This four-year project aimed to address these issues by completing the genetic mapping of the blackleg resistance gene Rlm11, incorporating Rlm11 from the winter-type B. rapa to a spring-type B. napus , and generating molecular markers linked to Rlm11. (canolacouncil.org)
This homozygous Rlm11 line named 'BR-11' was then used to generate inter-species ( B. napus x B. rapa ) mapping populations by crossing BR-11 to the double haploid, blackleg susceptible B. napus line Topas DH16516. (canolacouncil.org)
We have assessed whether the highly parallel Illumina GoldenGate® Genotyping Assay is suitable for the screening of a BAC library of the polyploid Brassica napus genome. (biomedcentral.com)
A multidimensional screening platform was developed for a Brassica napus BAC library which is composed of almost 83,000 clones. (biomedcentral.com)
Intragenomic and intergenomic SNPs were included in Illumina's GoldenGate® Genotyping Assay and both SNP classes were used successfully for screening of the multidimensional BAC pools of the Brassica napus library. (biomedcentral.com)
Illumina's GoldenGate® Genotyping Assay can be efficiently used for screening of multidimensional Brassica napus BAC pools. (biomedcentral.com)
Brassica napus (AACC) is an amphidiploid species that was formed by hybridization of two Brassica species that diverged approximately 4 million years ago, Brassica rapa (AA) and Brassica oleracea (CC) [ 10 , 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Taking the evolutionary history of the Brassica species into account, every single-copy gene in Arabidopsis thaliana should be present in three copies in the diploid Brassica species, in Brassica napus as much as six copies should be found. (biomedcentral.com)
A high-quality reference sequence for the Brassica napus genome is not yet available, thus studies of specific regions of the Brassica napus genome at sequence level have relied on the analysis of bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) or BAC contigs. (biomedcentral.com)
These studies showed that the A and C genomes in Brassica napus are very similar to those of the progenitors Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa , however small differences with respect to the content of genes and mobile elements were observed. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, studies in Brassica napus can draw on resources that have been assembled for the progenitor genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Brassica napus (genome constitution AACC) is a very suitable model system to analyze fixed heterosis and intergenomic dominance because artificial resynthesized lines can easily be developed from diploid parental species B. rapa (AA) and B. oleracea (CC). It is also possible to produce genotypes of the constitutions AAAC or ACCC. (uni-goettingen.de)
Populations of 150 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) each from crosses between the two B. rapa and the two B. oleracea lines and a population of 222 lines from a cross between the two resulting synthetic B. napus lines are developed. (uni-goettingen.de)
North American English) or swede (English English and some Commonwealth English) is a root vegetable, a form of Brassica napus (which also includes rapeseed). (wikipedia.org)
The amphiploid species Brassica napus (oilseed rape, Canola) is a globally important oil crop yielding food, biofuels and industrial compounds such as lubricants and surfactants. (biomedcentral.com)
Identification of the likely ancestors of each of the two genomes (designated A and C) found in B. napus would facilitate incorporation of novel alleles from the wider Brassica genepool in oilseed rape crop genetic improvement programmes. (biomedcentral.com)
Knowledge of the closest extant relatives of the genotypes involved in the initial formation of B. napus would also allow further investigation of the genetic factors required for the formation of a stable amphiploid and permit the more efficient creation of fully fertile re-synthesised B. napus . (biomedcentral.com)
This was based on a comprehensive sampling of the relevant genepools, including 83 accessions of A genome B. rapa L. (both wild and cultivated types), 94 accessions of B. napus and 181 accessions of C genome wild and cultivated B. oleracea L. and related species. (biomedcentral.com)
Whilst introgression of the B. napus chloroplast type in the wild and weedy B. rapa populations has been proposed by other studies, the presence of this haplotype within the two brocoletto accessions is unexplained. (biomedcentral.com)
The presence of multiple chloroplast haplotypes in B. napus and B. rapa accessions was not correlated with nuclear genetic diversity as determined by AFLPs, indicating that such accessions do not represent recent hybrids. (biomedcentral.com)
Whilst some chloroplast diversity observed within B. napus can be explained by introgression from inter-specific crosses made during crop improvement programmes, there is evidence that the original hybridisation event resulting in to B. napus occurred on more than one occasion, and involved different maternal genotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
Brassica napus (rapeseed, oilseed rape, Canola) is an oilseed crop of global economic significance. (biomedcentral.com)
Stem canker is a widespread disease of oilseed rape ( Brassica napus ), the main causal agent of which is Leptosphaeria maculans , a heterothallic ascomycete fungus. (biorxiv.org)
