Antimetabolites can be used in cancer treatment, as they interfere with DNA production and therefore cell division and tumor growth. (wikipedia.org)
Anthracyclines are anti-tumor antibiotics that interfere with enzymes involved in copying DNA during the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Examples of anthracyclines include: Daunorubicin Doxorubicin (Adriamycin®) Epirubicin Idarubicin Anti-tumor antibiotics that are not anthracyclines include: Actinomycin-D Bleomycin Mitomycin-C Mitoxantrone Phototrexate Antimetabolites, particularly mitomycin C (MMC), are commonly used in America and Japan as an addition to trabeculectomy, a surgical procedure to treat glaucoma. (wikipedia.org)
Dosage of chemotherapy can be difficult: If the dose is too low, it will be ineffective against the tumor, whereas, at excessive doses, the toxicity (side-effects) will be intolerable to the person receiving it. (worldsbest.rehab)
Regimens2
All chemotherapy regimens require that the recipient be capable of undergoing the treatment. (worldsbest.rehab)
Current chemotherapy regimens apply drug treatment in cycles, with the frequency and duration of treatments limited by toxicity. (worldsbest.rehab)
Tumors1
As chemotherapy affects cell division, tumors with high growth fractions (such as acute myelogenous leukemia and the aggressive lymphomas , including Hodgkin's disease ) are more sensitive to chemotherapy, as a larger proportion of the targeted cells are undergoing cell division at any time. (wikidoc.org)
Toxic effects2
thus, competitive inhibition can occur, and the presence of antimetabolites can have toxic effects on cells, such as halting cell growth and cell division, so these compounds are used as chemotherapy for cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Besides the toxic effects of chemotherapy, another major problem is chemoresistance [5]. (savedelicious.com)
Metabolic1
Examples: Azathioprine, Thiopurines, and Fludarabine pyrimidine analogues - mimic the structure of metabolic pyrimidines, the smaller bases incorporated into DNA as cytosine and thymine. (wikipedia.org)
Replication3
Antimetabolites generally impair DNA replication machinery, either by incorporation of chemically altered nucleotides or by depleting the supply of deoxynucleotides needed for DNA replication and cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
They can also cause base mispairing between strands, which interferes with the progression of the replication fork [3]. (savedelicious.com)
Antibiotics3
Antimetabolites may also be antibiotics, such as sulfanilamide drugs, which inhibit dihydrofolate synthesis in bacteria by competing with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). (wikipedia.org)
Antitumor antibiotics are a class of antimetabolite drugs that are cell cycle nonspecific. (wikipedia.org)
In its non- oncological use, the term may also refer to antibiotics ( antibacterial chemotherapy ). (wikidoc.org)
Chemotherapeutic2
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx ) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen. (worldsbest.rehab)
Traditional chemotherapeutic agents are cytotoxic by means of interfering with cell division (mitosis) but cancer cells vary widely in their susceptibility to these agents. (worldsbest.rehab)
Immunosuppression2
This results in the most common side-effects of chemotherapy: myelosuppression (decreased production of blood cells, hence also immunosuppression), mucositis (inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract), and alopecia (hair loss). (worldsbest.rehab)
Other uses of cytostatic chemotherapy agents (including the ones mentioned below) are the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis and the suppression of transplant rejections (see immunosuppression and DMARDs ). (wikidoc.org)
Drugs9
Antimetabolite drugs are commonly used to treat leukemia, cancers of the breast, ovary, and the gastrointestinal tract, as well as other types of cancers. (wikipedia.org)
In the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System antimetabolite cancer drugs are classified under L01B. (wikipedia.org)
Resistance to chemotherapy is when the cancer cells do not respond to the drugs. (savedelicious.com)
It can increase the anxiety and depression a person experiences, and it can interact with certain other drugs including chemotherapy. (worldsbest.rehab)
It is important to remember that interactions do occur with all types of drugs, to a great or lesser extent and this article details the interactions of mixing chemotherapy and Weed. (worldsbest.rehab)
Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent (which almost always involves combinations of drugs) or it may aim to prolong life or to reduce symptoms (palliative chemotherapy). (worldsbest.rehab)
Importantly, the use of drugs (whether chemotherapy, hormonal therapy or targeted therapy) constitutes systemic therapy for cancer in that they are introduced into the blood stream and are therefore in principle able to address cancer at any anatomic location in the body. (worldsbest.rehab)
Many of the side effects of chemotherapy can be traced to damage to normal cells that divide rapidly and are thus sensitive to anti-mitotic drugs: cells in the bone marrow, digestive tract and hair follicles. (worldsbest.rehab)
Because of the effect on immune cells (especially lymphocytes), chemotherapy drugs often find use in a host of diseases that result from harmful overactivity of the immune system against self (so-called autoimmunity). (worldsbest.rehab)
Principles1
The targeted-therapy revolution has arrived, but the principles and limitations of chemotherapy discovered by the early researchers still apply. (wikidoc.org)
Drug2
