Genetically pluripotent es cells embryonic cell differentiation. Medical search. Frequent questions

Also in vitro, the ES cells can be used to generate various types of cells and tissues. (wur.nl)
Yamanaka's Nobel Prize-winning research paved the way for similar in vitro development from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (wur.nl)
Mouse nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (NT-ESCs) were first established in 2000, and then proved to be able to differentiate either in vivo or in vitro, and give rise to individual tissues through germ line transmission or tetraploid complementation. (benthamscience.com)
Differentiation is triggered by various factors in vivo , some of which can be replicated in in vitro stem cell cultures. (sigmaaldrich.com)
These protocols, such as organoid cell culture methods, have provided more predictive in vitro cellular "Disease-in-a-Dish" models. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The ability to expand pluripotent cells in vitro and subject them to direct differentiation to produce specific cell types is crucial to the development of cell-based therapies to replace or restore tissue that has been damaged by disease or injury. (sigmaaldrich.com)
For research purposes, embryonic stem cells from surplus, artificially inseminated embryos (in vitro fertilization) are currently being harvested in various countries, for example in Belgium and the United Kingdom. (understanding-stemcells.info)
Every cell type has its own unique needs when grown in vitro and stem cells are no exception. (ddw-online.com)
The need to control differentiation of embryonic stem cells in vitro presents another set of challenges. (ddw-online.com)
The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
The requirements for the successful culture of organoids in vitro differ significantly from those of traditional monolayer cell cultures. (mdpi.com)
Hence, global gene expression and epigenetics of cells submitted to in vitro induction of pluripotency and subsequent differentiation into PGCCLs. (fapesp.br)
The recent development of stem cell research and the possibility of generating cells that can be stably and permanently modified in their genome open a broad horizon in the world of in vitro modeling. (wjgnet.com)
In addition to the new in vitro systems, in recent years there were also significant advances in the development of new animal models that allows studying the entire cell cycle of human malaria. (wjgnet.com)
Thanks to recent progresses, stem cells have been extensively employed to study Plasmodium liver and blood cycle in vitro . (wjgnet.com)
HVR1 was assumed to be genetically normal, HVR2 carrying Becker muscular dystrophy and HVR3 Hemophilia B. Despite the translocation t(9;15)(q34.3;q14) detected in HVR2, all the 3 cell lines were characterised in vitro and in vivo as normal hESCs lines and were registered in the Spanish Stem Cell Bank. (studylib.es)
Carried out postdoctoral studies at the National Institute of Science and Technology in stem cells and cell therapy and at FZEA / USP with the study of in vitro generation of primordial germ cells and epigenetic reprogramming. (fapesp.br)
Has interests and experience in developmental biology, cell reprogramming by nuclear transfer and gene induction (iPS cells), in vitro animal production and embryology, stem cells, transgenesis (genetic engineering), genetic and epigenetic technology. (fapesp.br)
The colony-forming unit (CFU) assay is a clonal, in vitro culture assay that measures the growth and frequency of functionally viable HSPCs by assessing the proliferation and differentiation of individual progenitor cells, resulting in the formation of discrete colonies in a semi-solid methylcellulose medium (such as MethoCult™ ) when supplemented with appropriate cytokines. (stemcell.com)
Other uses of the CFU assay include studying the effects of stimulatory and inhibitory growth factors, screening novel compounds to predict potential toxicity to the hematopoietic system, and testing the effects of various in vitro manipulations (e.g. cell processing, cryopreservation, gene transduction, and transmission) on cellular products used in hematopoietic cell transplantation. (stemcell.com)
In vitro studies indicate that Dab2 establishes epithelial cell polarity and organization by directing endocytic trafficking of membrane glycoproteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells are collected from donor (a) and cultured in vitro (b). (biomedcentral.com)
The somatic cell and the oocyte is then fused (f) and the embryos is allowed to develop to a blastocyst in vitro (g). (biomedcentral.com)
Identifying causal variants and genes from human genetic studies of hematopoietic traits is important to enumerate basic regulatory mechanisms underlying these traits, and could ultimately augment translational efforts to generate platelets and/or red blood cells in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
Cost-effective blood cell generation will require novel strategies based on better knowledge of underlying mechanisms driving in vitro development. (biomedcentral.com)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (also known as iPS cells or iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell that can be generated directly from a somatic cell. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Since iPSCs can be derived directly from adult tissues, they not only bypass the need for embryos, but can be made in a patient-matched manner, which means that each individual could have their own pluripotent stem cell line. (wikipedia.org)
dubious - discuss] In his Nobel seminar, Yamanaka cited the earlier seminal work of Harold Weintraub on the role of myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD) in reprogramming cell fate to a muscle lineage as an important precursor to the discovery of iPSCs. (wikipedia.org)
iPSCs are typically derived by introducing products of specific sets of pluripotency-associated genes, or "reprogramming factors", into a given cell type. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike the first generation of iPSCs, these second generation iPSCs produced viable chimeric mice and contributed to the mouse germline, thereby achieving the 'gold standard' for pluripotent stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Step-by-step stem cell culture protocols for human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) including ips cell thawing, expanding, freezing and characterizing. (sigmaaldrich.com)
We offer a large collection of cell culture media, supplements, bioactive small molecules, and growth factors used to control the cell fate of human iPSCs. (sigmaaldrich.com)
This article provides an extensive step-wise overview of CRISPR Cas9 protocol that can be used to perform gene editing in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Combining our CRISPR, ZFN gene editing , and stem cell expertise, we now offer novel stem cell lines, optimized media, and innovative kits for all areas of stem cell biology, including induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), neural, mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cell culture. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Pluripotent stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have the capacity to give rise to differentiated progeny representative of all three germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm). (sigmaaldrich.com)
To overcome this issue, we established immortalized megakaryocyte cell lines (imMKCLs) by introducing three transgenes, c-MYC, BMI1, and BCL-XL, sequentially into hematopoietic and megakaryocytic progenitor stage cells derived from iPSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Derivation of autologous induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) through direct reprogramming of easily accessible somatic cells holds the potential to transform the field of regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we summarize current reprogramming methodologies with a focus on the production of transgene-free or genetically unmanipulated iPSCs and highlight important technical details that ultimately may influence the biological properties of pluripotent stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In 2006, a major breakthrough was reported in Japan by Takahashi and Yamanaka, who described the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from mouse fibroblasts via over expression of defined transcription factors [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Ideally, iPSC-based therapies in the future will rely on the isolation of skin fibroblasts or keratinocytes, their reprogramming into iPSCs, and the correction of the genetic defect followed by differentiation into the desired cell type and transplantation. (biomedcentral.com)
Several experimental strategies have been developed to derive iPSCs from differentiated somatic cells (summarized in Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Several studies have reported that induced pluripotente stem cells (iPSCs), similarly to embryonic stem cells (ES cells), are able to differentiate and give rise to primordial germinal stem cells (PGCs) and are even able to develop into gametes (oocytes and spermatozoa). (fapesp.br)
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TPM1 knockout in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) enhanced hematopoietic progenitor development, increasing total megakaryocyte and erythroid cell yields. (biomedcentral.com)

