• GM130 antibody detects GM130 protein at Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum by immunofluorescent analysis. (genetex.com)
  • Monomers undergo dimerization in the endoplasmic reticulum by N -glycosylation of their C-terminal ends and then move to the Golgi apparatus where multimers are assembled by cross-linking of cysteine residues at their N-terminal ends to form vWF multimers of increasing molecular weight. (medscape.com)
  • methylation at certain residues of histones can regulate gene expression [ 4 ], and glycosylation is responsible for targeting substrates and changing protein half-life [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • N -linked glycosylation occurs when glycans are attached to asparagine residues on the protein. (neb.com)
  • N-linked glycosylation occurs through the asparagine residues of the protein, while O-linked glycosylation occurs through serine or threonine. (neb.com)
  • Our results suggest that glycosylation of both E and NS1 proteins plays an important role in virus pathogenicity, and m5MR virus could be developed as a live attenuated viral vaccine for ZIKV. (unl.edu)
  • N- glycosylation of proteins plays an important role in plant growth and development. (chinbullbotany.com)
  • posttranslational modifications, amino acid variations, computational mutation analysis, protein PTM predictor, network biology Introduction Protein PTMs are biochemical alterations of amino acids that change the physicochemical properties of target proteins, leading to structural changes and therefore regulating protein-protein interactions and cellular signal transduction in developmental and cancer pathways [1]. (deepdyve.com)
  • Structural requirements of N-glycosylation of proteins. (expasy.org)
  • Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates composed of long chains of monosaccharide units, with important functions in the body including energy storage, structural support, and immune response. (lookformedical.com)
  • For structural analysis of asparagine-linked carbohydrates, sugars are released from the protein backbone by enzymes such as PNGase F ( NEB #P0704 ). (neb.com)
  • Genetic epistasis and biochemical analyses revealed that Senju regulates the Toll signaling pathway at a step that converts Toll ligand Spatzle to its active form. (sdbonline.org)
  • Like amino acids and nucleic acids, sugars are the major contributors in nature many natural products contain oligosaccharides that are important for their biological and biochemical activity and carbohydrates have major roles in a wider range of biological processes including signal transduction mechanisms and immune responses. (biochemistryconferences.com)
  • We believe that the first step to elucidate glycan function is to systematically determine the status of protein glycosylation under physiological conditions. (nih.gov)
  • Expression of T17M was more toxic than T4K to transgenic photoreceptors, further suggesting that glycosylation at N15 plays a more important physiological role than glycosylation at N2. (jneurosci.org)
  • N-linked glycosylation affects asparagine (N), and O-linked glycosylation occurs on the hydroxyl group of either serine (S) or threonine (T) [3]. (deepdyve.com)
  • It must be noted that the presence of the consensus tripeptide is not sufficient to conclude that an asparagine residue is glycosylated, due to the fact that the folding of the protein plays an important role in the regulation of N-glycosylation [ 2 ]. (expasy.org)
  • PNGase F digestion deaminates the asparagine residue to aspartic acid, leaving the oligosaccharide intact for further analysis. (neb.com)
  • Glycosylation is an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in which carbohydrate chains (glycans) are added to proteins, yielding molecules known as glycoproteins. (einsteinmed.edu)
  • Polysaccharides from glycoproteins play an important part in numerous biological processes and pathologies. (hal.science)
  • Removal of oligosaccharides from glycoproteins, termed deglycosylation, is often used in order to simplify analysis of the peptide and/ or glycan portion of a glycoprotein. (neb.com)
  • Fucose-containing glycans play important roles in immunity and signalling. (reactome.org)
  • Knowledge of the three-dimensional structures of the carbo-hydrate molecules is indispensable for a full understanding of the molecular processes in which carbohydrates are involved, such as protein glycosylation or protein-carbohydrate interactions. (iucr.org)
  • Carbohydrates differ from proteins in two important features. (iucr.org)
  • Glycosylation is the attachment of carbohydrates to the backbone of a protein through an enzymatic reaction. (phys.org)
  • It has been known for a long time [ 1 ] that potential N-glycosylation sites are specific to the consensus sequence Asn-Xaa-Ser/Thr. (expasy.org)
  • Analyses of full-length genomes of over 300 ZIKV isolates revealed that one sequence motif, VNDT, containing an N-linked glycosylation site in the envelope (E) protein, is polymorphic, being absent in many of the African isolates while present in all isolates from the recent outbreaks. (unl.edu)
