The enzyme chondroitin B lyase (EC 4.2.2.19) catalyzes the following process: Eliminative cleavage of dermatan sulfate containing (1→4)-β-D-hexosaminyl and (1→3)-β-D-glucurosonyl or (1→3)-α-L-iduronosyl linkages to disaccharides containing 4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups to yield a 4,5-unsaturated dermatan-sulfate disaccharide (ΔUA-GalNAc-4S). (wikipedia.org)
Here, we investigated a gene of unknown function (BT_3328) from the chondroitin sulfate (CS) utilization locus of B. thetaiotaomicron. (hal.science)
NMR and UV spectroscopic assays revealed that it encodes a novel polysaccharide lyase (PL), hereafter referred to as BtCDH, reflecting its source (B. thetaiotaomicron (Bt)) and its ability to degrade the GAGs CS, dermatan sulfate (DS), and hyaluronic acid (HA). (hal.science)
We have determined the three -dimensional crystal structure of ArthroAC in its native form as well as in complex with its substrates (chondroitin 4-sulfate tetrasaccharide, CStetra and hyaluronan tetrasaccharide) at resolution varying from 1.25 Angstrom to 1.9 Angstrom. (canada.ca)
Proteoglycans (PGs) are proteins with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains, such as chondroitin sulfate (CS) or heparan sulfate (HS), attached to serine residues. (scilifelab.se)
Previous: "A portion of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate[GO]. (virtualflybrain.org)
Dermatan1
Characterization of oligosaccharides from the chondroitin/dermatan sulfates. (wikipedia.org)
Enzymes2
Chondroitin lyases (EC 4.2.2.4 and EC 4.2.2.5) are glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes that act as eliminases. (rcsb.org)
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and GAG-degrading enzymes have wide-ranging applications in the medical and biotechnological industries. (hal.science)
Proteoglycan1
The chondroitin lyases from Flavobacterium heparinum (Cytophaga heparinia) have been widely used in depolymerization of glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan chondroitin sulphates. (rpi.edu)
Polysaccharides2
Glossary: This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on polysaccharides. (wikipedia.org)
Le Vivant repose pour son fonctionnement sur les propriétés structurales et fonctionnelles de grandes familles de biopolymères, parmi lesquelles celle des polysaccharides qui reste encore mal connue, et en particulier ceux exposés à la surface cellulaire ou constituant des glyco-conjugués avec les protéines. (hal.science)
GAGs1
Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. (virtualflybrain.org)
Characterization1
P. Datta, L. Yan, A. Awofiranye, J.S. Dordick, and R.J. Linhardt (2020), "Heparosan Chain Characterization: Sequential Depolymerization of E. Coli K5 Heparosan by a Bacterial Eliminase Heparin Lyase III and a Bacterial Hydrolase Heparanase Bp to Prepare Defined Oligomers", Biotechnol. (rpi.edu)
Chains1
Glycopeptides carrying GAG chains were enriched from human pancreatic islets, rat (INS-1 832/13) and mouse (MIN6, NIT-1) insulinoma cell lines by exchange chromatography, depolymerized with GAG lyases, and analyzed by nanoflow liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. (scilifelab.se)
Bacteroides1
A novel type of heparinase (heparin lyase, no EC number) has been purified from Bacteroides stercoris HJ-15, isolated from human intestine, which produces three kinds of heparinases. (rpi.edu)
Family1
BtCDH homologs were also detected in several other HGM species, and we therefore propose that it represents the founding member of a new polysaccharide lyase family (PL29). (hal.science)
Dermatan Sulfate5
The enzyme chondroitin B lyase (EC 4.2.2.19) catalyzes the following process: Eliminative cleavage of dermatan sulfate containing (1→4)-β-D-hexosaminyl and (1→3)-β-D-glucurosonyl or (1→3)-α-L-iduronosyl linkages to disaccharides containing 4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups to yield a 4,5-unsaturated dermatan-sulfate disaccharide (ΔUA-GalNAc-4S). (wikipedia.org)
These non-sulfated GAGs are also produced in animal cells and, in some cases, are the precursor backbones for sulfated GAGs (eg, heparin, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate). (drugtargetreview.com)
Chondroitin AC lyase can hydrolyze chondroitin sulfate A (CS-A), chondroitin sulfate C (CS-C), and hyaluronic acid (HA), making it an essential biocatalyst for the preparation of low molecular weight chondroitin sulfate, analysis of the structure of the chondroitin sulfate, treatment of spinal cord injury, and purification of heparin. (bvsalud.org)
Glucosamine sulfate's primary biological role in halting or reversing joint degeneration appears to be directly due to its ability to act as an essential substrate for, and to stimulate the biosynthesis of, the glycosaminoglycans and the hyaluronic acid backbone needed for the formation of proteoglycans found in the structural matrix of joints. (nih.gov)
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG) are critical for cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and are implicated in glioma growth and invasion. (nih.gov)
Carbon-oxygen2
Glossary: This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on polysaccharides. (wikipedia.org)
Enzymes which catalyze the elimination of glucuronate residues from chondroitin A,B, and C or which catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate groups of the 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose 6-sulfate units of chondroitin sulfate. (lookformedical.com)
This family consists of a group of secreted bacterial lyase enzymes capable of acting on glycosaminoglycans, such as hyaluronan and chondroitin, in the extracellular matrix of host tissues, contributing to the invasive capacity of the pathogen. (unl.edu)
Heparin3
Heparin is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that is extracted primarily from porcine intestinal tissues and is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. (rpi.edu)
A high resolution method for the separation and analysis of disaccharides prepared from heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) using heparinlyases is described. (rpi.edu)
For example, in 2008 heparin contamination/adulteration with over-sulfated chondroitin sulfate led to adverse effects, including death, in patients. (drugtargetreview.com)
Sulfates6
Characterization of oligosaccharides from the chondroitin/dermatan sulfates. (wikipedia.org)
Chondroitin sulfates, whether they are absorbed intact or broken into their constituent components, similarly provide additional substrates for the formation of a healthy joint matrix. (nih.gov)
Evidence also supports the oral administration of chondroitin sulfates for joint disease, both as an agent to slowly reduce symptoms and to reduce the need for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. (nih.gov)
The combined use of glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfates in the treatment of degenerative joint disease has become an extremely popular supplementation protocol in arthritic conditions of the joints. (nih.gov)
Although glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfates are often administered together, there is no information available to demonstrate the combination produces better results than glucosamine sulfate alone. (nih.gov)
Substrate1
They are further divided into chondroitin AC, ABC, and B lyases according to their spatial structure and substrate specificity. (bvsalud.org)
GL1 Xanthan Lyase that Acts on Side Chains of Xanthan [Bacillus sp. (unl.edu)
Structure2
The protein contains a single glycosaminoglycan chain and is similar in structure to BIGLYCAN. (lookformedical.com)
Effects of glycosaminoglycans on U-937 leukemia cell proliferation and differentiation: Structure-function relationship. (unimore.it)
Important1
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has an important role in cell division, in the central nervous system, and in joint-related pathologies such as osteoarthritis. (rpi.edu)
This paper provides an overview of reported chondroitin AC lyases, including their properties and the challenges faced in industrial applications. (bvsalud.org)