AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceHealth Care
SkinKeratinocytesUltraviolet RaysFibroblastsMelanocytesEpidermisCells, CulturedSkin NeoplasmsSkin AgingDose-Response Relationship, RadiationNuclear ReprogrammingSkin Physiological PhenomenaSkin, ArtificialInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsCell DedifferentiationDermisSkin DiseasesSkin PigmentationOctamer Transcription Factor-3Cell DifferentiationPluripotent Stem CellsSkin AbsorptionSunlightSOXB1 Transcription FactorsMice, HairlessCell TransdifferentiationCysteamineCell LineMelaninsNuclear Transfer TechniquesWound HealingEmbryonic Stem CellsSkin TestsTrans-SplicingAdministration, TopicalPyrimidine DimersRNA, MessengerDNA DamageErythemaOxidative StressCell ProliferationPhotosensitizing AgentsGene Expression RegulationEpigenesis, GeneticSignal TransductionMelanomaKeratinsGene ExpressionKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsCell Line, TransformedMice, Inbred C57BLModels, BiologicalCell FusionCell LineageTranscription FactorsBase SequenceCell SurvivalCell Culture TechniquesTransgenesSkin TransplantationRegenerative MedicineMutationApoptosisDermatitisSkin Physiological ProcessesLentivirusImmunohistochemistryGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHydrogen PeroxideHomeodomain ProteinsCell DivisionAdministration, CutaneousReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSebaceous GlandsSkin UlcerHerpesvirus 1, HumanSkin Diseases, BacterialDose-Response Relationship, DrugMicroscopy, FluorescenceReactive Oxygen SpeciesDNA RepairBlisterCulture Media, ConditionedStem CellsSunscreening AgentsLangerhans CellsCarcinoma, Basal CellDNAMolecular Sequence DataSweat GlandsStress, PhysiologicalGenetic VectorsInjections, IntradermalKeratosisMicroRNAsMice, TransgenicHair FollicleGene Expression ProfilingPsoriasisPhenotype
Pluripotent stemIPSCsEmbryosGenesScientistsIPSCResearchersEpigeneticGeneticTissueTherapeuticShinya YamanakaTumorsPluripotencySuccessfullyProgenitor cellsSomatic cell nucleusGraftsFibroblastsPatient's own cellsProteinsIdenticalBone marrowMiceSchizophreniaVitroEmbryonic CellNucleusRetinal cellsBehaveDerived from adultHiPSCDonorTissuesDifferentiationBiologyRegenerative medicineAutologousKyoto UniversityDifferentiateEmbryoTherapiesFetalNeuralCellularGenerateMitalipovEssentiallyTransformCreateMoleculesTypesImmunePotentialOrgansAdult cellPotentiallyRejuvenationDiseaseAbilityEnzymaticGrownDendritic cellsType
Pluripotent stem48
IPSCs19
  • In order to avoid tissue rejection, they used autologous iPSCs-iPSCs that were created from the recipient's own skin cells. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • To test whether MHC matching is a viable method, the team used retinal pigment cells that were grown from monkey iPSCs in the iPS cell bank at the Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • In a separate study published in the same issue of Stem Cell Reports , the researchers saw similar results when they repeated this last experiment with human T cells and HLA-matched or unmatched retinal pigment cells grown from IPSCs. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Teratomas, benign tumors containing the developing cells of different body parts, allowed researchers to see if the iPSCs could form the body's three basic germ cell lines - endoderm (gut region), ectoderm (epidermis, nerve tissue, etc.) and mesoderm (muscles, blood cells, etc. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Specialized iPSCs are reprogrammed from adult skin or infant cord blood cells and can become any cell type in the body - a condition called pluripotency that mimics the function of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Although the technology to produce safe and effective iPSCs exists, study authors report they encountered an unexpected number of wobbly production processes for the cells. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Researchers also compared the molecular and functional characteristics of iPSCs to human embryonic stem cells, which are used sparingly as a gold standard for benchmarking quality. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Being pluripotent means iPSCs can generate cells from each of the three basic germ cell lines that form the body - endoderm (gut region), ectoderm (epidermis, nerve tissue, etc.) and mesoderm (muscles, blood cells, etc. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The cells are formally termed "iPSCs. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • For reasons not fully understood, this integrated gene combination goes right to work reprogramming the skin, transforming it into a batch of versatile iPSCs. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • If you could use iPSCs to generate a truly functioning organ, then you would have this unlimited suitcase of spare parts that would be genetically matched to individuals," Stephen Duncan, the director of the Regenerative Medicine Center at the Medical College of Wisconsin, told The Scientist in July. (the-scientist.com)
  • To create iPSCs, scientists genetically reprogram the adult stem cells so they behave like embryonic stem cells. (healthline.com)
  • Like embryonic stem cells, iPSCs can differentiate to become almost any specific type of cell - but no embryos are involved, so there are no ethical concerns about its use. (cityofhope.org)
  • The cells that can be reprogrammed into iPSCs can be easily taken from skin or blood. (cityofhope.org)
  • Another advantage is that iPSCs can be used as an autologous treatment - one derived from the patient's own cells - so there will be no immune reaction or need for long-term immunosuppressant medications to avoid rejection. (cityofhope.org)
  • Because iPSCs are very easy to manipulate genetically, the idea was that by introducing a functional ASPA gene into a Canavan disease patient through iPSC-derived brain cells, the excess NAA could be removed from the brain to help it heal," Shi explained. (cityofhope.org)
  • Given that fully reprogrammed iPSCs readily form tumors known as teratomas, scientists must determine whether the cellular clock can be wound back safely in humans-which means the race to the clinic will likely be a marathon rather than a sprint. (scientificamerican.com)
  • When the iPSCs are cultured in the lab, a few spontaneously lose the Y chromosome, which isn't essential for the growth of this particular type of cell, generating "XO" cells, Hayashi explained. (ball-pythons.net)
  • The advent of iPSCs has opened up the possibility to graft patient-specific cells which most likely would circumvent the need for immunosuppression. (lu.se)
Embryos19
  • The MIT Technology Review published on Wednesday a news report about the first-known experiment to create genetically modified human embryos in the United States using a gene-editing tool called CRISPR. (cnn.com)
  • The MIT Technology Review reported that the researchers in Portland, Oregon, edited the DNA of a large number of one-cell embryos, specifically targeting genes associated with inherited diseases in those embryos. (cnn.com)
  • Previously, scientists in China were the first in the world to reveal attempts to modify genes in human embryos using CRISPR. (cnn.com)
  • Three separate papers were published in scientific journals describing various studies in China on gene editing in human embryos. (cnn.com)
  • It's not the first time anybody has CRISPR-ed human embryos. (cnn.com)
  • this approach has been championed as an answer to the many issues concerning embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the destruction of viable embryos for medical use, though questions remain on how homologous the two cell types truly are. (wikipedia.org)
  • Help NCER save human lives and stop research in Nebraska that increases demand for the destruction of human embryos! (ethicalresearch.net)
  • Human embryonic stem cell research is ethically and politically controversial because since it involves the destruction of human embryos that have the potential to become human beings, it is the topic of several debates addressing morals and beliefs. (ysjournal.com)
  • Researchers reported in Nature on November 22, 2007, that they successfully isolated 2 embryonic stem cell lines from cloned embryos made using cells from the skin of an adult rhesus macaque. (nih.gov)
  • Embryonic stem cells come from human embryos that are three to five days old. (healthline.com)
  • These scientists destroyed the embryos and derived stem cell lines. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • Most embryos…formed one or two pronuclei at the time of removal from TSA, whereas a slightly higher portion of embryos cleaved…suggesting that some SCNT embryos did not exhibit visible pronuclei at the time of examination… Most cleaved embryos developed to the eight-cell stage…but few progressed to compact morula…and blastocyst. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • Activation of embryonic genes and transcription from the transplanted somatic cell nucleus are required for development of SCNT embryos beyond the eight-cell stage…Therefore, these results are consistent with the premise that our modified SCNT protocol supports reprogramming of human somatic cells to the embryonic state. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • But it is an important step in research because it doesn't require the use of embryos in creating the type of stem cell capable of transforming into any other type of cell in the body. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • The Los Angeles Times has waded in to the junk biology game, assuring us that no embryos are threatened in human cloning-WHEN THE WHOLE POINT OF HUMAN CLONING IS TO CREATE AN EMBRYO! (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • The end may be in sight for the debate over "harvesting" human embryos for their stem-cells in the pursuit of possible medical cures. (stanguthrie.com)
  • Apparently adult stem cells--those cells gotten from human body tissues and not embryos--have the potential to be just as versatile for medical research as ESCs--but without the need to kill nascent human life. (stanguthrie.com)
  • What these scientists can now do is essentially to take any type of cell and turn it into the equivalent of an embryonic stem cell-without needing embryos or egg cells. (stanguthrie.com)
  • In the mouse study, very few of the embryos generated using mouse cells resulted in live offspring and the final steps required to convert germ cells into eggs have not been reliably reproduced using human cells," added Mitchell, who is also a consultant pediatric endocrinologist at the Royal Hospital for Children and Young People in Edinburgh. (ball-pythons.net)
Genes24
