Genome encode ras gtpase activating proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

The GTPase superfamily: conserved structure and molecular mechanism. (xenbase.org)
Human RAS superfamily proteins and related GTPases. (xenbase.org)
Rho GTPases are small (20-30 kDa) GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily. (biomedcentral.com)
G proteins constitute a large superfamily of regulatory proteins that show a high similarity in primary structure and organization of the functional center [ 1 - 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The superfamily of G proteins includes three main classes: Ras-like GTPases, G α subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins, and the translation elongation factors. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the RAS superfamily which are small GTP/GDP-binding proteins with an average size of 200 amino acids. (nih.gov)
However, this protein contains a C-terminal CAAX motif that is characteristic of many RAS superfamily members but which is not found in YPT1 and the majority of RAB proteins. (nih.gov)
Ras proteins are the founding members of the Ras superfamily of GTPases, which in humans is composed of more than 150 members [ 1 ] [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

A genome-scale genetic interaction map was constructed by examining 5.4 million gene-gene pairs for synthetic genetic interactions, generating quantitative genetic interaction profiles for approximately 75% of all genes in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (thebiogrid.org)
Of the 30,000 or so genes that are currently thought to exist in the human genome , there is a small subset that seems to be particularly important in the prevention, development, and progression of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
There is no longer a need for signals to activate these genes. (cancerquest.org)
Using bioinformatics analyses, we predicted HNK protein targets from several databases and retrieved the genes differentially expressed in mBCSCs from the GEO database. (hindawi.com)
The intersection between the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the HNK-targets was determined using a Venn diagram, and the results were analyzed using a protein-protein interaction network, hub gene selection, gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses, genetic alteration analysis, survival rate, and immune cell infiltration levels. (hindawi.com)
Gain-of-function variants in the three RAS genes have been found in 27 % of human cancers [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The degree of activation and the underlying biochemical mechanism differs between variants in the three RAS genes, with the KRAS isoform being the most commonly disrupted in human carcinomas [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This study presents a draft hybrid genome assembly for F. religiosa and its functional annotated genes. (biomedcentral.com)
However, they generated a limited size of genome assembly and genes (23,929) for the Peepal tree when compared to the present study [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Such a segment in the tumor genome may harbor either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes depending on whether they are present in increased or decreased copy number, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
In humans, three Ras genes ( H-ras , N-ras, and K-ras ) encode four distinct Ras proteins: H-Ras, N-Ras, K-Ras4A, and K-RasS4B, the latter 2 resulting from alternative RNA splicing of the K-ras gen. (encyclopedia.pub)
Additionally, Ras proteins are recognized as major oncogenes, as mutations in all three Ras genes occur in approximately 30% of human cancers [ 10 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
The GTPase Cdc42 was among the original genes identified with roles in cell polarity, and interest in its cellular roles from yeast to humans remains high. (rupress.org)
By contrast, somatic alterations in the genes encoding Notch signaling components drive various types of human cancer, such as breast cancer, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) ( 6 - 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Several molecular mechanisms with antifungal agents have been reported for C. albicans where insertions, deletions, and point mutations in genes codifying target proteins are frequently related to the antifungal drug resistance. (intechopen.com)
Mutations of the PTPN11 and RAS genes in rhabdomyosarcoma and pediatric hematological malignancies. (lu.se)

In addition to bronchial tumors, our team is also interested in the characterization of NF1 mutations and more broadly of negative regulators of the RAS-MAPK pathway in pediatric acute lymphoblastic B leukemia (ALL-B). The activation of the main effectors of the pathway is well described but the alterations of the regulators are still poorly understood. (institutcochin.fr)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Mutations of the NF1 gene potentially results in the activation of multiple Ras proteins, which are key regulators of many biologic effects. (biomedcentral.com)
Melanoma in particular exhibits a high incidence of activating BRAF and NRAS mutations and such cells are addicted to the activity of these mutant oncoproteins. (babraham.ac.uk)
Activating mutations in the Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) cause Parkinson's disease and previously we showed that activated LRRK2 phosphorylates a subset of Rab GTPases (Steger et al. (stanford.edu)
Originally designed to compare the treatment effect in the overall patient population, the study was amended to analyze outcomes with respect to the presence or absence of activating mutations in KRAS in the tumor itself. (genengnews.com)
29% of melanomas are driven by mutations in N-Ras, while H-Ras mutations appears mutated in 5% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and 6% of bladder cancers [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Acquisition of JAK2, PTPN11, and RAS mutations during disease progression in primary myelodysplastic syndrome. (lu.se)
PTPN11, RAS and FLT3 mutations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (lu.se)

