Glucose amino acid transporter amino acids neutral. Medical search. Frequent questions

In other cells (predominantly excitable tissue cells), EAAC1 has been reported to function as a glutamate transporter rather than as an aspartate transporter. (biomedcentral.com)
The identification of EAAC1 as the high-affinity L-aspartate transporter now permits studies to elucidate the mechanism of hormonal regulation of EAAC1 gene expression, and to investigate the mechanism by which the cellular environment effects the functioning of EAAC1 as an aspartate transporter or as a glutamate transporter. (biomedcentral.com)
The kinetic properties are representative of the Na+- dependent high-affinity glutamate-aspartate transporters referred to as the X AG - class of amino acid transporters. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, we identified metabolic compensation mediated by the glutamate/aspartate transporters SLC1A2 and SLC1A3 under glutamine-limiting conditions. (life-science-alliance.org)

This study shows that EAAC1 functions as the high-affinity L-aspartate transporter that is responsible for the uptake and accumulation of aspartate in prostate cells. (biomedcentral.com)
mainly involved in uptake, and ABC transporters (ABCs), mainly involved in efflux (e.g. (biorxiv.org)
Among the transporters identified, we characterized the cationic amino acid transporter SLC7A3 as a gene that, when up-regulated, overcame low availability of arginine and lysine by increasing their uptake, whereas SLC7A5 was able to sustain cellular fitness upon deprivation of several neutral amino acids. (life-science-alliance.org)
The uptake of many nutrients is perturbed by alkalinization of the environment and, consequently, an impact on phosphate, iron/copper and glucose homeostatic mechanisms can also be observed. (microbialcell.com)

Specific responses in S. aureus included increased expression of de novo and salvation pathways for purine and pyrimidine synthesis, a switch to glucose fermentation, and decreased expression of major virulence factors and global regulators. (biomedcentral.com)

Causes include accumulation of ketones and lactic acid, renal failure, and drug or toxin ingestion (high anion gap) and gastrointestinal or renal HCO 3 − loss (normal anion gap). (msdmanuals.com)

Glycine is an amino acid and neurotransmitter. (examine.com)
[1] Glycine is the simplest amino acid in nature, with a single hydrogen atom as its side chain. (examine.com)
Glycine is the primary amino acid in collagen, making up one-third of its amino acids in the repeated form of tripeptides (glycine-proline-Y and glycine-X-hydroxyproline, where X and Y can be any amino acid). (examine.com)
[5] Like all amino acids, glycine has a central carbon with one amino group, one carboxy acid group, and one side chain that makes each amino acid unique. (examine.com)
For glycine, this side chain is a single hydrogen atom, which is why glycine is the simplest and smallest amino acid in nature. (examine.com)
Glycine is a nonpolar neutral amino acid, meaning it has no net electrical charge and does not interact with water. (examine.com)
As an amino acid, glycine plays an essential role in protein synthesis, especially collagen synthesis. (examine.com)
[12] Additionally, glycine is conjugated with bile acids (along with taurine) before being excreted into the biliary system, thereby playing a central role in lipid digestion and absorption. (examine.com)
Glycine is a conditionally essential amino acid in humans because humans are unable to synthesize enough glycine to satisfy metabolic requirements. (examine.com)
Glycine is an amino acid, or a building block for protein. (supplemented.co.uk)
A family of sodium chloride-dependent neurotransmitter symporters that transport the amino acid GLYCINE. (childrensmercy.org)

Glycosaminoglycans are polymers of forms of glucose (glucosamine, glucuronic acid, iduronic acid) suggesting that glycosaminoglycan synthesis may compete with the glucose needs of the developing fetus. (biomedcentral.com)
Fructose is an intermediate product in the synthesis of glucosamine from glucose, and glucosamine is linked to regulation of trophoblast cell proliferation through regulation of mTOR. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings suggest a link between glucose, fructose, glucosamine synthesis, GAG production, and placental morphogenesis, but the details of these interactions remain unclear. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition, recent placental epithelial transcriptome analysis identified several glucose, amino acid, lipid, vitamin, mineral and hormone transporter mechanisms within the placenta. (biomedcentral.com)

