Genetically identical organism genetically identical clone cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

The procedure relies on asexual reproduction, thus assuring that the new organism is genetically identical to its single "parent" cell, and not a merging of two sets of genetic information (as in sexual reproduction). (sagepub.com)
Asexual reproduction is a natural method used by certain plants, bacteria, and single-celled creatures to create genetically identical offspring, i.e. clones. (geminigenetics.com)
A new organism is created by asexual reproduction using a duplicate of a single cell from the parent organism. (geminigenetics.com)
Test 2 Study GuideLecture 11: Sexual ReproductionConcepts- Know that asexual reproduction results in genetically Identical offspring- Know that asexual reproduction is genetically the same as cloning. (gradebuddy.com)
In nature, many organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction. (fullsportpress.net)
Plant cloning, such as the use of plant tissue culture techniques, is an asexual reproduction of plants to produce duplicates from one plant specimen. (wisdomanswer.com)
Is cloning asexual reproduction? (wisdomanswer.com)
In essence this form of cloning is an asexual method of reproduction, where fertilization or inter-gamete contact does not take place. (wisdomanswer.com)
Clones are cells that have come from asexual reproduction or a parent cell. (wisdomanswer.com)
What's the difference between Clone reproduction and asexual reproduction? (wisdomanswer.com)
The key difference between asexual reproduction and clone reproduction is the setting of the process. (wisdomanswer.com)
Scientists have made some major achievements with cloning, including the asexual reproduction of sheep and cows. (listverse.com)

These scientists destroyed the embryos and derived stem cell lines. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Most embryos…formed one or two pronuclei at the time of removal from TSA, whereas a slightly higher portion of embryos cleaved…suggesting that some SCNT embryos did not exhibit visible pronuclei at the time of examination… Most cleaved embryos developed to the eight-cell stage…but few progressed to compact morula…and blastocyst. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Activation of embryonic genes and transcription from the transplanted somatic cell nucleus are required for development of SCNT embryos beyond the eight-cell stage…Therefore, these results are consistent with the premise that our modified SCNT protocol supports reprogramming of human somatic cells to the embryonic state. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
A story in News.Com.Au-which runs stories from several Australian newspapers celebrates the cloning breakthrough because it means no embryos are used in the process! (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
But it is an important step in research because it doesn't require the use of embryos in creating the type of stem cell capable of transforming into any other type of cell in the body. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The Los Angeles Times has waded in to the junk biology game, assuring us that no embryos are threatened in human cloning-WHEN THE WHOLE POINT OF HUMAN CLONING IS TO CREATE AN EMBRYO! (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)
Outline example of cloning animal embryos via natural and artificial embryo splitting. (biologyforlife.com)
3.5.A4 Production of clones embryos produced by somatic-cell nuclear transfer. (biologyforlife.com)
Outline the production of embryos via somatic cell nuclear transfer. (biologyforlife.com)
The Catholic Church has always held that stem-cell research and therapies are morally acceptable, as long as they don't involve the creation and destruction of human embryos. (archstl.org)
When a fertilised egg separates into two or more embryos with almost identical DNA, these twins are created. (geminigenetics.com)
The removal and re-introduction of the nucleus, the electric stimulation of the cell, and the in vitro fertilization all combine to make viable embryos in only about 1 in 200 attempts. (humansfuture.org)
First, while stem-cell experimentation could involve the creation of embryos with the express purpose of destroying them, this is not the only means available for obtaining embryos. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
Thus, there is broad halakhic (Jewish legal) agreement that stem cell research is permitted on "excess" embryos. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
Most (but not all) authorities would forbid the creation of embryos with the express purpose of killing them in the pursuit of stem cell research. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
The controversy over stem cell research is focused specifically on the use of stem cells taken from embryos. (jewishvaluesonline.org)

In SCNT they take the nucleolus out of an egg cell, replace it with the nucleolus of a somatic cell (body cell with two complete sets of chromosomes), and make the egg cell divide into a blastocyst ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
Nor do only the cells of the inner cell mass of the blastocyst become the later adult and none of the cells from the inner cell mass become part of the placenta, umbilical cord, etc. (lifeissues.net)
After many divisions in culture, this single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with almost identical DNA to the original donor who provided the adult cell - a genetic clone. (eurostemcell.org)
To produce Dolly, the cloned blastocyst was transferred into the womb of a recipient ewe, where it developed and when born quickly became the world's most famous lamb. (eurostemcell.org)
In therapeutic cloning, the blastocyst is not transferred to a womb. (eurostemcell.org)
Instead, embryonic stem cells are isolated from the cloned blastocyst. (eurostemcell.org)
Fertilization then occurs leading to the development of a blastocyst which then develops into an embryonic cell. (payforessay.net)
The reason for this is that the cells within a blastocyst are not yet differentiated. (payforessay.net)
Therapeutic cloning involves the creation of an early-stage embryo (blastocyst) and the removal of stem cells from the developing embryo. (geminigenetics.com)
In the first 4 - 5 days after fertilization, the early-stage embryo (or blastocyst) is comprised of about 150 cells, within which there is a region called the Inner Cell Mass containing the stem cells. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
Usually all plants are totipotent but in animals only fertilized egg (zygote) and stem cells in the embryonic blastocyst are totipotent. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Blastocyst -A preimplantation embryo of about 150 cells. (cellmedicine.com)
The blastocyst consists of a sphere made up of an outer layer of cells (the trophectoderm), a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel), and a cluster of cells on the interior (the inner cell mass). (cellmedicine.com)
Human embryonic stem cell -A type of pluripotent stem cell derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. (cellmedicine.com)
Inner cell mass -The cluster of cells inside the blastocyst. (cellmedicine.com)

