Genome unlike dna fingerprinting. Medical search. Frequent questions

Together they form a unique fingerprint. (johnshopkins.edu)

In many organisms, a significant fraction of the genomic DNA is repetitive, with over two-thirds of the sequence consisting of repetitive elements in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Total genomic DNA from 73 strains was extracted by conventional methods. (upenn.edu)
An allele is one of two or more versions of DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a given genomic location. (genome.gov)
In 1984, Mullis along with the genetic mutation assay team at Cetus started working on experiments that show PCR's ability to amplify genomic DNA. (news-medical.net)
Decoding the P. major genome provides a valuable genomic resource for research on dissecting biological function, molecular evolution, taxonomy, and breeding. (bvsalud.org)
The substantially large bread wheat genome, organized into highly similar three sub-genomes, renders genomic research challenging. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the above mentioned attributes of the wheat genome have rendered the assembly of genomic sequences extremely difficult. (biomedcentral.com)
Pol IV is needed to produce the small RNA trigger for methylation whereas Pol V acts downstream of small RNA biogenesis to facilitate de novo methylation of genomic DNA at the small RNA-targeted site. (biomedcentral.com)

If all goes as planned, in the third quarter of 2011, OpGen will launch the system for whole-genome sequence assembly and finishing for research on larger organisms, such as plants and animals, including humans, CEO Doug White told GenomeWeb Daily News . (genomeweb.com)
OpGen's Optical Mapping Technology is a method of deciphering a genome's architecture by creating high-resolution, ordered, whole-genome restriction maps from single DNA molecules. (genomeweb.com)
And by analyzing the images … we can put them back together and create a whole genome," or, in essence, a whole-genome restriction map, White said. (genomeweb.com)
We make a fingerprint of the DNA, of the whole genome, that we can then put into our database and we can compare it with other isolates. (genomeweb.com)
Applications for the technology include strain typing and whole-genome sequence assembly. (genomeweb.com)
For whole-genome sequence assembly and finishing, the Optical Mapping System is complementary to existing second- and forthcoming third-generation sequencing technologies, he said, in that it can provide a complete genome scaffold for contig alignment and orientation. (genomeweb.com)
Isolates are needed to conduct whole genome sequencing , the results of which serve as a pathogen's unique "DNA fingerprint. (cdc.gov)
Sequencing of the A. oryzae genome was accomplished using the whole-genome shotgun (WGS) approach. (nature.com)
Phylogenetic analysis of the three aspergilli using the whole-genome data showed that A. nidulans branched off earlier than A. oryzae and A. fumigatus 5 . (nature.com)
Whole genome sequencing studies of supercentenarians have identified the same gene variants that increase disease risk in people who have average life spans. (medlineplus.gov)

It is interesting because, unlike most viruses, it contains genes that encode for proteins involved in DNA packaging. (eurekalert.org)
Here we show that the 37-megabase (Mb) genome of A. oryzae contains 12,074 genes and is expanded by 7-9 Mb in comparison with the genomes of Aspergillus nidulans 5 and Aspergillus fumigatus 6 . (nature.com)
The 37-Mb genome was predicted to contain a total of 12,074 genes encoding proteins with a length greater than 100 amino acid residues (see Methods). (nature.com)
Genes are composed of double helical deoxyribonucleic acids, or DNA. (cilecenter.org)
While our genes are encoded by a varying sequence of nucleotides, the genotype is determined by the DNA sequence, both nuclear and mitochondrial. (cilecenter.org)
Most unexpectedly, genes coding for similar proteins were found in the genomes of eukaryotes, including humans. (johnshopkins.edu)
31,654 protein-coding genes were identified from the genome. (bvsalud.org)
The circular genome contains 141 genes, including 8 rRNAs, 38 tRNAs, and 95 protein-coding genes. (bvsalud.org)
Brief summaries describing the function of each gene's product are of great value to the research community, especially when interpreting genome-wide studies that reveal changes to hundreds of genes. (stanford.edu)
Faith sent me an email expressing an interest in better understanding DNA, genes and chromosomes. (evcforum.net)

The complete genome sequences ( 15 - 18 ) provide access to all regions of the chromosome and facilitate such studies. (cdc.gov)
Here we demonstrate that unlike wild-type cells, hst3Δ hst4Δ cells are unable to complete genome duplication and accumulate persistent foci containing the homologous recombination protein Rad52 after exposure to genotoxic drugs during S phase. (johnshopkins.edu)