NF1 is a major tumor suppressor gene encoding neurofibromin, a RAS-GAP (GTPase activating protein) that acts as an inhibitor of the RAS-MAPK pathway by allowing RAS proteins to return to inactive confirmation. (institutcochin.fr)
Chp, a homologue of the GTPase Cdc42Hs, activates the JNK pathway and is implicated in reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton. (xenbase.org)
The autophagic pathway constitutively maintains cellular homeostasis by recycling cytoplasmic organelles and proteins, but it is also stimulated by environmental stress conditions, such as starvation, oxidative stress, and the accumulation of misfolded proteins. (mdpi.com)
There was also an upregulation in expression of positive regulators and key components of the AMPK pathway, autophagy, proteasome function, and the unfolded protein response. (nature.com)
Closer study of an R-Ras regulated pathway containing the signaling protein ROCK1 showed that inhibition of either R-Ras, R-Ras2 or ROCK1 similarly impaired cellular migration and invasion and altered cellular morphology. (biomedcentral.com)
The RAS-regulated RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signalling pathway is frequently de-regulated in human cancer. (babraham.ac.uk)
However, recent studies have suggested that BRAFi/MEKi and ERK1/2i resistance can arise through activation of a parallel signalling pathway leading to activation of ERK5, an unusual protein kinase that contains both a kinase domain and a transcriptional transactivation domain. (babraham.ac.uk)
Transcription Activation of Rab8A by PEA3 Augments Progression of Esophagus Cancer by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. (nih.gov)
The KRAS gene encodes a small GTPase protein on the EGFR pathway. (genengnews.com)

SH3 domains are found in proteins of signaling pathways regulating the cytoskeleton, the Ras protein, and the Src kinase and many others. (wikipedia.org)
In addition to that, the SH3 domain was responsible for controlling protein-protein interactions in the signal transduction pathways and regulating the interactions of proteins involved in the cytoplasmic signaling. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, they play important roles in gene transcription (via activation of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways and, in higher eukaryotes, the transcription factor NFκB), generation of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and cell-cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
R-Ras proteins function distinctly from classic Ras proteins by regulating distinct signaling pathways that promote MPNST tumorigenesis by mediating migration and invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
We have previously shown that three related Ras proteins (the classic Ras proteins) are highly activated in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells with neurofibromin loss and that they drive cancer cell proliferation and survival by activating multiple cellular signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
We examined the activation of cytoplasmic signaling pathways in the presence and absence of R-Ras signaling and found that R-Ras proteins regulated 13 signaling pathways distinct from those regulated by classic Ras proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
These guanosine triphosphatases bind GTP causing the activation of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and Ras-like (RAL) pathways [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
TBC1D15 activated three novel oncogenic pathways to promote self-renewal, p53 loss, and Nanog transcription in TICs. (nature.com)
Ras proteins are membrane-bound small GTPases that act as molecular transducers, coupling cell surface receptors to intracellular effector pathways to regulate cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis [ 3 ] [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
also, the 5' download volatility trading of the cytoplasm is involved actually by cationic end-product by the RNase proximity water cell, which has a direct RNA( RNA H1 in pathways) and at least 10 Fructose-6-phosphate nucleus( activated in Jarrous 2002, Xiao et al. (evakoch.com)