Dr. Henri Woelders, of Wageningen Livestock Research (WLR) and the Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands (CGN) presented on the potential of cryopreservation and use of various types of germplasm in pigs and chicken, focussing on embryos, gonads, primordial germ cells and semen, and including some highlights from the EU Horizon 2020 IMAGE project (LINK). (wur.nl)
Such human fully integrated and complete SEMs recapitulate the organization of nearly all known lineages and compartments of post-implantation human embryos, including the epiblast, the hypoblast, the extra-embryonic mesoderm and the trophoblast layer surrounding the latter compartments. (nature.com)
Leeb, M. & Wutz, A. Derivation of haploid embryonic stem cells from mouse embryos. (nature.com)
Depending on the source, stem cells can be classified into two broad categories i.e. embryonic stem cells that are derived from embryos and non-embryonic stem cells that are derived from adult and fetal tissues. (benthamscience.com)
Neo-resistant MEF Feeders are isolated from mouse embryos that are genetically engineered to contain neomycin-resistance genes. (appliedstemcell.com)
Normally, pluripotent stem cells are derived from embryos, but here the researchers were able to induce a pluripotent state in adult cells using. (biovox.eu)
Fetal stem cells are isolated from older embryos or fetuses (five to nine weeks old) that have miscarried, or they are harvested after termination of pregnancy. (understanding-stemcells.info)
The potential use of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for cell replacement therapies is limited by ethical concerns and the technical hurdles associated with their isolation from human embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
Efficient generation of embryonic stem cells from single blastomeres of cryopreserved mouse embryos in the presence of signalling modulators. (axonmedchem.com)
Stem cells may be derived from adult tissues but the most potent are extracted from developing human embryos. (edu.au)
Stem cell technologies have been dogged by controversy because of objections over the morality of sacrificing human embryos to produce the first human embryonic stem cell lines. (schlich.co.uk)

Embryo-like models with spatially organized morphogenesis and structure of all defining embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues of the post-implantation human conceptus (that is, the embryonic disc, the bilaminar disc, the yolk sac, the chorionic sac and the surrounding trophoblast layer) remain lacking 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
Much of this process relies on the morphogenesis of the extra-embryonic tissues and the effect this has on the organization of embryonic cells. (nature.com)
Genetically modified muscle cells differentiated from autologous iPS cells will not be rejected by the immune system, as they are from the patients own tissues, but carry a genetic correction against Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. (biovox.eu)
Body cells that can make copies of themselves and differentiate into different cell types or tissues are generally referred to as stem cells. (understanding-stemcells.info)
Tissue stem cells (= adult stem cells) are specific dividable cells in already mature tissues. (understanding-stemcells.info)
Their differentiation potential is limited to the maturation of genetically determined tissues in the environment of which (niches) they are found, for example, in the skin, the liver, the intestine or the hematopoietic system. (understanding-stemcells.info)
In addition to their ability to supply cells at the turnover rate of their respective tissues, they can be stimulated to repair injured tissue caused by liver damage, skin abrasions and blood loss. (thefutureofthings.com)
The ability of our body to regenerate some of its tissues is largely owed to the reserves of adult stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
The DNA within the nuclei of our cells carries the information to generate the machinery of the cell, the cell itself, our tissues and then the whole human. (birmingham.ac.uk)
In addition, as the genetic identity of the donor egg from which the ESCs are derived most likely will differ from that of potential recipients, patients who receive ESC-derived cells or tissues may face the same complications that result from organ transplantation (for example, immunorejection, graft-versus-host disease, and need for immunosuppression). (biomedcentral.com)
Stem cell technologies promise to be the next transformative medical technology offering therapies for conditions and diseases that are currently beyond medical science by creating replacement or supplementary tissues for a patient. (schlich.co.uk)
Therapeutic Cloning - Use of a donor cell to create pluripotent stem cells suitable for growing tissues for implantation into the donor or other patient. (schlich.co.uk)
reagents made using a patient's own cells used to regenerate disease or damaged tissues 14,15 , once the stuff of science fiction, may become science fact. (schlich.co.uk)