The aim of this project was (i) to analyze the effect of intergenomic dominance for different dosages of the A and C genome in tetraploids and triploids, and (ii) to perform a comparative mapping of QTL involved in fixed heterosis between the parental species B. rapa and B. oleracea and the allopolyploid. (uni-goettingen.de)
For the analysis of intergenomic dominance all possible crossings between the diploid and tetraploid homozygous parental lines and the resulting resynthesized rapeseed were performed for two different combinations of the A and C genome one B. rapa var oleifera and one B. oleracea var. (uni-goettingen.de)
The genetic materials for the comparative QTL mapping comprise two homozygous Brassica rapa lines (subspecies trilocularis and olifeira) and two homozygous Brassica oleracea var. (uni-goettingen.de)
Brassica napobrassica was first validly published by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work Species Plantarum as a variety of B. oleracea: B. oleracea var. (wikipedia.org)
The relationships between the six major cultivated Brassica species were originally described by U [ 2 ], who associated the diploid species B. rapa , B. oleracea and B. nigra L. with the amphiploids B. juncea L., B. carinata A. Br. (biomedcentral.com)
Genome5
however, the genome location of the gene and associated markers were unknown, and incorporation of Rlm11 from B. rapa is challenging and time-consuming for canola breeders. (canolacouncil.org)
DNA from 96 F2 lines was applied to the Brassica 60K Illumina single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping marker array and a genome scale SNP map was generated. (canolacouncil.org)
Microcollinearity studies revealed, however, that the triplicated genome segments that make up the diploid Brassica genomes have been subjected to many structural alterations, such as gene duplications, translocations, inversions, and especially frequently gene deletions. (biomedcentral.com)
The current methodology of marker-assisted selection relies upon the design and analysis of a large number of genomic markers, and requires that genotyping markers be designed for the isolation of both orthologous and paralogous genes present in the parental genomes to accurately discriminate the introgressed gene from the background genome [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The most prevalent haplotype (found in 79% of accessions) was not present within the C genome accessions but was found at low frequencies in B. rapa . (biomedcentral.com)
Cultivars3
Taken together, our data show that CJ treatment of a diverse sample of crop brassica cultivars can, as hypothesised, make the plants less suitable and less attractive for M. persicae aphids but more attractive to its key parasitoid, D. rapae . (globalplantcouncil.org)
Evidence can be seen for differential response between brassica cultivars from the volatile analysis. (globalplantcouncil.org)
In one experiment, three cultivars of Brassica rapa (Brassicaceae) were grown under high and low nitrogen levels to determine the effects of soil conditions on pollen production and attractiveness to bumble bees (Bombus impatiens). (paep.org)
Individual genotypes2
Interestingly, while the collective group of genotypes showed a positive trend for these pairings, some individual genotypes did not exhibit a similar correlation. (uwyo.edu)
With the numbers of analyses available it was also possible to examine the variation from seed to seed in individual genotypes. (regional.org.au)
Crop2
Brassica juncea is an economically important crop, including both oilseed and vegetable types. (mdpi.com)
His study in Cultivar is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Crop and Brassica rapa. (research.com)
Genes1
At the time of this project, 19 resistance (R) genes in Brassica have been identified (named as Rlm or LepR) that confer resistance to various isolates of L. maculans with matching Avirulence (Avr) genes. (canolacouncil.org)
Species2
Those favourable interactions between homoeologous loci should result in an increased performance of allopolyploids compared to their parental species, even in homozygous genotypes. (uni-goettingen.de)
Reduced representation methods, such as restriction association DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) and genotyping by sequencing (GBS) provide methods to genotype germplasm by first applying restriction enzymes to the obtained genomic DNA, followed by library construction and sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
Populations1
Nous développons des modèles mathématiques en génétique quantitative, dynamique des populations, dynamique adaptative et biologie des systèmes pour comprendre comment le phénotype se construit à partir du génome, en interaction avec l'environnement à chaque niveau d'organisation. (inrae.fr)
Phenotype2
Finally, different ways of bridging the gap between genotype and phenotype are discussed. (hindawi.com)
Exploiting the functional genomics and bioinformatics studies paved the way in understanding the relationship between genotype and phenotype of an organism suffering from environmental stress. (intechopen.com)
Grown1
Brassica microgreens grown under natural light in greenhouse conditions were found to have higher fresh and dry weight production than those cultivated in a growth chamber under LEDs. (mdpi.com)
Crops2