Another long-term hope for therapeutic cloning is that it could be used to generate cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (eurostemcell.org)
To date, no human embryonic stem cell lines have been derived using therapeutic cloning, so both these possibilities remain very much in the future. (eurostemcell.org)
This paper's main objective is to support the argument that embryo's cloning for one's self to serve as the stem cells' source for purposes of therapy should be considered morally permissible for people who want to prolong lives via this type of therapeutic option . (premiumessays.net)
As such, when a person opts to clone their embryo in order to produce stem cells that can be used for therapeutic purposes that will prolong life, they violate one of these moral principles which entail protecting human life as a duty. (premiumessays.net)
The capacity of stem cells to divide and differentiate along different pathways is necessary in embryonic development and also makes stem cells suitable for therapeutic uses. (ivy-way.com)
Compare therapeutic cloning to reproductive cloning. (biologyforlife.com)
Apart from DNA cloning, two other main cloning types are reproductive cloning, which is concerned with human and animal cloning, and therapeutic cloning, concerned with embryonic cloning to harvest stem cells for research and potential medical treatment purposes. (thehealthboard.com)
Therapeutic cloning refers to the production of embryonic stem cells for medicinal reasons, for example regenerative medicine and tissue replacement. (geminigenetics.com)
A number of large biotech companies and scientists are looking toward stem cells as the basis for a therapeutic solution to cure such illnesses as blindness, diabetes and spinal cord injuries. (thefutureofthings.com)
What's the difference between therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning? (wisdomanswer.com)
Therapeutic cloning produces embryonic stem cells for experiments aimed at creating tissues to replace injured or diseased tissues. (wisdomanswer.com)
Gene cloning, also known as DNA cloning, is a very different process from reproductive and therapeutic cloning. (wisdomanswer.com)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)

Nor is the embryo just a "fertilized egg", or just a "clump of cells", or appear only when the zygote is formed, or appear later after the zygote is formed, or appear after implantation - or even a week after that at 14-days. (lifeissues.net)
1 We fully support this statement concerning the civil rights of all human beings, which applies, of course, to even the most vulnerable among us, including the single-cell human organism, the human embryo immediately reproduced at the beginning of the process of fertilization. (lifeissues.net)
It has been known for over 125 years that fertilization results in the formation of a new genetically unique living single-cell human organism, a human embryo or human being at the single-cell stage. (lifeissues.net)
… "embryo" means a human organism during the first 56 days of its development following fertilization or creation, excluding any time during which its development has been suspended, and includes any cell derived from such an organism that is used for the purpose of creating a human being. (hinxtongroup.org)
… "human clone" means an embryo that, as a result of the manipulation of human reproductive material or an in vitro embryo, contains a diploid set of chromosomes obtained from a single - living or deceased - human being, fetus, or embryo. (hinxtongroup.org)
creates a cloned embryo. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
A cloned embryo-like a natural embryo-is an individual organism, a member of its (in this case, human) species. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
After that, the question becomes not whether to clone, but what to do with the embryo that was created through the cloning process. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Cloning also entails organs and tissues production through cell implantation in cultures with the real embryo that will be born. (premiumessays.net)
The embryo that is used to produce stem cells has an arguable moral status. (premiumessays.net)
However, one may also wonder whether more weight should be accorded the second principle that prohibits embryo's use in generating stem cells because it violates value and respect for the embryo which is the start of a human being. (premiumessays.net)
3.5.U7 Animals can be cloned at the embryo stage by breaking up the embryo into more than one group of cells. (biologyforlife.com)
Describe the process of reproductive cloning via embryo splitting. (biologyforlife.com)
That's why Father Pacholczyk, director of education at the National Catholic Bioethics Center in Philadelphia, said that the efforts to help people understand the immorality of embryo reserch, including human cloning, must focus on humanizing the issue and appreciating our own embryonic origins, not just on the desired results of embryonic or other types of stem-cell research. (archstl.org)
The National Institutes of Health defines a human embryo as "the developing organism from the time of fertilization until the end of the eighth week of gestation. (archstl.org)
The resulting embryo is then implanted into a surrogate mother, resulting in the birth of an animal genetically identical to the body cell donor. (geminigenetics.com)
An electrical impulse is then applied to the egg cell to stimulate it to become an embryo. (geminigenetics.com)
Though pet cloning may be considered a relatively new technology, the process of cloning as defined above is first documented in 1885, where Hans Adolf Eduard Driesch demonstrated artificial embryo twinning on a sea-urchin. (geminigenetics.com)
The source nuclear material can be embryo-derived, fetus-derived, or taken from an adult somatic cell. (childrensmercy.org)
The early mammalian embryo consists of the extra-embryonic cell layers-the trophoblast and a body of cells called the inner cell mass (ICM), which eventually become the embryo proper. (thefutureofthings.com)
The controversy arises for some people because, in the course of harvesting these cells, the embryo is destroyed. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
Monozy-gotic identical twins are also clones as they are formed by split up of the early 2 or more celled embryo into two equal parts. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Embryo -In humans, the developing organism from the time of fertilization until the end of the eighth week of gestation, when it becomes known as a fetus. (cellmedicine.com)
Embryonic germ cells -Cells found in a specific part of the embryo/fetus called the gonadal ridge that normally develop into mature gametes. (cellmedicine.com)
Embryonic stem cells -Primitive (undifferentiated) cells from the embryo that have the potential to become a wide variety of specialized cell types. (cellmedicine.com)
These cells give rise to the embryonic disk of the later embryo and, ultimately, the fetus. (cellmedicine.com)
2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)