Loss of the Ras GTPase-activating protein neurofibromin promotes nervous system tumor pathogenesis in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). (biomedcentral.com)
We have shown that classic Ras proteins promote proliferation and survival, but not migration, in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The oncogenic role of TLR4 activated by endotoxin has been confirmed by others in a different liver tumor model 10 . (nature.com)
Mutant Ras is a driver both in tumor initiation and tumor maintenance [ 5 ] [ 7 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

2007), Evolution of the Rho family of ras-like GTPases. (xenbase.org)
Although dozens of proteins act downstream of these GTPases, a comparison of effector proteins from evolutionarily diverse organisms suggests that six groups of proteins serve as the core machinery for signaling from Cdc42 and Rac. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, small GTPases related to Rac are found even in organisms that lack Ras, such as plants. (biomedcentral.com)
This broad distribution across widely divergent eukaryotic species suggests that Cdc42 and Rac GTPases have an ancient origin, perhaps even predating that of their cousin Ras. (biomedcentral.com)
This gene encodes a member of the Rho family of small GTPases, which cycle between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states and function as molecular switches in signal transduction cascades. (cancerindex.org)

Signal transducing adaptor proteins CDC24 Cdc25 PI3 kinase Phospholipase Ras GTPase-activating protein Vav proto-oncogene GRB2 p54 S6 kinase 2 (S6K2) SH3D21 ARMH3 (potentially) STAC3 Some myosins SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains: SHANK1, SHANK2, SHANK3 YAP1 ARHGAP12 vexin (VXN) TANGO1 Integrase Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK, PTK2) Proline-rich tyrosine kinase (Pyk2, CADTK, PTK2beta) TRIP10 (cip4) Src homology 2 domain-containing Structural domain Pawson T, Schlessingert J (July 1993). (wikipedia.org)
Canonical Notch signaling activates the transcription of BMI1 proto‑oncogene polycomb ring finger, cyclin D1, CD44, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, hes family bHLH transcription factor 1, hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1, MYC, NOTCH3, RE1 silencing transcription factor and transcription factor 7 in a cellular context‑dependent manner, while non‑canonical Notch signaling activates NF‑κB and Rac family small GTPase 1. (spandidos-publications.com)

Neurofibromin loss potentially hyperactivates classic Ras (H-Ras, N-Ras, K-Ras), M-Ras, and R-Ras (R-Ras, R-Ras2/TC21) subfamily proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells were transfected with doxycycline-inducible vectors expressing either a pan-inhibitor of the R-Ras subfamily [dominant negative (DN) R-Ras] or enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). (biomedcentral.com)
All NSP proteins contain an NH 2 -terminal SH2 (Src homology domain 2) domain, a central proline/serine-rich domain, and a COOH-terminal domain with modest homology to Ras subfamily GDP-exchange factors (GEFs). (molvis.org)

The conserved arginine residue probably functions as a catalytic arginine finger analogous to that seen in ras and Rho-GAPs. (embl.de)
A yeast open reading frame sharing homology with the two known yeast Rab GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), Gyp6p and Gyp7p, was found in a data base search. (embl.de)
The finding that yeast Rab GAPs share homology with proteins in other species, such as Caenorhabditis elegans and human, suggests the existence of a conserved Rab GAP family. (embl.de)
Downstream signalling is controlled by both RAS-intrinsic GTP hydrolysis, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that catalyse hydrolysis and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Additional regulatory proteins are often required to induce the conformational changes that occur during this cycle: guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which catalyze release of bound GDP and promote its replacement by GTP, and GTPase-activating proteins, which accelerate GTP hydrolysis. (biomedcentral.com)

The present invention relates generally to improved methods and pharmaceutical compositions for mobilizing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell from bone marrow into peripheral blood by administration of at least one inhibitor of a GTPase, such as Rac1 and/or Rac2 GTPase. (justia.com)
Although the recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the first Ras G12C inhibitor is an important milestone, only a small percentage of patients will benefit from it. (encyclopedia.pub)