Recombination is important as a source of genetic diversity, as a mechanism for repairing damaged DNA, and a necessary step in the appropriate segregation of chromosomes in meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
The genome was confirmed to comprise eight chromosomes (chromosomes 1-8 in decreasing size), the assignment of which is different from a previous report 7 ( Supplementary Table S1 and schematic drawing in Supplementary Fig. S1 ). (nature.com)
A gene present on the X and Y sex chromosomes that is used in DNA identification testing to determine the gender of the donor of the DNA in a biological sample. (ojp.gov)
The human genome contains approximately 3.2 billion base pairs, distributed among 22 paired chromosomes, plus two X chromosomes in females and one X and one Y chromosome in males. (cilecenter.org)
In humans and many other animals and plants, our DNA is packaged into large chunks called chromosomes . (snexplores.org)
The genome has a total length of 442.84 Mb with scaffold N50 of 27.98 Mb and 95.55% of the genome assigned to 14 chromosomes. (bvsalud.org)
The construction of BAC-based physical maps of individual chromosomes reduces the complexity of this allohexaploid genome, enables elucidation of gene space and evolutionary relationships, provides tools for map-based cloning, and serves as a framework for reference sequencing efforts. (biomedcentral.com)
In the absence of a finished quality genome sequence, insights into wheat genome structure and function have been accumulating through survey sequencing of individual chromosomes or chromosome-specific Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) libraries. (biomedcentral.com)
These cellular functions include DNA repair, maintenance of the ends of chromosomes (regions called telomeres), and protection of cells from damage caused by unstable oxygen-containing molecules (free radicals). (medlineplus.gov)

Some regions of the genome encode non-protein-coding RNA like transfer RNAs, the RNA components of ribosomes, microRNAs and small interfering RNAs that regulate translation. (cilecenter.org)
Plants have evolved a complex transcriptional machinery for generating and using small RNAs that guide DNA cytosine methylation at homologous regions of the genome. (biomedcentral.com)

Repeated sequences (also known as repetitive elements, repeating units or repeats) are short or long patterns of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) that occur in multiple copies throughout the genome. (wikipedia.org)
Some of these repeated sequences are necessary for maintaining important genome structures such as telomeres or centromeres. (wikipedia.org)
While some repeated DNA sequences are important for cellular functioning and genome maintenance, other repetitive sequences can be harmful. (wikipedia.org)
Many repetitive DNA sequences have been linked to human diseases such as Huntington's disease and Friedreich's ataxia. (wikipedia.org)
Overall, repeated sequences are an important area of focus because they can provide insight into human diseases and genome evolution. (wikipedia.org)
Although the repetitive DNA sequences were conserved and ubiquitous, their biological role was yet unknown. (wikipedia.org)
Today, the structural and regulatory roles of repetitive DNA sequences remain an active area of research. (wikipedia.org)
Many repeat sequences are likely to be non-functional, decaying remnants of Transposable elements, these have been labelled "junk" or "selfish" DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Tandem repeats are repeated sequences which are directly adjacent to each other in the genome. (wikipedia.org)
In short, it works by taking DNA and then cutting the DNA at specific sequences by using restriction enzymes. (genomeweb.com)
The sequences are about 300 base pairs long and are repeated several thousand times throughout the genome. (ojp.gov)
These allow for personalized prevention and treatment of disease based on DNA sequences, or pharmacogenomics. (cilecenter.org)
Consequently, phenotypic traits - both macroscopic and molecular - depend on a combination of influences from genome sequences, the individual's life history and the epigenetic signals in the fertilized egg. (cilecenter.org)
Even more-highly repeated sequences - minisatellites, microsatellites and telomeres - may appear as tens or even hundreds of thousands of copies, in aggregate amounting to 15% of the genome. (cilecenter.org)
Introns sequences account for about 30% of the genome. (blogspot.com)
Most of these sequences qualify as junk but they are littered with defective transposable elements that are already included in the calculation of junk DNA. (blogspot.com)
By scanning the available genome sequences, Demuth et al. (blogspot.com)

