Germ cells stem cell trans transplanted. Medical search. Frequent questions

Three basic categories of cells make up the mammalian body: germ cells, somatic cells, and stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are pivotal for maintaining the lifelong sperm production of mammalian males. (cyberleninka.org)
Intermediate filaments (IFs) are major components of the mammalian cytoskeleton and expressed in cell-type-specific patterns. (biomedcentral.com)

Cellular differentiation is the process in which a stem cell changes from one type to a differentiated one. (wikipedia.org)
Differentiation happens multiple times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. (wikipedia.org)
However, metabolic composition does get altered quite dramatically where stem cells are characterized by abundant metabolites with highly unsaturated structures whose levels decrease upon differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
During terminal differentiation, a precursor cell formerly capable of cell division permanently leaves the cell cycle, dismantles the cell cycle machinery and often expresses a range of genes characteristic of the cell's final function (e.g. myosin and actin for a muscle cell). (wikipedia.org)
Differentiation may continue to occur after terminal differentiation if the capacity and functions of the cell undergo further changes. (wikipedia.org)
In vivo differentiation to cells from all three germlines was tested using a teratoma assay. (biomedcentral.com)
In vitro differentiation of GS-2 iPSCs into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells was done using Op9 feeder layers and specified media. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentiation capacity into cells from all three germ layers was confirmed using the teratoma assay. (biomedcentral.com)
In this Review, we briefly outline the roles that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone play in regulating spermatogenesis and describe our current understanding of how vitamin A regulates germ cell differentiation and how it may lead to the generation of both the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium and the spermatogenic wave. (jci.org)
and the unique differentiation of haploid cells (spermiogenesis) (Figure 1 ). (jci.org)
Here we show the differentiation of patient specific iPSCs derived from a patient with SFTPB deficiency into lung organoids with mesenchymal and epithelial cell populations from both the proximal and distal portions of the human lung. (nature.com)
After differentiating the mutant and corrected cells into lung organoids, we show expression of SFTPB mRNA during endodermal and organoid differentiation but the protein product only after organoid differentiation. (nature.com)
Although many differentiation protocols in the literature have been successful in mimicking lung development from stem cells, there has not been an examination of how a specific mutation impacts the differentiation process including its effects on the early endoderm, as well as the proximal and distal lung epithelial cell populations in the lung organoids. (nature.com)
Differentiation of autologous iPSC into terminally differentiated ß-like cells requires further metabolic adaptation. (bvsalud.org)
The present invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells. (justia.com)
In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)
The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)
Differentiation of stem cells is known be triggered by various growth factors and regulatory molecules. (justia.com)
During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
These conditions include growing the cells to high or low density, changing media, introducing or removing cytokines, hormones and growth factors, creating an environment which suits differentiation toward a specific cell type, such as providing a suitable substrate. (justia.com)
Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)
However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
Therefore there remains a need for providing effective methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types, such as myocytes or endothelial cells. (justia.com)
culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
Here, we explore the evolution of reprogramming and directed differentiation approaches within the context of hepatocyte to β-cell transdifferentiation focussing on how the introduction of new techniques has improved our ability to generate β-cells. (silverchair.com)
Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)
Morphological changes during cell differentiation are linked to IF network remodeling. (biomedcentral.com)
However, little is known concerning the presence and the role of IFs in embryonic stem (ES) cells and during their differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
We have examined the expression profile of synemin isoforms in mouse pluripotent ES cells and during their neural differentiation induced by retinoic acid. (biomedcentral.com)

In order to address the limits associated with current therapies, many research groups have investigated various regenerative medicine strategies utilizing different stem cell sources to engineer artificial salivary tissues that can mitigate the effects of xerostomia and hyposalivation. (biomedcentral.com)
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have great potential for regenerative medicine and gene therapy. (stemcell.com)
The use of cell therapy for vascular regeneration offers an exciting new prospect in regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
Ramalingam, M. Surface functionalization of nanobiomaterials for application in stem cell culture, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. (benthamscience.com)

To take human organ generation via BC and transplantation to the next step, we reviewed current emerging organ generation technologies and the associated efficiency of chimera formation in human cells from the standpoint of developmental biology. (frontiersin.org)
The Rosa26-targeted GS cells differentiated into fertility-competent sperm following transplantation. (cyberleninka.org)
On the other hand, Stra8-targeted GS cells showed defective spermatogenesis following transplantation, confirming its prime role in the initiation of meiosis. (cyberleninka.org)
Furthermore, the functionality of feeder-free cultured SSCs was confirmed by their transplantation into germ cell-depleted mice. (molcells.org)
The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)