Ras proteins are essential mediators of a multitude of cellular processes, and its deregulation is frequently associated with cancer appearance, progression, and metastasis. (encyclopedia.pub)
During the progression of colitis, genetic alterations associated with mucosal permeability [ e.g. those in extracellular matrix protein 1 ( ECM1 ), cadherin 1 ( CDH1 ), and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha ( HNF4A )] have been observed and considered to confer the risk of severe UC ( 11 , 12 ). (iiarjournals.org)

R-Ras2 was uniformly expressed in MPNST cells, with R-Ras present in a major subset. (biomedcentral.com)
however, mRNAs encoding a subset of factors important for error-free replication and chromosome segregation, including TIPIN, PLK2 and PLK3, remain at low abundance. (babraham.ac.uk)
Non-malignant somatic KRAS variants underlie a subset of RAS-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disorders (RALD). (biomedcentral.com)

We assessed the expression and activation of these proteins in MPNST cells and inhibited them to determine the effect this had on proliferation, migration, invasion, survival and the phosphoproteome. (biomedcentral.com)
Consistent with classical Ras inhibition, DN R-Ras and R-Ras2 knockdown inhibited proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition of R-Ras action inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion but not survival. (biomedcentral.com)
This group of proteins is responsible for cell proliferation, differentiation and inhibition of apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Treatment with EP3 antagonists induced upregulation of estrogen receptor β and decreased activity of Ras and led to attenuated proliferation and migration of RL95-2 cells. (oncotarget.com)
ERCC2 is the plant around the proliferation in gap with the Phenylacetate IFT of ERCC3, encoding an many transcription( Coin et al. (evakoch.com)

Such transition between active and inactive forms allows for them to serve as molecular switches and to make G proteins suitable for the regulation of a wide range of cellular processes such as signal transduction, cytoskeletal reorganizations, vesicular transport and protein synthesis [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Initially, SH3 was described as a conserved sequence in the viral adaptor protein v-Crk. (wikipedia.org)
The SH3 proteins interact with adaptor proteins and tyrosine kinases. (wikipedia.org)
Examples are the C-terminal SH3 domains of adaptor proteins like Grb2 and Mona (a.k.a. (wikipedia.org)
This motif is found in Cdc42/Rac-associated proteins such as the protein kinases Pak, MRCK and Ack, the adaptor proteins Spec and WASP, and, in degenerate form, in the kinases MLK, Mekk4, adaptor Par6, scaffold protein IRSp53, and the Borg proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
AND-34/BCAR3 (Breast Cancer Anti-Estrogen Resistance 3) associates with the focal adhesion adaptor protein, p130CAS/BCAR1. (molvis.org)
Functions and mechanisms of the GPCR adaptor protein Norbin. (qcfail.com)

The SRC Homology 3 Domain (or SH3 domain) is a small protein domain of about 60 amino acid residues. (wikipedia.org)
Merlin has high homology with the ERM proteins (ezrin, radixin, and moesin) and shares an amino-terminal domain. (bmj.com)
The p53 interacting partner protein NUMB (homology of numb protein) preserves this intrinsic cellular asymmetry by preventing ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of p53 catalyzed by the MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase 11 . (nature.com)

It has also been identified in several other protein families such as: PI3 Kinase, Ras GTPase-activating protein, CDC24 and cdc25. (wikipedia.org)
This has led to the development of a range of ERK1/2 inhibitors (ERKi) that either inhibit kinase catalytic activity (catERKi) or additionally prevent the activating pT-E-pY dual phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by MEK1/2 (dual-mechanism or dmERKi). (babraham.ac.uk)
This study demonstrated that the Receptor for Activated C-Kinase 1 (RACK1) is important in SC function. (sdbonline.org)
Par3 and Par6 bind one another and atypical protein kinase C (aPKC). (rupress.org)

HER2/neu (also called ERB B2 ) is the gene that encodes the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2. (cancerquest.org)

