Germline antibody genes gene rearrangement b lymphocyte heavy chain. Medical search. Frequent questions

They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation. (lookformedical.com)
His works in Acquired immune system, Vertebrate, Gene rearrangement, Locus and Immunoglobulin heavy chain are all subjects of inquiry into Genetics. (research.com)
His Gene study frequently links to related topics such as Immunoglobulin light chain. (research.com)
His Gene rearrangement, Immunoglobulin superfamily, Genome, Transposable element and Xenopus study are his primary interests in Genetics. (research.com)
His biological study spans a wide range of topics, including J chain, Immunoglobulin M, Major histocompatibility complex and Affinity maturation. (research.com)
The immunoglobulin (Ig) variable region (V) genes expressed by IgM chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells display little or no somatic mutations. (omicsdi.org)
Analysis of an individual's immunoglobulin or T cell receptor gene repertoire can provide important insights into immune function. (bvsalud.org)
We suggest here that the nature of vertebrate immunoglobulin (IG) genes must make them prone to DMIs. (bvsalud.org)
Genes, Immunoglobulin" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uchicago.edu)
The heavy and light immunoglobulin genes are present as gene segments in the germline cells. (uchicago.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Genes, Immunoglobulin" by people in this website by year, and whether "Genes, Immunoglobulin" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uchicago.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Genes, Immunoglobulin" by people in Profiles. (uchicago.edu)
B-cell transcription factor expression and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement frequency in acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22). (uchicago.edu)
Molecular pathways and mechanisms regulating the recombination of immunoglobulin genes during B-lymphocyte development. (uchicago.edu)
Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency (SIgAD) is a primary immunodeficiency disease and is the most common of the primary antibody deficiencies. (medscape.com)
IgA-deficient patients with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-class anti-IgA antibodies are at risk for anaphylaxis if they receive blood or intravenous immunoglobulin, but this situation is extremely rare. (medscape.com)

Antibodies , also known as immunoglobulins, are proteins produced and secreted by plasma cells (differentiated B lymphocytes) that mediate the humoral immune response. (openstax.org)
humoral antibodies. (what-when-how.com)

To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
In order to pin-point when progenitors have acquired the ability to rearrange antibody genes, we are using a novel retroviral substrate assay for V(D)J recombination, utilizing very bright mutants of Green fluorescent protein (GFP). (umassmed.edu)
1 V(D)J recombination and the activity of genes of interest (using GFP as a reporter of gene expression) can be detected as intracellular fluorescence and are measured simultaneously in the same cell population, at the single cell level. (umassmed.edu)
In all five CLLs, the pattern of C mu DNA probe hybridization to the digested genomic DNAs was consistent with deletion of the C mu exon from the rearranged Ig gene locus, suggesting that these CLL B cells had undergone DNA switch recombination. (omicsdi.org)
The genes of these complex loci form functional genes through the process of recombination, giving rise to a repertoire of heterodimeric receptors of incredible diversity. (bvsalud.org)

Cytosine modifications directly affect the positioning of nucleosomes (the first level of chromatin organization into chromosome involving the DNA chain wound around a core of 8 histone proteins), and recruit chromatin-modifying complexes that modify histones. (i-sis.org.uk)
Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins consisting of four polypeptides with at least two binding sites for a specific antigen. (openstax.org)
Two genes encoding putative internalin proteins were chosen for further study. (omictools.com)

Martin F. Flajnik focuses on Genetics, Molecular biology, Acquired immune system, Antibody and Nurse shark. (research.com)
His primary areas of investigation include Genetics, Gene, Major histocompatibility complex, Molecular biology and Nurse shark. (research.com)
This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)
For AP ® , you do not need to know the different classes of antibodies or the molecular structure of a specific antibody. (openstax.org)