Progenitor cells are similar to embryonic stem cells in their capacity to differentiate into various cell types. (ddw-online.com)

They hypothesized that genes important to embryonic stem cell (ESC) function might be able to induce an embryonic state in adult cells. (wikipedia.org)
Adult stem cells can be used to accelerate bone or tendon healing , and they can induce cartilage progenitor cells to produce a better matrix and repair cartilage damage . (thefutureofthings.com)
Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
We hypothesize that ovarian cancer cells will induce human ovarian TVM expression. (nih.gov)
Recent technologies, for example nuclear transfer and genetic induced reprogramming, have been employed to induce somatic cells into a pluripotent state similar to embryonic status. (fapesp.br)

However, since the generation of embryonic stem cells involves destruction (or at least manipulation) of the pre-implantation stage embryo, there has been much controversy surrounding their use. (wikipedia.org)

The blastocysts are destroyed to produce embryonic stem cells. (understanding-stemcells.info)

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from the 'inner cell mass' of an early embryo give rise to all future cells and tissue of an animal, including the primordial germ cells, which ultimately form the germ cells (sperm or oocytes). (wur.nl)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can grow infinitely and give rise to all types of cells in human body, thus of tremendous therapeutic potentials for a variety of diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, and diabetes. (benthamscience.com)
Moreover, the combination of gene modification and directed differentiation of ESCs provides perfect tool for disease modelling and drug discovery. (benthamscience.com)
What is more, by deriving NT-ESCs from patient cells, the problem of immune rejection may be avoided. (benthamscience.com)

Forward and reverse genetics through derivation of haploid mouse embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Derivation and differentiation of haploid human embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Efficient derivation and inducible differentiation of expandable skeletal myogenic cells from human ES and patient-specific iPS cells. (biovox.eu)
Derivation and characterization of functional human neural stem cell derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) that efficiently myelinate primary neurons in culture. (sigmaaldrich.com)

The iPSC technology was pioneered by Shinya Yamanaka and Kazutoshi Takahashi in Kyoto, Japan, who together showed in 2006 that the introduction of four specific genes (named Myc, Oct3/4, Sox2 and Klf4), collectively known as Yamanaka factors, encoding transcription factors could convert somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
To circumvent these obstacles, considerable effort has been invested in attempting to derive ESC-like cells by reprogramming somatic cells to an embryonic state. (biomedcentral.com)
Cloning by nuclear transfer using mammalian somatic cells has enormous potential application. (biomedcentral.com)

Pluripotent stem cells hold promise in the field of regenerative medicine. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cells are emerging as an important source of material for diseases in regenerative medicine. (benthamscience.com)
The study of biology of stem cells is the hallmark of the recent emerging field of regenerative medicine and medical biotechnology. (benthamscience.com)
Cardiomyocytes (CMs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a valuable cell source for regenerative therapy, disease modeling, and drug screening. (biomedcentral.com)
Such an approach is highly relevant to regenerative medicine since it allows for a rapid search over the host of possibilities for reprogramming to a stem cell state. (lu.se)
The remarkable potential of stem cells to generate several hundred differentiated cell types is driving their use for regenerative medicine and for supporting the traditional drug discovery and development process (Figure 1). (ddw-online.com)
Since their discovery, stem cells have ushered in a new era in regenerative medicine. (ehu.eus)
In particular, due to the limited regenerative capacity of the adult nervous system, the therapeutic potential of stem cells has opened up new perspectives for development of treatment strategies for brain repair after injury or disease. (ehu.eus)
Corresponding author at: Department of Stem Cells, Andalucian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Avda. (studylib.es)
Microglial phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) is at the core of the brain regenerative response. (frontiersin.org)
Interest in ALMS1 is heightened by the recent discovery of its involvement in neonatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest, a process with potential relevance to regenerative medicine. (springer.com)

Kuldip S. Sidhu , " Frontiers in Pluripotent Stem Cells Research and Therapeutic Potentials Bench-to-Bedside ", Bentham Science Publishers (2012). (benthamscience.com)
Therapeutic discovery for marrow failure with MDS predisposition using pluripotent stem cells. (appliedstemcell.com)
A number of large biotech companies and scientists are looking toward stem cells as the basis for a therapeutic solution to cure such illnesses as blindness, diabetes and spinal cord injuries. (thefutureofthings.com)
The use of mouse feeder layers and animal serum are particularly problematic in the culturing of stem cells for possible therapeutic applications. (ddw-online.com)
The present invention also provides methods of using the differentiated cells of the present invention for therapeutic purposes. (justia.com)
In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)
The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)
Therefore, the therapeutic use of appropriate populations derived from stem and progenitor cells has been considered for cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, primarily Parkinson's disease, and brain injuries. (ehu.eus)

