• Polyphenols and phenolic acids from strawberry and apple may decrease glucose uptake by blocking transport through human intestinal cells, according to a new study. (nutraingredients.com)
  • "There is recent evidence that some bioactive compounds, in particular polyphenols, phenolic acids and tannins (PPTs), can affect the shape of the blood glucose curve … Some studies have shown that these compounds may result in an altered pattern of intestinal glucose uptake, possibly due to interactions between compounds and sugar transporters," ​ said the authors. (nutraingredients.com)
  • "The results obtained demonstrate that polyphenols, phenolic acids and tannin-rich extracts from strawberry and apple were able to influence glucose uptake into the cells and transport … by inhibiting activities of the glucose transporters," ​said the authors. (nutraingredients.com)
  • Since the mid-1960s, it has been known that there are energy-dependent, sodium-coupled glucose transporter (SGLT) and energy-independent, facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT) pathways for glucose uptake in the lung [ 1 ], and that glucose can permeate the alveolar epithelial barrier [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Glucose removal is determined by cellular glucose uptake and metabolism ( fig. 1 ) [ 4 , 12 - 14 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Glu-4, a relatively inactive IL-1 beta analogue in most cells, stimulated glucose uptake in a time and dose dependent manner with kinetics indistinguishable from those of IL-1 beta. (eurekamag.com)
  • Muscle glucose uptake and signaling were measured ex vivo in fetal ( n = 5-8/group) and juvenile ( n = 8/group) offspring. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Maternal WSD reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and impaired insulin signaling at the level of Akt phosphorylation in fetal muscle. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In juvenile offspring, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was similarly reduced by both maternal and postweaning WSD and corresponded to modest reductions in insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation relative to controls. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Drosophila transmembrane protein 214 (dTMEM214) regulates midgut glucose uptake and systemic glucose homeostasis. (ouhsc.edu)
  • The laforin-malin complex negatively regulates glycogen synthesis by modulating cellular glucose uptake via glucose transporters. (ouhsc.edu)
  • Dose-dependent increase in glucose uptake activity (GUA) was observed in both cell lines. (wiley.com)
  • Glucose transporter 4 translocation was confirmed by determining the uptake of glucose in the presence of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and PI3K inhibitors. (wiley.com)
  • In conclusion, AEG enhances glucose transport by modulating the proximal and distal markers involved in glucose uptake and its transformation into glycogen. (wiley.com)
  • In contrast, TERT over-expression increased glucose uptake by 3.25-fold. (telomerescience.com)
  • Collectively, these findings identified a novel extra-nuclear function of TERT that regulates an insulin-insensitive pathway involved in glucose uptake in human and mouse skeletal muscle cells. (telomerescience.com)
  • Moreover, Vitamin D favors glucose uptake within the muscle by intensifying the intracellular expression on the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and enhancing the insulindependent glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) on fat tissues [11]. (atminhibitor.com)
  • Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was also measured using isolated soleus muscle and epididymal adipose tissue. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was impaired in isolated soleus muscle and epididymal adipose tissues from DOC2b KO mice. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Conclusions: We propose a novel insulin signaling mechanism by which protein kinase C iota phosphorylates DOC2b, leading to glucose transporter 4 vesicle translocation, fusion and facilitation of glucose uptake in response to insulin. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Phosphorylation of S226 is required for the rapid increase in glucose uptake and enhanced cell surface localization of GLUT1 induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Several naturally occurring, pathogenic mutations that cause GLUT1 deficiency syndrome disrupt this PKC phosphomotif, impair the phosphorylation of S226 in vitro, and block TPA-mediated increases in glucose uptake. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Glucose transport inhibitors blocked both [3H]-2-deoxy-glucose (2dG) uptake and phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa. (aai.org)