The presence of repeated sequence DNA makes it easier for areas of homology to align, thereby controlling when and where recombination occurs. (wikipedia.org)
It and BGI, OpGen said, had already used the technology to complete a study based on human genome data to successfully close gaps in existing sequence folds. (genomeweb.com)
Using OpGen's MapSolver software, contigs generated by sequencers are mapped in silico "so that the contigs can be mapped back to the complete ordered optical map scaffold of DNA, giving researchers the ability to very rapidly orient the sequence data to help accelerate assembly and finishing," he said. (genomeweb.com)
Thus, the increase in genome size seems to be due to an A. oryzae lineage-specific acquisition of sequence, rather than loss of sequence in A. nidulans and A. fumigatus . (nature.com)
This suggests that the genome size differences are largely due to sequence acquisition in A. oryzae . (nature.com)
The genome consists of a very specific sequence of 'letters', which is peculiar to the Covid-19 virus. (island.lk)
Sequence data now flow copiously, creating the challenges of understanding the information that our genomes contain, and applying the data and analysis to improve human welfare. (cilecenter.org)
To visualize the fragments,the gel is exposed to X-ray film for autoradiography,yielding a series of dark bands each corresponding to a radiolabelled DNA fragment,from which the sequence may be inferred. (michaelperes.com)
The newly synthesized and labelled DNA fragments are heat denatured , and separated by size by gel electrophoresis on a denaturing polyacrylamide-urea gel with each of the four reactions run in one of the four individual lanes(lanes A, T, G,C), the DNA bands are then visualized by autoradiography or UV light,and the DNA sequence can be directly read off the X-ray film or gel image. (michaelperes.com)
The relative position of the different bands among the four lanes are then used to read (from bottom to top) the DNA sequence. (michaelperes.com)
Limitations include non-specific binding of the primer to the DNA,affecting accurate read-out of the DNA sequence,and DNA secondary structures affecting the fidelity of the sequence. (michaelperes.com)
Its limitation include dye effects due to differences in the incorporation of the dye-labelled chain terminators into the DNA fragment,resulting in unequal peak heights and shapes in the electronic DNA sequence trace chromatogram. (michaelperes.com)
A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genetic information encoding a particular amino acid. (genome.gov)
We use simulations to compare the statistical performance of Mongrail with that of an existing composite likelihood method (NewHybrids) and apply the method to analyze genome sequence data for hybridizing species of barred and spotted owls. (nfshost.com)
RNA-directed DNA methylation results in a characteristic modification pattern that is typified by methylation of cytosines in all sequence contexts (CG, CHG and CHH, where H is A, T or C) within the region of small RNA-DNA sequence homology [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Apparently a gene is a segment of the DNA strand and it can be a very long segment, even of thousands of paired chemicals, and there is some kind of chemical sequence that is different from the body of the gene that tells you where it begins and ends. (evcforum.net)

In the 2000s, the data from full eukaryotic genome sequencing enabled the identification of different promoters, enhancers, and regulatory RNAs which are all coded by repetitive regions. (wikipedia.org)
In the field of genetics, which I know best, we discovered the structure of DNA, invented DNA fingerprinting, pioneered cloning and contributed 40 per cent of the first sequencing of the human genome. (mattridley.co.uk)
Sequencing genomes of other species facilitates and extends these goals by revealing general principles of biology. (cilecenter.org)
PCR in combination with amplicon DNA sequencing led to the identification of Mycobacterium chelonae, Pseudomonas nitroreducens, and an undefined Pseudomonas species from these fluid s. (cdc.gov)
Various DNA Sequencing methods. (michaelperes.com)
In 1976-1977, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert developed a DNA sequencing method based on chemical modification of DNA and subsequent cleavage at specific bases. (michaelperes.com)
The DNA sample is divided into four separate sequencing reactions,containing all four of the standard deoxynucleotides(dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP) and the DNA polymerase. (michaelperes.com)
Chain termination methods have greatly simplified DNA sequencing. (michaelperes.com)
In the year 1977, Frederick Sanger identified a DNA sequencing method involving a DNA polymerase, a primer, and nucleotide precursors, for which he was he awarded the Nobel Prize in 1980. (news-medical.net)
However, it was not until 1983 that, in an effort to fix some issues in his research work, Mullis used Sanger's DNA sequencing method as a basis to devise a new technique. (news-medical.net)
Here, we present a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly of Plantago major L., a species of Plantago, by incorporating Oxford Nanopore sequencing and Hi-C technologies. (bvsalud.org)
I've hesitated to comment about the sequencing of Neanderthal DNA 'cause I haven't read the papers. (blogspot.com)