It is also clear that pro-mitotic factors such as C-MYC/L-MYC or repression of cell cycle checkpoints, such as p53, are conduits to creating a compliant cellular state for iPSC reprogramming. (wikipedia.org)
and used as feeder cells to support ESC and iPSC cultures. (appliedstemcell.com)
Since human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-platelet products can be supplied independently from the donor, it is expected to complement current platelet products. (biomedcentral.com)

Upon introduction of reprogramming factors, cells begin to form colonies that resemble pluripotent stem cells, which can be isolated based on their morphology, conditions that select for their growth, or through expression of surface markers or reporter genes. (wikipedia.org)
Using our recently established haploid human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), we generated a genome-wide loss-of-function library targeting 18,166 protein-coding genes to define the essential genes in hPSCs. (nature.com)
hPSC-enriched essential genes mainly encode transcription factors and proteins related to cell-cycle and DNA-repair, revealing that a quarter of the nuclear factors are essential for normal growth. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Analysis of cell-essential genes. (nature.com)
The SNL 76/7 cell line is derived from a mouse fibroblast STO cell line transformed with neomycin resistance and murine LIF genes. (appliedstemcell.com)
These novel immune-deficient mouse models of DMD, LGMD2B, and LGMD2D will be useful for long-term gene and cell therapy studies involving transfer of foreign genes and cells. (plos.org)
Because of their monoallelic genetic basis, the addition of genes or cells that could provide the DMD, SGCA, or DYSF protein that is deficient in these disorders has the potential to be an effective treatment. (plos.org)
In 2006, the Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka used viruses to introduce the genes Oct4, Sox2, cMyc and Klf4 into mouse body cells for the first time, activating quiescent developmental genes. (understanding-stemcells.info)
Also, under/over-expression studies of the master regulator Oct4 have revealed that some self-renewal/pluripotency as well as differentiation genes are expressed in a biphasic manner with respect to the concentration of Oct4. (lu.se)
The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)
TFs being expressed and the downstream differentiation target been established as candidates to regulate both pluripotency and genes being shut off [11]. (lu.se)
In some cases, "master" genes have been described which control differentiation versus self-renewal. (justia.com)
Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
It demonstrated that genes inactivated during tissue differentiation can be completely re-activated by a process called nuclear reprogramming: the reversion of a differentiated nucleus back to a totipotent status. (biomedcentral.com)
To identify putative causal genes from these data, we performed computational modeling using available genome-wide association datasets for platelet and red blood cell traits. (biomedcentral.com)

The fibroblasts were engineered so that any cells reactivating the ESC-specific gene, Fbx15, could be isolated using antibiotic selection. (wikipedia.org)
To facilitate gene and cell therapy experiments, we created severely immune-deficient mouse models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B (LGMD2B), and limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2D (LGMD2D) by crossing mdx 4Cv , Bl/AJ, and Sgca-null mice with NRG immune-deficient mice. (plos.org)
Moreover, gene therapy strategies typically do not correct muscle stem cells 10 . (plos.org)
Top PDF Morphologic and gene expression criteria for identifying human induced pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
Persistent donor cell gene expression among human induced pluripotent stem cells contributes to differences with human embryonic stem cells. (1library.org)
PhD in Sciences, Animal Quality and Productivity area of the University of São Paulo (2013) focusing on the themes of cell reprogramming by gene induction into pluripotency and nuclear transfer, and stem cells in human and animal models. (fapesp.br)
Awarded the CAPES Theses Award in 2014 for the thesis titled Generation of pluripotent cells through gene induction and core transfer: bovine pluripotency acquisition model. (fapesp.br)
Previously, two independent gene knockout studies have been reported, with some discrepancies in the observed embryonic phenotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
A) Schematic of the generation of OPTiKD human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and of the resulting genetic circuit which allows tetracycline (TET)-dependent induction of gene knockdown both in hPSCs and hPSC-derived cells. (berterolab.com)
To validate this putative candidate gene and to explore its function, we used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to discover that cultured TPM1 -deficient induced pluripotent stem cells enhanced hematopoietic progenitor cell formation. (biomedcentral.com)

Generation and validation of a PITX2-EGFP reporter line of human induced pluripotent stem cells enables isolation of periocular mesenchymal cells. (appliedstemcell.com)
they are capable of stimulating the differentiation of pluripotent mesenchymal cells to osteoprogenitor cells. (allenpress.com)