  • Here, I interrogated the role of this sequence motif and glycosylation of the E protein in pathogenicity of ZIKV. (unl.edu)
  • Zagreb, Croatia, Ipswich, MA and Milford, MA ( June 17, 2019 ) - The Human Glycome Project, Genos ® , New England Biolabs ® (NEB ® ) and Waters ™ Corporation today announced a collaboration to accelerate glycomics research by providing goods and services critical to glycan analysis. (neb.com)
  • Here we examined the role of rhodopsin glycosylation in biosynthesis, trafficking, and retinal degeneration (RD) using transgenic Xenopus laevis expressing glycosylation-defective human rhodopsin mutants. (jneurosci.org)
  • Here, we performed a discriminant microarray analysis using Xenopus laevis genome arrays to compare tail tissues of control and predator-exposed tadpoles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To do this, tools are required for highly sensitive analysis of glycan chains. (neb.com)
  • Proteomic analysis and prediction of amino acid variations that influence protein. (deepdyve.com)
  • To increase the utilization of current computational resources, we 﫿rst provide an overview of computational prediction of amino acid variations that influence protein PTMs and their functional analysis. (deepdyve.com)
  • The plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimer analysis provides a qualitative visual assessment of the size spectrum and the banding pattern of VWF multimers present in plasma compared with a normal control. (medscape.com)
  • Protein glycosylation fulfils a variety of roles. (iucr.org)
  • Mucins are highly glycosylated proteins that serve a variety of roles in organisms from lubrication to cell-signaling to defense 7 . (nature.com)
  • vWF multimer analysis using low- and medium-resolution gels clearly distinguishes abnormal banding patterns that result from atypical vWF structures and allows their classification as vWD type IIA, IIB, IIM, or IIN and their different subtypes ( eg, IIA, IIB, IIC, IIC, IIE, and IID). (medscape.com)
  • We at Waters believe that improved understanding of glycomics through advanced analytical characterization is critically important for biomedical research and to the patients that will potentially benefit from this research. (neb.com)
  • Different approaches were developed: N-glycan analysis by MALDI-TOF and LC-ESI-FTMS proteomics.Glycomics is the analysis of glycans independently of their linked-protein and can be using to obtain a glycosylation fingerprint of a protein, fluid etc. (hal.science)
  • N-linked glycosylation is the most prevalent posttranslational modification of plasma membrane and secretory proteins and participates in many important biological roles such as protein folding, intracellular targeting, immune response, cell adhesion, and protease resistance. (jneurosci.org)
  • The Golgi apparatus, which participates in glycosylation and transport of proteins and lipids in the secretory pathway, consists of a series of stacked cisternae (flattened membrane sacs). (genetex.com)
  • In addition, Bayesian analyses were performed by Arturo Campomanes-Cortes, Robert B. Tesh,* using MRBAYES v3.0 (5) and 100,000 generations. (cdc.gov)
  • Bayesian network analysis was used to derive the first hierarchical model of initial inactivity mediated deconditioning steps over time. (frontiersin.org)
  • Both studies suggest that defects in rhodopsin glycosylation are associated with impairment of protein folding or stability. (jneurosci.org)
  • A genetically heterogeneous group of heritable disorders resulting from defects in protein N-glycosylation. (lookformedical.com)
  • Tunicamycin has also been used to study the functional effects of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) glycosylation in COS-7 cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Functional analyses indicated that some of the genes induced by dragonfly larvae caused an increase in laminins necessary for cell adhesion in the extracellular matrix. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In multivariate cox analyses, ST3GAL-1 was defined as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival ( p = 0.006) and disease free survival ( p = 0.001). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The data from NIR measurements require multivariate analysis to extract the desired chemical information (8). (biopharminternational.com)
  • Together, the human disease and animal models suggest that glycosylation plays a crucial role in the structure and/or function of rhodopsin. (jneurosci.org)
  • Given the crucial role of cholesterol in regulating different neuronal processes, eukaryotes have developed sophisticated homeostatic mechanisms to preserve cholesterol levels in an optimal range in each brain region ( Segatto et al, 2013 ). (nature.com)
  • Several mutations in the N terminus of the G-protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin disrupt NXS/T consensus sequences for N-linked glycosylation (located at N2 and N15) and cause sector retinitis pigmentosa in which the inferior retina preferentially degenerates. (jneurosci.org)