In addition, OpGen's technology "gives you much more distinguishing features and gives you the ability to identify down to the strain in an isolate level," unlike pulsed field gel electrophoresis, which White said is the gold standard method for separating DNA molecules. (genomeweb.com)
Genome fingerprinting by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) on Mycobacterium isolates further showed that the isolates represented three strains of M. chelonae although the possibility of one of the strains being clonal with M. immunogenum cannot be excluded. (cdc.gov)

In this study, we undertook extensive genome-wide comparative analyses of twelve species that conform the Pectobacterium genus. (mdpi.com)
Comparison of the three aspergilli species revealed the presence of syntenic blocks and A. oryzae -specific blocks (lacking synteny with A. nidulans and A. fumigatus ) in a mosaic manner throughout the genome of A. oryzae . (nature.com)
DNA-based methodologies for rapid detection, quantification, and species- or strain-level identification of respiratory pathogens (Mycobacteria and Pseudomonads) in metalworking fluid s. (cdc.gov)
This broad DNA match means that several million years ago, gorillas, chimps, and humans shared a common ancestor, but they split at some points of time and evolved as different species. (gorillas-world.com)
Every individual of each species has unique fingerprints and opposable thumbs. (gorillas-world.com)
A major breakthrough in DNA polymerase came along in the year 1969, when Thomas Brock reported the isolation of Thermus aquaticus , a new species of thermophilic bacterium found in the hot springs of Yellowstone National Park. (news-medical.net)
Comparative chloroplast genome analysis of six related species suggests that a higher similarity exists in the coding region than the non-coding region, and differences in the degree of preservation is smaller between P. asiatica and Plantago depressa than among others. (bvsalud.org)

and requires clinical labs to send positive samples to public health laboratories for subtyping using PFGE (DNA fingerprinting). (aphlblog.org)

They also found that the giant virus harbors in its ancient genome some of the complex proteins that make up the building blocks of eukaryotic organisms such as animals, plants, and humans. (eurekalert.org)
NEW YORK (GenomeWeb News) - As OpGen intensifies the commercialization of its optical mapping technology, it is looking to expand its use to larger genomes, including humans, within the next year, its CEO said. (genomeweb.com)
therefore, studies of genetics, anatomy , morphology and other scientific fields are made to verify that, indeed, gorillas and humans share 95-99 % of DNA. (gorillas-world.com)
Humans and gorillas share 95-99% of DNA. (gorillas-world.com)

With the Medusavirus, scientists discovered that DNA replication occurred in the nucleus of the host amoeba and observed evidence of exchange of genetic information between the host and the virus as they coevolved. (eurekalert.org)
The virus transfers its DNA to initiate replication and uses its own DNA polymerase (enzyme that synthesizes DNA) and histones, but overall, it relies on the host to complete the process. (eurekalert.org)
Little knowledge of DNA replication in cyanobacteria is available. (upenn.edu)
Unlike replication of many Escherichia coli plasmids, replication of cyanobacterial plasmids did not require added ATP, was not inhibited by omission of the ribonucleotides, and was insensitive to the RNA polymerase inhibitor rifampicin and the gyrase inhibitor novobiocin, but was inhibited by ethidium bromide. (upenn.edu)
Biophysical studies showed that the orthologs of the two OB fold/one zinc finger replication protein A in Hethanosarcina acetivorans and Methanopyrus kandleri exhibit two binding modes, wrapping and stretching of DNA. (johnshopkins.edu)
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, histone H3 lysine 56 acetylation (H3K56Ac) is present in newly synthesized histones deposited throughout the genome during DNA replication. (johnshopkins.edu)
The first DNA polymerase was identified by Arthur Kornberg in 1957 during his studies on the DNA replication mechanism. (news-medical.net)
Around the same time, Kjell Kleppe from Khorana's lab envisioned the use of a two-primer system which might help in desired DNA segment replication, forming an early precursor to PCR. (news-medical.net)
The maintenance activities of METHYLTRANSFERASE1 (MET1) and CHROMOMETHYLASE3 act primarily to perpetuate pre-existing CG and CHG methylation, respectively, during successive rounds of DNA replication [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The Medusavirus has a full set of histones, which are proteins that have evolved to keep the DNA folded inside the nucleus and regulate gene expression. (eurekalert.org)
We created several deletion mutants of this protein based on its conserved motifs, and from these structures functional chimeras were synthesized, supporting the hypothesis that gene duplication and recombination could lead to novel functional forms of single-stranded DNA-binding proteins. (johnshopkins.edu)
Antisense is the non-coding DNA strand of a gene. (genome.gov)
This technique sought to simplify gene synthesis by using artificial primers and templates that help DNA polymerase to copy the desired gene segments. (news-medical.net)
We performed a methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism analysis to search for targets of RNA-directed DNA methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana and identified several members of a gene family encoding cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs). (biomedcentral.com)
Unlike CG methylation in gene bodies, which does not dramatically affect Pol II transcription, combined CG and non-CG methylation in CRP coding regions is likely to contribute to gene silencing in leaves because loss of this methylation in synergid cells is associated with CRP gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)