Alveolar type II (ATII) epithelial cells synthesize, secrete and recycle all components of surfactant and dysfunction in surfactant metabolism can result in a variety of pediatric lung diseases including respiratory distress syndrome and interstitial lung disease 3 . (nature.com)
EMT is a process in which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and cell-cell adhesion, and gain migratory and invasive properties, becoming mesenchymal cells [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. (lookformedical.com)
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. (lookformedical.com)
It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. (lookformedical.com)
A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (lookformedical.com)

Among dividing cells, there are multiple levels of cell potency, which is the cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types. (wikipedia.org)
A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. (wikipedia.org)
A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. (wikipedia.org)
A multipotent cell is one that can differentiate into multiple different, but closely related cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Oligopotent cells are more restricted than multipotent, but can still differentiate into a few closely related cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Finally, unipotent cells can differentiate into only one cell type, but are capable of self-renewal. (wikipedia.org)
Cells differentiate to specialize for different functions. (wikipedia.org)
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) express genes associated with pluripotency, have the capacity for infinite expansion, and can differentiate into cells from all three germ layers. (biomedcentral.com)
GS-2 iPSCs showed the capacity to differentiate into cells of the hematopoietic lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
therefore, they can differentiate into any type of cell such as nerve cells. (bvsalud.org)
Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
Stem cells differentiate into different types of cells, such as neural, hematopoietic, adipose, etc. and are used for the treatment of various conditions like myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease and diabetes. (benthamscience.com)

Bone marrow failure can be either inherited or acquired and can involve a single hematopoietic stem cell line or all three cell lines. (medscape.com)

SSCs can be isolated from the testis and cultured in vitro for longterm periods in the presence of feeder cells (often mouse embryonic fibroblasts). (molcells.org)
When primary SSCs are derived from the testis and proliferated in vitro , mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) are the most commonly used feeder cells that play a role of such microniche by allowing secure attachment and proliferation of SSCs. (molcells.org)

Surfactant is produced by alveolar type II cells which can be differentiated in vitro from patient specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived lung organoids. (nature.com)
Although remarkable progress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell therapies has been made, very little is known about the role of mitochondria and the mechanisms involved in somatic cell reprogramming into iPSC and directed reprogramming of iPSCs in terminally differentiated cells. (bvsalud.org)

How can we specifically generate either arterial or venous endothelial cells (ECs) from hPSCs in vitro? (bvsalud.org)
Analysis of supporting stromal cells within the tumor environment demonstrates vascular remodeling within the endothelial cells. (pklab.org)
In particular, we focus on the therapeutic potential of endothelial progenitor cells as an exciting new option for the treatment of ischaemic diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

Conclusion: For the protection of stem cells against apoptosis, different pathways, namely Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K/AKT), Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF1), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) and Hippo, are discussed. (benthamscience.com)
Tumors develop when the normal regulation of the balance between cell proliferation (mitosis) and programmed cell death (apoptosis) is lost. (doctorlib.info)
The protein products of tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, and tells when to undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death). (doctorlib.info)
The TP53 gene is also capable of stimulating apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)
TP53 activates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation (p21), and MDM2. (medscape.com)

Undifferentiated spermatogonia divide mitotically to both repopulate the testicular stem cell population and provide progenitor cells that undergo spermatogenesis. (jci.org)
and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), seen in choriocarcinoma testicular germ cell neoplasms. (doctorlib.info)

In the present study, we tested TALEN and double-nicking CRISPR/Cas9 on GS cells, targeting Rosa26 and Stra8 loci as representative genes dispensable and indispensable in spermatogenesis, respectively. (cyberleninka.org)
In fact, this was shown to be possible by the transfection of genes into GS cells (Kanatsu-Shinohara et al. (cyberleninka.org)
explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)
These genes are deleted or inactivated in cancer cells, allowing unregulated proliferation. (doctorlib.info)
P53 is a tumor suppressor gene that codes for a transcription factor that regulates the expression of other genes and arrests the cell cycle. (doctorlib.info)
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products normally provide negative control of cell proliferation, contributes to malignant transformation in various cell types. (medscape.com)
Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)