  • A potential use of stem cells genetically matched to a patient would be to create cell lines that have genes linked to a patient's particular disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, if a person with Parkinson's disease donated their somatic cells, the stem cells resulting from SCNT would have genes that contribute to Parkinson's disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epigenetics refers to molecular processes that affect the way specific genes are expressed in a cell. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • It was found out that, with the expression of only four genes, Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4, somatic stem cells could be reprogrammed into the pluripotent-like state. (ysjournal.com)
  • This includes some cell lines contaminated with bacteria or carrying genes and mutations associated with cancer. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The cells were generated with a variety of genes, methods and cells of origin, such as adult skin or infant cord blood cells. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The different methods included a variety of reprogramming genes, vectors (engineered viruses that deliver genetic material to cells), or the use of plasmids (small DNA molecules that can deliver reprogramming genes). (neurosciencenews.com)
  • They genetically modified mice to respond to the antibiotic doxycycline by switching on four genes that produce the Yamanaka factors before cycling the mice on and off the drug, administering it for two days and then withholding it for five. (singularityhub.com)
  • Two separate research teams have figured out how to "reprogram" cells with just a handful of genes to give them the characteristics of embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
  • The egg then "reprograms" the adult nucleus so that the cell behaves like an embryo but has the genes of the adult cell. (nih.gov)
  • For example, the human genome has been found to contain genes from the borna virus that were gained about 40 million years ago. (listverse.com)
  • And yet another team skirted the usual step of inserting genes into cells and instead used small molecules to coax cells into a pluripotent state. (the-scientist.com)
  • The mouse model had been designed to include relevant human genes involved in blood production, including the defective version of that gene. (medicalxpress.com)
  • These cells were modified by a standard lab technique employing retroviruses customized to insert genes into the cell's DNA. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The inserted genes were Oct4, Sox2, Lif4 and c-Myc, known to act together as master regulators to keep cells in an embryonic-stem-cell-like state. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Potential alternatives include other forms of viruses, synthesized versions of the proteins created by the four master regulator genes that are modified to enter the cell nucleus, and small molecules, Hanna says. (medicalxpress.com)
  • This is the latest in a recent surge of investment in ventures seeking to build anti-aging interventions on the back of basic research into epigenetic reprogramming (modifying chemical marks on DNA to turn genes on or off). (scientificamerican.com)
  • influences which genes are activated and which tend to change as cells age. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Their findings, published in the journal Cell Reports , show that one of these molecules, a miRNA known as miR-9, is a risk factor that controls the activity of hundreds of genes. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Schizophrenia is a very complex disorder that is believed to be strongly genetically influenced-there are probably more than 1,000 genes contributing to its development, some or many of which will affect individual patients,' says Kristen Brennand, PhD, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, and one of the study's lead authors. (technologynetworks.com)
  • This process of genetic engineering, which introduces specific genes to create cells that mimic embryonic stem cells, was pioneered by Nobel Prize-winning scientist Shinya Yamanaka . (ball-pythons.net)
  • Here, we identified the M. leprae genes required for the biosynthesis of the species-specific saccharidic domain of PGL-1 and reprogrammed seven enzymatic steps in M. bovis BCG to make it synthesize and display PGL-1 in the context of an M. leprae-like cell envelope. (bvsalud.org)
  • The recent identification of M. leprae-unique genes has allowed the analysis of human T-cell responses to novel M. leprae antigens. (bvsalud.org)
  • The insulin-producing cells that we can make from these patients can then be used to understand the mechanisms by which these risk genes cause dysfunction of beta-cells. (lu.se)
Scientists30
  • In proof-of-concept experiments, Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists say they have successfully cultivated human muscle stem cells capable of renewing themselves and repairing muscle tissue damage in mice, potentially advancing efforts to treat muscle injuries and muscle-wasting disorders in people. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • To make the self-renewing stem cells, the scientists began with laboratory-grown human skin cells that were genetically reprogrammed to a more primitive state in which the cells have the potential to become almost any type of cell in the body. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In the laboratory, scientists have long been able to transform IPS cells into various types of cells, including skin and brain cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In the United States, scientists at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, the University of California San Francisco, the Oregon Health & Science University, Stemagen (La Jolla, CA) and possibly Advanced Cell Technology are currently researching a technique to use somatic cell nuclear transfer to produce embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Part of the Progenitor Cell Biology Consortium, the scientists are working to make sure this growing area of medical research is grounded in safe and sound science. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • It gives scientists open access to data from the study to support their own research into potential iPSC-based stem cell therapies. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Once there was a reliable way to manufacture healthy hiPSCs, scientists could turn their attention toward their most important goal: learning how to create the cell type they wanted to study. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • In fact, scientists have isolated about 100,000 elements of human DNA that have come from viruses, mostly within what is called our "junk DNA. (listverse.com)
  • In December alone, scientists demonstrated that CRISPR/Cas9 can correct disease causing genetic defects in mammals and human stem cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • In August, scientists raised small, three-dimensional models of embryonic human brains that could form some of the complex structures of the organ. (the-scientist.com)
  • Several months ago, scientists in Israel found a way to overcome one of the biggest limitations of inducing stem cells-the technique's inefficiency. (the-scientist.com)
  • Scientists from the University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy reported results from early studies that demonstrate how cancer-hunting stem cells, developed from skin cells, can track down and deliver a drug to destroy medulloblastoma cells hiding after surgery. (drugdiscoverytrends.com)
  • In this way, scientists can reengineer living cells to carry out specific functions, including the ability to sense and signal the presence of viruses and toxins. (mit.edu)
  • However, many of these newly programmed cells have only been demonstrated in situ , within Petri dishes, where scientists can carefully control the nutrient levels necessary to keep the cells alive and active - an environment that has proven extremely difficult to replicate in synthetic materials. (mit.edu)
  • Since stem cells have the ability to turn into various other types of cells, scientists believe that they can be useful for treating and understanding diseases. (healthline.com)
  • Scientists are hoping that the cells can be made from someone's own skin to treat a disease. (healthline.com)
  • The stem cells used were created from adult cells allowing the scientists to reprogram skin cells to an embryonic state. (tigerfitness.com)
  • The scientists studied a therapeutic application of IPS cells with the sickle-cell anemia model mouse developed by the laboratory of Tim Townes of the University of Alabama at Birmingham. (medicalxpress.com)
  • To create the IPS cells, the scientists started with cells from the skin of the diseased mice, explains lead author Jacob Hanna, a postdoctoral researcher in the Jaenisch lab. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The scientists created such precursor cells from the IPS cells, replaced the defective blood-production gene in the precursor cells with a normal gene, and injected the resulting cells back into the diseased mice. (medicalxpress.com)
  • While IPS cells offer tremendous promise for regenerative medicine, scientists caution that major challenges must be overcome before medical applications can be considered. (medicalxpress.com)
  • In the 1960s and 1970s, scientists discovered that there are cells within adult tissues of the body that harbor many of the same special properties as embryonic stem cells. (pas.va)
  • Scientists have learned to grow these iPSC in a dish and convert them into mini-versions of mouse and human organs. (pas.va)
  • Scientists have used cloning technology to transform human skin cells into embryonic stem cells, an experiment that may revive the controversy over human cloning. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • The method described on Wednesday by Oregon State University scientists in the journal Cell, would not likely be able to create human clones, said Shoukhrat Mitalipov, senior scientist at the Oregon National Primate Research Center. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • Scientists are expected to have the ability to create babies from human skin cells within the next two decades in a process known as in vitro gametogenesis, or IVG. (naturalnews.com)
  • In a feat of bioengineering, scientists take adult skin cells and then essentially reprogram them to turn them into embryonic stem cells that can be grown into all manner of cells. (naturalnews.com)
  • A group of scientists outlined serious reservations about the consequences of such technology, writing in the Science Translational Medicine journal: "I.V.G. may raise the specter of 'embryo farming' on a scale currently unimagined, which might exacerbate concerns about the devaluation of human life. (naturalnews.com)