Using metabolomics and RNA sequencing, we show significant reduction in many amino acid substrates of SLC38A5 as well as OXPHOS inactivation in response to SLC38A5 deletion. (bvsalud.org)
Since many SLC38A5 substrates are activators of mTORC1 as well as TCA cycle intermediates/precursors, we speculate amino acid insufficiency as a possible link between SLC38A5 deletion and inactivation of mTORC1, glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration, and the underlying mechanism for PDAC attenuation. (bvsalud.org)
In many cases, transporters exhibit extremely high Gini coefficients, even when their supposed substrates might be expected to be available to all tissues, indicating a much higher degree of specialisation than is usually assumed. (biorxiv.org)
Perland and Fredriksson, 2017 ) or the pharmaceutical drug substrates of these transporters, and one clue to this may be to understand their differential tissue distribution. (biorxiv.org)

In particular, with some exceptions such as olfactory receptors and genes involved in keratin production, transporter genes are significantly more heterogeneously expressed than are most non-transporter genes. (biorxiv.org)
Based on a comparative analysis of BPH and SBPH after transfer, the genes associated with sugar transporters and heat-shock proteins showed similar variation. (biomedcentral.com)

The blood pH needs to be constantly between 7.35 and 7.45, and in addition the blood needs to remain electrically neutral, which means that the total cations, or positively charged particles, equals the total anions, or negatively charged particles. (msdmanuals.com)

Solute carrier (SLC) transporters control fluxes of nutrients and metabolites across membranes and thereby represent a critical interface between the microenvironment and cellular and subcellular metabolism. (life-science-alliance.org)

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is considered a strong acid because it is present only in a completely ionized form in the body, whereas carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ) is a weak acid because it is ionized incompletely, and, at equilibrium, all three reactants are present in body fluids. (medscape.com)
the carbonic acid, in turn, forms water and CO 2 . (medscape.com)
In this case, the bicarbonate HCO3− ion concentration decreases by binding of bicarbonate HCO3− ions and protons H+, which results in the formation of H2CO3 carbonic acid, which subsequently breaks down into carbon dioxide CO2 and water H2O. (msdmanuals.com)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells have a great demand for nutrients in the form of sugars, amino acids, and lipids. (bvsalud.org)

Overall, this gain-of-function approach using human cells uncovered functional transporter-nutrient relationships and revealed that transport activity up-regulation may be sufficient to overcome environmental metabolic restrictions. (life-science-alliance.org)

The transporter of negative transcription results in throughput amino in economic aspects develops the I of intracellular acids. (erik-mill.de)

Although less energetically efficient than oxidation that occurs in most mature tissues, aerobic glycolysis shuttles intermediates into biosynthetic pathways to make amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids and other macromolecules to support rapid anabolic growth ( Pavlova and Thompson, 2016 ). (elifesciences.org)

Endurance exercise induced fatigue factors such as a decrease in blood glucose, an increase in blood lactate, and the depletion of muscle glycogen, but those parameters recovered to basal levels within 6 h after exercise. (frontiersin.org)
One-by-one depletion of 13 amino acids required for cell proliferation enabled gain-of-function genetic screens using a SLC-focused CRISPR/Cas9-based transcriptional activation approach to uncover transporters relieving cells from growth-limiting metabolic bottlenecks. (life-science-alliance.org)

During heart failure, intracardiac branched chain amino acids are increased while taurine levels are decreased, leading to impairments in autophagy, mitochondrial function, and calcium homeostasis. (figshare.com)

features in either of these several drugs full-text in focus of residue glucose between domain and protein-sorting arising disaccharide culture and role for vascularization. (erik-mill.de)

Understanding the regulation of acid-base balance requires appreciation of the fundamental definitions and principles underlying this complex physiologic process. (medscape.com)
Acid-Base Regulation Metabolic processes in the human body continually produce acid and, to a lesser degree, base. (msdmanuals.com)

Subsequent to our kinetic identification of the transport process, significant advances have been achieved in the genetic and protein identification and characterization of the X AG - transporter class as EAATs (excitatory amino acid transporters). (biomedcentral.com)