Increased understanding of plant genetics and the development of powerful and easier-to-use gene editing tools over the past century have revolutionized humankind's ability to deliver precise genotypes in crops. (frontiersin.org)
Humankind's radically increased ability to deliver precise genotypes in crops thanks to advances in breeding, transformation, transgenics, and editing is helping growers keep pace with increased demand for food and energy. (frontiersin.org)
Plants4
Ga3 is already naturally found in plants and with that being said, this experiment helped show how plants used this natural plant hormone throughout the different genotypes on Brassica rapa. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
Brassica plants treated with CJ showed the induced defense categorized into Direct and Indirect Defenses. (globalplantcouncil.org)
Two replicated trials with two plants per genotype in four randomized blocks and for the embryo rescue trial four randomized blocks with four plants each took place in the greenhouse. (uni-goettingen.de)
These differences in size and number of pollen grains can be important for bee foraging preferences, although we found that genotype was only a marginally significant factor in bumble bee foraging preferences of these plants. (paep.org)
Pollen1
Development and application of Crystal Digital PCR-based single pollen nucleus genotyping to measure meiotic recombination rates in barley (Hordeum vulgare) in high-throughput. (ipk-gatersleben.de)
Plant5
GA3) affects how the four different genotypes in the Brassica rapa plant use the plant hormone in their plant growth. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
Each genotype had a unique way of using Ga3, and by doing so it shows how the plant is using Ga3. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
The plant used in the experiment is a brassica rapa, or the Wisconsin Fast Plant because it has a rapid life cycle around 35-40 days. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
The goal of the experiment was to find how these four genotypes of the Wisconsin Fast Plant are using Gibberellic acid for their plant growth (Mckeon et al. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
F 1 seeds had a fatty acid composition similar to that of the unmodified parent, indicating that the modified composition is recessive to the normal composition, and that the fatty acid composition of the seed is under the genetic control of the developing embryo rather than the maternal plant, as is common in the Brassicas. (regional.org.au)
Markers1
To accomplish this, I measured seven morphological markers of the scanned leaves of 43 inbred lines of Brassica rapa. (uwyo.edu)
AACC1
When comparing such genotypes with the mean of their parents (AA and AACC or AACC and CC, respectively), the occurrence of intergenomic dominance can also be investigated. (uni-goettingen.de)
Triticum1
Soil structure has a greater effect on the rooting of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) than nitrogen fertilisation rate or genotype. (rothamsted.ac.uk)
Tetraploid1
In the tetraploid comparisons the resynthesized genotype had a higher performance over all trials. (uni-goettingen.de)
Methods1
Validation of the genotyping results by independent methods revealed a success of approximately 80% for the multiplex PCR-based screening regardless of whether intra- or intergenomic SNPs were evaluated. (biomedcentral.com)
Genetic2
The assembly has been orientated and assigned to the nine pseudochromosomes using dense genotype-by-sequencing genetic maps. (polymarker.info)
Whilst successful, the collateral effect of these improvements has been the production of elite varieties that possess only a fraction of the genetic diversity available in the wider Brassica genepools. (biomedcentral.com)
Experiment1
At the end of the experiment, the genotypes, wild type, petite, and rosette, had the most growth in the Ga3, whereas elongate ended up having the most growth in the control group. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
Variation1
While there was some variation between genotypes, current results were found in almost in all genotypes, which is promising. (globalplantcouncil.org)
Combinations1
This could indicate that certain gene combinations allow some genotypes to better supply their leaves than other genotypes. (uwyo.edu)
Yield1
Within the triploid forms the AAC genotypes show a biomass yield that was comparable to the better triploid (AAA). (uni-goettingen.de)
Growth1
In all of the genotypes, Cycocel had growth, but not as much as water and Ga3. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
Wild4
The genotypes that were used include a wild type, elongate, petite, and the rosette. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
Wild type and petite genotypes already contained normal amounts of Ga3, while the elongate over produced Ga3 and rosette under produced Ga3. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
Each flat was divided into 32 styrofoam sections and each section had all four genotypes such as wild type (WT), Petite (PT), Elongate (EL), and Rosette (RS). (termpaperwarehouse.com)
is abundant only in the maritime west, whereas wild radish ( Raphanus raphanistrum L.), bird rape ( Brassica rapa L.), and corn spurry ( Spergula arvensis L.) are common not only in that area but also in our eastern maritime region. (weedscanada.ca)
Line1
Researchers identified a B. rapa line that contained the race-specific resistance gene Rlm11. (canolacouncil.org)