  • However, scientists warn there's still much to learn before cultured cells can be used to make human eggs in a lab dish. (ball-pythons.net)
  • Scientists, including one of Indian origin, have developed tiny 3D 'mini-brains' that mimic some of the human brain's structures and functionality and can be used to study diseases such as Alzheimer's and autism. (researchave.com)
IPSC8
  • In vitro, the team saw that T cells failed to respond to the iPSC-derived retinal pigment cells if they were from an MHC-matched monkey. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • It also is vital that - prior to being instructed to become a specific cell type - iPSC lines continuously renew and expand in a blank slate form without the introduction of genetic errors. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • How well the 58 iPSC lines met quality criteria depended on the origin of the reprogrammed cells (skin vs. blood, male vs. female) and specific reprogramming methods. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Pluripotency can be tested to determine if iPSC lines are able to form what are called teratomas - benign tumors made up of different cell types (teeth, bone, brain, etc. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The promise of a cure for Canavan disease lies in the recent development of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, which is called hiPSC when human cells are used. (cityofhope.org)
  • We were really impressed by the great potential the iPSC technology brings to stem cell biology," Shi said. (cityofhope.org)
  • In an earlier study, Shi and her colleagues transplanted iPSC-derived cells with a functional ASPA gene into the brains of mice afflicted with Canavan disease. (cityofhope.org)
  • We procure skin biopsies from patients, reprogram fibroblasts from these into stem cells, i.e., iPSC, which are then differentiated into insulin-producing beta-like cells. (lu.se)
Researchers35
  • What has been far more difficult, say the researchers, is the ability to turn IPS cells into self-renewing stem cells for a particular organ. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In one method, the researchers transplanted the muscle stem cells into mice genetically engineered and bred without an immune system to avoid rejection of the transplanted cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • At the site of the toxin and radiation damage in the muscle tissue, the researchers found that the transplanted human muscle stem cells developed into myoblasts, a kind of muscle construction cell that repairs damage by fusing together and developing the microfibers that characterize normal muscle. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In a second set of experiments, the researchers transplanted the muscle stem cells into mice genetically engineered with a mutation in the dystrophin gene, which results in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a muscle wasting disorder in mice and humans. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The researchers found that transplanted muscle stem cells traveled to the muscle niche area. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • With the help of stem-cell technology, researchers identified an aberrant gene-regulation pattern called hyperacetylation which may be causally involved in some cases of schizophrenia. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • Developed in the second decade of the 2000s by researchers including BBRF Scientific Council members Ronald McKay, Ph.D. , Stewart Anderson, M.D. , Fred Gage, Ph.D. and Kristen Brennand, Ph.D. , "human induced pluripotent stem cell" (hiPSC) technology involves harmlessly sampling cells (usually skin cells) from an individual and then genetically reprograming these cells to re-develop as other cell types. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • Not only does stem-cell technology enable researchers to generate virtually limitless quantities of live human neurons, overcoming the problem of having to rely on postmortem brain tissue to study brain tissue from psychiatric patients. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • Summary: Researchers report they have successfully transplanted retinal pigment cells derived from stem cells without rejection or the need of immunosuppressant drugs. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (CDB) have successfully transplanted retinal pigment cells derived from stem cells of one monkey into the eyes of other monkeys without rejection and without the need for immunosuppressant drugs. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The researchers found that these transplanted cells survived without rejection for at least 6 months in MHC-matched monkeys, without using any of the usually necessary immunosuppressant drugs. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Researchers have for the first time successfully converted adult human skin cells into neurons of the type that regulate appetite, providing a patient-specific model for studying the neurophysiology of weight control and testing new therapies for obesity. (ethicalresearch.net)
  • The study, led by researchers at Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) and at the New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF), was published last month in the online issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation. (ethicalresearch.net)
  • The researchers also studied human neurons that had been created by reprogramming skin cells from patients with the disorder, so they would have the patients' exact genetic makeup. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • New York: Using stem cells derived from human skin cells, US researchers have revealed that these can be turned into retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) - the neurons that conduct visual information from the eye to the brain - to prevent or cure glaucoma. (siasat.com)
  • Researchers then directed the stem cells to become RGCs, at which point the cells began adopting features specific to RGCs - features that were different in the cells of individuals with glaucoma than in the cells that came from healthy individuals. (siasat.com)
  • But in a paper published in the journal Cell last week, the Salk researchers describe how they discovered that reducing the exposure time resulted in the reversal of many of the hallmarks of aging without fully reprogramming the cells. (singularityhub.com)
  • Applying partial reprogramming to human skin cells in a dish also made them look and behave young again, but the researchers concede there is a long way to go before they can determine if the approach could lead to potential treatments for people. (singularityhub.com)
  • Before this new study was published, Nature asked another group of researchers to confirm that the stem cells were genetically identical to the donor skin cells. (nih.gov)
  • The stem cells, the researchers showed, could turn into heart or nerve cells in the laboratory, and had other characteristics of established embryonic stem cell lines. (nih.gov)
  • Researchers have learned in recent years how to grow miniature human hearts in a dish. (nih.gov)
  • In November, American and Spanish researchers published their data on functional, renal progenitor-like cells developed from human stem cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • This year, researchers continued to push ahead with better and faster methods to reinvent the identity of cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • Researchers were able to generate in vivo more primitive forms of stem cells that had been accomplished before. (the-scientist.com)
  • Their technology is an extension of a discovery that won researchers a Nobel Prize in 2012, and showed they could transform skin cells into stem cells. (drugdiscoverytrends.com)
  • For the study, researchers reprogrammed skin cells into stem cells, and then genetically engineered them to manufacture a substance that becomes toxic to other cells when exposed to another drug, called a "pro-drug. (drugdiscoverytrends.com)
  • In a paper published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , the researchers demonstrate the new material's potential for sensing chemicals, both in the environment and in the human body. (mit.edu)
  • Next, the researchers followed a well-established protocol for differentiating embryonic stem cells into precursors of bone marrow adult stem cells, which can be transplanted into mice to generate normal blood cells. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The researchers stopped well short of creating a human clone. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • US researchers have reported a breakthrough in stem cell research, describing how they have turned human skin cells into embryonic stem cells for the first time. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • The researchers say that cells from women could be used to produce sperm, but that sperm would only be able to produce female babies because they lack a Y chromosome. (naturalnews.com)
  • By turning skin cells into brain neurons, researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have identified that certain tiny molecules aiding in gene expression, known as microRNAs (miRNAs), are under-expressed in the brains of the 14 schizophrenia patients they studied. (technologynetworks.com)
  • The researchers, led by Kristen Brennand, PhD, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Gang Fang, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, found that miR-9 was significantly under-expressed in cells from four schizophrenic patients, compared to six control participants. (technologynetworks.com)
  • The researchers cultured the XO cells and found that some cells developed two X chromosomes as a result of cell division errors - making them chromosomally female. (ball-pythons.net)
  • Treating the XO cells with a compound called reversine increased the number of XX cells, the researchers found. (ball-pythons.net)
Epigenetic3
  • The team made an important observation in reprogrammed neurons derived from patient samples as these cells were maturing: they detected aberrant patterns of epigenetic activity. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • Other companies may use genetically modified cells that have genetic and epigenetic reprogramming errors, and use less advanced and less expensive processes to harness an incomplete set of molecules that are not fully formed (for more information see Figure 3 in Maguire et al, 2013). (neogenesispro.com)