During eucaloric conditions the continual breakdown of protein that occurs in the body's organs and vital tissues is replenished in the post-absorptive state via supply of amino acids derived primarily from the skeletal muscle component of FFM[ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This amino acid is found in high-protein foods including meat, fish, eggs, dairy and legumes. (supplemented.co.uk)

Our findings suggest that plasma glycogenic amino acids are sensitive indicators of brain glycogen levels in endurance exercise. (frontiersin.org)

So, basically, metabolic acidosis arises either from the buildup of acid in our blood, which could be because it's produced or ingested in increased amounts, or because the body can't get rid of it, or from excessive bicarbonate HCO3− loss from the kidneys or gastrointestinal tract. (msdmanuals.com)

SGK3-sensitive transporters contribute to a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, hydro-salinity balance and acid-base balance, cell proliferation, muscle action potential, cardiac and neural electrophysiological disturbances, bone density, intestinal nutrition absorption, immune function, and multiple substance metabolism. (cqmu.edu.cn)

Here we show that SLC38A5 (SN2/SNAT5), a neutral amino acid transporter is highly upregulated and functional in PDAC cells. (bvsalud.org)

In contrast, in citrate-producing prostate cells, aspartate is an essential amino acid that must be derived from circulation. (biomedcentral.com)
By contrast, the Gini coefficients for ABC transporters tend to be larger in cell lines than in tissues, implying that some kind of a selection process has taken place. (biorxiv.org)

An acid is a substance that can donate hydrogen ions (H + ). A base is a substance that can accept H + ions. (medscape.com)

Thus, buffers work as a first-line of defense to blunt the changes in pH that would otherwise result from the constant daily addition of acids and bases to body fluids. (medscape.com)

PDAC cells meet these requirements by upregulating selective amino acid transporters. (bvsalud.org)
The present report is concerned with the identification of this putative L-aspartate transporter in rat and human prostate cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In these specialized prostate cells, aspartate is an essential amino acid that is derived from circulation. (biomedcentral.com)

We analyse two comprehensive transcriptome datasets from human tissues and human-derived cell lines in terms of the expression profiles of the SLC and ABC families of membrane transporters. (biorxiv.org)
The Gini index (coefficient) characterises inequalities of distributions, and is used in a novel way to describe the distribution of the expression of each transporter among the different tissues and cell lines. (biorxiv.org)
Similar trends hold true for the expression profiles of transporters in different cell lines, suggesting that cell lines exhibit largely similar transport behaviour to that of tissues. (biorxiv.org)

and, therefore is a non-essential amino acid. (biomedcentral.com)
Gly ) is a conditionally essential amino acid discovered in 1820 by French chemist Henri Braconnot through acid hydrolysis of gelatin. (examine.com)

An important unresolved issue was the identification of the putative prostate high-affinity L-aspartate transporter. (biomedcentral.com)

Global responses in both bacteria included competition for nitrogen sources, amino acids and increased tRNA levels. (biomedcentral.com)

These protons can come from organic acids which have accumulated in the blood, but they can also come from increased production in our body. (msdmanuals.com)

inner production( called of NOX1, NOXA1, NOXO1 and CYBA) and NOX3 affinity( exported of NOX3, CYBA, NCF1 Rafts NCF2 or NOXA1) can sometimes contribute synthesized by coding to RAC1: glucose to activate endosome( Cheng et al. (erik-mill.de)

Strong acids are those that are completely ionized in body fluids, and weak acids are those that are incompletely ionized in body fluids. (medscape.com)

Here we described the role of Si and its transporters in mitigating abiotic stress condition in horticultural plants. (researchsquare.com)

Anatomy18

Organisms15

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs134

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes60

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Glutamate4

Uptake4

Purine and pyrimidine1

Renal1

Glycine11

Synthesis3

Lipid1

Substrates4

Genes2

Negatively1

Solute1

Carbonic acid3

Nutrients1

Nutrient1

Intracellular1

Pathways1

Depletion2

Taurine1

Drugs1

Regulation2

Characterization1

Protein2

Findings suggest1

Metabolic1

Absorption1

Functional1

Contrast2

Hydrogen1

Bases1

Cells3

Tissues3

Essential2

High1

Levels1

Blood1

Contribute1

Body1

Role1