We have developed cellular models of NF1-mutated bronchial carcinoma, using the CRISPR Cas9 genome editing technique. (institutcochin.fr)
Gene expression is a key determinant of cellular phenotype, and genome-wide expression analysis can provide insight into the molecular events underlying complex processes such as aging. (nature.com)
Mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics identified thirteen protein networks distinctly regulated by DN R-Ras, including multiple networks regulating cellular movement and morphology. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition of R-Ras/R-Ras2 and ROCK1 signaling also triggered the accumulation of abnormal intracellular vesicles, indicating that these signaling molecules regulate the movement of proteins and other molecules in the cellular interior. (biomedcentral.com)
Ras signaling is activated by cellular receptors including receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), cytokines receptors, and extracellular matrix receptors [ 12 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Ran is a Ras-family GTPase that plays critical roles in multiple cellular processes including nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, nuclear envelope assembly and mitotic spindle assembly. (nih.gov)

Both proteins were activated in neurofibromin-null MPNST cells. (biomedcentral.com)
loss of neurofibromin could cause these Ras proteins to become persistently active, leading to the development of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we examined the expression, activation and action of R-Ras proteins in MPNST cells that have lost neurofibromin. (biomedcentral.com)

The GTPase signalling molecules RhoA and Rac1 regulate merlin function, but to date only mutation in the NF2 gene has been identified as a causal event in schwannoma formation. (bmj.com)

The mutant proteins often retain some of their capabilities but are no longer sensitive to the controls that regulate the normal form of the protein. (cancerquest.org)
Rho proteins promote reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and regulate cell shape, attachment, and motility. (cancerindex.org)
Proteins that regulate vesicle exocytosis cluster at AZs, composing the cytomatrix at the active zone (CAZ). (eneuro.org)
Cdc42 interacts with proteins that regulate endocytosis and exocytosis and mediate traffic between ER and Golgi. (rupress.org)

Alterations in Ras signaling are implicated in the development of different diseases, such as neurological disorders, developmental disorders, and autism. (encyclopedia.pub)

In mammalian cells, as many as twenty types of protein have been reported to bind to activated Cdc42 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The ~200 amino acid TBC/rab GTPase-activating protein (GAP) domain is well conserved across species and has been found in a wide range of different proteins from plant adhesion molecules to mammalian oncogenes. (embl.de)

Transforming activity of the Rho family GTPase, Wrch-1, a Wnt-regulated Cdc42 homolog, is dependent on a novel carboxyl-terminal palmitoylation motif. (xenbase.org)

Classical SH3 domains are restricted in humans to intracellular proteins, although the small human MIA family of extracellular proteins also contain a domain with an SH3-like fold. (wikipedia.org)

The goal of our research was to produce molecular resources using whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing techniques. (biomedcentral.com)
The whole-genome sequencing has shown common or crystalline ice plants ( Mesembryanthemum crystallinum ) to switch from Calvin- Benson Cycle (C3) to CAM photosynthesis under a salt stress [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Rapid detection of intracellular SH2D1A protein in cytotoxic lymphocytes from patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease and their family members. (lu.se)

and proteins that interact with members of the Arp2/3 complex and hence the actin cytoskeleton (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
In its GTP-bound form, Cdc42 binds several effectors that help direct polarized cell growth: repolarizing actin and microtubules, directing polarized exocytosis via this reoriented cytoskeleton and by direct contact with exocytic machinery, and recruiting proteins such as septins that form a boundary restricting the region of cell growth. (rupress.org)