  • abstract = 'Conventional (c) protein kinase C (PKC) activity has been shown to increase with skeletal muscle contraction, and numerous studies using primarily pharmacological inhibitors have implicated cPKCs in contraction-stimulated glucose uptake. (ku.dk)
  • Here, to confirm that cPKC activity is required for contraction-stimulated glucose uptake in mouse muscles, contraction-stimulated glucose uptake ex vivo was first evaluated in the presence of three commonly used cPKC inhibitors (calphostin C, G{\'o}-6976, and G{\'o}-6983) in incubated mouse soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. (ku.dk)
  • All potently inhibited contraction-stimulated glucose uptake by 50-100%, whereas both G{\'o} compounds, but not calphostin C, inhibited insulin-stimulated glucose uptake modestly. (ku.dk)
  • However, in muscles from PKCalpha knockout (KO) mice, neither contraction- nor phorbol ester-stimulated glucose uptake ex vivo differed compared with the wild type. (ku.dk)
  • Furthermore, the effects of calphostin C and G{\'o}-6983 on contraction-induced glucose uptake were similar in muscles lacking PKCalpha and in the wild type. (ku.dk)
  • It can be concluded that PKCalpha, representing approximately 97% of cPKC in skeletal muscle, is not required for contraction-stimulated glucose uptake. (ku.dk)
  • Thus the effect of the PKC blockers on glucose uptake is either nonspecific working on other parts of contraction-induced signaling or the remaining cPKC isoforms are sufficient for stimulating glucose uptake during contractions. (ku.dk)
  • Expressed mainly in skeletal muscle it dramatically increases the muscle's uptake of glucose from the blood in response to insulin or metabolic demand. (cdc.gov)
  • These co-transporters are an example of secondary active transport. (wikipedia.org)
  • They said that PPTs have the potential to "readily affect glucose absorption in the small intestine," ​noting that many polyphenols, phenolic acids and tannins can interact with certain sugar transporters - for example, inhibition of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1 - an active transport mechanism in which glucose is co-transported with sodium ion) or by inhibition of GLUT2. (nutraingredients.com)
  • By using sodium-containing (to activate both SGLT1 and GLUT2 glucose transporters) and sodium-free (activating GLUT2 only) conditions, the researchers showed that PPTs inhibit the action of GLUT2 receptors more than SGLT1. (nutraingredients.com)
  • Glucose is removed from ASL in proximal airways via facilitative glucose transporters, down a concentration gradient generated by intracellular glucose metabolism. (ersjournals.com)
  • In the distal lung, glucose transport via sodium-coupled glucose transporters predominates. (ersjournals.com)
  • The anti-diabetic action is through the competitive inhibition of the sodium-dependent blood transporters (SGLT1 and SGLT2) of metabolites such as glucose (Ehrenkranz et al. (aphios.com)
  • Dysregulation of insulin-sensitive glucose transporters during insulin resistance-induced atrial fibrillation. (ouhsc.edu)
  • The EcoCyc database describes 532 transport reactions, 480 transporters, and 97 proteins involved in sugar transport. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Nevertheless, due to the high number of sugar transporters, E. coli uses preferentially few systems to grow in glucose as the sole carbon source. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Once in periplasmic space, glucose is transported into the cytoplasm by several systems, including the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS), the ATP-dependent cassette (ABC) transporters, and the major facilitator (MFS) superfamily proton symporters. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Transport comprises 532 reactions, including 480 transporters (EcoCyc database https://biocyc.org/ECOLI/organism-summary , accessed on 1 May 2023) [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Additionally, numerous transporters with overlapping sugar specificities for monosaccharides increase the potential capability to transport glucose [ 6 ] , indicating the extraordinary capability and plasticity of transporting and growing glucose as a carbon source. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation experiments in C2C12 cells showed that TERT was constitutively associated with glucose transporters (GLUTs) 1, 4 and 12 via an insulin insensitive interaction that also did not require intact PI3-K and mTOR pathways. (telomerescience.com)
  • The work focuses on creation of mathematical models that robustly and quantitatively describe the movement of glucose transporters within cells, and how this is regulated and controlled by the insulin signalling network. (edu.au)
  • The SGLT proteins use the energy from this downhill sodium ion gradient created by the ATPase pump to transport glucose across the apical membrane, against an uphill glucose gradient. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ouhsc.edu)
