.com)
Most of the size difference between the diploid species occurred prior to polyploid divergence and was largely attributable to TE amplification in the A/AT genome. (edu.sa)
After separating from the true parents of the polyploid genomes, both diploid genomes experienced slower sequence gain than in the ancestor, due to fewer TE insertions in the A genome and a combination of increased deletions and decreased TE insertions in the D genome. (edu.sa)
Both genomes of the polyploid displayed increased rates of deletion and decreased rates of insertion, leading to a rate of near stasis in DT and overall contraction in AT resulting in polyploid genome contraction. (edu.sa)
Illegitimate recombination, although not demonstrated to be a dominant mechanism of genome size change, was biased in the polyploid toward deletions, which may provide a partial explanation of polyploid genomic downsizing. (edu.sa)
However, information about the bZIPs in these Amaranthaceae species is limited, and genome-wide analysis of the bZIP family is lacking in quinoa. (biomedcentral.com)
The more similar the chromosomes (the genome and epigenome as well as chromosome number) the more likely hybrids will form and reproduce but also the more likely the net result will only be the introgression of genetic material from one species to the other. (carnivorousplants.org)
Whole genome comparative platforms within a genus are still in their infancy, with the most notable exception being the generation of whole genome shotgun assemblies of 12 Drosophila species that span an evolutionary time frame of approximately 60 million years [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent comparative genomic studies claim local syntenic gene-interleaving relationships in Ashbya gossypii and Kluyveromyces waltii are compelling evidence for an ancient whole-genome duplication event in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . (biomedcentral.com)
The existence of syntenic patterns between ancestral gene sets and A. gossypii , S. cerevisiae , and K. waltii , and other evidence, suggests that gene-interleaving relationships are the natural consequence of topological rearrangements in chromosomes and that a more gradual scenario of genome evolution involving segmental duplication and recombination constitutes a more parsimonious explanation. (biomedcentral.com)
In spite of the abundance of research on the roles of TE on the genome biology in humans, model organisms (e.g., mice and Drosophila ), and plants (especially crop species), few studies on TE have been conducted in livestock and poultry. (biomedcentral.com)
Genomes5
In polyploid genomes, homoeologs are a specific subtype of homologs, and can be thought of as orthologs between subgenomes. (genomyx.ch)
In general, there has been a propensity toward growth of the diploid genomes and contraction in the polyploid. (edu.sa)
Small indel data for the diploids suggest the possibility of a bias as the smaller genomes add less or delete more sequence through small indels than do the larger genomes, whereas data for the polyploid suggest increased sequence turnover in general (both as small deletions and small insertions). (edu.sa)
Unfortunately, since we don't quite know how to construct viable genomes of extinct species, much less grow the creatures themselves, we don't know whether the depiction of the science is right. (genomevisualization.com)
While the size of the introns, number of introns per gene and the number of intron-containing genes can vary greatly between sequenced eukaryotic genomes, the structure of a gene with reference to intron presence and positions is typically conserved in closely related species. (biomedcentral.com)
Diploid1
Polyploidization can be a mechanism of sympatric speciation because polyploids are usually unable to interbreed with their diploid ancestors. (wikipedia.org)
Sterile2
Sequencing confirmed that this species originated from E. × robertsii, a sterile triploid hybrid between E. guttata and E. lutea, both of which have been introduced and naturalised in the United Kingdom. (wikipedia.org)
Factors Affecting Plant Tissue Culture: Growth Media Minerals, Growth factors, Carbon source, Hormones Environmental Factors Light, Temperature, Photoperiod, Sterile condition and Relative Humidity Explant Source Usually, the younger, less differentiated the explant, the better for tissue culture Genetics Different species show differences in amenability to tissue culture. (pdfcoffee.com)
Genomic1
The conserved genomic synteny between allotetraploids and related species may suggest a role for epigenetic modifications in nonadditive gene expression as observed in resynthesized and natural allopolyploids. (nature.com)
Divergence1
The Dc-β event was likely common to all Apiales plants, occurring around the divergence of Apiales-Bruniales and after the divergence of Apiales-Asterales, likely playing an important role in the derivation and divergence of Apiales species. (biomedcentral.com)
Traits1
Genetic engineering provides one such possibility (bringing genes from unrelated species) whereby the focus is on improving various traits that lead to high yields, tolerance to salinity, drought, pests, weeds, and sustainable agricultural traits such as higher water use efficiency (WUE). (biomedcentral.com)