Cloning - Dolly the sheep was the first mammal ever cloned from adult animal cells. (wikipedia.org)
The cloned sheep was, of course, genetically identical to the original adult sheep. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning, or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), is the technique used to produce Dolly the sheep, the first animal to be produced as a genetic copy of another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
In this procedure, the nucleus of an egg cell is removed and replaced by the nucleus of a cell from another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
In Dolly's case, the cell came from the mammary gland of an adult ewe. (eurostemcell.org)
After being inserted into the egg, the adult cell nucleus is reprogrammed by the host cell. (eurostemcell.org)
For example, stem cells could be generated using the nuclear transfer process described above, with the donor adult cell coming from a patient with diabetes or Alzheimer's. (eurostemcell.org)
The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)
In most plants and animals, through multiple rounds of mitotic cell division, this diploid cell will develop into an adult organism. (openstax.org)
3.5.U8 Methods have been developed for cloning adult animals using differentiated cells. (biologyforlife.com)
The Church also supports research and therapies using adult stem cells, which are cells that come from any person who has been born - including umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, skin and other organs. (archstl.org)
In multicellular organisms, the new diploid cell will then undergo mitotic cell divisions to develop into an adult organism. (opentextbc.ca)
however, there are also stem cells in the adult body. (thefutureofthings.com)
These adult stem cells are considered multipotent, having the ability to differentiate into different cell types, albeit with a more limited repertoire than embryonic stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
The ability of our body to regenerate some of its tissues is largely owed to the reserves of adult stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
Adult stem cells can be used to accelerate bone or tendon healing , and they can induce cartilage progenitor cells to produce a better matrix and repair cartilage damage . (thefutureofthings.com)
Adult stem cells can be used to replace damaged heart-muscle cells and are used in practice today . (thefutureofthings.com)
The most common application of adult stem cells is probably the restoration of blood cells for patients with leukemia, and there are many more applications currently in practice. (thefutureofthings.com)
What happens when a clone is taken from an adult? (wisdomanswer.com)
As a consequence, clones created from a cell taken from an adult might have chromosomes that are already shorter than normal, which may condemn the clones' cells to a shorter life span. (wisdomanswer.com)
Adult stem cell -An undifferentiated cell found in a differentiated tissue that can renew itself and (with certain limitations) differentiate to yield all the specialized cell types of the tissue from which it originated. (cellmedicine.com)
Cell-based therapies -treatment in which stem cells are induced to differentiate into the specific cell type required to repair damaged or depleted adult cell populations or tissues. (cellmedicine.com)

Sexual reproduction occurs through the production by each parent of a haploid cell (containing one half of an offspring's required genetic material) and the fusion of these two haploid cells to form a single, unique diploid cell with a complete set of genetic information. (openstax.org)
Sexual reproduction is the production by parents of haploid cells and the fusion of a haploid cell from each parent to form a single, unique diploid cell. (opentextbc.ca)
Zygote: the diploid cell produced by the union of haploid gametes during fertilization7. (gradebuddy.com)

The term applies not only to entire organisms but also to copies of molecules (such as DNA) and cells. (who.int)
Producing genetically identical copies of a cell, organism, or DNA molecule. (freezingblue.com)
DNA cloning - also known as molecular cloning, gene cloning and recombinant DNA technology - refers to the process of creating multiple copies of an isolated DNA fragment or fragments by in vitro or in vivo methods. (thehealthboard.com)
The word "cloning" refers to a variety of procedures that may be used to create biological copies that are genetically identical to the original. (geminigenetics.com)
Molecular cloning refers to the production of multiple copies of a DNA fragment or gene. (geminigenetics.com)
The host organism copies the DNA along with its own, producing multiple replicas of the target DNA. (geminigenetics.com)
M13 phage has been variously modified to give rise to a MP13 mp series of cloning vectors which can be used for cloning of a wide variety of DNA fragments DNA cloning is an experimental technique that produces identical copies of DNA genetic code sequences. (fullsportpress.net)
Cloning in biotechnology refers to the process of creating clones of organisms or copies of cells or DNA fragments (molecular cloning). (fullsportpress.net)
Cloning or clone reproduction is an in vitro process of obtaining multiple copies of the same organism using molecular biological and genetic engineering techniques. (wisdomanswer.com)
Clone is, therefore, an exact carbon copy or copies of a single living parent. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Cell cloning is the formation of multiple copies of the same cell. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Cloning forms millions of copies of the same microbe. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
single cell splits in identical copies. (sd43.bc.ca)

Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of cells that contain genetic information. (proprofs.com)
In the nucleus of each body cell, DNA is organized into chromosomes, which exist as chromosome pairs - with each member of a pair carrying the same set of genes. (learner.org)
The team at OHSU [Oregon Health and Science University], which disclosed its work in a paper published online by Cell, created embryonic stem cells by replacing the nucleus in an unfertilized human egg with the nucleus from a skin cell, then harvesting the resulting stem cells. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
SCNT refers to a process that entails transferring somatic cells of an existing organism into the oocyte where the nucleus came from (National Human Genome Research Institute Para 1). (premiumessays.net)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
Thus, the clone would be genetically identical to the nucleus donor only if the egg came from the same donor or from her maternal line. (who.int)
Somatic cells from a donor are extracted, and the nucleus is fused with that of a host egg using in vitro fertilization. (payforessay.net)
This is whereby a cell nucleus is extracted from the body of a host and implanted into a donor's egg cell. (payforessay.net)
Mitosis is division of the nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei. (ivy-way.com)
Interphase is a very active phase of the cell cycle with many processes occurring in the nucleus and cytoplasm. (ivy-way.com)
a smaller, simple type of cell that does not have a membrane-bound nucleus. (edrawmind.com)
The process of reproductive cloning involves the nucleus of a somatic (body) cell from a donor organism to be cloned being transferred into an egg cell whose nucleus (genetic material) has been removed. (geminigenetics.com)
The DNA within the skin sample is cultured and inserted into a donor egg cell whose nucleus (genetic material) has been removed. (geminigenetics.com)
The surrogate mum carries the cloned pet for the gestation period and once ready, gives birth to the clone who will be an identical genetic twin to the original pet whose skin sample was used to make the nucleus of the donor egg cell. (geminigenetics.com)
Normally 46 chromosomes, including two sex chromosomes are found in the nucleus of human cells. (edu.au)
DNA -Deoxyribonucleic acid, a chemical found primarily in the nucleus of cells. (cellmedicine.com)

These range from the eternally young and cute Metaneko kitten to supercomputing bacteria to lickersucker domestic cleaners and grukovores that act as ecological maintenance machines, to say nothing of the billions of species of organisms designed or gengineered simply for the sake of bringing a new species into the galaxy. (orionsarm.com)
Bacterium (plural bacteria) - an individual prokaryotic cell or a single species that is in the domain. (edrawmind.com)
This is achieved by inserting the target DNA into a vector (e.g. a plasmid) and then inserting the vector loaded with the target DNA into a host organism, e.g. bacteria. (geminigenetics.com)
Medical Applications: In medicine, cloned bacteria plays important role for the synthesis of vitamins, hormones and antibiotics. (fullsportpress.net)
George - Bacteria, like every other living organism on the planet are susceptible to virus infection. (thenakedscientists.com)
The virus adsorbs to the bacteria, injects its genetic material, and essentially turns the bacterial cell into a factory for virus production. (thenakedscientists.com)
Then generally, these infected cells burst open to release lots of new virus which then goes on to infect other bacteria in the population. (thenakedscientists.com)
Chris - So the genes survive because the same genes are running in that entire group of bacteria, but the individual cell that got infected has wiped itself out but it doesn't really care because the genes are being propagated? (thenakedscientists.com)
Chris - Are you saying that the same sort of system could be co-opted in response to lots of different stresses and pressures that the bacteria could just ultimately use this to minimise the number of viable organisms, therefore minimise the demand on the food supply that maximise the chances that strain or species will survive? (thenakedscientists.com)
Organisms studied within the broad field span the domains of life ( archaea , bacteria , and eukarya ). (alquds.edu)
The three clusters of bacteria enclosed in rectangles include organisms designated as Ehrlichia , although. (cdc.gov)
Among the obligately intracellular gram-negative bacteria, a genetically related set is classified among the Protobacteria of the subgroup on the basis of sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene ( 1 , 2 , 8 , 9 ). (cdc.gov)
These bacteria have evolved in close association with ticks, mites, chiggers, fleas, other arthropods, and fish flukes into six genetically defined clusters ( 1 , 2 , 8 - 11 ) ( Table 1 and Figure 1 ). (cdc.gov)
C3dg and C3d also can bind to the surface of bacteria and fungi, allowing CR2 on B cells and follicular dendritic cells to present the organisms for immune triggering. (medscape.com)

The vast majority of eukaryotic organisms employs some form of meiosis and fertilization to reproduce. (openstax.org)

Multicellular organisms have properties that emerge from the interaction of their cellular components. (ivy-way.com)
Specialized tissues can develop by cell differentiation in multicellular organisms. (ivy-way.com)
Figure 11.1 Each of us, like these other large multicellular organisms, begins life as a fertilized egg. (openstax.org)
Many unicellular organisms, such as yeast, and a few multicellular organisms, such as sponges, can produce genetically identical clones of themselves through cell division. (openstax.org)
However, many single-celled organisms and most multicellular organisms reproduce regularly using a method requiring two parents. (openstax.org)
While many single-celled organisms and a few multicellular organisms can produce genetically identical clones of themselves through mitotic cell division, many single-celled organisms and most multicellular organisms reproduce regularly using another method. (opentextbc.ca)

If it doesn't, daughter cells won't form properly (or at all) and this may have a negative impact on the entire organism. (learner.org)
Whether a cell used for a clone produces a specific type of tissue, a specific organ, or an entire organism depends on the potential of the cell-that is, how highly the cell has developed into a particular type of tissue. (msdmanuals.com)
For example, certain cells called stem cells have the potential to produce a wide variety of tissue types or even possibly an entire organism. (msdmanuals.com)
The first three divisions of the zygote give birth to eight totipotent cells, each of which also has the ability to become an entire organism. (thefutureofthings.com)