  • Mutations affecting glycosylation of the heptahelical G-protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin are associated with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), a disease characterized by progressive degeneration of photoreceptors. (jneurosci.org)
  • Phylogenetic analysis classified 49 as class A (Rhodopsin-like receptor), 35 as class B (Secretin receptor), and 9 as class C (metabotropic glutamate). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Orthologs of receptors that were found to be involved in molt regulation in insects were also identified, including LGR3 and Corazonin receptor, the latter of which was expressed at much higher level than all other receptors, suggesting a key role in YO regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protein glycosylation is a common post-translational modification that plays important roles in terms of protein function. (nih.gov)
  • However, analyzing the relationship between glycosylation and protein function remains technically challenging. (nih.gov)
  • Developments of innovative sample and matrix preparation conditions, including glycan chemical modification, improved their mass spectrometry detection and fragmentation.Glycopeptide and glycoprotein analysis permits selective assessment of the glycan population across the protein hence allowing the characterization of molecular microheterogeneity of the different glycoforms. (hal.science)
  • Combining analytical methodologies granted access to the characterization of population-specific glycosylation motifs. (hal.science)
  • Tunicamycin has been used to study the effect of N-linked glycosylation of human proton-coupled folate transporter (HsPCFT) in HeLa cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Tunicamycin plays an important role in the antitumor activity of trastuzumab on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo . (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The oligosaccharide chains of glycoprotein and glycolipid are often terminated by sialic acids, which play intensely important role in regulating physiologically and pathologically interactions with ligands [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Glycosylation defines the adhesive properties of glycoconjugates and it is largely through glycan-protein interactions that cell- cell and cell-pathogen contacts occur, a fact that highlights the importance of glycobiology. (neb.com)
  • Interactions between the Golgi and microtubules are thought to be important for the reorganization of the Golgi after it fragments during mitosis. (genetex.com)
  • CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) expressed on lymphocytes is known to play an important role in lymphocyte trafficking (adhesion to vascular endothelium), as well as interactions to antigen presenting cells (APC). (medscape.com)
  • However, a clear role for rhodopsin glycosylation has not been established in vivo . (jneurosci.org)
  • The aim of the present work was to shed light on the role played by the isoprenoid/cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in the modulation of emotional reactivity and memory consolidation in rodents through the inhibition of the key and rate-limiting enzyme 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) both in vivo and in vitro with simvastatin. (nature.com)
  • Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play key roles in a variety of protein activities and cellular processes. (hindawi.com)
  • however, the role and the regulation of UT-A3 are less explored. (emory.edu)
  • In this study, we investigated UT-A3 regulation by glycosylation modification. (emory.edu)
  • Collectively, our study reveals a novel mechanism of UT-A3 regulation by ST6GalI-mediated sialylation modification that may play an important role in kidney urea reabsorption and the urinary concentrating mechanism. (emory.edu)
  • Two putative Corazonin receptors showed much higher expression in the YOs compared with all other GPCRs, suggesting an important role in molt regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, we analyzed a series of glycoproteomes in several mouse tissues to identify glycosylated proteins and their glycosylation sites. (nih.gov)
  • In a recent analysis of patient samples, Dr. Agrawal found evidence that specific glycosylation patterns are present at certain metastatic sites. (einsteinmed.edu)
  • this has been confirmed by a statistical analysis of glycosylation sites [ 4 ], which also shows that about 50% of the sites that have a proline C-terminal to Ser/Thr are not glycosylated. (expasy.org)
  • Since the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is also glycosylated and known to play a role in transmission and pathogenicity, I mutated the glycosylation sites in NS1 (N130 and N207) individually or in combination in the background of m2MR virus. (unl.edu)
  • Although data of both gene mutations and PTMs are increasing fast, the proteome-wide analysis on the relationship between damaged PTMs and human diseases is not well studied. (hindawi.com)
