ParthenogenesisTaraxacumApomixisRanunculaceaeRanunculusBoidaeWolbachiaDaphniaAntsReproductionDiploidyReproduction, AsexualRotiferaWaspsMicrosatellite RepeatsAphidsMeiosisOvumInsectsSex Determination AnalysisRickettsiaceaeSymbiosisOocytesFertilizationNuclear Transfer TechniquesSex Determination ProcessesSex RatioBiological EvolutionPolyploidyPhylogenyPloidies