Cells end up being different from one another because different genes within the genome direct their development. (learner.org)
Gene Therapy Although gene therapy is defined as any treatment that changes gene function, it is often thought of as the insertion of normal genes into the cells of a person who lacks such normal genes because. (msdmanuals.com)
Genes and Chromosomes Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic. (msdmanuals.com)
Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
Organisms that contain genes from other species. (freezingblue.com)
Plasmids are sometimes called plasmid vectors due to their ability to transfer the genes they contain from one cell to another. (freezingblue.com)
Numerous biological components, including genes, cells, tissues, and even complete creatures like sheep, have been cloned by researchers, and now cat, dog and equine cloning is widely and reliably available via international companies such as our partner, ViaGen Pets & Equine. (geminigenetics.com)
The twins share common genes with their parents, but are genetically identical to each other. (geminigenetics.com)
definition: Genetic engineering is the process to alter the structure and nature of genes in human beings, animals or foods using techniques like molecular cloning and transformation. (knowunity.de)
Cloning is the method of producing identical genes through different procedures. (fullsportpress.net)
Method of gene cloning is useful in studying the structure and function of genes in detail. (fullsportpress.net)
The various clones representing all the genes of an organism are called gene library of that organism. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Genetics is the study of genes , genetic variation , and heredity in organisms . (alquds.edu)
explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)

In the now-famous "Dolly" experiments, cells from a sheep (donor cells) were fused with unfertilized sheep eggs from another sheep (recipient cells) from which the natural genetic material was removed by microsurgery. (msdmanuals.com)
As expected, Dolly was an exact genetic copy of the original sheep from which the donor cells were taken, not of the sheep that provided the eggs. (msdmanuals.com)
Although many species produce clonal offspring in this fashion, Dolly, the lamb born in 1996 at a research institute in Scotland, was the first asexually produced mammalian clone. (who.int)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
Outline the production of Dolly the sheep using somatic cell nuclear transfer. (biologyforlife.com)
It became a hot topic in 1996 when Dolly the sheep was cloned via a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. (archstl.org)
The cloning of 'Dolly The Sheep' in 1996 by the Rosalind Institute in Scotland, UK, is the most recognised example of reproductive cloning. (geminigenetics.com)
Scientists plan to use somatic cell nuclear transfer for the first human clone, which is the same technique that was used to create Dolly the sheep. (humansfuture.org)
Sheep Dolly is a clone of its mother. (yourarticlelibrary.com)

A type of cloning that occurs naturally is when identical twins are born ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
many are "totipotent" (as the abject fact of naturally occurring human identical twins makes clear). (lifeissues.net)
While the process of cloning occurs naturally and is essential for life, for example among many plants, the concept and practice of artificial cloning has become of considerable interest and controversy as modern technology has made it possible to clone larger animals and potentially even people. (sagepub.com)
There are also naturally occurring clones among animal populations. (geminigenetics.com)
As well as their distinctive white markings and long curved horns, these cattle are special because they are now considered a herd of naturally occurring clones. (geminigenetics.com)
Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical individuals of an organism either naturally or artificially. (fullsportpress.net)
Cloning occurs naturally in asexually reproducing mi-crobes and vegetatively multiplying plants. (yourarticlelibrary.com)

The contributions in this book provide the reader with a perspective on how pervasive the applications of molecular cloning have become. (fullsportpress.net)
Extreme difficulty in developing methods for cultivation of these ehrlichiae and, until recently, the lack of molecular approaches to the study of uncultivated organisms partly explain why these far from rare diseases were not detected sooner ( 3 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)
During the early 1990s, breakthroughs in cloning and sequencing of Norwalk virus and Southampton virus ( 15--18 ) led to the development of sensitive molecular assays (e.g., reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]), nucleotide hybridization probes, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) that used baculovirus-expressed viral antigens ( 19--33 ). (cdc.gov)

However, cloning need not only be used to create a whole organism. (msdmanuals.com)
This is the most known form of cloning and involves creating a genetically identical replica of a whole organism. (geminigenetics.com)

The Ethical Debate Concerning Cloning In the year that has elapsed since the announcement of Dolly's birth, there has been much discussion of the ethical implications of cloning humans. (bartleby.com)
However, the idea of cloning humans is a highly charged topic. (bartleby.com)
In most countries, it is illegal to attempt reproductive cloning in humans. (eurostemcell.org)
For humans, we know there are 46 chromosomes in body cells existing as 23 pairs. (learner.org)
Studies suggest that cloned higher animals (and thus humans) are more likely to have serious or fatal genetic defects than normally conceived offspring. (msdmanuals.com)
Sometimes you might not be well acquainted with the concept of cloning be it on humans or even on animals. (payforessay.net)
Humans and other mammals may produce natural clones, commonly referred to as identical twins. (geminigenetics.com)
In rodents, and even in some preliminary trials in humans, human embryonic stem cells have been shown to bridge gaps in spinal cord injuries , allowing restoration of motor functions. (thefutureofthings.com)

Genetic engineering - taking a gene from one organism and placing it into another. (wikipedia.org)