Examples of cancer drug antimetabolites include, but are not limited to the following: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) Capecitabine (Xeloda®) Cytarabine (Ara-C®) Floxuridine Fludarabine Gemcitabine (Gemzar®) Hydroxycarbamide Methotrexate Pemetrexed (Alimta®) Phototrexate Anti-metabolites masquerade as a purine (azathioprine, mercaptopurine) or a pyrimidine, chemicals that become the building-blocks of DNA. (wikipedia.org)
The first drug used for cancer chemotherapy, however, dates back to the early 20th century, though it was not originally intended for that purpose. (wikidoc.org)
Cell division1
The term chemotherapy has come to connote non-specific usage of intracellular poisons to inhibit mitosis (cell division) or induce DNA damage, which is why inhibition of DNA repair can augment chemotherapy. (worldsbest.rehab)
Cells2
To a large extent, chemotherapy can be thought of as a way to damage or stress cells, which may then lead to cell death if apoptosis is initiated. (worldsbest.rehab)
Chemotherapy , in its most general sense, refers to treatment of disease by chemicals that kill cells, specifically those of micro-organisms or cancer . (wikidoc.org)
Respond2
however, the most prevalent forms of human cancer respond poorly or not at all to chemotherapy. (doctorlib.info)
Malignancies with slower growth rates, such as indolent lymphomas, tend to respond to chemotherapy much more modestly. (wikidoc.org)
Agents1
The connotation of the word chemotherapy excludes more selective agents that block extracellular signals (signal transduction). (worldsbest.rehab)
Chemical1
An antimetabolite is a chemical that inhibits the use of a metabolite, which is another chemical that is part of normal metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Major1
Chemotherapy is one of the major categories of the medical discipline specifically devoted to pharmacotherapy for cancer, which is called medical oncology . (worldsbest.rehab)
Synthesis3
Antimetabolites may also be antibiotics, such as sulfanilamide drugs, which inhibit dihydrofolate synthesis in bacteria by competing with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). (wikipedia.org)
PABA is needed in enzymatic reactions that produce folic acid, which acts as a coenzyme in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines, the building-blocks of DNA. (wikipedia.org)
The primary effect is to interfere with the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and to a lesser extent inhibit the formation of ribonucleic acid (RNA). (nih.gov)
Nonspecific4
Antitumor antibiotics are a class of antimetabolite drugs that are cell cycle nonspecific. (wikipedia.org)
Chemotherapy can be either "cell-cycle phase specific," targeting one specific phase of the cell cycle, or "cell-cycle phase nonspecific," targeting all proliferating cells regardless of their place in the cell cycle. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Whereas cell-cycle phase-specific chemotherapies are generally given more frequently or as continuous infusions, cell-cycle phase-nonspecific chemotherapies are usually given as a single dose. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Myelosuppression is the acute dose-limiting toxicity for most nonspecific chemotherapy. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Compounds2
In the cell, antimetabolites are mistaken for the metabolites they resemble, and are processed in the cell in a manner analogous to the normal compounds. (cancerquest.org)
thus, competitive inhibition can occur, and the presence of antimetabolites can have toxic effects on cells, such as halting cell growth and cell division, so these compounds are used as chemotherapy for cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Dose3
Watch the video to hear how sarcoma survivor Ned Crystal dealt with the side effects of high dose chemotherapy. (cancerquest.org)
Prospective dose modification of some chemotherapy and targeted therapies are essential in patients with impaired organ function to reduce the risk of severe adverse events. (basicmedicalkey.com)
pegargiminase) combined with pemetrexed (Pem) and cisplatin (Cis) chemotherapy in a phase 1 dose-expansion study of patients with argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1)-deficient metastatic UM. (bvsalud.org)
Chemicals1
Examples of cancer drug antimetabolites include, but are not limited to the following: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) Capecitabine (Xeloda®) Cytarabine (Ara-C®) Floxuridine Fludarabine Gemcitabine (Gemzar®) Hydroxycarbamide Methotrexate Pemetrexed (Alimta®) Phototrexate Anti-metabolites masquerade as a purine (azathioprine, mercaptopurine) or a pyrimidine, chemicals that become the building-blocks of DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Anemia1
Death of the normal cells produces some of the common side-effects of chemotherapy, including hair loss, anemia, immune suppression and stomach/digestive problems. (cancerquest.org)
Cancer4
Many of the antimetabolites used in the treatment of cancer interfere with the production of the nucleic acids, RNA and DNA. (cancerquest.org)
Antimetabolites can be used in cancer treatment, as they interfere with DNA production and therefore cell division and tumor growth. (wikipedia.org)
In the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System antimetabolite cancer drugs are classified under L01B. (wikipedia.org)
It is recommended that floxuridine be given only by or under the supervision of a qualified physician who is experienced in cancer chemotherapy and intra-arterial drug therapy and is well versed in the use of potent antimetabolites. (nih.gov)
Patient1
Any form of therapy which adds to the stress of the patient, interferes with nutrition or depresses bone marrow function will increase the toxicity of floxuridine. (nih.gov)