Although the cultured SSCs, named germline stem (GS) cells, are targets of genome modification, this process remains technically difficult. (cyberleninka.org)
The cultured SSCs, named germline stem (GS) cells, are now useful in research on various aspects of spermatogenesis. (cyberleninka.org)
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs, also called germline stem cells) are self-renewing unipotent stem cells that produce differentiating germ cells in the testis. (molcells.org)
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), also called germline stem cells, are unipotent precursor cells that self-renew and contribute to spermatogenesis in the testis. (molcells.org)

Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell and dynamically control fundamental biological processes including cell reprogramming, pluripotency, and lineage specification. (bvsalud.org)
Our findings provide biological insights into the interplay between tumor cells and the ccRCC microenvironment. (pklab.org)
The correct cell must be chosen for its phenotype, cell characteristics and biological functions. (biomedcentral.com)
The biological properties and clinical potential of stem cells elicit that are generated must not be unduly sensitive to small fluctu- continued scientific, commercial, and public interest. (lu.se)

Gene therapy has been utilized successfully to repair or inactivate mutations in animal models of monogenic human diseases 19 as well as human in vitro cells 12 . (nature.com)
Although several in vitro SSC culture systems without feeder cells have been previously described, our Matrigel-based feeder-free culture system is time- and cost- effective, and preserves self-renewability of SSCs. (molcells.org)
Established SSCs are useful stem cell lines that allow not only to study basic reproductive biology but also to develop an in vitro model for applications in assisted reproductive medicine. (molcells.org)
Owing to their manifold roles in health and disease, there have been intense efforts to synthetically generate blood vessels in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). (bvsalud.org)
Because stromal cells can modulate the functionality of myeloid cells in vitro, targeting stromal-myeloid interactions has become an attractive potential therapeutic strategy. (pklab.org)

MEFs used as feeder cells may also secrete certain components into the media that support SSC proliferation. (molcells.org)
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer in which uncontrolled plasma cell proliferation disrupts the bone marrow environment and impairs immune function. (hrb.ie)

P-gp belongs to a group of phosphorylated glycoproteins that function in the cell membrane as efflux pumps. (ashpublications.org)
A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane. (lookformedical.com)

The chimeric virus can also have a reduced transduction capability with respect to one or more cells or tissues (e.g., liver), which can be desirable in terms of targeting the vector to the target tissue of interest and reducing dosage of vector to be administered. (justia.com)
The general underlying strategy behind the development of tissue engineered organ substitutes is the utilization of a combination of cells, biomaterials, and biochemical cues intended to recreate the natural organ environment. (biomedcentral.com)
The purpose of this review is to highlight current bioengineering approaches for salivary gland tissue engineering and the adult stem cell sources used for this purpose. (biomedcentral.com)
This article is intended to provide a review of the most current approaches to utilizing stem cells and bioengineering principles for the purpose of salivary tissue regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a distinct group of cells within cancerous tissue that possess the ability to initiate tumorigenesis and exhibit potency, self-renewal, and drug resistance. (bmrat.org)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
We provide a comprehensive immune cell landscape and characterize cell-state changes from normal tissue to NB. (pklab.org)
In contrast to adult cancers and previous NB studies, we show an increase in inflammatory monocyte cell state when contrasting normal and tumor tissue, while no differences in cytotoxicity and exhaustion score for T cells, nor in Treg activity, are observed. (pklab.org)
If the underlying ischaemia is not sufficiently resolved it can lead to tissue damage, with subsequent cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
This review will examine the clinical potential of several stem and progenitor cells that may be utilised to regenerate defunct or damaged vasculature and restore blood flow to the ischaemic tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
This leads to hypoxia and tissue damage as a consequence of the build up of waste metabolites and may result in cell death [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells for vascular therapy must be able to home to ischaemic or damaged tissue and engage in vessel formation alone or in unison with resident vasculature to achieve a controlled and functional reperfusion event, without causing pathological angiogenesis (for example, proliferative retinopathy in the vitreous of the eye). (biomedcentral.com)
A cell therapy approach should be aimed at promoting revascularisation of ischaemic tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
There is a therapeutic window in which to deliver the cells, to avoid extensive tissue damage, fibrosis and necrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Background: Stem cells are of two types: embryonic and adult stem cells and they act as a repair system by replenishing body tissue. (benthamscience.com)
Discussion: Activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway decreases the concentration of apoptotic factors, while the HIF pathway protects stem cells against the micro-environment of tissue (hypoxia). (benthamscience.com)
If there are intact cells in this tissue they have been 'stored' frozen. (wikiquote.org)
It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. (lookformedical.com)