A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
cells are activated by interaction with antigens and obtain T indicated that the cell lines representing a defined cell help, they mature into terminally differentiated plasma stage generally presented a high similarity in over- cells secreting large amounts of antibodies [10 -12]. (lu.se)
When antibodies bind antigens, they can neutralize pathogens, mark them for phagocytosis, or activate the complement cascade. (openstax.org)
Iron nanoparticles are conjugated with two types of antibodies (one against antigens on therapeutic cells and the other directed at injured cells) to produce magnetic bifunctional cell engager (MagBICE). (regenerativemedicine.net)

Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. (lookformedical.com)
A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small cleaved cells. (lookformedical.com)
A classification of B-lymphocytes based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells. (lookformedical.com)
immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)
B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)
In addition, the generation of two GFP mutants with distinct excitation optima allows for detection of two distinct GFP genes within single cells. (umassmed.edu)
Correction: Nasopharyngeal Exposure to Streptococcus pneumoniae Induces Extended Age-Dependent Protection against Pulmonary Infection Mediated by Antibodies and CD138+ Cells. (umassmed.edu)
These isotype-switched CLL B cells expressed surface HLA-DR, CD19, CD23, and CD5, and displayed no alterations of the bcl-1 and bcl-2 oncogenes and the p53 tumor-suppressor gene. (omicsdi.org)
The cDNA VH-D-JH gene sequence was joined with that of the C alpha gene in the B cells of the three IgA CLLs, and with that of the C gamma gene in the IgG CLL B cells. (omicsdi.org)
In the IgA/IgG-coexpressing CLL B cells, identical VH-D-JH cDNA sequences were spliced to either C alpha or C gamma genes. (omicsdi.org)
These findings suggest that IgA- and/or IgG-expressing CLLs represent, in their VH gene structure, transformants of B cells at different stages of ontogeny. (omicsdi.org)
They also suggest that Ag may play a role in the clonal selection of some of these isotype-switched leukemic cells, but bcl-1 and bcl-2 oncogene rearrangements and p53 tumor suppressor gene mutation are not associated with the pathogenesis of isotype-switched CLLs. (omicsdi.org)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) usually involves the expansion of a clone of CD5+ B cells synthesizing IgM antibodies. (omicsdi.org)
To test the hypothesis that in vivo isotype class switching occurs in IgM+ B-type CLL cells, we analyzed the PBMC of 19 CLL patients for the presence of transcripts encoding the rearranged CLL V(H)DJ(H) associated with either gamma or alpha H chains. (omicsdi.org)
Lack of intraclonal diversification in Ig heavy and light chain V region genes expressed by CD5+IgM+ chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells: a multiple time point analysis. (omicsdi.org)
We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
In germ-line B cells, the variable region of the light chain gene has 40 variable (V) and five joining (J) segments. (openstax.org)
antibodies that are secreted by B cells. (what-when-how.com)
IgAD is commonly associated with normal B lymphocytes in peripheral blood, normal CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and, usually, normal neutrophil and lymphocyte counts. (medscape.com)
To generate a large number of unselected mutations, we immunized B1-8 H chain transgenic mice with nitrophenyl to stimulate nitrophenyl-specific λ + germinal center B cells and sequenced the unexpressed κ L chains using next-generation methods. (aai.org)
The antibodies link the therapeutic cells to the injured cells, whereas the iron core of MagBICE enables physical enrichment and imaging. (regenerativemedicine.net)
We treat acute myocardial infarction by targeting exogenous bone marrow-derived stem cells (expressing CD45) or endogenous CD34-positive cells to injured cardiomyocytes (expressing myosin light chain. (regenerativemedicine.net)

We suggest that this avoidance of autoimmunity is only achieved through a coordination of evolution between heavy- and light-chain genes, and between these genes and the rest of the genome. (bvsalud.org)
Gene landscape and correlation between B-cell infiltration and programmed death ligand 1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas data set. (cancer-genetics.org)
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LUAD data set was used to explore associations among B-cell infiltration, PD-L1 expression, clinical outcome, and gene landscape. (cancer-genetics.org)
Summary: Comparative genomics remains a pivotal strategy to study the evolution of gene organization, and this primacy is reinforced by the growing number of full genome sequences available in public repositories. (omictools.com)
Genome-wide transcript analysis showed that B. anthracis undergoes considerable changes in gene expression during growth in iron-depleted media, including the regulation of known and candidate virulence factors. (omictools.com)