Here we extend those findings to humans using only genetically unmodified human naive embryonic stem cells (cultured in human enhanced naive stem cell medium conditions) 4 . (nature.com)
The human body is made up of about 220 different kinds of specialized cells such as nerve cells, muscle cells, fat cells and skin cells. (benthamscience.com)
Mature human red blood cell (RBC) is perhaps among the simplest cells to model, lacking nucleus and internal cytoskeleton. (globaltechbiz.com)
These properties provide stem cells with powerful capabilities for tissue repair, replacement, and regeneration, so human stem cells are of special interest in medical research. (sigmaaldrich.com)
ReNcell neural progenitors are immortalized human neural stem cell lines that can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes sand oligodendrocytes. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In human embryonic development, the blastocyst develops five to six days after fertilization. (understanding-stemcells.info)
Human embryonic stem cells (hES cells) are cultivated from early embryonic cells. (understanding-stemcells.info)
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) are stem cells that are created by artificial reprogramming of human body cells. (understanding-stemcells.info)
One year later, the same was achieved in human cells. (understanding-stemcells.info)
If this also becomes possible in the future with reprogrammed human stem cells, it may be possible to generate a human embryo without the need for natural germ cells. (understanding-stemcells.info)
Evaluation of the cardiotoxicity of mitragynine and its analogues using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. (1library.org)
Broad T-cell receptor repertoire in T-lymphocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
DNA methylation dynamics in human induced pluripotent stem cells over time. (1library.org)
Human induced pluripotent stem cells differentiation into oligodendrocyte progenitors and transplantation in a rat model of optic chiasm demyelination. (1library.org)
Negligible immunogenicity of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from human skin fibroblasts. (1library.org)
Efficient and scalable purification of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells by VCAM1 surface expression. (1library.org)
Genetic background drives transcriptional variation in human induced pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
Scalable passaging of adherent human pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
Efficient commitment to functional CD34+ progenitor cells from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem-cell-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
Functional CMs derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) would provide an unprecedented cell source for disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell transplantation therapy for CVD patients [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The ICM continues to differentiate into three germ layers-ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, each of which follows a specific developmental destiny that takes them along an ever-specifying path at which end the daughter cells will make up the different organs of the human body. (thefutureofthings.com)
In rodents, and even in some preliminary trials in humans, human embryonic stem cells have been shown to bridge gaps in spinal cord injuries , allowing restoration of motor functions. (thefutureofthings.com)
Stem cells, and in particular human embryonic stem (ES) cells, have earned a reputation for being labour intensive and difficult to grow and control in culture. (ddw-online.com)
F urther complicating matters, human ES cells are typically co-cultured with feeder layers of mouse fibroblast cells. (ddw-online.com)
Several growth factors have been identified that promote growth of human ES cells in culture, most notably basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). (ddw-online.com)
However, the use of bFGF for human ES cell culture, particularly at the high levels used by some for 'feeder-free' culture, must be considered carefully, as bFGF may drive ES cells towards differentiation. (ddw-online.com)
Xeno-free media that do not rely upon high levels of bFGF have been developed that contain only humanised or synthetic components and are engineered to support the undifferentiated growth and expansion of human ES cells. (ddw-online.com)
Use of progenitor cell lines can eliminate the need to culture challenging human ES cells. (ddw-online.com)
For example, neural progenitor cells derived from a human ES cell line are easily propagated and require less handling than human ES cells. (ddw-online.com)
To take human organ generation via BC and transplantation to the next step, we reviewed current emerging organ generation technologies and the associated efficiency of chimera formation in human cells from the standpoint of developmental biology. (frontiersin.org)
… "embryo" means a human organism during the first 56 days of its development following fertilization or creation, excluding any time during which its development has been suspended, and includes any cell derived from such an organism that is used for the purpose of creating a human being. (hinxtongroup.org)
A new tumor model, combining human embryonic stem cells (ESC) and tumor cells, develops abundant human vessels. (nih.gov)
Finally, our preliminary data suggest that the ESC-ovarian tumor model has human tumor vascular cells. (nih.gov)
We hypothesize that the ESC ovarian tumor model, with human vascular cells, will provide an ideal microenvironment to support human stem cell growth. (nih.gov)
If successful, this will create a murine tumor model that nearly completely reproduces the human tumor microenvironment with human tumor stroma, vessels and tumor stem cells. (nih.gov)
In this paper, we review the different protocols available to study human Plasmodium species either by using stem cell or alternative animal models. (wjgnet.com)
Chemical conversion of human conventional Pluripotent Stem Cells to Trophoblast Stem Cells. (axonmedchem.com)
Revealing cell populations catching the early stages of the human embryo development in naïve pluripotent stem cells. (axonmedchem.com)
Stability of Imprinting and Differentiation Capacity in Naïve Human Cells Induced by Chemical Inhibition of CDK8 and CDK19. (axonmedchem.com)
Stem cell technologies have opened up new avenues in the study of human biology and disease. (ehu.eus)
In particular, the advent of human embryonic stem cells followed by reprograming technologies for generation of induced pluripotent stem cells have instigated studies into modeling human brain development and disease by providing a means to simulate a human tissue otherwise completely or largely inaccessible to researchers. (ehu.eus)
A) ICMs from HVR1, HVR2 and HVR3 after 12 days in culture and HVR3 ICM after 8 days in culture on human newborn ﬁbroblast feeder cells (hFFs). (studylib.es)
Representative bright-ﬁeld of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) colonies cultured on hFFs (bottom). (studylib.es)
The unique properties of human stem cells have aroused considerable optimism about their potential as new pathways for alleviating human suffering caused by disease and injury. (edu.au)
This issue was considered by the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs in its report entitled Human Cloning: Scientific, Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Human Cloning and Stem Cell Research (hereafter the Andrews Report , after the Chair of the Committee, Mr Kevin Andrews, MP) released in September 2001. (edu.au)
Recent scientific findings related to the early evolutionary stages of embryonic human life are astounding. (bioethicsobservatory.org)
In experimental settings, the ability of human HSCs to reconstitute hematopoiesis is measured by transplantation into genetically immunocompromised mice (e.g. (stemcell.com)
NOD-SCID-Gamma (NSG) mice) and measuring the presence of human blood cells in the blood or bone marrow (BM) after extended periods of engraftment, e.g., 20 weeks or longer. (stemcell.com)
CD34 is the most commonly used cell surface marker to identify human HSPCs as it is expressed on HSCs, in addition to both multipotent and more differentiated progenitor cells of individual blood cell lineages. (stemcell.com)
The greater legal certainty provided by recent court cases means that patent rights, and the investment they attract, can be secured for human embryonic stem-cell based technologies. (schlich.co.uk)
Reproductive Cloning - Use of a donor cell to create a new human genetically identical to the donor. (schlich.co.uk)