Harvested GS cell colonies showed a high targeting efficiency with both TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9. (cyberleninka.org)
We consider how, over the last 20 years, advances in genetic engineering and cell culture techniques have improved the efficiency and efficacy of the transdifferentiation process and brought us closer to a clinically relevant therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D). (silverchair.com)
The efficiency of transplanted stem cells reduces due to conditions like hypoxia, inflammation, nutrient deprivation, immunogenicity, extracellular matrix loss on delivery and mechanical stress. (benthamscience.com)
Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)

All GS-2 iPSC clones displayed a normal karyotype (46XX or 46XY) and were shown to express the same RAB27A gene mutation that was present in the original somatic donor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Especially in cases where sufficient cells cannot be obtained due to the rarity of the disorder, iPSC models have shown great potential in providing research material to develop new treatments or diagnostics, but also to study the pathophysiology of the diseases [ 10 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The structure, regulation, and cell types of the mouse testis. (jci.org)
In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)
Our study shows a developmental stage specific regulation of synemin isoforms in ES cells and its neural derivatives. (biomedcentral.com)
The different expression of isoforms H, M and L of synemin in the nervous system raises several questions about the regulation of synemin gene expression during the determination of glial and neuronal cell lineages in the central and the peripheral nervous system (CNS and PNS). (biomedcentral.com)
This selectivity suggests that the commitment of CNS precursor cells to form glia or neuron involves the direct regulation of the single synemin gene. (biomedcentral.com)
Aifantis, I. Regulation of stem cell function by protein ubiquitylation. (benthamscience.com)

Finally, one should consider cell choice, a critical aspect of any cell therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
This cell type conversion potentially represents a novel therapy in T1D treatment. (silverchair.com)
Shende, P. Role of liposome-based stem cells for multimodal cancer therapy. (benthamscience.com)
In Section II, Dr. James Griffin reviews the mechanisms that lead to activation of tyrosine kinases by mutations in AML, the consequences of that activation for the cell, and the opportunities for targeted therapy and discusses some examples of developing novel drugs (tyrosine kinase inhibitors) and their effectiveness in AML (FLT3). (ashpublications.org)
To produce a cure, therapy must continue until the final tumor cell has been eradicated. (doctorlib.info)

Our in vivo analysis also confirmed the expression of synemins H/M in multipotent neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of the adult brain, a neurogenic germinal niche of the mice. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings represent the first evidence that synemins could potentially be useful markers for distinguishing multipotent ES cells from undifferentiated neural stem cells and more committed progenitor cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Analysis of 22 tumor samples, including multiple myeloma, gastric, breast and thyroid cancers, shows that Numbat can reconstruct the tumor copy number profile and precisely identify malignant cells in the tumor microenvironment. (pklab.org)
Increasingly, complimentary cell culture techniques, which recapitulate the developmental microenvironment, are employed to coax cells to adopt new identities by indirectly regulating transcription factor activity via intracellular signalling pathways. (silverchair.com)

After the initial chemo (takes about a month to do and recover) they do a BMB (bone marrow biopsy) to make sure there are no blasts in his white cells. (cancer.org)
A BMT (bone marrow transplant) is kind of a last resort if the chemo does not work. (cancer.org)
Bone marrow transplants are a really good option, and he should start talking to his doc immediately about whether or not that option is right for him. (cancer.org)
After each round, my daughter would have a bone marrow biopsy and a lumbar puncture to determine if there were any cancer cells left in the bone marrow or spinal fluid. (cancer.org)
These diseases are intrinsic disorders of the bone marrow involving disruption in the homeostasis and function of hematopoietic stem cells, resulting in inadequate production of either a single or multiple cell lines (erythroid for red cells, myeloid for white blood cells, megakaryocytic for platelets). (medscape.com)
This bone marrow film at 400X magnification demonstrates a complete absence of hemopoietic cells. (medscape.com)
Sci-en-tists have used DNA from a fin-ger bone to de-code an an-cient ge-nome. (world-science.net)

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of tumor cells from the primary tumors reveals a distinct transcriptional signature that is predictive of metastatic potential and patient survival. (pklab.org)
Signaling pathways that are activated by intrinsic or extrinsic stimulation converge on the transcriptional factors and regulate phenotypic changes of cancer cells [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular identity is determined by the transcriptional profile which comprises the subset of mRNAs, and therefore proteins, being expressed by a cell at a given point in time. (silverchair.com)
Melton, D.A. "Stemness": Transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells. (benthamscience.com)