Polyploidization2
The evolutionary trajectory of the WAK family during polyploidization was uncovered using Gossypium species. (bvsalud.org)
The alignment of orthologous and paralogous genes related to different events of polyploidization and speciation constitutes a comparative genomics platform for studying Apiales, Asterales, and many other related species. (biomedcentral.com)
Arabidopsis2
FAD2 was first identified in the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana [2]. (researchsquare.com)
Cis-acting elements and expression patterns analyses of WAK genes in Arabidopsis and rice demonstrated the functional diversity of WAK genes in these two species. (bvsalud.org)
Parental species1
For smooth introgression to occur the parent species need to be closely related enough that the hybrids are fully fertile among themselves and with at least one of the parental species. (carnivorousplants.org)
Chromosome6
Polyploid types are labeled according to the number of chromosome sets in the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
44x, for example black mulberry Autopolyploids are polyploids with multiple chromosome sets derived from a single taxon. (wikipedia.org)
In plants, hybridization between species can instantaneously generate allopolyploid species through fusing unreduced gametes or forming interspecific hybrids followed by chromosome doubling. (nature.com)
Chromosome number could be but is not considered a defining attribute of a taxonomic species. (carnivorousplants.org)
Chromosome number is not an effective feature in the definition of biological species either although differences in chromosome number can produce different biological species. (carnivorousplants.org)
In spite of our lack of attention to chromosomes and chromosome numbers in formally defining species, it is the chromosomes and the genetic material they contain that define true species and control the evolution of new species. (carnivorousplants.org)
Genes3
In total, 1061 WAK genes were identified in 37 species from unicellular algae to multicellular plants, and the results showed that WAK genes probably originated before bryophyte differentiation and were widely distributed in land plants, especially angiosperms. (bvsalud.org)
This technique seems to fail when gene(s) responsible for trait improvement is only present in unrelated species and it is not possible to bring such genes through crossings. (biomedcentral.com)
Protoplast fusion and embryo culture techniques are used to integrate desirable genes from wild species to the cultivated species 15. (pdfcoffee.com)
Synteny1
We focus on (1) pairwise comparison of gene arrangement sequences in A. gossypii and S. cerevisiae , (2) reconstruction of gene arrangements ancestral to A. gossypii , S. cerevisiae , and K. waltii , (3) synteny patterns arising within and between lineages, and (4) expected gene orientation of duplicate gene sets. (biomedcentral.com)
Crop1
quinoa) is a pseudocereal crop of the Amaranthaceae family and represents a promising species with the nutritional content and high tolerance to stressful environments, such as soils affected by high salinity. (biomedcentral.com)
Comparative2
Comparative genomics is a powerful tool for unraveling the evolutionary history and gene functionality of related species. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, comparative genomics of wild and domesticated Oryza species may not only provide useful materials for breeding, but will also shed light on the evolution and domestication of cultivated rice. (biomedcentral.com)
Plants2
It is common among ferns and flowering plants (see Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), including both wild and cultivated species. (wikipedia.org)
Maintenance and multiplication of heterozygous plants( cross pollinated plant species ) is easy in tissue culture 10. (pdfcoffee.com)
Orthologous1
Moreover, we identified the bZIP members in 3 other Amaranthaceae species, and 41, 32, and 16 orthologous gene pairs were identified between quinoa and S. oleracea , B. vulgaris , and A. hypochondriacus , respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Plant1
The phylogeny indicated that the land plant WAKs gave rise to five clades and underwent lineage-specific expansion after species differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
Losses1
All introns in ABCB1 underwent either a one-time loss (single loss in one lineage/species) or multiple independent losses (parallel loss in two or more lineages/species) with the majority of losses occurring within the grass family. (biomedcentral.com)
Single1
Intron 7, the longest intron, was lost in only a single species, Mimulus guttatus , following duplication of ABCB1 . (biomedcentral.com)
Found1
Among mammals, a high frequency of polyploid cells is found in organs such as the brain, liver, heart, and bone marrow. (wikipedia.org)
Order1
Daucus c. carota belongs to the Apiaceae family within the order Apiales, within the Campanulids clade, which also includes the order Asterales (with key species such as Lactuca sativa L. or Helianthus annuus L.) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Independent1
This process is totally independent of taxonomic characters used to define species. (carnivorousplants.org)