Obligate intracellularIntracellularTractTrichomonasOcularAsymptomaticImmunityCausative agentPathogensStrainsGenitourinaryEctopic pregnancySystemicSymptomsVirulence factorsPelvic inflammSexually transmitteChlamydialPopulationsInfectiousTrachomaOccurBacteriaAntibioticsUrethraSerovarsMycobacteriumPathogenesisNeonatalClinicalChronicVaginalProteinsTransmissionFundamentalInflammationSpecificallyCellsAdultsPublic healthPatientsTreatmentBladderCasesChallengesSpecificClose
Obligate intracellular3
- Chlamydia trachomatis are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause ocular and genital infections, which are a significant public health concern worldwide. (europa.eu)
- Chlamydia (klah-MID-e-a) are obligate intracellular bacteria that are propagated and maintained through a phylum defining bi-phasic developmental cycle. (ku.edu)
- Infection with the obligate intracellular organism Chlamydia trachomatis (immunotypes D-K) frequently associates with other lower genitourinary (GU) tract infections. (medscape.com)
Intracellular1
- Chronic infections, particularly those which are primarily characterized by an asymptomatic intracellular life cycle, e.g., latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI), hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, Chlamydia trachomatis infection, cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections, present a unique premise to decipher the fine balance between protective host immune responses, immunopathology and full-fledged clinical disease. (frontiersin.org)
Tract6
- The primary sites of localization for M. hominis is the oropharynx and the genitourinary tract with positive pathogenicity. (wikipedia.org)
- Women with clinical symptoms of tract [ 8 ] and disrupting various stages of lower genital tract infection were excluded fertilization [ 9 ]. (who.int)
- The pathogenesis is not clearly understood, but the source of infection comes from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. (medscape.com)
- Chlamydia trachomatis causes both genital tract and ocular diseases. (ku.edu)
- However, these symptoms are nonspecific and may also be associated with infection of the lower genitourinary tract (urethra, vagina) or with noninfectious conditions such as bladder carcinoma, urethral diverticulum, and calculi. (medscape.com)
- The major defense against urinary tract infection (UTI) is complete emptying of the bladder during urination. (msdmanuals.com)
Trichomonas2
- Keywords: Vaginitis [IS-03] Trichomonas vaginalis genital infections: progress and challenges Laura Hinkle Bachmann Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC Background: Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) is the most prevalent curable sexually transmitted infection in the United States and worldwide. (paperzz.com)
- There may be findings that are unrelated to cervical cancer, such as signs of infection with yeast, herpes, or Trichomonas vaginalis (a type of sexually transmitted disease), for example. (com.ng)
Ocular1
- It also causes pneumonia and ocular infections and is the leading cause of preventable blindness. (ufl.edu)
Asymptomatic4
- Rectal infections often asymptomatic, but can cause rectal and anal pain or discharge. (cyberderm.net)
- are asymptomatic (person infected and contagious but haven't developed symptoms yet to encourage clinical interactions and diagnosis) indicating well over two million new infections annually in the US. (ku.edu)
- Most TV infections are asymptomatic and the accurate diagnosis of this infection has been limited by lack of sufficiently sensitive and specific diagnostic tests, particularly for men. (paperzz.com)
- When compared to previous years, 2019 infection rates increased among people of all genders, all races and ethnicities, and in every region of the U.S. Most cases of chlamydia are asymptomatic, which means there are no signs or symptoms of an infection. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
Immunity3
- Development of a vaccine has been hindered by the lack of vertebrate animal models that more closely mimics human immune responses as well as characterization of the correlates for immunity to human Chlamydia infections. (ku.edu)
- While a great deal of effort has focused on defining their role in immunity to infections, studies now reveal T RM cells as a vital component of the host immune response to cancer. (frontiersin.org)
- He has served as Secretary-Treasurer of the Chlamydia Basic Research Society and Mini-reviews Editor for Infection and Immunity. (ufl.edu)
Causative agent1
- Granulomas in CD have been postulated to represent an adaptive mechanism for removal or localization of the causative agent because patients with a long clinical history show fewer granulomas than do those with a shorter clinical history. (medscape.com)
Pathogens1
- In addition, we evaluated that participates in the etiology of some infer- the presence of different genital pathogens, tility disorders, including polycystic ovarian in particular M. hominis and U. urealyticum , failure [ 2 ]. (who.int)
Strains2