From this point forward, the steps and cell types of spermatogenesis are conserved between mice and humans. (jci.org)

We confirmed that the feeder-free cultured SSCs expressed germ cell markers both at the mRNA and protein levels. (molcells.org)
During cancer progression, some tumor cells acquire new characteristics, such as over-expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and undergo profound morphogenetic changes. (biomedcentral.com)

Virally induced expression of four transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4 (Yamanaka factors) is sufficient to create pluripotent (iPS) cells from adult fibroblasts. (wikipedia.org)
2008). Historically, this concept is highlighted by the experi- factors are key intrinsic regulators of these fate decisions and mental phenomenon of lineage reprogramming, for example, that fate choice involves modulating networks of transcription by the conversion of fibroblasts to muscles cells following trans- factors. (lu.se)

C ) Expansion of both the undifferentiated (A spermatogonia) and differentiated (A1 spermatogonia) spermatogonial populations occurs by mitosis of these cell types, regulated in part by FSH. (jci.org)
Summary Mouse spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) can be cultured for multiplication and maintained for long periods while preserving their spermatogenic ability. (cyberleninka.org)

Pluripotent stem cells undergo further specialization into multipotent progenitor cells that then give rise to functional cells. (wikipedia.org)

Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)

Rather, the issues that so beguiled pioneering developmental biologists have now become crucial to the understanding of such disparate fields as cancer biology, cloning and stem cell totipotency. (silverchair.com)
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. (pklab.org)
Conventionally, lung cancers have been divided into non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). (biomedcentral.com)
It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA . (lookformedical.com)

Carcinoma squamous cell. (lookformedical.com)
An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm. (lookformedical.com)

In particular embodiments, the chimeric viruses of the invention have enhanced transduction capability (e.g., transduction of skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, glial cells, astrocytes, liver, retina and/or lung, etc.), enhanced levels of transgene expression and/or earlier onset of transgene expression. (justia.com)

In vascular medicine, various stem cells and adult progenitors have been highlighted as having a vasoreparative role in ischaemic tissues. (biomedcentral.com)

Bach, E.A. JAK/STAT signaling in stem cells and regeneration: From drosophila to vertebrates. (benthamscience.com)

We aimed to investigate how human liver stromal cells impact myeloid cell properties and to understand the utility of a stromal-myeloid coculture system to study these interactions in the context of cirrhosis. (pklab.org)
Yang, Stinson J, Belsky MR. Live-related liver donation: Involving partial resection from donor and trans- plantation of the resected portion into the recipient. (binaryoptiontradingscam.com)
however, the drawback of this approach is that this may result in cells localising to non-target organs such as the liver, kidneys, spleen and lung. (biomedcentral.com)
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. (lookformedical.com)

The cells of the inner cell mass go on to form virtually all of the tissues of the human body. (wikipedia.org)
These properties include lack of pathogenicity and pathology, ease of preparation and purification, long term expression in many tissues including the muscle, and lack of a detrimental cell-mediated immune response. (justia.com)
The most obvious of the recurrent concepts to emerge from the meeting was the central role that similar inductive cues play across a variety of organisms and tissues in specifying cell fate. (silverchair.com)
The evaluation of the most suitable timing of cell delivery as well as the number of cells needed to integrate into resident vasculature and promote revascularisation of specific tissues requires careful optimisation and evaluation. (biomedcentral.com)

A single migratory somatic cell termed the distal tip cell (DTC),which is positioned at the tip of each arm, acts as a specialised signalling centre to control the development and the shape of the gonad through a series of inductive events. (silverchair.com)

TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9, when applied in GS cells, will be valuable tools in the study of spermatogenesis and for revealing the genetic mechanism of spermatogenic failure. (cyberleninka.org)
2004). In order to make GS cells more widely applicable for the study of spermatogenesis at the genetic and molecular levels, it is desirable to be able to modify their genome without disturbing their spermato-genic ability. (cyberleninka.org)
Also, since these cells are obtained from the reprogramming of somatic cells in the patient's body, they maintain the patient's genetic content, which can play an important role in increasing the quality of disease modeling and the validity of the results of laboratory studies. (bvsalud.org)
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has the potential to investigate both genetic and nongenetic sources of tumor heterogeneity in a single assay. (pklab.org)

Tumor initiation is the process by which normal cells are changed so that they are able to form tumors. (doctorlib.info)
thus, tumors with a high cell turnover are most susceptible (certain leukemias and lymphomas, small proliferating tumors, "recruited" tumor cells, and micrometastases). (doctorlib.info)