  • Several groups, including those headed by Stanford University's Vittorio Sebastiano, the Salk Institute's Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte and Harvard Medical School's David Sinclair (See Table), have shown that partial reprogramming can dramatically reverse age-related characteristics in the eye, muscle and other tissues in cultured mammalian cells and even rodent models by countering epigenetic changes associated with aging. (scientificamerican.com)
Genetic12
  • Genetic skin diseases constitute a diverse group of several hundred diseases that affect up to 2% of the population and include common disease such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and wound healing. (ca.gov)
  • We plan to develop the processes necessary for iPS cell generation, genetic correction and development of a product that can be grafted back onto the patient's own skin. (ca.gov)
  • We have generated iPS cell lines from subjects with documented DEB, identified the genetic mutations, and commenced work on the correction of several mutations in the iPS Cells. (ca.gov)
  • Moreover, genetically-corrected pluripotent iPS cells could form the basis of future systemic therapies to other organs besides the skin to treat common genetic disorders. (ca.gov)
  • The genetic material of the donor egg cell is removed and discarded, leaving it 'deprogrammed. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are many genetic variations of MHCs, and after transplantation, if the MHCs of the transplanted cells are not recognized by the T cells of the host immune system, there is an immune response and the tissue is rejected. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • These cells have been successfully used to treat children with blood cancers, such as leukemia, and certain genetic blood disorders. (healthline.com)
  • But in order to become a part of medical history, parahuman reproduction and human genetic engineering must circumvent the recalcitrance of an antiquated culture. (lifeissues.net)
  • To decrease or eliminate possible cancer in the treated mice, the c-Myc gene was removed by genetic manipulation from the IPS cells. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The patient's own white blood cells and stem cells from their blood are modified in the laboratory using genetic techniques to express a specific receptor against cancer cells. (ca.gov)
  • Gene modification of cells involves the transfer of foreign genetic material (DNA) into a cell, in this case the immune system cells and stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • Cells from the skin of several healthy adults were used to create the mini-brains, but Mr Hartung said that cells from people with certain genetic traits or certain diseases can be used to create brains to study various types of pharmaceuticals. (researchave.com)
Tissue26
  • In proof-of-concept experiments with mice, the research team sought to determine where the newly developed cells would migrate in living animals, and if they could repair damaged tissue. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The research team then used two different methods to determine if the muscle stem cells would repair damaged tissue. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • We are currently doing extensive testing of the iPS-derived skin cells using human skin tissue models to ensure the safety and efficacy of these cells. (ca.gov)
  • A realistic hope of modern medicine is to replace damaged tissue with healthy cells grown in the lab. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • When stem cells were first discovered in 1961 by the biophysicist James Till and the cellular biologist Ernest McCulloch, the scientific community became quickly enthusiastic about its coming possibilities: with the ability to self-renew and replace damaged tissue in the body, these new-known cells came to be the core of the upcoming field of medical treatment, the regenerative medicine. (ysjournal.com)
  • Speaking on disease treatments, these cells could be used to treat several types of diseases, such as diabetes and Parkinson's disease [4], since with them any type of tissue needed could be formed and used to replace a damaged one. (ysjournal.com)
  • E.g in cardiac therapies, the induced pluripotent stem cell line promotes cardiac tissue regeneration and when this one is applied to the organ, it leads to improvements in cardiac function [2]. (ysjournal.com)
  • They found that partial reprogramming enhanced the regeneration of muscle tissue and beta cells in the pancreas after injury. (singularityhub.com)
  • The results from a study that used cells derived from a deceased patient's skin tissue has recently been published. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • 2 It was reported that stem cells have an ability to transform themselves into different cell types, depending on the tissue, essentially at the scientist's whim. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • If you explain it simply, people can understand what you're talking about, and they also think it makes sense that you can test on human tissue instead of animals. (animalfreeinnovationtpi.nl)
  • Enter the lab-grown human cardiac tissue pictured above. (nih.gov)
  • This healthy tissue comprised of the heart's muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes (green, nuclei in red), was derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (nih.gov)
  • This means they can potentially produce new cells for any organ or tissue. (healthline.com)
  • Then, in the laboratory, the faulty gene is corrected, converted into relevant tissue type-specific cells, and infused back into the patient. (cityofhope.org)
  • Early studies in Maguire's lab demonstrated that adult stem cells injected into the brain were inducing their positive effects more through the release of molecules than through their power to differentiate, i.e. transform themselves into new mature tissue. (neogenesispro.com)
  • Unlike any other company, our patented technology uses the correct combination of adult stem cell types relevant to that particular tissue, stimulates those adult stem cells in state dependent conditions using cell culture processes that reflect the latest scientific knowledge, and harnesses the fully formed molecules for our formulations. (neogenesispro.com)
  • embryonic stem cells , resulting from the early divisions of the egg, characterized by their "pluripotency", i.e. the capacity, that they share with the egg cell itself, to produce all the cell types found in the adult organism, and the tissue-specific stem cells present in the tissues and organs of the adult. (pas.va)
  • These adult stem cells are highly specialized and can only produce the tissue in which they reside. (pas.va)
  • In addition, there has been remarkable progress in developing approaches to stimulate these tissue-resident stem cells in situ in the tissue. (pas.va)
  • Because the slow progress in decoding schizophrenia comes from the lack of live brain tissue to study, the research team combined expertise in stem cell biology, neurobiology, genomics, and systems biology to pioneer a new approach. (technologynetworks.com)
  • They arrive as the first cell type wherever viral, bacterial, or fungal infections occur, or when tissue damage and injury happen. (hrb.ie)
  • Transplantations of fetal tissue in the 1980s and 1990s provided proof-of-concept for the potential of cell replacement therapy for PD and some patients benefitted greatly from their transplants. (lu.se)
  • However, post-mortem analysis of transplanted tissue revealed accumulation of pathological Lewy bodies in a small subset of transplanted cells over time, revealing a host-to-graft disease propagation. (lu.se)
  • eg, bone, bone marrow, and skin grafts) Genetically identical (syngeneic [between monozygotic twins]) donor tissue (isografts) Genetically. (msdmanuals.com)
  • lymphoid tissue, and digestive tract), which the animal model captures the It can be difficult to parse out concordance has often been ob- range of potential human response reasons for lack of tumour site con- served among different species after to the particular agent tested. (who.int)
Therapeutic10
  • The ability to therapeutically reprogram and replace diseased skin would allow this procedure to develop therapeutic reprogramming approaches for a variety of both common and life-threatening skin diseases. (ca.gov)
  • Stem cells can then be obtained by the destruction of this clone embryo for use in therapeutic cloning or in the case of reproductive cloning the clone embryo is implanted into a host mother for further development and brought to term. (wikipedia.org)
  • In another strategy, called therapeutic cloning, the embryo can instead be used to create stem cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (nih.gov)
  • In particular, scientific developments in areas such as iPS cells open new possibilities of research and, at mid term, of therapeutic applications, but they also bring new ethical challenges and problems requiring further reflection and debate. (lifeissues.net)
  • This is the first proof-of-principle of therapeutic application in mice of directly reprogrammed "induced pluripotent stem" (IPS) cells, which recently have been derived in mice as well as humans. (medicalxpress.com)
  • For the foreseeable future, there will remain a continued need for embryonic stem cells as the crucial assessment tool for measuring the therapeutic potential of IPS cells. (medicalxpress.com)
  • NeoGenesis, Inc. has discovered a core adult stem cell technology, S²RM® Technology, that is used to develop a new class of therapeutic, called "systems therapeutics" (Maguire, 2014). (neogenesispro.com)
  • The use of mouse feeder layers and animal serum are particularly problematic in the culturing of stem cells for possible therapeutic applications. (ddw-online.com)
  • Dendritic cells-based therapeutic approach may be a potential strategy for SARS-CoV-2 infection. (medsci.org)
  • Direct neuronal reprogramming of a somatic cell into therapeutic neurons, without a transient pluripotent state, provides new promise for the large number of individuals afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases or brain injury. (lu.se)
Shinya Yamanaka5
  • In 2006, Japanese researcher Shinya Yamanaka showed that it was possible to convert adult cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by exposing them to four specific transcription factors (proteins that regulate gene expression). (singularityhub.com)
  • The IPS cells were derived using modifications of the approach originally discovered in 2006 by the Shinya Yamanaka laboratory at Kyoto University. (medicalxpress.com)