The analysis of Cdc42 and Rac function in evolutionarily distant organisms is useful as a tool to uncover the basic activities of these proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
By regulating filamentous actin, Cdc42 and Rac exert a profound effect on cell shape, polarity, migration, cell:cell and cell:matrix adhesion, protein traffic, and cytokinesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Many, but not all, of these effectors contain a conserved 18 amino-acid binding motif that has been termed CRIB (Cdc42-Rac interactive binding), PBD (p21-binding domain) or GBD (GTPase-binding domain) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
183:1129-1143) provide new insights into how Cdc42 and Par proteins work together to modulate cell adhesion and polarity during embryonic morphogenesis by regulating the traffic of key cell junction proteins. (rupress.org)
As a small membrane-associated GTPase, Cdc42 is well suited to designate where and when a particular activity should occur ( Etienne-Manneville, 2004 ). (rupress.org)
At sites of polar growth, Cdc42 is activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors. (rupress.org)
Cdc42 activation is limited temporally and spatially by several GTPase-activating proteins. (rupress.org)
Par proteins, like Cdc42, play conserved roles in cell polarity in many contexts, from early embryos to epithelial apical-basal polarity ( Goldstein and Macara, 2007 ). (rupress.org)

OMIM: 190,070) encodes one of three small guanosine triphosphatase proteins belonging to the RAS family. (biomedcentral.com)

Small GTPase Tc10 and its homologue RhoT induce N-WASP-mediated long process formation and neurite outgrowth. (xenbase.org)
Genomic structure and assignment of the RhoH/TTF small GTPase gene (ARHH) to 4p13 by in situ hybridization. (xenbase.org)
At the Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the small GTPase Rab3 controls the distribution of CAZ proteins across release sites, thereby regulating the efficacy of individual AZs. (eneuro.org)
Notch signaling is aberrantly activated in breast cancer, non‑small‑cell lung cancer and hematological malignancies, such as T‑cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma. (spandidos-publications.com)

Our studies reveal that Rab3 and Rab3-GEF act within the same molecular mechanism and support a model wherein Rab3-GEF serves as a Rab3 effector to control active zone protein composition. (eneuro.org)
The putative effector-binding site of this protein is similar to that of the RAB/YPT proteins. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)

MIM:614857), a then 11-deoxycortisol focal Defect of Cbl secretion expressed by activated Tregs of the molecules gut( AdoCbl) and methylcobalamin( MeCbl). (evakoch.com)

The long term goal of our research is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which proteins are targeted to specific and distinct compartments. (stanford.edu)
Trafficking between the nucleus and cytoplasm occurs through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which consist of ca. thirty distinct proteins called nucleoporins. (nih.gov)

The RAS family consists of three proteins all sharing a highly conserved N-terminus region: Harvey RAS (HRAS), Kirsten RAS (KRAS) and neuroblastoma RAS (NRAS). (biomedcentral.com)

Four candidate oncogenes were validated for DNA copy number and mRNA and protein expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH), reverse transcriptase-qPCR (RT-qPCR), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in more patients. (biomedcentral.com)

In 1986, the NF2 gene was mapped to chromosome 22, and in 1993, two groups independently isolated the gene and named its encoding protein merlin or schwannomin. (bmj.com)
Our studies concentrate on a GTPase called Ran and on a family of s mall u biquitin-like mo difiers (SUMOs), which are indispensable for mitotic chromosome segregation. (nih.gov)
The ultimate goals of our studies are to understand how these proteins enable accurate chromosome segregation and to discover how they are coordinated with each other and with other aspects of cell physiology. (nih.gov)

Interacting with tyrosine kinases, SH3 proteins usually bind far away from the active site. (wikipedia.org)

Ras Proteins" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/14072 (accessed December 07, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)

Much of our current work concerns the RanBP2 complex, which consists of RanBP2 (a large nucleoporin that is also known as Nup358), SUMO-1-conjugated RanGAP1 (the activating protein for the Ran GTPase), and Ubc9 (the conjugating enzyme for the SUMO family of ubiquitin-like modifiers). (nih.gov)
This download is the types and cells led from a human assembly target content soccer methylated alongside the set of two interaction localizing enzyme proteins in New Zealand. (evakoch.com)

Proteins in cells with or without DN R-Ras expression were differentially labeled with SILAC and mass spectrometry was used to identify phosphoproteins and determine their relative quantities in the presence and absence of DN R-Ras. (biomedcentral.com)
Cluster analysis identified 3 gene expression signatures on the basis of IRF4 and IRGs expression which were differentially used by SLE and RA patients. (frontiersin.org)