- Multilocus and SNP typing can now be used to detect diverse and emerging C. trachomatis strains for epidemiologic and evolutionary studies of trachoma and STI populations worldwide. (cdc.gov)
- Antibiotic resistance is a major public health threat and while two major classes of antibiotics (e.g., macrolides and tetracyclines) are effective at clearing Chlamydia infections, resistance to one of these has already been observed in pigs strains (yes…there is pig Chlamydia ! (ku.edu)
Genitourinary1
- It can occur spontaneously, during certain tissue infections, with use of indwelling genitourinary or IV catheters, or after dental. (msdmanuals.com)
Ectopic pregnancy1
- Yes, treatment is necessary for chlamydia, particularly in women of childbearing age, because it reduces the risk of chlamydia-associated ectopic pregnancy, fertility problems, and the transmission of chlamydia to neonates during birth. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
Systemic5
- rarely systemic infection (disseminated gonorrhea). (cyberderm.net)
- Oral tetracyclines have historically been the drugs of choice for use against urogenital and systemic infections due to M. hominis. (wikipedia.org)
- Eosinophilic cystitis, a rare condition, can be associated with allergic and autoimmune diseases such as lupus, parasitic infection, and systemic peripheral eosinophilia, such as in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome . (medscape.com)
- Systemic symptoms and even sepsis may occur with kidney infection. (msdmanuals.com)
- Systemic infection can result from UTI, particularly in older patients. (msdmanuals.com)
Symptoms1
- Different females suffering from dysmenorrhoea present with different symptoms regarding the character, localization, extension and severity of pain. (cure4incurables.in)
Virulence factors1
- To study the function of known effectors, we focused on the C. trachomatis Inc proteins, an important group of potential chlamydial virulence factors. (europa.eu)
Pelvic inflamm3
- Untreated infection in women can cause pelvic inflammatory disease. (cyberderm.net)
- These infections can lead to acute (e.g. urethritis), chronic (e.g. pelvic inflammatory disease), and life threatening/preventing disease pathologies (e.g. ectopic pregnancies and sterility). (ku.edu)
- In women, of all ages, chlamydia treatment reduces the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
Sexually transmitte4
- Chlamydia trachomatis is a global cause of blinding trachoma and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). (cdc.gov)
- Worldwide, C. trachomatis is the leading preventable cause of blindness and bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs). (cdc.gov)
- In the absence of a vaccine, a NIH priority is to develop a vaginal delivered microbicide that empowers females for protection against sexually transmitted infections. (ku.edu)
- Chlamydia is a major cause of sexually transmitted infections worldwide. (ufl.edu)
Chlamydial2
- After chlamydial urethritis, the second most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection. (cyberderm.net)
- There is also some concern that azithromycin may not be as effective for anogenital chlamydial infections. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
Populations1
- Chlamydia infections disproportionately affect non-Hispanic Black populations. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
Infectious2
- According to the CDC, C. trachomatis has the highest incidence of infection among ALL reportable infectious diseases in the US! (ku.edu)
- Studies in infectious disease models have provided a wealth of information regarding memory CD8 T cell generation and localization. (frontiersin.org)
Trachoma1
Occur2
- More than half of all diagnosed chlamydia cases in the U.S. occur in this age group. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
- AGUS can occur with infections or with a change in the cells on the surface of your cervix or in the canal of your cervix. (com.ng)
Bacteria3
- A better understanding of C. trachomatis basic biology is important to eventually develop new ways to combat infections caused by these bacteria. (europa.eu)
- Chlamydia is the most common STI caused by bacteria. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
- In men, treatment for chlamydia stops them from infecting or reinfecting sexual partners with the bacteria. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
Antibiotics1
- Treat any person testing positive for chlamydia with a recommended course of antibiotics promptly. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
Urethra1
- Bacterial cystitis is most commonly the result of an ascending infection through the urethra caused by the patient's own enteric microbiota. (medscape.com)
Serovars1
- Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis- specifically, serovars L1, L2, and L3. (medscape.com)
Mycobacterium1
- Granulomatous cystitis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is often secondary to primary kidney involvement. (medscape.com)
Pathogenesis1
Neonatal2
- Perinatal gonococcal infection can cause neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum). (cyberderm.net)