  • A family of monosaccharide transport proteins characterized by 12 membrane spanning helices. (ouhsc.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative" by people in this website by year, and whether "Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ouhsc.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative" by people in Profiles. (ouhsc.edu)
  • Among them, 97 proteins are involved in sugar transport ( Table 1 ). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The transport may be active transport by carrier proteins with an energy source, or it may be facilitated diffusion or passive transport via channels. (wikibooks.org)
  • The proteins produced from the G6PC and SLC37A4 genes work together to break down a type of sugar molecule called glucose 6-phosphate. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Aims/introduction: Double C2 domain protein b (DOC2b), one of the synaptotagmins, has been shown to translocate to the plasma membrane, and to initiate membrane-fusion processes of vesicles containing glucose transporter 4 proteins on insulin stimulation. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Globulins are a diverse group of proteins that transport various substances in the blood. (cdc.gov)
  • Members of the GLUT family of glucose uniporters then transport the glucose across the basolateral membrane, and into the peritubular capillaries. (wikipedia.org)
  • More than 90% of diabetes cases are type 2 diabetes characterized by persistent increase in glucose (hyperglycemia), lipid, and protein metabolic disorders that may induce insulin resistance. (nioh.ac.za)
  • Individuals who suffer from type 2 diabetes are partly characterized by down-regulation of glucose transport and mitochondrial lipid oxidizing genes. (nioh.ac.za)
  • In this study, we accessed NRF-1 and its target gene expression crucial in glucose transport and lipid oxidation during exercise. (nioh.ac.za)
  • Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters (or sodium-glucose linked transporter, SGLT) are a family of glucose transporter found in the intestinal mucosa (enterocytes) of the small intestine (SGLT1) and the proximal tubule of the nephron (SGLT2 in PCT and SGLT1 in PST). (wikipedia.org)
  • If the plasma glucose concentration is too high (hyperglycemia), glucose passes into the urine (glucosuria) because SGLT are saturated with the filtered glucose. (wikipedia.org)
  • 나트륨-포도당 공수송체(sodium-glucose cotransporter, 줄여서 SGLT)는 전기화학적 구배에 축적된 에너지를 이용합니다. (jove.com)
  • However, much subsequent research in this area was focused on the role of pulmonary SGLT transport as a modifier of lung liquid volume [ 3 , 4 ], and the effects of starvation and diabetes on glucose transport [ 1 , 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Canagliflozin, a selective sodium/glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor, suppresses the renal reabsorption of glucose and decreases blood glucose level in patients with type 2 diabetes. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The facilitative glucose transporter GLUT1 mRNA transcript was detected by PCR in preparations from purified macrophages. (aai.org)
  • In the kidneys, 100% of the filtered glucose in the glomerulus has to be reabsorbed along the nephron (98% in PCT, via SGLT2). (wikipedia.org)
  • SGLT2 is only found in kidney tubules and in conjunction with SGLT1 resorbs glucose into the blood from the forming urine. (wikipedia.org)
  • By inhibiting SGLT2, and not targeting SGLT1, glucose is excreted which in turn lowers blood glucose levels. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because sodium and glucose are moved in the same direction across the membrane, SGLT1 and SGLT2 are known as symporters. (wikipedia.org)
  • Membrane Transport and Metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Impaired insulin secretion and free radical formation are the initial events triggering the development of insulin resistance and its causal relations with dysregulation of glucose and fatty acids metabolism. (wiley.com)
  • Mueckler's work was centered around the mechanisms of glucose metabolism regulation and identifying factors that interfere with the process, leading to diabetes, certain cancers, and other conditions. (the-scientist.com)
  • In addition to the histological examination, glucose metabolism was assessed by measuring parameters on glucose/insulin tolerance tests. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • We show that GtrS and GltR form a two-component system that regulates the expression from the promoters Pedd/gap-1, PoprB and Pglk, which control the expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism and transport. (nih.gov)
  • We propose that 2-KG is a key metabolite in the stringent transcriptional control of genes involved in virulence and glucose metabolism. (nih.gov)