The most prominent example is the changes in cell biology and morphology when it evolves from a healthy to a cancerous state [1, 3]. (globaltechbiz.com)
At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)
They therefore represent a more realistic cellular environment for modeling the cell biology and pathology of the nervous system. (ehu.eus)
Cellular reprogramming technologies are a promising tool for the understanding of pluripotent cell biology and also to study several genetic and tissue-related disorders, enabling the investigation of the molecular events responsible for the acquisition of competency into pluri- and totipotency. (fapesp.br)

Mouse naive embryonic stem cells have recently been shown to give rise to embryonic and extra-embryonic stem cells capable of self-assembling into post-gastrulation structured stem-cell-based embryo models with spatially organized morphogenesis (called SEMs) 3 . (nature.com)
The removal of the hES cells leads to loss of the embryo. (understanding-stemcells.info)
The production of hES cells in this manner is considered ethically unacceptable in Germany and is prohibited (Embryo Protection Act). (understanding-stemcells.info)
Germ cells are cells that form the germ line and are already predetermined for development of the next cell generation in the early embryo. (understanding-stemcells.info)
The early mammalian embryo consists of the extra-embryonic cell layers-the trophoblast and a body of cells called the inner cell mass (ICM), which eventually become the embryo proper. (thefutureofthings.com)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
The embryonic cells progressively divide and specialize, gradually completing their own instruction manual, perfecting it, to provide this embryo with an organized, programmed, evolutionary and continuous structure, on its way to birth, adulthood and death. (bioethicsobservatory.org)

The non-embryonic stem cells like adult stem cells are in clinical use for many years and embryonic stem cells are now emerging as an alternative source for the same purpose with huge potentials in drug discovery and toxicological studies. (benthamscience.com)
He discovered that adult cells could be reprogrammed to make them pluripotent. (biovox.eu)
Embryonic stem cells have the ability to differentiate into more cell types than adult stem cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Depending on the type of stem cell and its influence, they have the potential to develop into any tissue (embryonic stem cells) or certain specified tissue types (adult stem cells). (understanding-stemcells.info)
Transferred to a cell culture dish, embryonic stem cells are considered to be pluripotent, so they can form many or almost all cell types of the adult, but not an entire organism. (understanding-stemcells.info)
These adult stem cells serve self-renewal and the development of specialized tissue cell types. (understanding-stemcells.info)
however, there are also stem cells in the adult body. (thefutureofthings.com)
These adult stem cells are considered multipotent, having the ability to differentiate into different cell types, albeit with a more limited repertoire than embryonic stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
Adult stem cells can be used to replace damaged heart-muscle cells and are used in practice today . (thefutureofthings.com)
The most common application of adult stem cells is probably the restoration of blood cells for patients with leukemia, and there are many more applications currently in practice. (thefutureofthings.com)

Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)

They are therefore referred to as multipotent, not pluripotent. (understanding-stemcells.info)
Mariano García Arranz has the following conflict of interest: MGA is inventor on 2 patents entitled "Identification and isolation of multipotent cells from non-osteochondral mesenchymal tissue" (10157355957US) and "Use of adipose tissue-derived stromal stem cells in treating fistula" (US11/167061). (wjgnet.com)

These include embryonic disc and bilaminar disc formation, epiblast lumenogenesis, polarized amniogenesis, anterior-posterior symmetry breaking, primordial germ-cell specification, polarized yolk sac with visceral and parietal endoderm formation, extra-embryonic mesoderm expansion that defines a chorionic cavity and a connecting stalk, and a trophoblast-surrounding compartment demonstrating syncytium and lacunae formation. (nature.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are tissue stem cells originating in the mesoderm germ layer. (understanding-stemcells.info)

If healthy muscle progenitor cells were introduced and could fuse to existing deficient fibers, as well as form new muscle fibers, regeneration of muscle might occur 11 , 12 . (plos.org)
They are responsible for several biological activities involving tissue morphogenesis, regeneration, healing, and cell differentiation processes. (allenpress.com)
Consequently, Klf2a then activates endocardial Notch signaling which results in the non-cell autonomous initiation of myocardial Erbb2 and BMP signaling to promote cardiomyocyte reprogramming and heart regeneration. (elifesciences.org)
This endocardial Notch signaling can in turn non-cell autonomously initiate myocardial Erbb2 and BMP signaling to promote cardiomyocyte reprogramming and heart regeneration, whereas its inhibition through either using tissue-specific genetic-based strategies or altering blood flow impairs this reparative event. (elifesciences.org)
Mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest are of great interest partly because reversing this process could provide a way to stimulate cardiac regeneration after injury [ 17 ]. (springer.com)

Wutz, A. Haploid mouse embryonic stem cells: rapid genetic screening and germline transmission. (nature.com)
Genetic modification and screening in rat using haploid embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)