- M. hominis is also suspected to be the cause of neonatal infections such as conjunctivitis, respiratory distress, fever, meningitis, abscesses, and congenital pneumonia. (wikipedia.org)
Clinical4
- We used comparative genomics of the family Chlamydiaceae to select conserved housekeeping genes for C. trachomatis multilocus sequencing, characterizing 19 reference and 68 clinical isolates from 6 continental/subcontinental regions. (cdc.gov)
- Our understanding of the immune system stems, in great part, from studying the host response to infection, which in most individuals leads to the absence of clinical disease and establishment of highly apt immunological memory. (frontiersin.org)
- We will first highlight some of the major neoplasia-associated infections of clinical relevance in the context of neoplasia and immune response modulation. (frontiersin.org)
- The second part of the review discusses potential host-directed interventional strategies based on existing translational and clinical knowledge of infection-induced inflammation, as well as cancer initiation/progression models. (frontiersin.org)
Chronic1
- It should be considered in patients with chronic suppurative perianal disease who are immunocompromised or who have HIV infection. (medscape.com)
Vaginal1
- ASCUS may be caused by a vaginal infection or an infection with a virus called HPV (human papillomavirus, or wart virus). (com.ng)
Proteins6
- Then, we selected 48 genes that may encode uncharacterised effectors (e. g. no detectable amino acid identity to other proteins or with a particular putative biochemical activity) from the genome of C. trachomatis strain L2/434/Bu. (europa.eu)
- we tested if these 22 C. trachomatis proteins with an N-terminal T3S signal were also secreted as full-length proteins after PyopE-dependent expression in Y. enterocolitica. (europa.eu)
- Thirteen proteins showed a statistically significant higher level of secretion than full-length C. trachomatis RplJ. (europa.eu)
- In summary, we have identified 22 novel putative C. trachomatis T3S effectors, seven of which were also secreted as full-length proteins by Y. enterocolitica in different experimental conditions. (europa.eu)
- Therefore, these 7 proteins are very likely novel effectors of C. trachomatis. (europa.eu)
- We have raised rabbit polyclonal antibodies against 5 of these proteins and we are currently analysing their subcellular localisation in C. trachomatis infected cells. (europa.eu)
Transmission1
- Transmission by infected secretions during genital, ano-rectal or oral sex. (cyberderm.net)
Fundamental2
Inflammation1
- Granulomatous inflammation can arise from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection. (medscape.com)
Specifically1
- For this, specifically we aimed to (i) identify novel C. trachomatis type III secretion (T3S) effectors and (ii) further understand the secretion and function of known effectors. (europa.eu)
Cells2
- Although overt inflammatory responses play a major role in malignant transformation of host cells following an infection, it is a disbalanced immune responses, which contribute to drive malignant transformation. (frontiersin.org)
- This change in the cells of the cervix often occurs from cervical cap or diaphragm use or from infection. (com.ng)
Adults1
- M. hominis infections are usually not seen in healthy adults. (wikipedia.org)
Public health2
- C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae, have an immense impact on public health in the US and globally. (ku.edu)
- Despite excellent educational and awareness programs, conditional prevention strategies are insufficiently addressing the public health challenge associated with Chlamydia infection rates. (ku.edu)
Patients2
- Effective alternatives to the 5- nitroimidazole drugs are needed for patients with drug allergy and nitroimidazole resistant TV infections. (paperzz.com)
- In patients with cancer of the genital organs, in the specific case cancer of the endometrium (the lining of the uterus), latest trend is removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries and lymph glands in the pelvis (pelvic) and outside the pelvis (para-aortic and paracaval), by laparoscopic way. (com.mk)
Treatment3
- STD guidelines still favor azithromycin over doxycycline for the treatment of chlamydia. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
- If you're under 25 years of age, you should be offered a repeat test for chlamydia 3 to 6 months after finishing your treatment because you're at a higher risk of catching it again. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
- As expected, the unfaltering developed a momentous urinary infection, for the treatment of which antibi- otic therapy was started. (mein-schoenefeld.info)
Bladder1
- C trachomatis infection has also been linked to painful bladder syndrome (PBS). (medscape.com)
Cases2
- Co-infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is detected in 10-40% of the cases. (cyberderm.net)
- Nearly 2 million cases of chlamydia were reported to the CDC in 2019. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
Specific1
Close1
- Chlamydia trachomatis is spread by close social contact or sexual activity. (cdc.gov)