  • Glucose measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic islet cell carcinoma and of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, including diabetes mellitus, neonatal hypoglycemia, and idiopathic hypoglycemia. (cdc.gov)
  • Dietary Phloridzin reduces blood glucose levels and reverses Sglt1 expression in the small intestine in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. (aphios.com)
  • Artificial perfusion equipment had been used to maintain the back and forth flow of glucose in the small intestine. (unpad.ac.id)
  • Repeated high post meal (post-prandial) blood plasma glucose 'spikes' are associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes. (nutraingredients.com)
  • This is in contrast to conditions in the gut and kidney, where luminal glucose concentrations regularly exceed plasma glucose concentrations [ 6 , 7 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • 0.01 mM and plasma glucose 0.19 mM [ 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Renal glucosuria is the excretion of glucose in the urine in the presence of normal plasma glucose levels. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Reduction, or blunting, of post-prandial glucose concentration in blood is potentially beneficial. (nutraingredients.com)
  • Understanding free energy is the heart of understanding how molecules are transported and/or behave in a concentration gradient. (wikibooks.org)
  • When ΔG is positive the transport is active, an input of energy is needed to move a molecule up a concentration gradient, contrary to ΔG being negative the transport is passive, which means that such molecules will pass through a membrane down their own gradient, simple diffusion. (wikibooks.org)
  • Carica papaya L leaf infusion did not decrease the concentration of glucose absorption significantly compared to early control. (unpad.ac.id)
  • In August 1960, in Prague, Robert K. Crane presented for the first time his discovery of the sodium-glucose cotransport as the mechanism for intestinal glucose absorption. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, the consumption of strawberry and apple juices could affect glucose absorption via ​ the inhibition of glucose transport," said the researchers. (nutraingredients.com)
  • The mean absorption of glucose in early control was 85.39+4.42 mg/dl and during treatment was 84.51+4.20 mg/dL. (unpad.ac.id)
  • The disorder is typically initially noted on routine urinalysis, and is defined as glucosuria in the absence of hyperglycemia (serum glucose 140 mg/dL). (msdmanuals.com)
  • GSD type Ib is a similar condition that has active G6Pase enzyme activity but with a defect in the glucose-6-phosphate transporter protein. (medscape.com)
  • Type Ia represent the true enzymatic defect, and type Ib represent the transport defect. (lu.se)
  • We investigated the role of TERT, in regulating cellular glucose utilisation by using the myoblastoma cell line C2C12, as well as primary mouse and human skeletal muscle cells. (telomerescience.com)
  • M ichael Mueckler, a cellular biologist who studied glucose transport and blood sugar regulation, has died at the age of 67. (the-scientist.com)
  • Simpson, IA & Cushman, SW 1986, ' Hormonal regulation of mammalian glucose transport ', Annual review of biochemistry , vol. (psu.edu)
  • We demonstrate that the phosphorylation of GLUT1 on S226 regulates glucose transport and propose that this modification is important in the physiological regulation of glucose transport. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Here, we consider a newly identified role for pulmonary glucose transport in maintaining low airway surface liquid (ASL) glucose concentrations and propose that this contributes to lung defence against infection. (ersjournals.com)
  • These processes vary between species but universally maintain ASL glucose at 3-20-fold lower concentrations than plasma. (ersjournals.com)
  • ASL glucose concentrations are increased in respiratory disease and by hyperglycaemia. (ersjournals.com)
  • ASL glucose concentrations are the net result of diffusion of glucose from blood and interstitial fluid across the respiratory epithelium into the ASL, and removal of glucose from ASL by epithelial glucose transport processes. (ersjournals.com)
  • Current model of the mechanisms controlling glucose concentrations in the surface liquid lining the airway and distal lung epithelium. (ersjournals.com)
  • In contrast to the vertebrates, the use of non-reducing disaccharides as transport fuels in the circulation systems of insects and higher plants may be an adaptation to allow transport of relatively high concentrations of sugar without the problems caused by glycation. (mcmaster.ca)
  • P. aeruginosa ingestion by macrophages occurs only in the presence of D-glucose or D-mannose, sugars present in low concentrations in the endobronchial space. (aai.org)