A group of malignant lymphomas thought to derive from peripheral T-lymphocytes in lymph nodes and other nonlymphoid sites. (lookformedical.com)

A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin. (lookformedical.com)

His Gene and Vertebrate investigations are all subjects of Genetics research. (research.com)

His Nurse shark research incorporates themes from Somatic hypermutation, J chain, Exon, Sequence analysis and T-cell receptor. (research.com)
In adaptive immune receptor repertoire analysis, determining the germline variable (V) allele associated with each T- and B-cell receptor sequence is a crucial step. (bvsalud.org)
High-quality analysis of adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing data depends upon accurate and relatively complete germline sets, but current sets are known to be incomplete. (bvsalud.org)
Established processes for the review and systematic naming of receptor germline genes and alleles require specific evidence and data types, but the discovery landscape is rapidly changing. (bvsalud.org)
B cell receptor light chain repertoires show signs of selection with differences between groups of healthy individuals and SLE patients. (uchicago.edu)
Characterization of the receptor for the transmembrane activator and calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI), encoded by the gene TNFRSF13B ( tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13B), suggests that people with the C104, A181E, and ins204A variants may be at risk for IgAD that progresses to CVID. (medscape.com)

Figure 33.22 (a) As a germ-line B cell matures, an enzyme called DNA recombinase randomly excises V and J segments from the light chain gene. (openstax.org)

Bonds between the cysteine amino acids in the antibody molecule attach the polypeptides to each other. (openstax.org)

His study looks at the relationship between Antibody and topics such as Antigen, which overlap with Complementarity determining region, Biochemistry, Mutation, Ontogeny and Germline. (research.com)

An antibody molecule is comprised of four polypeptides: two identical heavy chains (large peptide units) that are partially bound to each other in a "Y" formation, which are flanked by two identical light chains (small peptide units), as illustrated in Figure 33.22 . (openstax.org)
Ig gene-like molecule CD31 plays a nonredundant role in the regulation of T-cell immunity and tolerance. (uchicago.edu)

Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation. (lookformedical.com)
Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)
the gene expression profile during B lymphoid differentiation. (lu.se)
The occurrence of switching without the accumulation of V gene mutations indicates that the processes of differentiation and diversification are not linked. (omicsdi.org)
Deletion mapping demonstrated single copy loss of a contiguous 1p36 terminal region encompassing many important neurodevelopmental genes, among them four HES genes implicated in regulating neural stem cell differentiation, and TP73 , a monoallelically expressed gene. (biomedcentral.com)

In all other class-switched CLLs, the Ig VH segment gene was mutated, but the point mutations were not associated with intraclonal diversification. (omicsdi.org)

The areas where the antigen is recognized on the antibody are variable domains. (openstax.org)
What is important to understand is that antibodies are antigen-specific. (openstax.org)

Subsequently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods and high-throughput sequencing have allowed us to detect smaller discrete mutations in DNA that do not involve changes in large portions of the chromosome. (veteriankey.com)

These incompatibilities occur when gene divergence affects loci encoding interacting products such as receptors and their ligands. (bvsalud.org)

Alicia rabbits provide an excellent model to investigate the relationship between GALT, intestinal microflora, and modulation of the antibody repertoire. (silverchair.com)
Aligning sequences, assigning them to specific germline alleles, and inferring individual genotypes are challenging when the repertoire is highly mutated, or sequence reads do not cover the whole V region. (bvsalud.org)

These switched transcripts do not reveal evidence for the accumulation of significant numbers of new V(H) gene mutations. (omicsdi.org)

An enzyme called DNA recombinase randomly excises most of these segments out of the gene, and splices one V segment to one J segment. (openstax.org)
The heavy chain germline genes have an additional segment D (diversity). (uchicago.edu)