During interphase, several kinetochore proteins stably bind to NPCs (e.g. (nih.gov)
The asymmetrical distribution of Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP drives cargo transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm through karyopherins, a family of nuclear transport carrier proteins that bind to Ran-GTP. (nih.gov)

We show here that Rab3-GEF is required for controlling the protein composition of release sites in the Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ). (eneuro.org)

This case of idiopathic splenomegaly in childhood due to a somatic variant in KRAS expands our understanding of the clinical spectrum of RAS-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disorder and emphasizes the value of securing a molecular diagnosis in children with unusual early-onset presentations with a suspected monogenic origin. (biomedcentral.com)
It is thought, however, that in patients with tumors harboring a mutated KRAS gene, the KRAS-encoded GTPase protein is always turned on, regardless of whether EGFR is activated or therapeutically inhibited. (genengnews.com)

A broad activation of IRGs was observed in autoimmune patients, although certain heterogeneity can be distinguished, whereas IRF4 was only upregulated in RA. (frontiersin.org)
These results also suggest the coupling of RACK1 to muscle unfolded protein response during SC activation. (sdbonline.org)

GTP binding to Ras induces changes in conformation, mainly in two regions named switch I and switch II, that greatly increase the affinity of Ras for its downstream effectors [ 14 ] [ 15 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Furthermore, gene overexpression is also frequently associated to antifungal resistance as well as an increase in the activity of proteins that reduce oxidative damage. (intechopen.com)

The eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha, currently termed eEF1A, is a member of the G protein family, and one of the four subunits that compose the eukaryotic elongation factor 1 [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Identification of a Sec4p GTPase-activating protein (GAP) as a novel member of a Rab GAP family. (embl.de)
The RAS-related proteins of the RAB/YPT family may play a role in the transport of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi and the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)

Ras proteins act as molecular switches that cycle between two conformational states: an active GTP-bound state and an inactive GDP-bound state. (encyclopedia.pub)

The 3' replication has freely activated by RNase Z surface, a mature binding in receptors( reviewed in Maraia and Lamichhane 2011). (evakoch.com)

Genome-wide transcriptional profiling using RNA-Seq revealed few age-related changes in gene expression in muscle and esophagus tissue. (nature.com)

There is growing evidence that host cells try to control Herpesvirus infections by activating the autophagic machinery. (mdpi.com)
At synapses, neurotransmitter exocytosis is regulated by a complex of release machinery proteins. (eneuro.org)

2017). Moreover, Golgi-associated Rab29 can recruit LRRK2 to the surface of the Golgi and activate it there for both auto- and Rab substrate phosphorylation. (stanford.edu)

SH3 domain-mediated protein-protein interaction networks, i.e. (wikipedia.org)
TBC1D15-NOTCH1 interaction activated and stabilized NOTCH1 which upregulated transcription of NANOG essential for TIC expansion. (nature.com)

However, DN R-Ras inhibition impaired migration and invasion but not survival. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms13

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs88

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes108

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science12

Health Care1

Superfamily8

Genes18

Mutations9

Pathway9

Pathways10

Tumor4

GTPases5

Proto-oncogene2

Subfamily3

GAPs4

Hydrolysis1

Inhibitor2

Progression2

Subset3

Proliferation6

Signal transduction1

Adaptor6

Homology3

Kinase4

Epidermal growth f1

Cellular6

Neurofibromin3

Rac11

Regulate4

Alterations1

Mammalian2

Homolog1

Extracellular1

Whole genome2

Intracellular1

Cytoskeleton2

Cdc428

OMIM1

Small4

Effector3

Molecules1

Distinct2

NRAS1

Oncogenes1

Chromosome3

Tyrosine1

20231

Enzyme2

Differentially2

Bind2

Drosophila1

KRAS2

Activation2

Downstream1

Oxidative1

Family3

Molecular switches1

Receptors1

Transcriptional1

Machinery2

Phosphorylation1

Interaction2

Inhibition1