The cell membrane is really a viscous fluid-like matter which includes several lipids, cholesterol, and inserted proteins. (globaltechbiz.com)
Use of feeder layers requires two cell types to be maintained in parallel and introduces mouse proteins into the culture system. (ddw-online.com)
This dialogue is a wonderful courtship between the mother and her child that prepares the subsequent implantation, selectively inhibiting the possible immune response of the mother towards her child, who is genetically different from her, has proteins that she recognizes as foreign and could reject. (bioethicsobservatory.org)

Recent advances in the realm of stem cell research are due to the advent of CRISPR genome editing technology and more advanced 3D cell culture techniques. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Recent advances in the field of stem-cell research are giving hope to millions. (thefutureofthings.com)
This article will examine advances taking place on both the lab bench and the pharmaceutical production floor that are helping to bring the promise of stem cells closer to reality. (ddw-online.com)

These unlimited supplies of autologous cells could be used to generate transplants without the risk of immune rejection. (wikipedia.org)

The related coactivator complexes SAGA and ATAC control embryonic stem cell self-renewal through acetyltransferase-independent mechanisms. (axonmedchem.com)

Characterization of the HVR1, HVR2 and HVR3 cell lines. (studylib.es)

In particular, an excess of Cdx2 over Oct4 determines the trophectoderm lineage whereas an excess of Gata-6 over Nanog determines differentiation into the endoderm lineage. (lu.se)
Citation: Chickarmane V, Peterson C (2008) A Computational Model for Understanding Stem Cell, Trophectoderm and Endoderm Lineage Determination. (lu.se)
Identifying the right cocktail of media conditions, supplements and growth factors that successfully drive stem cells toward a desired lineage on a reproducible basis is a time-consuming, iterative exercise. (ddw-online.com)
Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
Also making up a part of the hematopoietic system are short-term repopulating progenitor cells, which give rise to lineage-specific cell types. (stemcell.com)
Cell markers, or surface antigens, are molecules located on a cell's membrane used to identify specific cell types, their lineage, and their stage in the differentiation process according to the presence or absence of the expression of defined markers. (stemcell.com)

Since suboptimal media may change the differentiation potential of stem cells, it is vital to select the correct stem cell-validated media and reagents at the start of your research process. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Embryonic stem cells are isolated from the internal cell mass (embryoblast), from which the whole organism develops during natural embryonic development. (understanding-stemcells.info)
At the top of the list comes the zygote-a fertilized egg, which of course has the ability to divide and differentiate into all cell types in the body and create a new organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
The first three divisions of the zygote give birth to eight totipotent cells, each of which also has the ability to become an entire organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
On the other hand, a chimera is defined as an organism in which cells from two or more different organisms have contributed. (frontiersin.org)
XI - embryonic stem cells: embryonic cells that are capable of modifying the cells of any organism tissue. (hinxtongroup.org)

Induced pluripotent stem cells, another types of pluripotent stem cells derived from any tissue by reprogramming and are the homologous source of stem cells. (benthamscience.com)
These stem cells have a potential that in the transition between embryonic and tissue stem cells. (understanding-stemcells.info)
However, they still grow faster than tissue stem cells, which are already defined as cell types of a particular tissue. (understanding-stemcells.info)
They are also called stromal cells and are very similar to connective tissue cells, the fibroblasts. (understanding-stemcells.info)
It has been demonstrated that MSC can differentiate into chondrocytes (cartilage-forming cells), osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and adipocytes (adipose tissue cells). (understanding-stemcells.info)
An organoid is a 3D organization of cells that can recapitulate some of the structure and function of native tissue. (mdpi.com)
ZO-2 and ZO-3 are ubiquitously expressed within epithelial tight junctions, and unlike ZO-1, which is also expressed at cell junctions of cardiac myocytes, ZO-2 is not expressed in nonepithelial tissue. (thermofisher.com)
Technically, the rational of this 3D bilayer hydrogel co-culture system exploits multiple distinct properties of hydrogels, facilitating effective and efficient co-culturing of diverse cell types for tissue engineering. (biomedcentral.com)
CD34 is a transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein that was first identified on HSPCs, but its expression is also present on other cell types, such as vascular tissue. (stemcell.com)

It is already possible today to artificially produce sperm and oocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells of the mouse and to use them for fertilization. (understanding-stemcells.info)

Stem cells have the unique ability to self-renew or to differentiate into various cell types in response to appropriate signals. (sigmaaldrich.com)
They can no longer differentiate into almost all cells as embryonic stem cells can. (understanding-stemcells.info)
reported a protocol to selectively differentiate hPSCs into CMs with nodal-type characteristics, which relies on co-culture with visceral endoderm-like cells and subsequent culture in a serum-enriched medium [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
As the embryonic cells divide and the daughter cells differentiate, they become increasingly specific. (thefutureofthings.com)
A particular field encouraged by the foundation is stem-cell research, with the great hope that it will result in the ability to get cells to differentiate into neurons and support cells to bridge the gap of a spinal cord injury. (thefutureofthings.com)
However, progenitor cells can only differentiate into a limited number of cell types. (ddw-online.com)

Patient-matched embryonic stem cell lines can now be derived using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (wikipedia.org)
Some stem cell lines are immortal and can be cultured indefinitely in the lab, but many are not. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In addition to our expansive portfolio of assay-ready stem cells, serum-free cell culture media, and 3D culture solutions, we offer custom engineered stem cell lines through our easy-to-use Cell Design Studio. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Inclusion of fetal bovine serum in stem cell media further contributes to an illdefined culture system. (ddw-online.com)