  • In June 2006, a Japanese group led by Shinya Yamanaka reported the first successful result with mouse skin cells, and between November 2007 and January 2008, Yamanaka's group and two American groups led by James Thomson and George Daley at Harvard University all reported the successful reprogramming of human skin cells into a state that is indistinguishable from human embryonic cells. (stanguthrie.com)
  • The discovery of the ' Yamanaka factors '-four transcription factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4), ), proteins that can reprogram a fully mature cell into an embryonic-like state-earned Kyoto University researcher Shinya Yamanaka a share of the Nobel prize in 2012. (scientificamerican.com)
  • This prospect has been made easier in recent years by research that was recognized this week with a Nobel prize: the demonstration by Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University in Japan that adult skin cells can be reprogrammed to form stem cells capable of differentiating into a wide range of cell types. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Tumors4
  • Hingtgen and his team showed the natural ability of the stem cells to home to tumors, and began studying them as a way to deliver drugs to tumors and limit toxicity to the rest of the body. (drugdiscoverytrends.com)
  • We essentially turn your skin into something that will crawl to find invasive and infiltrative tumors. (drugdiscoverytrends.com)
  • Inserting the drug-carrying stem cells into the brain of laboratory models after surgery decreased the size of tumors by 15 times, and extended median survival in mice by 133 percent. (drugdiscoverytrends.com)
  • Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is also sometimes used for solid tumors (eg, some germ cell tumors) that respond to chemotherapy. (msdmanuals.com)
Pluripotency3
  • Their exploration has allowed the study of cells with similar states of pluripotency as found in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), breaking the ethical barrier that interfered with the study of ESCs, as well as their use in therapies, disease modeling and drug development. (ysjournal.com)
  • Automatically expanded hiPSCs exhibit normal growth characteristics, and show sustained expression of the pluripotency associated stem cell marker TRA-1-60 over at least 5 weeks (10 passages). (frontiersin.org)
  • So-called partial reprogramming consists of applying Yamanaka factors to cells for long enough to roll back cellular aging and repair tissues but without returning to pluripotency in which a cell can specialize into other cell types. (scientificamerican.com)
Successfully4
  • Previously, Mitalipov and his colleagues reported the first success in cloning human stem cells in 2013, successfully reprogramming human skin cells back to their embryonic state. (cnn.com)
  • We are developing the process necessary for future skin grafting of the corrected cells back onto the patient, and have already successfully generated the initial GMP manufacturing protocols leading to clinical grade, corrected patient skin cells. (ca.gov)
  • Mice with a human sickle-cell anemia disease trait have been treated successfully in a process that begins by directly reprogramming their own cells to an embryonic-stem-cell-like state, without the use of eggs. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Identifying the right cocktail of media conditions, supplements and growth factors that successfully drive stem cells toward a desired lineage on a reproducible basis is a time-consuming, iterative exercise. (ddw-online.com)
Progenitor cells5
  • Progenitor cells are similar to embryonic stem cells in their capacity to differentiate into various cell types. (ddw-online.com)
  • However, progenitor cells can only differentiate into a limited number of cell types. (ddw-online.com)
  • Progenitor cells can be far easier to handle in culture than ES cells. (ddw-online.com)
  • For example, neural progenitor cells derived from a human ES cell line are easily propagated and require less handling than human ES cells. (ddw-online.com)
  • The first part of the thesis (Paper I, II, III) shows the development and improvement of a hESC-based system of for virus-mediated direct reprogramming of human glial progenitor cells into both induced dopaminergic neurons (iDANs) and GABAergic interneurons. (lu.se)
Somatic cell nucleus1
Grafts2
  • Soon we will work together with the FDA and our collaborators to generate patient-specific skin grafts. (ca.gov)
  • Immunohistochemical examination showed that infiltration by inflammatory cells was only present in the transplanted grafts of MHC-mismatched monkeys. (neurosciencenews.com)
Fibroblasts1
Patient's own cells3
  • In this process, the patient's own cells can be induced to make normal collagen VII. (ca.gov)
  • The ability to use a patient's own cells to directly target the tumor would be "the holy grail" of therapy, according to Elton, and he believes it could hold promise for other rare, and sometimes fatal, brain cancer types that occur in children as well. (drugdiscoverytrends.com)
  • Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be autologous (using the patient's own cells) or allogeneic (using cells from a donor). (msdmanuals.com)
Proteins4
  • Major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) are a sets of cell-surface proteins found in all cells that function in the immune system. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Use of feeder layers requires two cell types to be maintained in parallel and introduces mouse proteins into the culture system. (ddw-online.com)
  • Using proteins that can turn an adult cell into a stem cell, Sinclair and his team have reset aging cells in mice to earlier versions of themselves. (sciencecontrol.com)
  • Costagliola and her colleagues first genetically engineered embryonic stem cells to express two proteins NKX2-1 and PAX8 that are expressed together only in the thyroid. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Identical5
  • Development will ensue normally and after many mitotic divisions, the single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with an identical genome to the original organism (i.e. a clone). (wikipedia.org)
  • The resulting cells would be genetically identical to the somatic cell donor, thus avoiding any complications from immune system rejection. (wikipedia.org)
  • But they showed, for the first time, that it is possible to create cloned embryonic stem cells that are genetically identical to the person from whom they are derived. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • And since they are genetically identical to the person who provided the original sample, they are technically embryonic cell clones of that person. (stanguthrie.com)
  • A human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling donor is ideal, followed by an HLA-matched sibling donor. (msdmanuals.com)
Bone marrow5
  • For example, hematopoietic stem cells are a type of adult stem cell found in bone marrow. (healthline.com)
  • Doctors have been performing stem cell transplants, also known as bone marrow transplants, for decades using hematopoietic stem cells in order to treat certain types of cancer. (healthline.com)
  • Since there is a delay in the appearance of the T cells that come from stem cells to get out of the bone marrow and into the blood, we will give patients both gene-modified T cells for a first wave of antitumor activity and gene-modified stem cells which will provide a bridge until the stem cells have produced more T cells. (ca.gov)
  • We have demonstrated that when mouse stem cells are gene-modified with this lentiviral vector, the stem cells take up residence in the bone marrow and produce appropriate blood cells. (ca.gov)
  • Peripheral blood has largely replaced bone marrow as a source of stem cells, especially in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, because stem cell harvest is easier and neutrophil and platelet counts recover faster. (msdmanuals.com)
Mice17
  • Mice are a good model for studying obesity in humans, but it would better to have human cells for testing. (ethicalresearch.net)
  • Although the mouse gut microbiome presents a number of similarities with the human microbiome, the work showed that around 20 percent of the strains in the collection prefer colonizing the intestines of mice. (vetscite.org)
  • They started by testing the approach on cells from mice with progeria, a disease that causes accelerated aging in both mice and humans. (singularityhub.com)
  • This partial reprogramming extended the mice' lifespan from 18 weeks to 24 on average. (singularityhub.com)
  • Impaired muscle regeneration in older mice (left) and improved regeneration post-reprogramming (right). (singularityhub.com)
  • Obviously, mice are not humans and we know it will be much more complex to rejuvenate a person," said Belmonte. (singularityhub.com)
  • Using human stem cells, they prolonged life of the mice by 123 percent. (drugdiscoverytrends.com)
  • The results were astounding as the mice with reprogrammed cells lived 30% longer than the control group. (tigerfitness.com)
  • In the study, blood from younger mice was fed into the blood of the older mice helping to stimulate neuron and stem cell production in the older mice at a neurological level. (tigerfitness.com)
  • The blood of treated mice was tested with standard analyses employed for human patients. (medicalxpress.com)
  • After one treatment, a reservoir of the injected ASPA cells remained and continued to maintain healthy brains in the mice. (cityofhope.org)
  • A preclinical study is also ongoing in mice to assess the safety of combining the gene-modified T cells and stem cells in mice. (ca.gov)
  • The laboratory of Rudolf Jaenisch at MIT has taken in the lead in developing therapies with this new technique in mice, demonstrating a cure for a mouse version of sickle cell anemia and alleviating the symptoms of Parkinson's disease in mice. (stanguthrie.com)
  • So far, it has only been used in mice, but it is believed to be just a matter of time before it can be used for human reproduction. (naturalnews.com)
  • The team, led by Katsuhiko Hayashi, a professor of genome biology at Osaka University in Japan, generated eggs from the skin cells of male mice that, when implanted in female mice, went on to produce healthy pups, according to research published March 15 in the peer-reviewed journal Nature . (ball-pythons.net)
  • Performing research using these balls of brain cells that grow and form brain-like structures on their own over the course of eight weeks should be superior to studying mice and rats because they are derived from human cells instead of rodents, they said. (researchave.com)
  • Four weeks later, once hypothyroidism had been established, the mice received a graft of stem-cell-derived thyroid follicles. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Schizophrenia6