The Medusavirus is a nucleocytoplasmic large DNA virus, which belongs to a group of recently discovered eukaryotic viruses with large and complex double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. (eurekalert.org)
Adenine (A) is one of the four nucleotide bases in DNA, with the other three being cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). Within a double-stranded DNA molecule, adenine bases on one strand pair with thymine bases on the opposite strand. (genome.gov)

The results of an evolutionary analysis done by the authors suggest that in the evolution tree, the Medusavirus DNA polymerase lies at the origin of the DNA polymerase found in eukaryotes. (eurekalert.org)
As one of the authors, Dr Genki Yoshikwa from Kyoto University, puts it, this could mean that our DNA polymerase "probably originated from Medusavirus or one of its relatives. (eurekalert.org)
Producing multiple copies of a chosen DNA region, usually by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). (ojp.gov)
In the Sanger method, the DNA strand to be analyzed is used as a template and DNA polymerase is used, in a PCR reaction, to generate complementary strands using primers. (michaelperes.com)
The chain termination method requires a single-stranded DNA template,a DNA primer,a DNA polymerase, radioactively or fluorescently labelled nucleotides,and modified nucleotides that terminate DNA strand elongation. (michaelperes.com)
Although this technique used DNA polymerase repeatedly, similar to PCR, it employed only a single primer template complex, and exponential amplification was not possible using this technique. (news-medical.net)
He added a second primer to the opposite strand and realized that repeated use of DNA polymerase will trigger a chain reaction that will amplify a specific DNA segment, thus discovering the PCR technology. (news-medical.net)
The DNA polymerase from this bacterium, called the Taq Polymerase, could withstand very high temperatures, unlike other polymerases available at that point of time. (news-medical.net)
After a couple of failed attempts to isolate the Taq DNA polymerase, Susanne Stoffel and David Gelfand from Cetus finally isolated it in the fall of 1985, and Randy Saiki's experiments soon after proved that Taq polymerase is ideal for the PCR process. (news-medical.net)
The Taq DNA Polymerase is intended for molecular biology applications. (qiagen.com)
Taq DNA Polymerase is supplied with the unique QIAGEN PCR Buffer that minimizes the need for optimization of PCR parameters, as well as Q-Solution, a novel additive that enables efficient amplification of "difficult" (e.g. (qiagen.com)
Key components of the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway include two functionally diversified RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-related RNA polymerases called Pol IV and Pol V [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Understanding the presence of these proteins in the virus' genome may help scientists tackle some of the hardest questions about our origins. (eurekalert.org)
The most prominent and familiar aspects of the genome are the regions that code for proteins. (cilecenter.org)
Information is stored in the code of the DNA molecule - the pattern of G, C, A and T. Some combinations of those molecules determine which proteins end up getting made in a cell. (snexplores.org)
Other sections of DNA help control how often other bits of DNA code get made into proteins. (snexplores.org)
The architecture of single-stranded DNA-binding proteins, which play key roles in DNA metabolism, is based on different combinations of the oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB) fold. (johnshopkins.edu)
Here we show that unlike these groups of organisms, the Euryarchaeota has exploited the potential in the OB fold to re-invent single-stranded DNA-binding proteins many times. (johnshopkins.edu)
Although the diversity shown by archaeal single-stranded DNA-binding proteins is unparalleled, the presence of their simplest form in many organisms across all domains of life is of greater evolutionary consequence. (johnshopkins.edu)

The expansion in genome size appears to be characteristic of the organisms closely related to A. oryzae , as the estimated genome size of its close relatives A. flavus (W. Nierman, personal communication) and Aspergillus niger 8 is comparable to that of A. oryzae . (nature.com)
DNA can also teach us about human evolution and the evolution of other organisms . (snexplores.org)