Reproductive isolation drives the formation of new species, and many genes contribute to this through Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities (DMIs). (bvsalud.org)
However, we observed species- and chain-specific targeting patterns, demonstrating the need for multiple SHM targeting models. (aai.org)

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are related to positive clinical prognoses in numerous cancer types. (cancer-genetics.org)

The completed genes are created when the segments are shuffled and assembled (B-LYMPHOCYTE GENE REARRANGEMENT) during B-LYMPHOCYTE maturation. (uchicago.edu)
The gene segments of the human light and heavy chain germline genes are symbolized V (variable), J (joining) and C (constant). (uchicago.edu)

Small deletions and insertions in genes, as well as single nucleotide changes, are now routinely detected. (veteriankey.com)

His study in Major histocompatibility complex is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Evolutionary biology, Gene duplication, Lymphocyte and Proteasome. (research.com)

A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)

However, genes expressed early in development may preferentially retain histones. (i-sis.org.uk)
Mammals start generating B lymphocytes during fetal development and continue to do so throughout life. (umassmed.edu)
My lab is interested in what controls the initiation of antibody gene rearrangement during B cell development. (umassmed.edu)

Antibodies occur in the blood, in gastric and mucus secretions, and in breast milk, thus providing passive immunity to the infant. (openstax.org)

What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancer-genetics.org)

The scientist's investigation covers issues in Acquired immune system, Nurse shark, Gene, Genetics and Major histocompatibility complex. (research.com)
Acquired immune system, Evolutionary biology, Genetics, Nurse shark and Antibody are his primary areas of study. (research.com)
Because secreted antibodies can remain in the circulation for many years, secondary exposure to a pathogen results in a faster immune response. (openstax.org)

The protein encoded by this gene represents the beta subunit and is a type I membrane protein. (cancer-genetics.org)

Without coordinated evolution, the hybrid offspring of two diverging populations will carry a heavy burden of DMIs, resulting in a loss of fitness. (bvsalud.org)

2) We have discovered a group of oncoproteins that are implicated in long-term maintenance of gene expression through their effects on the state of chromatin. (stanford.edu)

Indeed, for sever- with histopathological findings and ulin heavy chain promoter/enhancer. (who.int)

What does this gene/protein do? (cancer-genetics.org)

Here we outline the current issues and opportunities for the curation of germline IG/TR genes and present a forward-looking data model for building out more robust germline sets that can dovetail with current established processes. (bvsalud.org)

Soon after fertilization, the vast majority of methylcytosine in sperm is converted by the Tet3 enzyme to hydroxymethylcytosine that gets lost by dilution during replication, effectively erasing cytosine methylation patterns except for a subset that is maintained, including those of some imprinted genes. (i-sis.org.uk)
tures and gene expression patterns. (lu.se)

Our results suggest that brain and spinal malformations in monosomy 1p36 may be more extensive than previously recognized, and may depend on the parental origin of deleted genes. (biomedcentral.com)

This hypothesis was conceived in the light of recent insights into the population genetics of IG genes. (bvsalud.org)

As a result, each differentiated B cell in the human body typically has a unique variable chain. (openstax.org)

Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancer-genetics.org)

The constant domain, which does not bind antibody, is the same for all antibodies. (openstax.org)

What is the basic structure of an antibody, and what are the functions of antibodies? (openstax.org)

Anatomy35

Organisms9

Diseases25

Chemicals and Drugs88

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes80

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Immunoglobulin16

Humoral2

Recombination5

Proteins4

Molecular4

Antigens4

Cells22

Genome5

Peripheral1

Stages of differentiation1

Vertebrate1

Receptor6

Germ-line1

Amino acids1

Mutation1

Molecule2

Differentiation5

Diversification1

Antigen2

Chromosome1

Loci1

Repertoire2

Mutations1

Segment2

Species2

Tumor1

Segments2

Deletions1

Duplication1

Lymphoid1

Development3

Occur1

Pathways1

Immune3

Represents1

Populations1

Chromatin1

Findings1

Protein1

Processes1

Patterns2

Origin1

Light1

Human1

Expression profiles1

Constant1

Structure1