Nondisjunction in meiosis can lead to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the resulting cells, which is the cause of Down syndrome, Turner's syndrome, and Klinefelter's syndrome. (proprofs.com)
In terms of chromosome pairs, all animals of the same type are alike - that is, their body cells contain the same number and arrangement of chromosomes. (learner.org)
When this happens, it is necessary to pass the entire genome to the resulting two daughter cells in order to ensure that each gets a complete set of chromosomes. (learner.org)
Prior to cell division, all of the chromosomes of the parent cell duplicate. (learner.org)
Before the first occurs, all of the chromosomes are duplicated just as they are in body cell reproduction, but what happens next is different: the two duplicated strands remain attached to each other as the members of each chromosome pair move alongside each other. (learner.org)
Diploid-a cell with two sets of chromosomes (2n chromosomes) 3. (gradebuddy.com)
Cloning vectors in yeast include yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs). (fullsportpress.net)
There is two different process on which the cells divide from the chromosomes, one is mitosis and the other is meiosis. (sd43.bc.ca)
Basically,meiosis is the production of gametes that contain half the number of chromosomes from a body cell. (sd43.bc.ca)
Each body cell has 46 chromosomes, where half come from the father and half from the mother. (sd43.bc.ca)

These stem cells are genetically matched to the donor organism, holding promise for studying genetic disease. (eurostemcell.org)

This long-sought technique may eventually let doctors create replacement cells for a wide variety of tissues from bits of a patient's own skin. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Some cells differentiate to become stem cells which produce tissues and tissues develop to become organs (National Human Genome Research Institute Para 2). (premiumessays.net)
In addition to their ability to supply cells at the turnover rate of their respective tissues, they can be stimulated to repair injured tissue caused by liver damage, skin abrasions and blood loss. (thefutureofthings.com)
In the normal course of gestation, these cells will divide and split off from one another to become every cell in the human body, forming the various organs and tissues. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
Astrocyte -One of the large neuroglia cells of neural tissues. (cellmedicine.com)

the sporophyte produces haploid spores by meiosis that develop into gametophytesAlternation of Generations:Animals are composed of almost entirely diploid, somatic cells. (gradebuddy.com)
In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)

The parent's cells divide and produce offspring that are genetically identical to itself. (doterra.com)
Body cells are formed when existing body cells divide. (learner.org)
At the top of the list comes the zygote-a fertilized egg, which of course has the ability to divide and differentiate into all cell types in the body and create a new organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
As the embryonic cells divide and the daughter cells differentiate, they become increasingly specific. (thefutureofthings.com)
diseases in which abnormal cells divide and grow unchecked. (womenshealthsection.com)
The separated cells also have the tendency to divide. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Every time cells divide, their telomeres shorten, which eventually prompts them to stop dividing and die. (listverse.com)

Elaboration of an international convention against reproductive cloning of human beings has been under consideration in the United Nations since December 2001 when the subject was included in the agenda of the fifty- sixth session as a supplementary agenda item at the request of France and Germany. (who.int)
2. Over the years, the international community has tried without success to build a consensus on an international convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Creating awareness among ministries of health in the African Region will provide them with critical and relevant information on the reproductive cloning of human beings and its implications to the health status of the general population. (who.int)
7. The WHO Regional Committee for Africa is invited to review this document for information and guidance concerning reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)

They are genetic clones of the queen. (openstax.org)
After being free from human interference and the addition of new cattle for over 1000 years, this UK Native breed are considered so genetically similar that they are in fact, genetic clones of each other. (geminigenetics.com)
1.) Offspring are genetic clones susceptible to the same disease. (sd43.bc.ca)

where a new individual develops from some generative anatomical point of the parent organism. (sd43.bc.ca)

The origin of eukaryotic cells can be explained by the endosymbiotic theory. (ivy-way.com)

It has recently also come to mean a member of such a group and, in particular, an organism that is a genetic copy of another organism. (who.int)
This organism is then able to produce its own gametes and fertilize another organism of the same species to continue the cycle.Plants undergo a process known as alternation of generations. (gradebuddy.com)

The term stem cell can be defined by two very important qualities: the cell has the ability to self-renew and, in a more general sense, the cell has not completed differentiation into its final state. (thefutureofthings.com)
This general definition includes a wide variety of cells with varying degrees of differentiation potential. (thefutureofthings.com)
Differentiation -The process whereby an unspecialized early embryonic cell acquires the features of a specialized cell such as a heart, liver, or muscle cell. (cellmedicine.com)
Directed differentiation -Manipulating stem cell culture conditions to induce differentiation into a particular cell type. (cellmedicine.com)
Embryonic stem cell line -Embryonic stem cells, which have been cultured under in vitro conditions that allow proliferation without differentiation for months to years. (cellmedicine.com)
Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)

In the eight and a half millennia since the first crude attempts at gene-splicing on Old Earth, literally trillions of species of bioengineered organisms have been created, or have evolved from gengineered neogens . (orionsarm.com)
Elizabeth Ann is a clone who brings much-needed genetic diversity to her endangered species. (snexplores.org)
Most natural cloning occurs in those species that produce their descendants asexually, that is, without combining the male and female genetic material. (who.int)
3.5.U6 Many plants species and some animal species have natural methods of cloning. (biologyforlife.com)
the method of classifying organisms in which species are arranged in categories from most general to most specific. (edrawmind.com)
How can DNA cloning be involved in resurrecting extinct species? (thehealthboard.com)
We believe it will increase our individual longevity and contribute to healthier, happier lives through organ replacement, and eventually cloning technology will enable the seed ship method for propogating our species throughout the stars. (humansfuture.org)
however, the evolution of these organisms correlates well with the clonal divergence of many species that do not have opportunities for genetic recombination because of their intracellular isolation from other organisms. (cdc.gov)
Importantly, a clear difference between cell wall invertase (CWIN)-catalyzed sucrose unloading in high-regeneration species and the sucrose synthase-catalyzed pathway in low-regeneration species was observed at the bulblet initiation stage, which was supported by findings from carboxyfluorescein tracing and quantitative real-time PCR analyses. (bvsalud.org)