Step-by-step cell culture protocols for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) isolation, expansion and differentiation. (sigmaaldrich.com)

To demonstrate the power of this technology, we will generate a molecular disease fingerprint allowing differentiation between three clinically indistinguishable yet biochemically distinct disease pathways underlying the deadly brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme. (nih.gov)
Stem cells are able to generate daughter cells, which themselves possess stem cell properties. (understanding-stemcells.info)
The Keller group described a transgene-independent method to generate sinoatrial node (SAN)-like pacemaker cells, which were identified as NKX2-5-negative CMs expressing SAN markers and displaying expected electrophysiological properties [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Additional markers can be used to distinguish HSPC subsets within the CD34+ population and isolate HSPCs with different engraftment abilities and capacities to expand or generate mature blood cells in culture. (stemcell.com)

Such cells could be used for the development of a treatment against this disease. (biovox.eu)
While treatment using iPS cell will not be ready for many years, the protocol published in Nature Protocols represents a promising step forward in the development of a treatment for this disease. (biovox.eu)
They alter only slightly during embryonic and later development. (understanding-stemcells.info)
The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)
However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
BMPs are further involved in embryonic development and fracture healing. (allenpress.com)
The Matrigel layer, with embedded Schwann cells, not only separates the MNs from myoblasts but also provides a proper micro-environment for MU development. (biomedcentral.com)
Stem cell technology is the latest development in this controversial branch of science. (edu.au)
The ethical and legal controversies that were aroused in the ART debates during the 1980s have been re-ignited with the development of stem cell technology. (edu.au)
From development to aging and disease, the brain parenchyma is under the constant threat of debris accumulation, in the form of dead cells and protein aggregates. (frontiersin.org)
Conditional deletion indicates that Dab2 is dispensable for organ development, when the vast majority of the embryonic cells are dab2 null. (biomedcentral.com)

2014). We were able to derive 3 embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines (HVR1, HVR2 and HVR3). (studylib.es)

One challenge with characterizing tumor stem cells has been finding appropriate conditions for in vivo growth. (nih.gov)
We therefore propose (3) to isolate ovarian tumor stem cells and grow them in vivo using the ESC ovarian cancer model. (nih.gov)
We recently demonstrated that autistic children and their mothers share high expression levels of some HERVs and cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) ex vivo, suggesting a close mother-child association in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). (biomedcentral.com)
Modulation of LDL receptor endocytosis by Dab2 has also been studied in cultured cells [ 36 ], though a role in vivo has not yet been established. (biomedcentral.com)

These changes take place on the molecular level impacting properties of specific the different parts of cell inner structure, but resulting in alterations in mechanical properties of the complete cell ultimately. (globaltechbiz.com)
Molecular motors lie at the heart of biological processes from DNA replication to cell migration. (nih.gov)
Molecular Cell , 82 (1), 190-208. (axonmedchem.com)
Molecular cell, 82(1), 106-122. (axonmedchem.com)

Because they can propagate indefinitely, as well as give rise to every other cell type in the body (such as neurons, heart, pancreatic, and liver cells), they represent a single source of cells that could be used to replace those lost to damage or disease. (wikipedia.org)
And the cells of your retina know perfectly where they should travel and how to form it, just like the cells of your liver or your heart, your neurons, your red blood cells or your bones. (bioethicsobservatory.org)

Cryopreservation and transfer of gonads was shown to be an effective means in bird and mammalian species, while primordial germ cells offer possibilities and potential advantages in bird and fish species. (wur.nl)
Only from the primordial germ cells of the gonadal ridge (progenitor cells of egg and sperm cells) can pluripotent stem cells be cultivated under laboratory conditions. (understanding-stemcells.info)

The cells of the ICM are no longer omnipotent, because they no longer share the fate of the trophoblast, and they have committed themselves to an embryonic fate with the ability to become any cell in the body (but not the trophoblast). (thefutureofthings.com)

Colonies derived from different types of progenitor cells are classified and counted based on morphological and phenotypic criteria. (stemcell.com)

Generation of genetically modified mice by oocyte injection of androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells produce live transgenic mice. (nature.com)

The analysis of pluripotent markers was evaluated by RT-PCR, immunoﬂuorescence and ﬂow cytometry. (studylib.es)

Anatomy63

Organisms18

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs71

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes66

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Vitro25

IPSCs18

Embryos11

Tissues13

Similar to embryonic stem1

Induce6

Generation of embryonic stem1

Produce embryonic stem1

ESCs4

Derivation4

Somatic cells4

Regenerative11

Therapeutic8

IPSC3

Genes16

Gene10

Mesenchymal cells2

Human51

Biology4

Embryo7

Adult10

Pluripotency1

Multipotent2

Mesoderm2

Regeneration5

Genetic2

Proteins3

Advances3

Autologous1

Self-renewal1

Characterization1

Lineage6

Potential of stem cells1

Organism5

Tissue9

Oocytes1

Differentiate6

Stem cell lines3

Fetal1

Isolation1

Generate4

Development11

HESC1

Vivo4

Molecular4

Neurons2

Primordial2

Trophoblast1

Colonies1

Mice2

Markers1