Using RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunostaining, we show that synemin M is present at both mRNA and protein levels in undifferentiated ES cells as early as pluripotency factor Oct-3/4 and IF keratin 8. (biomedcentral.com)

Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS-2) is a rare, autosomal recessive immune deficiency syndrome caused by a mutation in the RAB27A gene, which results in the absence of a protein involved in vesicle trafficking and consequent loss of function of in particular cytotoxic T and NK cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)
In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)
For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)

Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome. (wikipedia.org)

In 2017, approximately 114,000 patients in the United States waited for an organ transplant ( Sykes and Sachs, 2019 ). (frontiersin.org)
Stem Cell Rev. Rep. , 2019 , 16 (1), 103-117. (benthamscience.com)

It has been suggested that synemin could function as a linker between different cytoskeletal components based on the fact that it interacts with several proteins involved in the organization of the costameres, neuromuscular and myotendinous junctions within striated muscle cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The mutant proteins coded by oncogenes (oncoproteins) are overactive and allow cells to proliferate when they should not. (doctorlib.info)

Depending on your friends c-kit test (positive is good) chromosome trans-locations ( 8,21 is good) and fish test (positive is good) chemo might be better then a BMT. (cancer.org)

Background & aims: Myeloid cells are key regulators of cirrhosis, a major cause of mortality worldwide. (pklab.org)

The nature of the stem cell substates and their relationship to commitment to differ- entiate and lineage selection can be elucidated in terms of a landscape picture in which stable states can be defined mathematically as attractors. (lu.se)
This requirement strongly limits the number of solutions or entiation and lineage-specification, programmed cell death, and ``states'' for the system. (lu.se)

Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)

Presently, in the United States, another person is added to an organ transplant list every 10 min, 17 people die each day while waiting for donor organs, and approximately 105,800 patients are waitlisted for an organ transplant according to the health resources and services administration (HRSA). (frontiersin.org)
However, though BC is emerging as a potential organ transplant option, challenges regarding organ size scalability, immune system incompatibilities, long-term maintenance, potential evolutionary distance, or unveiled mechanisms between donor and host cells remain. (frontiersin.org)

However, the delivery of the correct cell type to the precise area of injury or vascular insufficiency is difficult and many factors need to be considered. (biomedcentral.com)

We also show the presence of normal lamellar bodies and the secretion of surfactant into the cell culture medium in the organoids of lentiviral infected cells. (nature.com)
Infection of iPSCs with lentiviral inserts is a highly efficient process since stem cells grow quickly, remain undifferentiated in specific cell culture conditions and can establish fully infected clones within 2-3 passages. (nature.com)
Knocking down synemin in ES cells by shRNA lentiviral particles transduction has no influence on expression of Oct4, Nanog and SOX2, but decreased keratin 8 expression. (biomedcentral.com)

The present invention also provides methods of using the differentiated cells of the present invention for therapeutic purposes. (justia.com)
An in silico cell-to-cell interaction analysis highlights the CXCL9/CXCL10-CXCR3 axis and the CD70-CD27 axis as potential therapeutic targets. (pklab.org)
Recently, there has been growing interest in the therapeutic potential of using a cell-based approach to treat vasodegenerative disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
A better understanding of the levers governing transcription factor activity benefits our ability to generate therapeutic cell types at will. (silverchair.com)

Anatomy56

Organisms21

Diseases19

Chemicals and Drugs54

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment48

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes58

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Mammalian3

Differentiation35

Regenerative medicine4

Transplantation6

Epithelial cells6

Differentiate12

Hematopoietic stem1

Mouse embryonic2

Pluripotent stem2

Endothelial3

Apoptosis5

Testicular2

Genes8

Germline4

Biological4

Vitro5

Proliferation2

Membrane2

Tissue19

Efficiency4

IPSC2

Regulation6

Therapy5

Neural2

Microenvironment2

Bone7

Transcriptional4

Mice1

Markers2

Fibroblasts2

Spermatogonial2

Undergo1

Populations1

Cancer4

Carcinoma2

Glial1

Progenitors1

Regeneration1

Liver4

Tissues4

Somatic cell1

Genetic4

Tumors2

MRNA1

Gene4

Characteristics1

20192

Proteins2

Chromosome1

Myeloid1

Lineage2

Molecular1

Donor2

Vascular1

Lentiviral3

Therapeutic4