  • The team, which included BBRF Scientific Council members Dr. Brennand (who is 2018 BBRF Maltz Prize winner, 2016 Independent Investigator and 2012 Young Investigator) and 2011 BBRF Lieber Prize winner and 2010 and 1998 BBRF Distinguished Investigator Carol A. Tamminga, M.D. , induced skin cells sampled from individuals with schizophrenia to re-develop as neurons of the type found in the forebrain. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • Inhibiting an overabundant enzyme alleviates schizophrenia-associated problems in animals and patient cells. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • Experiments in cells collected from patients and in animals suggest that blocking the STEP enzyme, which acts on the connections between neurons to influence their communication, may be an effective future strategy for treating schizophrenia . (bbrfoundation.org)
  • The team also demonstrated that blocking STEP reversed defects in neurons derived from the cells of patients with schizophrenia. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • It involves answering some simple questions: What if you took the skin cells from patients who had schizophrenia and turned them into neurons? (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • miR-9 was not the only miRNA that is differentially expressed in cells from schizophrenia patients compared to control participants,' said Gang Fang PhD, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and the other lead author of the study. (technologynetworks.com)
Vitro7
  • Now that we have established the lack of immune response in monkeys and in human cells in vitro," explains Sugita, "using the iPS cell bank appears to be a viable solution, at least in the case of retinal pigment epithelial cell transplantation. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • In vitro assays have also been performed to assess whether the lentiviral vector could potentially transform cells. (ca.gov)
  • Every cell type has its own unique needs when grown in vitro and stem cells are no exception. (ddw-online.com)
  • The need to control differentiation of embryonic stem cells in vitro presents another set of challenges. (ddw-online.com)
  • When in vitro fertilization was first developed, a lot of people were disturbed by the idea of creating a baby outside of the human baby - and many still are. (naturalnews.com)
  • In this thesis, human glia-to-neuron direct conversion and engineered viral vectors are explored using pre-clinical in vitro and ex vivo models. (lu.se)
  • However, deciphering the biological function of this glycolipid has been hampered by the inability to grow M. leprae in vitro and to genetically engineer this bacterium. (bvsalud.org)
Embryonic Cell1
  • Shoukhrat Mitalipov, director of the Oregon Health & Science University's Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, reportedly led the new research. (cnn.com)
Nucleus5
  • The technique consists of taking an denucleated oocyte (egg cell) and implanting a donor nucleus from a somatic (body) cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a technique for cloning in which the nucleus of a somatic cell is transferred to the cytoplasm of an enucleated egg. (wikipedia.org)
  • After the somatic cell transfers, the cytoplasmic factors affect the nucleus to become a zygote. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cloning entails taking the nucleus - the compartment that contains the DNA - from an adult cell and putting it into an egg from which the original nucleus has been removed. (nih.gov)
  • The team at OHSU [Oregon Health and Science University], which disclosed its work in a paper published online by Cell, created embryonic stem cells by replacing the nucleus in an unfertilized human egg with the nucleus from a skin cell, then harvesting the resulting stem cells. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Retinal cells2
  • Published in Stem Cell Reports , the study shows that this procedure is possible as long as a set of cells called the MHC are genetically matched between the host monkey and the new retinal cells. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Retinal dystrophies (RD) are inherited disorders characterised by degeneration of light sensing retinal cells (photoreceptors). (hrb.ie)
Behave2
  • They also found that some of the transplanted human muscle stem cells migrate to the niche and behave like muscle stem cells naturally found within the mouse. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The cells then behave like they do in the body, thus allowing us to replicate the functions of the human organs in the chip. (animalfreeinnovationtpi.nl)
Derived from adult1
  • These cells are derived from adult skin or blood cells that are genetically reprogrammed to have the potential to develop into many different types of cells, including cardiomyocytes. (nih.gov)
HiPSC2
  • Thus, a much higher grade of parallelization, and throughput in the production of hiPSCs is needed, which can only be achieved by implementing automated solutions for cell reprogramming, and hiPSC expansion. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we describe the StemCellFactory, an automated, modular platform covering the entire process of hiPSC production, ranging from adult human fibroblast expansion, Sendai virus-based reprogramming to automated isolation, and parallel expansion of hiPSC clones. (frontiersin.org)
Donor1
  • These cells genetically matched the donor organism from which they came. (wikipedia.org)
Tissues9
  • These cells are deemed to have a pluripotent potential because they have the ability to give rise to all of the tissues found in an adult organism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another application of SCNT stem cell research is using the patient specific stem cell lines to generate tissues or even organs for transplant into the specific patient. (wikipedia.org)
  • These stem cells come from developed organs and tissues in the body. (healthline.com)
  • The NeoGenesis technology has harnessed the healing power of the molecules from adult stem cells to promote healthy tissues. (neogenesispro.com)
  • However, these adult stem cells have more restricted potential - they are specialized to replenish, rejuvenate, and repair the tissues in which they reside. (pas.va)
  • They are particularly active in tissues and organs in which the lifespan of the differentiated cells is short, like blood, skin and the inner cell layer covering the intestinal cavity, as well as in the repair of skeletal muscle after exercise of injury. (pas.va)
  • Significant advances have been made in isolating, culturing and reintroducing adult stem cells into tissues. (pas.va)
  • This long-sought technique may eventually let doctors create replacement cells for a wide variety of tissues from bits of a patient's own skin. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • A series of achievements have stoked excitement about the potential of regenerative medicine, which aims to tackle diseases by replacing or regenerating damaged cells, tissues, and organs. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Differentiation3
  • However, the use of bFGF for human ES cell culture, particularly at the high levels used by some for 'feeder-free' culture, must be considered carefully, as bFGF may drive ES cells towards differentiation. (ddw-online.com)
  • Likewise, they have the ability to activate the angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of the main cell types involved in skin regeneration. (frontiersin.org)
  • First, we utilized single cell sequencing to dissect the differentiation of stem cells to midbrain dopaminergic neurons. (lu.se)
Biology8
  • In genetics and developmental biology, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a laboratory strategy for creating a viable embryo from a body cell and an egg cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • But until now, no one has been able to figure out how to convert human iPS cells into hypothalamic neurons," said co-author Dieter Egli, PhD, assistant professor of pediatrics (in developmental cell biology), a member of the Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, and a senior research fellow at NYSCF. (ethicalresearch.net)
  • This shows," said Dr. Eggan, "how improved understanding of stem cell biology is making an impact on our ability to study, understand, and eventually treat disorders of the nervous system. (ethicalresearch.net)
  • Lu and his colleagues in MIT's Synthetic Biology Group specialize in creating biological circuits, genetically reprogramming the biological parts in living cells such as E. coli to work together in sequence, much like logic steps in an electrical circuit. (mit.edu)
  • It is quite possible that the advances in human biology in the remainder of the twentieth century will be remembered as the most significant scientific achievement of the animal species known as Homo sapiens . (lifeissues.net)
  • The study is led by principal investigator Yanhong Shi, Ph.D., director of the Division of Stem Cell Biology Research and the Herbert Horvitz Professor in Neuroscience. (cityofhope.org)
  • The junk biology is flying in the media's descriptions of the now accomplished human cloning. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • Even though Life Biosciences and several other startups are investigating Yamanaka factors with a view to reversing human aging, the biology of rejuvenation by reprogramming remains enigmatic and opaque, at best. (scientificamerican.com)
Regenerative medicine4
Autologous4
  • For recessive dystrophic EB (RDEB) where there is no COL7A1 protein, our EB Disease team has shown that retroviral delivery of the COL7A1 using gene transfer provides a powerful disease modifying activity as autologous, cell-based therapy. (ca.gov)
  • The overall aim of this thesis has been to assess the potential of autologous grafting in cell replacement therapy for PD. (lu.se)
  • Next, in order to study the potential of autologous cell replacement therapy we transplanted progenitors derived from a PD patient into a pre-clinical rat model. (lu.se)
  • There are no contraindications to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (msdmanuals.com)
Kyoto University1
  • The idea of inducing a pluripotent stem cell similar to the ESCs was executed by Shinya Yakama and his student Kazutoshi Takahashi at Kyoto University, Japan, in 2006. (ysjournal.com)
Differentiate6
  • At this point, the cells are known as induced pluripotent stem (IPS) cells, and they are mixed with a solution of standard cell growth factors and nutrients that nudge them to differentiate into specific cell types. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • These are able to differentiate into any cell type in the body. (siasat.com)