Comprised of DNA fragments that represent common alleles at a locus. (ojp.gov)
Amplified DNA fragments. (ojp.gov)
DNA first undergoes restriction enzyme digestion, and a subset of DNA fragments is then selected for PCR amplification and visualization. (ojp.gov)
Scientists have isolated two fragments from the genome of the Covid-19 virus (the genome is nearly 30,000 bases long), which are unique to only the Covid-19 virus and not shared with RNA from any other organism. (island.lk)
These unique fragments of the genome serve as a fingerprint for the Covid-19 virus. (island.lk)
Southern blot RFLP analysis revealed 12 hybridization patterns consisting of 1 or 2 DNA fragments (2-23 kb). (upenn.edu)
To each reaction is added only one of the four dideoxynucleotide (ddATP, ddGTP, ddCTP, ddTTP) which are the chain terminating nucleotides, lacking a 3'-OH group required for the formation of a phosphodiester bond between two nucleotides,thus terminating DNA strand extension and resulting in DNA fragments of varying length. (michaelperes.com)

thus 4 different nucleotides exist in DNA. (cilecenter.org)

In the 1990s, more research was conducted to elucidate the evolutionary dynamics of minisatellite and microsatellite repeats because of their importance in DNA-based forensics and molecular ecology. (wikipedia.org)
PulseNet , the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance, is a laboratory network that compares the DNA fingerprints of bacteria from patients to find clusters of illness that represent unrecognized outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
Ranging from the molecular biology of black pepper and bael (Aegle marmelos) plants, to identifying victims of the Puttingal fireworks disaster and the Ockhi cyclone and even DNA fingerprinting of Kerala's captive elephants, professor E. V. Soniya has had a finger in many pies. (mongabay.com)
Her strong leadership skills got her the position as the Chief Scientific Officer of Molecular Forensics and DNA technologies (MFDT) at the RGCB, which provides human DNA fingerprinting services to judicial, crime investigation and law enforcement agencies as well as wildlife forensics. (mongabay.com)
Failure to deacetylate H3K56 causes thermosensitivity, spontaneous DNA damage, and sensitivity to replicative stress via molecular mechanisms that remain unclear. (johnshopkins.edu)
Within 20 years of its discovery, this sensational technique became the basis for several molecular biology protocols and formed the foundation of the Human Genome Project. (news-medical.net)
However, the lack of a reference genome limits the study of conservation management and molecular biology of A. buchneroides. (bvsalud.org)
To demonstrate the power of this technology, we will generate a molecular disease fingerprint allowing differentiation between three clinically indistinguishable yet biochemically distinct disease pathways underlying the deadly brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme. (nih.gov)

Most interestingly, a second single-stranded DNA-binding protein, FacRPA2, in this archaeon exhibited the wrapping mode. (johnshopkins.edu)
In response to replicative stress, cells lacking Hst3 and Hst4 also displayed intense foci containing the Rfa1 subunit of the single-stranded DNA binding protein complex RPA, as well as persistent activation of DNA damage-induced kinases. (johnshopkins.edu)

The disposition of repetitive elements throughout the genome can consist either in directly adjacent arrays called tandem repeats or in repeats dispersed throughout the genome called interspersed repeats. (wikipedia.org)
In 1972 the late geneticist Susumu Ohno coined the term "junk DNA" to describe all noncoding sections of a genome, most of which consist of repeated segments scattered randomly throughout the genome. (blogspot.com)

The genome assembly size was approximately 671.27 Mb with a contig N50 length of 31.30 Mb. (bvsalud.org)

However, an abundance of neutral repeats can still influence genome evolution as they accumulate over time. (wikipedia.org)

If the human genome were the body s computer hardware, then the epigenome would be the software that instructs the computer when, where and how to work. (usc.edu)
Unlike our DNA, which can t be changed, the epigenome is malleable, giving scientists the chance to manipulate its response with drugs. (usc.edu)

DNA has two main functions: It stores information and it copies itself. (snexplores.org)
To make new copies of a DNA molecule, cell machinery first pulls the strands apart . (snexplores.org)

This analysis of the P. asiatica chloroplast genome contributes to an improved deeply understanding of the evolutionary relationships among Plantaginaceae. (bvsalud.org)

Here, we generated a chromosome-level de novo genome assembly of A. buchneroides which is a high-quality chromosome-scale assembly of aromatic medicinal plant in Plantaginaceae. (bvsalud.org)