  • Although mutations T4K and T4N caused RD, N2S and T4V did not, demonstrating that glycosylation at N2 was not required for photoreceptor viability. (jneurosci.org)
  • In contrast, similar mutations eliminating glycosylation at N15 (N15S and T17M) caused rod death. (jneurosci.org)
  • Recently, gene analyses demonstrate that SLC14A1 (UT-B) gene mutations are associated with bladder cancer, suggesting that urea transporter UT-B may play an important role in bladder carcinogenesis. (emory.edu)
  • This article gives an overview of the information that can be obtained from individual PDB entries and from statistical analyses of sets of three-dimensional structures, of typical problems that arise during the analysis of carbohydrate three-dimensional structures and of the validation tools that are currently available to scientists to evaluate the quality of these structures. (iucr.org)
  • From an antigrowth signal point of view, RB1 sequesters the E2F transcription aspects transcriptionally repressing genes very important for G1 to S phase cell cycle progression and RB1 was decreased suggesting improved cell cycle progression in CD30hi lymphocytes supporting our previous work. (dubinhibitors.com)
  • Glycosylation is classified by the way the carbohydrate chain is linked to the protein. (iucr.org)
  • With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, gene mutation detection has become another important resource to investigate regulatory mechanisms and cellular processes. (hindawi.com)
  • Computational mutation analysis can greatly narrow down the efforts on experimental work. (deepdyve.com)
  • The development of better methods for mutation analysis-related protein PTMs will help to facilitate the development of personalized precision medicine. (deepdyve.com)
  • In contrast, recombinant viruses with deletion of VNDT motif (m1MR) or mutation of N-linked glycosylation site (m2MR), were highly attenuated and non-lethal. (unl.edu)
  • Praveen Agrawal, Ph.D. , has received a three-year, $583,200 grant from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) tostudy the role that glycosylation plays in enabling melanoma cells to home in on and thrive in distant organs while resisting attack from the immune system and anti-cancer therapies. (einsteinmed.edu)
  • This study shows that innate immune quiescence and strength of the immune response are controlled by host glycosylation involving a novel UDP-galactose transporter called Senju (CG14040) . (sdbonline.org)
  • Analysis of this network shows that it recapitulates known features of the human immune system and can be used uncover novel multi-step immune pathways, examine species-specific differences in immune processes, and predict the response of immune cells to stimuli. (stanford.edu)
  • Glycosylation plays an important role in how the human body functions, including cell recognition, signaling, and immune response. (ncqbcs.com)
  • While the defined roles of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway in regulating cell death have been well-established, additional factors that modulate JNK-mediated cell death have yet to be fully elucidated. (sdbonline.org)
  • Epistasis analysis suggests that the Toll pathway acts as a downstream modulator for JNK-dependent cell death. (sdbonline.org)
  • Using mass spectrometry and pathway analysis, they found that NEVKP increased expression of proteins linked to mitochondrial metabolism while it decreased markers of kidney injury. (asbmb.org)
  • However, this metabolic pathway is ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells, and recent studies sustain a pivotal role for MVA end-products in the brain. (nature.com)
  • Nile virus (WNV) has spread rapidly across the conti- results in the loss of the E-154-156 "NYS" glycosylation nent, and evidence for virus circulation has also been motif. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim is to develop a broad understanding of the biological roles of sugar recognition. (glyco26.org)
  • and monoclonal antibody 7H2 (6) showed differences in the Comision Mexico-Estados Unidos para la Prevencion de la electrophoretic mobility of the proteins consistent with the Fiebre Aftosa y Otras Enfermedades Exoticas de los Animales, Mexico City, Mexico presence or absence of glycosylation (Figure 1). (cdc.gov)
  • Cell surfaces are decorated with glycans, and these glycosylation patterns play crucially important roles in cell signaling and other functions. (einsteinmed.edu)
  • He hypothesizes that metastatic melanoma cells rely on particular changes in their cell-surface glycosylation to survive. (einsteinmed.edu)
  • All mutant viruses grew to titers similar to the rMR virus in cell culture except the m5MR virus (triple glycosylation defective), which grew to lower titers. (unl.edu)
  • Loss of the glycosylation reduced forskolin-stimulated UT-A3 cell membrane expression and urea transport activity. (emory.edu)
  • Appreciating the similarities and differences between cell types is particularly important to the fields of cell and molecular biology as well as to biomedical fields such as cancer research and developmental biology. (phys.org)