  • Eventually, the cells begin to differentiate, taking on a certain function in a part of the body. (healthline.com)
  • Adult stem cells can't differentiate into as many other types of cells as embryonic stem cells can. (healthline.com)
  • They can differentiate into all types of specialized cells in the body. (healthline.com)
  • The breakthrough has created a way to "de-differentiate" the stem cells. (healthline.com)
Embryo14
  • In 2007, a research team led by Mitalipov announced they created t he first cloned monkey embryo and extracted stem cells from it. (cnn.com)
  • The aim of carrying out this procedure is to obtain pluripotent cells from a cloned embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated cells of an embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • These pluripotent cells, as they form the embryo, can turn into any other type of cell that exists in the human body, except for the totipotent type. (ysjournal.com)
  • Especially in religious faith, it's believed that human life begins at conception and therefore, the embryo is a person and its rights must be respected. (ysjournal.com)
  • Since embryonic stem cells have the ability to form virtually any cell type in the body, those taken from a cloned embryo could potentially be used to treat many diseases. (nih.gov)
  • During the process of harvesting embryotic stem cells, the embryo is destroyed. (healthline.com)
  • Opponents believe that an embryo is a living human being. (healthline.com)
  • increased public sensitivity and awareness together with the development of national regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general. (lifeissues.net)
  • An in-depth analysis aiming at re-defining this terminology according to the new developments in human embryo research would be highly beneficial . (lifeissues.net)
  • 3. National regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general adopted so far confirm the convergence of views of the refusal to adopt legislation or guidelines permitting reproductive cloning , while they still show variations on the legitimacy of human cloning carried out as part of research agendas. (lifeissues.net)
  • A cloned embryo-like a natural embryo-is an individual organism, a member of its (in this case, human) species. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • Repeat after me: Human SCNT creates a human embryo through asexual means. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • The only question is what you do with the living human embryo you have manufactured. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Therapies6
  • He cautions that such stem cell therapies are not yet available. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • This gives them the ability to create patient specific pluripotent cells, which could then be used in therapies or disease research. (wikipedia.org)
  • It was very surprising to us the high number of unstable cell lines identified in the study, which highlights the importance of setting safety standards for stem cell therapies," said Carolyn Lutzko, PhD, senior author and director of translational development in the Translational Core Laboratories at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • A good number of the cell lines we studied met quality standards, although the unexpected number of lines that did not meet these standards could not be used for clinical therapies. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Stem cell therapies, once a dream, are now becoming a reality. (pas.va)
  • The data presented in this thesis may serve as valuable resources to help optimize future cell replacement therapies for patients suffering from PD. (lu.se)
Fetal1
  • Inclusion of fetal bovine serum in stem cell media further contributes to an illdefined culture system. (ddw-online.com)
Neural2
  • When reprogrammed as neural cells, these baby cells are grown in culture dishes, and can be brought together with other developing neurons to form "organoids," in which neurons and other cells found in the living brain wire together and form functional networks. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • In pure neural leprosy, a biopsy of skin near the affected nerve is recommended before attempting a nerve biopsy, as it is less invasive. (medscape.com)
Cellular4
  • Genetically modifying aging mechanisms at a cellular level sounds like something out of a 90's science fiction film. (tigerfitness.com)
  • Although this study was conducted on animals, it gives hope that cellular reprogramming may have the ability to drastically slow down the aging process. (tigerfitness.com)
  • Continued progression of cellular degradation results in collective stripping of the myelin sheaths of the cells, loss of neuronal conductance, and, subsequently, numbness. (ceufast.com)
  • We have taken a major interest in how mitochondria are genetically regulated, given their pivotal role in cellular energy metabolism and control of insulin secretion from beta-cells. (lu.se)
Generate1
  • Yamanaka's technique, which can even generate biologically youthful stem cells from centenarian donors, has been extensively studied over the past 15 years. (scientificamerican.com)
Mitalipov1
  • The team that isolated the embryonic stem cell lines was led by Dr. Shoukhrat Mitalipov at Oregon Health and Science University in Portland. (nih.gov)
Essentially2
  • You erase all of these signatures that look like aging or any abnormal signatures, and [cells are] being reset essentially to the baseline 'perfect' epigenome," Meissner says. (scientificamerican.com)
  • One stem cell researcher points out the possibility of a man producing the sperm as well as the eggs, essentially cloning himself, while others have said that people could try to create a baby with someone else's skin cells - which are easily obtainable as humans shed a lot of skin each day - without their permission or knowledge . (naturalnews.com)
Transform1
  • The CUMC/NYSCF team determined which signals are needed to transform iPS cells into arcuate hypothalamic neurons, a neuron subtype that regulates appetite. (ethicalresearch.net)
Create12
  • Because of recent advances by our team and others in stem cell technology, our hypothesis is that we can create genetically corrected iPS cells for dominant skin diseases such as DDEB as well as recessive diseases such as RDEB. (ca.gov)
  • The blastocyst stage is developed by the egg to help create embryonic stem cells from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. (wikipedia.org)
  • This ability allows stem cells to create any cell type, which could then be transplanted to replace damaged or destroyed cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The iPS cell technology has been used to create a variety of adult human cell types, including insulin-producing beta cells and forebrain and motor neurons. (ethicalresearch.net)
  • To get around these roadblocks, others have used freeze-dried chemical extracts from genetically engineered cells, incorporating them into paper to create low-cost, virus-detecting diagnostic strips. (mit.edu)
  • It doesn't create stem cells. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • There are a lot of potential uses for IVG, ranging from helping infertile women create eggs using their own skin cells to allowing for two men to create a baby related to both of them biologically. (naturalnews.com)
  • They could even pick up some of a celebrity's skin cells from a hotel bathroom or bed, for example, to create a child with them! (naturalnews.com)
  • Bioethicist David Lemberg said, "Attempting to apply what we've learned to create a human zygote is dangerous, because we have no idea what we're doing, we have no idea what the outcomes are going to be. (naturalnews.com)
  • Cells from the skin of several healthy adults were used to create the mini-brains. (researchave.com)
  • After cultivating the mini-brains for about two months, the brains developed four types of neurons and two types of support cells - astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, the latter of which go on to create myelin, which insulates the neuron's axons and allows them to communicate faster. (researchave.com)
  • I helped create a novel insulin-producing cell line that has become one of the most widely spread tools to understand beta-cell function. (lu.se)
Molecules3
  • Two or more adult stem cell types release molecules that are used to target multiple pathways underlining the particular indication to be treated. (neogenesispro.com)
  • Harnessing the power of SRM (stem cell released molecules) from two or more adult stem cells (S²RM® Technology) has been formulated to develop products for skin care and hair care. (neogenesispro.com)
  • Much work over the years by many prestigious laboratories has shown that stem cell function, and hence the number and quality of the molecules released by the stem cells, declines as we age (Oh et al, 2014). (neogenesispro.com)
Types12
  • These muscle stem cells could potentially be developed as treatments for many types of muscle disorders," says Lee. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Currently, adult cells can be reprogrammed into stem cells, and then re-differentiated and grown into desired cell types. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The study, published online in the journal Stem Cells, showed that this work has potential implications for treatment of optic-nerve injuries of the types incurred by soldiers in combat or athletes in contact sports. (siasat.com)
  • In mammal's development there are three types of stem cells: totipotent, pluripotent and somatic stem cells. (ysjournal.com)
  • Somatic ones are adult cells, bi or unipotent since they only have one or two viable outcomes and are more specialized than the other types of cells. (ysjournal.com)
  • With this design, people can put different types of bacteria in these devices to indicate toxins in the environment, or disease on the skin," says Timothy Lu, associate professor of biological engineering and of electrical engineering and computer science. (mit.edu)
  • There are several types of stem cells that can be used for different purposes. (healthline.com)
  • They make new red blood cells, white blood cells, and other types of blood cells. (healthline.com)
  • The term stem cells dates back to the late 1800s at which time it referred to the fertilized egg, a pluripotent cell able to give rise to all of the complex cell types that comprise our body. (pas.va)
  • I now see that the old dishonest game is well afoot: Biotech types and media pretending that human cloning isn't really human cloning unless a baby is born. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