In a current model, Pol V synthesizes scaffold transcripts that interact with ARGONAUTE4-bound small RNAs, which recruits the methylation machinery to the target DNA [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The blue bars at the bottom indicate the regions syntenic with A. fumigatus ( AF ) and A. nidulans ( AN ) genomes (see Methods). (nature.com)
Unlike the conventional cultural and biochemical methods, which are often slow and ambiguous and detect only culturable cells, DNA-based methods offer a time-saving alternative for reliable detection and identification of both culturable and nonculturable bacteria in MWF and for selective quantification of individual genera of pathogens of interest in these fluid s. (cdc.gov)
Rapid DNA policies have been developed by NDIS and SWGDAM (Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods), and developmental validation studies were designed to ensure that the ANDE Rapid DNA Identification System generates results equivalent to those from a forensic laboratory. (hijaz-jo.com)

As soon as the genome of the virus was made known by Chinese scientists in January 2020, tests were quickly developed to identify the virus. (island.lk)
Scientists can study DNA to find out clues to diseases . (snexplores.org)
The glossary features nearly 250 terms explained in an easy-to-understand way by leading scientists and professionals at the National Human Genome Research Institute. (genome.gov)

So we get these very long lengths of DNA and are able to take these restriction cut sites. (genomeweb.com)
Non-coding regions of DNA containing a restriction site for the enzyme Alu 1. (ojp.gov)

C pairs with G and A pairs with T. During cell division, the double helix DNA open up and each DNA strand becomes a template for the formation of new double helical DNA that is identical to the original one. (cilecenter.org)
Where is the "junk DNA" located on the DNA strand? (evcforum.net)

The genome atlases allowed for distinguishing distinct DNA structures and highlighted suspicious high transcription zones. (mdpi.com)
It treats while keeping in mind the unique, individual characteristics of each patient, which are as distinct as one's fingerprint or signature. (fairobserver.com)

Author of the bill, Senator Orrin Hatch said, "This commonsense proposal will enable law enforcement to analyze DNA in record time, reducing backlogs in rape kits and keeping violent criminals off our streets. (hijaz-jo.com)

Deoxyribonucleic acid - or DNA - is a molecule made of two chemical chains twisted around each other. (snexplores.org)

In a commentary piece called " DNA fingerprinting on trial ," (pdf) published in Nature in 1989, renowned biologist Eric Lander describes how innocent people could be charged with serious crimes like murder due to improper use of DNA forensics . (cshl.edu)
He goes on to note in the 1989 article that, "both projects arose as unintended consequences of accepting an invitation to a conference on DNA forensics at Cold Spring Harbor's Banbury Center in late 1988. (cshl.edu)

The chromosome-scale genome of A. buchneroides will be a significant resource for understanding the genetic basis and evolution of active components biosynthesis, which will facilitate further study and exploit of A. buchneroides. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we provide a chromosome-specific view into the organization and evolution of the D genome of bread wheat, in comparison to one of its ancestors, revealing recent genome rearrangements. (biomedcentral.com)

The first human genomes were determined in 2001, the culmination of 10 years of pioneering work and dedication. (cilecenter.org)
What appears to be a few elegant houses tucked in the woods by the harbor is actually an epicenter of ideas in biology, from the iconic Human Genome Project in the late 1980s to the more down-to-earth subject of Lyme disease at this recent meeting. (cshl.edu)
Public engagement for Human Germline Genome Editing (HGGE) has often been called for, for example by the WHO. (eur.nl)

Because CIDTs do not provide isolates, we can't perform tests that determine a pathogen's DNA fingerprint, strain or subtype, antimicrobial resistance pattern, or other attributes - meaning healthcare professionals can't tailor patient therapy and we can't make informed public health decisions. (cdc.gov)
DNA synthesis in fraction III was dependent on the addition of cyanobacterial plasmids isolated from the same strain. (upenn.edu)
The membrane was probed with a previously characterized 5.2 kilobases (kb) DNA fragment cloned from A. actinomycetemcomitans strain Y4. (upenn.edu)

Overall, these results outline a novel interplay between H3K56Ac, H3K79 methylation, and H4K16 acetylation in the cellular response to DNA damage. (johnshopkins.edu)

DNA polymerases in Synechocystis 6803 appeared to be associated with membranes and could be released by the addition of ammonium sulfate to 20% saturation. (upenn.edu)
This pattern of methylation is mediated in part by small RNAs and two specialized RNA polymerases, termed Pol IV and Pol V, in a process called RNA-directed DNA methylation. (biomedcentral.com)