  • Figure 1: Comparison of analyzers with respect to their ease of implementation in microbial fermentations and mammalian cell culture unit operations for various quality attributes: (a) misincorporation, (b) nutrients, (c) glycosylation, and (d) cell growth. (biopharminternational.com)
  • These results suggest that increased O-glycosylation of zeatin leads to complex changes in plant development and cytokinin composition. (usda.gov)
  • Further studies suggest that rhodopsin requires glycosylation for incorporation into ROS membranes. (jneurosci.org)
  • These results suggest that the SAM domain might have a primary role in RNA binding. (embl.de)
  • Sialyltransferase ST3GAL-1, which adds a sialic acid in an α-2,3 linkage to Gal β1,3 GalNAc, preforms an important role in modulating cellular behaviors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between the viruses studied. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chris Taron, Scientific Director of Protein Modification Research at NEB added "Decades of glycobiology research point to glycans playing important roles in both normal health and in disease. (neb.com)
  • Two urea transporters, UT-A1 and UT-A3, are expressed in the kidney terminal inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) and are important for the production of concentrated urine. (emory.edu)
  • The selection of the studies, which will be supported through December 2021, will be determined by the Steering Committee of the Human Glycome Project, and the results of all sample analyses will be made available to the scientific community through Human Glycome Project depositories that are being developed separately in collaboration with the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. (neb.com)
  • 112), the predefined search of bookmark read on Implementing to what En it mitigates About, from a SUBJECT download of transparency, to write Results to readers as that they can understand their cross-generational books. (traductorinterpretejurado.com)
  • At the same time, I am very proud that Genos has been recognized as a site where these challenging analyses can be performed. (neb.com)
  • N-glycosylation site (PATTERN with a high probability of occurrence! (expasy.org)
  • Analyses of site-specific glycans revealed that SP swapping altered Env glycan content and occupancy on multiple N-linked glycosites, including conserved N156 and N160 glycans in the V1V2 region at the Env trimer apex and N88 at the trimer base. (mssm.edu)
  • A site-directed mutagenesis verified a single glycosylation site in UT-A3 at Asn279. (emory.edu)
  • Diane M. Diehl, Ph.D., Senior Director, Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Research, Waters Corporation, "Changes in the glycosylation of proteins is a fundamental characteristic of many diseases, such as cancer. (neb.com)
  • Western blot analysis showed a weak UT-B band of 40 kDa in some tumors, consistent with UT-B1 gene expression detected by RT-PCR. (emory.edu)
  • Although the lipid fraction of mental gland secretions is rich in chemical compounds, most occur in both sexes suggesting that they are metabolic byproducts with no role in chemical signaling. (researchgate.net)
  • A critical evaluation of suitability of each analytical method as a PAT tool in terms of sampling (in-line, at-line, or on-line), sample preparation, duration of analysis, and its industrial application is performed. (biopharminternational.com)
  • Although the term analytical in PAT is broadly defined to include chemical, physical, microbiological, mathematical, and risk analysis conducted in an integrated manner (see Table I), the emphasis in this article is on analytical techniques that enable the monitoring of critical performance attributes of raw and in-process materials and processes during biotechnology manufacturing. (biopharminternational.com)
  • Traditional manufacturing involves the use of extensive analytical testing, most of which is retrospective as the data from analysis is received after the product lot has already advanced to the next process step. (biopharminternational.com)
  • While efforts have been devoted to the analysis of N -glycans, high-throughput quantitative analysis of O -glycans is underexplored. (ncqbcs.com)
  • This method provides an effective and reliable approach for the profiling and high-throughput quantitative analysis of O -glycans in complex samples. (ncqbcs.com)
  • Quantitative analysis of these triterpenes was performed for the purpose of crude drug quality control. (researchgate.net)
  • The essential role of MVA end-products in the CNS physiology is also supported by growing preclinical and clinical studies on the pleiotropic effects of statins in the brain. (nature.com)
  • Comprehensive analysis was performed by lectin- or HILIC-capture of glycopeptide subsets followed by enzymatic deglycosylation in stable isotope-labeled water (H₂¹⁸O, IGOT) and finally LC-MS analyses. (nih.gov)
  • Rather, nonglycosylated rhodopsin exhibited reduced ability to activate transducin, which was specifically associated with loss of glycosylation at N15. (jneurosci.org)