  • We're investing in this area [because] it is one of the few interventions we know of that can restore youthful function in a diverse set of cell types," explains Jacob Kimmel, a principal investigator at Alphabet subsidiary Calico Life Sciences in South San Francisco, California. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Because cord blood contains immature stem cells, HLA matching appears less crucial than for the other types of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (msdmanuals.com)
Immune10
  • A strategy in the treatment of cancer by harnessing the immune system, called adoptive cell therapy, is to use an individual's own immune cells (T cells) and genetically modify them to target them to kill the cancer. (ca.gov)
  • The purpose of the current study is to give gene-modified T cells in combination with gene-modified stem cells to reprogram the immune system to recognize and kill cancer cells that have the NY-ESO-1 protein with sustained killing activity. (ca.gov)
  • This process will endow the recipient immune cells and descendants of the stem cells with the ability to eliminate cancer cells that express the cancer specific protein, NY-ESO-1. (ca.gov)
  • The specific receptor against cancer cells that will be transferred to the immune cells and stem cells is called NY-ESO-1 T cell receptor (or TCR). (ca.gov)
  • In this study, the gene-modified immune cells will be given in combination with the gene-modified stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • In addition, new stem cell technologies entail enlisting immune cells as anticancer agents. (pas.va)
  • Dendritic cell as sentinel of the immune system plays an irreplaceable role. (medsci.org)
  • The critical role of the immune system has been found in the discovery that there are reported high morbidity and mortality rates of human CoV infection in immunocompromised host as well as patients with comorbidities [ 3 - 6 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Our results therefore suggest that M. leprae produces PGL-1 for immune-silent invasion of host phagocytic cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • One concern about the procedure is that immune cells in cord blood do not have experience with the viruses responsible for latent infections, leading to a higher percentage of naive T cells and thus increased vulnerability to reactivation of cytomegalovirus or Epstein-Barr virus infection. (msdmanuals.com)
Potential7
  • The research team plans to study the use of the cells in mouse models of other muscle-related conditions for their potential use in sports medicine, trauma, and age-related muscle loss. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In addition, the cells will allow us to evaluate potential obesity drugs in a way never before possible. (ethicalresearch.net)
  • However, more research is needed to help understand the potential uses of amniotic fluid stem cells. (healthline.com)
  • This demonstrates that IPS cells have the same potential for therapy as embryonic stem cells, without the ethical and practical issues raised in creating embryonic stem cells," says Jaenisch. (medicalxpress.com)
  • This cell/gene-based therapy has the potential to change the course of this devastating disease," said NIH scientific officer, Chris H. Boshoff, Ph.D. (cityofhope.org)
  • However, its potential application for humans (e.g. for same-sex couples) remains to be seen. (ball-pythons.net)
  • Also, the term "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoma" was changed to "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder" because of its indolent clinical behavior and uncertain malignant potential. (medscape.com)
Organs1
  • The latter play an important role in renewing the cells of the various organs during the entire life. (pas.va)
Adult cell1
  • Like natural stem cells, iPS cells are capable of developing into any kind of adult cell when given a specific set of molecular signals in a specific order. (ethicalresearch.net)
Potentially2
  • The zeal is shared by Joan Mannick, head of R&D at Life Biosciences, who says partial reprogramming could be potentially "transformative" when it comes to treating or even preventing age-related diseases. (scientificamerican.com)
  • This approach could be potentially applied directly in the brain by targeting resident cells as a source of new neurons. (lu.se)
Rejuvenation1
  • They forget they are blood, heart and skin cells, making them perfect for rebirth as "cell du jour," but lousy at rejuvenation. (sciencecontrol.com)
Disease15
  • The goal of the EB Disease team is to develop iPS cells of patients with DEB and genetically correct the patient's own collagen VII defect. (ca.gov)
  • The disease specific stem cell lines could then be studied in order to better understand the condition. (wikipedia.org)
  • In humans these changes can often be caused by environmental factors like pollution, stress or smoking and gradually accumulate throughout our lives, making us more vulnerable to disease. (singularityhub.com)
  • We want to set up a foundation with the Dutch Organ-on-Chip network hDMT (human Organ and Disease Model Technologies) and the University of Twente (UT) to focus specifically on testing these models. (animalfreeinnovationtpi.nl)
  • Additionally, viruses may have played a role in the loss of specific receptors that we once possessed on the surface of our cells that infectious agents could latch onto and use to cause disease. (listverse.com)
  • By ridding the human body of this source of disease, viruses created a safer environment for themselves, benefiting everybody involved. (listverse.com)
  • Most models of human disease evolution claim that they mainly evolved during the Neolithic era, after man moved out of Africa and populations increased, so there is some evidence of this selective viral pressure. (listverse.com)
  • Sickle-cell anemia is a disease of the blood marrow caused by a defect in a single gene. (medicalxpress.com)
  • There has been no way to treat it, no hope for a cure - but thanks to new cell-based technology, a breakthrough treatment for Canavan disease is now being developed at City of Hope. (cityofhope.org)
  • We thought that if we could find a disease that is caused by a single gene mutation with one primary cell effect, then we would have a chance to rescue that mutation by developing hiPSCs into the cell type that was destroyed by the mutation. (cityofhope.org)
  • Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease principally affecting the skin and peripheral nervous system. (medscape.com)
  • However, patient-derived cells may be more prone to develop disease-associated pathology after grafting. (lu.se)
  • The species-specific phenolic glycolipid 1 (PGL-1) is suspected to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of leprosy, a chronic disease of the skin and peripheral nerves caused by Mycobacterium leprae. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (see the image below) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin, with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • We showed how insulin deficiency in Friedreich's ataxia is likely to evolve, and that a mouse model for Huntington's disease develops diabetes due to loss of beta-cells. (lu.se)
Ability5
  • This has greatly limited our ability to study fundamental aspects of human obesity," said senior author Rudolph L. Leibel, MD, the Christopher J. Murphy Memorial Professor of Diabetes Research, professor of pediatrics and medicine, and co-director of the Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center at CUMC. (ethicalresearch.net)
  • The key to the secret of life's success in populating the Earth with ever larger, more complex and capable organisms is found in the ability of its ability of trillions upon trillions of cells, organisms, and communities of organisms to self-organize into complex sub-systems of cyclical processes that link reactions requiring energy with those that yield energy. (davidkorten.org)
  • Our emerging clinical data demonstrates that these gene-modified T cells are very active in killing tumor cells initially, but they lose their ability to function within a few weeks. (ca.gov)
  • This experience points to the need to have a continuous source of gene-modified cells to maintain the ability to kill cancer cells. (ca.gov)
  • Therefore, our ability to maintain and heal ourselves declines as we age because of the decline in stem cell function and their reduced ability to produce the SRM. (neogenesispro.com)
Enzymatic1
  • Thus, it may refer to the "exosome complex ," being a proteic (enzymatic) macromolecular machinery, present in archaea and eukaryotic cells, being involved in RNA degradation. (frontiersin.org)
Grown3
  • New research by a team that included four BBRF grantees has demonstrated the value of studying the causes of complex psychiatric illness by analyzing neurons grown in the laboratory, using stem-cell technology. (bbrfoundation.org)
  • Alternatively, stem cell cultures can be grown on extracellular matrix extracts and supplemented with conditioned medium from mouse fibroblast cultures. (ddw-online.com)
  • When these cells were grown in Petri dishes in the presence of thyroid-stimulating hormone, they turned into thyroid cells. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Dendritic cells2
  • Basis of treatment based dendritic cells to combat coronavirus infections is summarized. (medsci.org)
  • PGL-1 production also promoted bacterial uptake by human dendritic cells and dampened their infection-induced maturation. (bvsalud.org)
Type6
  • These cells can give rise to virtually any other type of cell in the body. (healthline.com)
  • Prior to Maguire's work, many studies had shown that stem cells could replicate themselves and then become almost any type of mature cell in the human body. (neogenesispro.com)
  • The finding, described in 2006, transformed stem cell research by providing a new source of cells that resemble embryonic stem cells, which are able to give rise to any type of specialized cell in the body except sex cells. (scientificamerican.com)
  • The EV composition depends on the producer cell type and its physiological conditions. (frontiersin.org)
  • The exosome vesicles are a type of extracellular vesicles (EV), which are defined as lipid-bilayer spheroid structures, without replicating capacity, that are released from cells, including both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (frontiersin.org)
  • In recent years we ve seen a number of very important studies in which mouse stem cells have been converted to a desired cell type that has then been shown to be functional in vivo, and to confer benefits in mouse models of human diseases. (regenerativemedicine.net)