The formation of one or more genetically identical organisms derived by vegetative reproduction from a single cell. (childrensmercy.org)

Clones are an organism or cell, or group of organisms or cells, produced asexually from one ancestor or stock, to which they are genetically identical. (arcticstardesign.com)
a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring. (edrawmind.com)
a named group of organisms such as phylum Chordata or order Rodentia. (edrawmind.com)

The proper definition of cloning is the reproduction of a replicate organism without fertilization or fusion of gonad cells. (payforessay.net)
In this type of reproduction two haploid cells originated by meiosis, the gametes, that are united during the fertilization. (sd43.bc.ca)

Haploid cells that are necessary for sexual reproduction are produced by a type of cell division called meiosis. (openstax.org)
In a young colony, a single termite pair-the king and queen-produce worker offspring sexually by the union of haploid cells. (openstax.org)
A type of cell division called meiosis leads to the haploid cells that are part of the sexual reproductive cycle. (opentextbc.ca)
Gamete: a haploid reproductive cell, usually an egg or sperm, that combines with another gamete to produce a diploid zygote during sexual reproduction6. (gradebuddy.com)
A multicellular diploid plant (a sporophyte) will produce haploid cells called spores through meiosis. (gradebuddy.com)
Gametophytes undergo mitosis to produce haploid gametes, which then fuse with other gametes to create a haploid organism. (gradebuddy.com)
We call these cells HAPLOID. (sd43.bc.ca)

This process allows people to clone living things of any sort. (bartleby.com)
When the cloning process is used in this way, to produce a living duplicate of an existing animal, it is commonly called reproductive cloning. (eurostemcell.org)
It is critical that this orderly and precise process happens every time a body cell divides. (learner.org)
After that first body cell forms, body cell reproduction is the process by which animals grow and develop, and by which new cells are produced and worn-out cells replaced. (learner.org)
In an elegant process called meiosis, each sex cell receives one member of each chromosome pair-23 total. (learner.org)
The process involves two cell divisions. (learner.org)
The American Medical Association (AMA) defines human cloning as genetically identical organism's production through a process of somatic cell's nuclear transfer (SCNT). (premiumessays.net)
Describe the process of reproductive cloning via somatic cell nuclear transfer. (biologyforlife.com)
Artificial cloning is the process of using a single cell from an organism and its genetic information to produce an identical duplicate organism. (sagepub.com)
Lytic cycle - the replication process in viruses in which the virus's genetic material uses the copying machinery of the host cell to make new viruses. (edrawmind.com)
Replication - the fundamental process of all cells, in which the genetic material is copied before the cell reproduces. (edrawmind.com)
Pet cloning is the process where a genetically identical twin is created of your original animal companion. (geminigenetics.com)
When this organism is born, it may need to go through a maturation period, a process known as metamorphosis when the animal becomes sexually mature and often morphologically different from its sexually immature self. (gradebuddy.com)
I other words, it is the process of adding or modifying DNA in an organism to bring about a great deal of transformation. (knowunity.de)
Cloning is the process of creating a genetically identical duplicate of an organism. (humansfuture.org)
By using the plant tissue culture process, these clones can be produced in quick succession and with uniformity - making it simpler for producers to supply consistent quality products on-demand. (wisdomanswer.com)
Cloning is an important process in Recombinant DNA technology. (wisdomanswer.com)
This is part of the natural aging process that seems to happen in all cell types. (wisdomanswer.com)
Mitosis is the process that produces two identical daughter cells from one parent cell. (sd43.bc.ca)
This continuous process allows a population of cells to increase in number or maintain its numbers. (cellmedicine.com)
Stem cell infusion is a relatively simple process that is performed at the bedside. (medscape.com)

Sexual reproduction involves flowers, which house the plant's reproductive organs and are responsible for making the necessary cells and structures for new offspring. (doterra.com)
Gene cloning involves separation of specific gene or DNA fragments from a donor cell, attaching it to small carrier molecule called vector and then replicating this recombinant vector into a host cell. (fullsportpress.net)
A few years ago, in an article in the The Times of London newspaper, the author, Michael Gove, made the following statement: "Embryonic stem-cell experimentation involves not just the destruction of human life but the creation of life with the specific intent to destroy it. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
The technique of plant tissue culture involves micropropagation and plant cell culture. (wisdomanswer.com)
2008). Historically, this concept is highlighted by the experi- factors are key intrinsic regulators of these fate decisions and mental phenomenon of lineage reprogramming, for example, that fate choice involves modulating networks of transcription by the conversion of fibroblasts to muscles cells following trans- factors. (lu.se)
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) involves the intravenous infusion of hematopoietic stem cells in order to reestablish blood cell production in patients whose bone marrow or immune system is damaged or defective. (medscape.com)