  • Physicians now recognize that zinc supplementation can reduce the incidence and severity of diarrheal disease, and an ORS of reduced osmolarity (i.e., proportionally reduced concentrations of sodium and glucose) has been developed for global use. (cdc.gov)
  • It is only recently that we and others have begun to investigate glucose transport as an important mechanism for maintaining a nutrient-depleted environment in the lung lumen to limit the growth of pathogenic organisms. (ersjournals.com)
  • Immunoblot analysis revealed an insulin-like glucose transporting mechanism of AEG by activating key markers involved in the insulin signaling cascade such as insulin receptor beta IRβ, insulin receptor substrate1, 85 phosphatidyl inositol 3′ kinase (PI3K) and PKB. (wiley.com)
  • Protein kinase C has been implicated in the phosphorylation of the erythrocyte/brain glucose transporter, GLUT1, without a clear understanding of the site(s) of phosphorylation and the possible effects on glucose transport. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the GltR regulator is required for glucose transport, whereas GtrS is a sensor kinase that plays a key role in mediating bacteria-host interaction and pathogen dissemination in the host. (nih.gov)
  • Specifically, we want to understand the very early changes in insulin signalling and glucose transport in mature adipocytes, and how this is related to cell size. (lu.se)
  • Our understanding of the role of glucose transport in the lung and the mechanisms that regulate glucose movement across the human lung epithelium lags far behind that of the gut and kidney. (ersjournals.com)
  • Addition of insulin and IL-1 beta resulted in an additive stimulation of transport, suggesting different mechanisms. (eurekamag.com)
  • Studying this highly dynamic process of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of pancreatic islets can give insights into the insulin release mechanisms of healthy and diabetic islets. (frontiersin.org)
  • Several transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms control the preferential use of glucose over other sugars. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • His work centered on the mechanisms of glucose transport into cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • Efficient acquisition of extracellular nutrients is essential for bacterial pathogenesis, however the identities and mechanisms for transport of many of these substrates remain unclear. (rcsb.org)
  • They contribute to renal glucose reabsorption. (wikipedia.org)
  • Introduction to Renal Transport Abnormalities Many substances are secreted or reabsorbed in the renal tubule system, including electrolytes, protons, bicarbonate molecules, glucose, uric acid, amino acids, and free water. (msdmanuals.com)
  • By crystallographic, biophysical and in vivo approaches, we show that AfuABC is in fact a cyclic hexose/heptose-phosphate transporter with high selectivity and specificity for a set of ubiquitous metabolites (glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate). (rcsb.org)
  • carbohydrate transmembrane transporter/ hexose:hydrogen symporter/ high-affinity hydrogen:glucose symporter/ su. (cornell.edu)
  • In immortalised human airway cells (line H441) with 10 mM glucose in the basolateral medium, apical ASL glucose was 0.24±0.07 mM [ 10 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • In primary cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) with 16.6±0.4 mM glucose in the basolateral medium, ASL glucose was 2.2±0.5 mM [ 11 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • We conclude that glucose exerts its effect on the macrophage, not on the bacterium, in the glucose-dependent nonopsonic phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa and that glucose transport via GLUT1 by the macrophages is required to trigger ingestion. (aai.org)
  • E. coli nonspecifically transports glucose from the extracellular medium into the periplasmic space through the outer membrane porins. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • 2009). Phloridzin is shown to induce experimental glycosuria by blocking the reabsorption of glucose from the kidney (Shapiro, 1946). (aphios.com)
  • The research, published in Molecular Nutrition & Food Research ​, suggests that some polyphenols, phenolic acids and tannins extracted from ​apples and strawberries may block the transport of glucose across intestinal tissues, potentially blunting post-meal glucose spikes. (nutraingredients.com)
  • G6Pase is present in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the aforementioned tissues and requires G6P transport into the ER in order to function. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, glucose actually moved with net protons being pushed out of cell, sodium being the intermediate. (wikipedia.org)