RNA viruses tend to be particularly dangerous because they lack the 3'-5' proofreading function which edits out errors in replicated genomes. (phys.org)

In the year 1953, Watson and Crick discovered the double-helix structure of the DNA, showing that DNA has two strands with complementary bases running in opposite directions. (news-medical.net)

Public health officials use DNA fingerprints to monitor trends in infections, detect outbreaks, and link illnesses to likely sources. (cdc.gov)
Rapid DNA provides law enforcement officials with a new system that meets FBI quality assurance standards to compare DNA samples collected at the time of an arrest to profiles in the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS). (hijaz-jo.com)

This enzyme needed a primer to start copying the template and could create DNA only in one direction. (news-medical.net)

The method requires radioactive labelling at one end and purification of the DNA fragment to be sequenced. (michaelperes.com)
A dark band in a lane indicates a DNA fragment that is result of chain termination after incorporation of a dideoxynucleotide (ddATP, ddGTP, ddCTP, or ddTTP). (michaelperes.com)

A lot of these sites look at different parts of the genome, and it's unclear how they knew what segment of DNA to upload. (motherjones.com)

Models like this one help show what a DNA molecule looks like. (snexplores.org)

they found out that more than half of the eukaryotic genomes were repetitive DNA through their experiments on reassociation of DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Discoveries of deleterious repetitive DNA-related diseases stimulated further interest in this area of study. (wikipedia.org)
Repetitive elements of an unknown function surprisingly account for the large fractions of our genomes. (cilecenter.org)
Like mammalian genomes, the sea urchin genome contains a lot of junk DNA, especially repetitive DNA. (blogspot.com)

Although both A. oryzae and Aspergillus flavus belong to the section Flavi of the subgenus Circumdati of Aspergillus , A. oryzae , unlike A. flavus , does not produce aflatoxin, and its long history of use in the food industry has proved its safety. (nature.com)
The genome of the virus is a long chain of four 'letters' of the genetic alphabet called RNA (most genomes, such as ours, are DNA). (island.lk)

In "Ask the Experts" somebody asked What is junk DNA, and what is it worth? (blogspot.com)

Although the amplification product was not evident in agarose gel electrophoresis initially, Southern blotting confirmed the increase in quantity of the desired DNA segments. (news-medical.net)

For RFLP analysis, DNA was digested with EcoRI, separated on a 0.8% agarose gel and transferred to a nylon membrane. (upenn.edu)
The addition of the Southern blot analysis to the AP-PCR analysis gave rise to a total of 30 DNA profiles among the 73 A. actinomycetemcomitans study strains. (upenn.edu)
NDIS approval of the ANDE system is a major milestone in the United States as well as in the many countries that look to the FBI as a global leader in forensic DNA analysis. (hijaz-jo.com)
Unlike traditional DNA analysis, which can take weeks, Rapid DNA analysis processes DNA samples in less than two hours. (hijaz-jo.com)
Here we report the findings of a comprehensive analysis of the P. asiatica chloroplast genome. (bvsalud.org)

Our data further suggest that elevated DNA damage-induced signaling significantly contributes to the phenotypes of hst3D hst4Δ cells. (johnshopkins.edu)

We found that reducing the levels of histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation or H3 lysine 79 methylation partially suppresses these sensitivities and reduces spontaneous and genotoxin-induced activation of the DNA damage-response kinase Rad53 in hst3Δ hst4Δ cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
In particular, asymmetric CHH methylation is a hallmark of RNA-directed DNA methylation. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy15

Organisms33

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs39

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes138

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science15

Health Care6

Form a unique fingerprint1

Genomic8

Whole genome10

Genes10

Complete genome2

Chromosomes9

Regions of the genome2

Sequences17

Sequence16

Sequencing12

Pulsed field gel elect2

Species7

PFGE1

Humans4

Replication9

Gene6

Double-stranded2

Polymerase12

Proteins7

Organisms2

Fragments7

Nucleotides1

Molecular8

Single-stranded2

Consist2

Contig1

Accumulate1

Epigenome2

Copies2

Evolutionary1

Novo1

Scaffold1

Methods3

Scientists3

Restriction2

Strand2

Distinct2

Analyze1

Deoxyribonucleic1

Forensics2

Chromosome2

Human3

Strain3

Cellular1

Polymerases2

Viruses1

Bases1

Officials2

Enzyme1

Fragment2

Segment1

Molecule1

Repetitive4

Long2

Junk1

Amplification1

Analysis5

Data1

Methylation2