Although the simple use of the word 'clone' may have negative connotations, many people have resigned themselves to the idea of cloning cows that produce more milk or using a cloned mouse for use in controlled experimentation. (bartleby.com)
Unlike some movies, cloning in real life doesn't produce a full grown exact replica of someone. (bartleby.com)
In sexual reproduction, clones are created when a fertilized egg splits to produce identical (monozygous) twins with identical genomes. (who.int)
An organism that captures energy from sunlight (or sometimes non-living substances) to produce its own energy-yielding food. (edrawmind.com)
it may remain dormant and later activate and instruct the host cell to produce more viruses. (edrawmind.com)
For instance, it may be possible one day to produce cardiac tissue to repair a heart damaged in a heart attack, nerve tissue to repair spinal cord injuries and cell therapies to treat people suffering from Alzheimer's or ALS. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
They produce clones. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
A number of celltypes come from mesenchymal stem cells, includingchondrocytes, which produce cartilage. (cellmedicine.com)
He recognized recessive traits and inherent variation by postulating that traits of past generations could reappear later, and organisms could produce progeny with different attributes. (alquds.edu)

The transfected cells are cultured and proliferation of the recombinant DNA takes place. (thehealthboard.com)
The resulting clones are genetically identical organisms containing the recombinant DNA. (thehealthboard.com)
i) Multiplication of cells having rDNA (recombinant DNA) and obtaining the required product like enzyme, hormone, antibody, etc. in good quantity, e.g., insulin, monoclonal antibodies. (yourarticlelibrary.com)

XI - embryonic stem cells: embryonic cells that are capable of modifying the cells of any organism tissue. (hinxtongroup.org)
What is the advantage of cloning plants using tissue culture? (wisdomanswer.com)
Plant tissue culture Totipotency is the ability of plant cells, where a cell can change to a meristematic state and can be differentiated into a whole plant. (wisdomanswer.com)
This property of plant cells has an advantage over Animal cell tissue culture. (wisdomanswer.com)
How are clones produced in plant tissue culture? (wisdomanswer.com)
Plant tissue can be similarly taken in liquid nutrient medium and shaken mechanically when cells separate. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Bone marrow stromal cells -A stem cell found in bone marrow that generates bone, cartilage, fat, and fibrous connective tissue. (cellmedicine.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells -Cells from the immature embryonic connective tissue. (cellmedicine.com)

Beyond this scientific interest, the commercial concern in animal cloning focuses on replicating large numbers of genetically identical animals, especially those derived from a progenitor that has been modified genetically. (who.int)
from a progenitor cell we obtain two descendant cells with the same genetic information and equal to the genetic information of the progenitor cell. (sd43.bc.ca)
In meiosis, four daughter cells genetically different from each other, and different from the progenitor cell, are the basis of sexual reproduction. (sd43.bc.ca)
To varying degrees, these fates also extend to the Such state stability is required in stem and progenitor cells to immediate progeny of stem cells, known as progenitor or support self-renewal and maintenance of the uncommitted transit-amplifying cells. (lu.se)

Sex cells are formed from special body cells that are typically located in sex organs. (learner.org)
Damaged organs can be replaced or cloned thus saving lives. (payforessay.net)
The ICM continues to differentiate into three germ layers-ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, each of which follows a specific developmental destiny that takes them along an ever-specifying path at which end the daughter cells will make up the different organs of the human body. (thefutureofthings.com)
If there's no need for an entirely new organism, just the organs can be reproduced and placed in the original body. (listverse.com)

Much intensive research on this technology began, and in the year 1996, the first clone of a sheep was done. (payforessay.net)

Asexually reproducing lower animals like Amoeba proteus also produces clones. (yourarticlelibrary.com)

The real experts to ask about the accurate scientific facts of human embryology are the scientific experts in human embryology who are academically credentialed Ph.D. human embryologists - not the "experts" in cell biology, genetics, doctors, nurses, theologians, lawyers or politicians, secretaries, news journalists, etc. (lifeissues.net)

Cells of a clone are identical genetically, morphologically and physiologically. (yourarticlelibrary.com)

What is cloning, and what does it have to do with stem cell research? (eurostemcell.org)
This form of cloning is unrelated to stem cell research. (eurostemcell.org)
US researchers have reported a breakthrough in stem cell research, describing how they have turned human skin cells into embryonic stem cells for the first time. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
However, it should be noted that these morality principles cannot be valued instantaneously in the stem cell study (ESC 1). (premiumessays.net)
A decade later, cloning came to the forefront in Missouri with the narrow passage of Amendment 2, a ballot initiative in 2006 that constitutionally protects embryonic stem-cell research and human cloning. (archstl.org)
While regarded by many top scientists as the Holy Grail of medicine, others consider embryonic stem-cell research sacrilegious. (thefutureofthings.com)
Recent advances in the field of stem-cell research are giving hope to millions. (thefutureofthings.com)
Avant-garde approaches to stem-cell therapy may be the first stepping-stones to a bright new future of stem-cell medicine and are emerging in leading laboratories worldwide. (thefutureofthings.com)
A particular field encouraged by the foundation is stem-cell research, with the great hope that it will result in the ability to get cells to differentiate into neurons and support cells to bridge the gap of a spinal cord injury. (thefutureofthings.com)
Stem Cell Research? (jewishvaluesonline.org)
What is the Jewish perspective on stem cell research? (jewishvaluesonline.org)
If embryonic stem-cell research offers real possibilities for future cures then, from a Jewish point of view, it may be pursued with caution, humility, and strict supervision. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
in this case, a stem cell. (cellmedicine.com)
Hematopoietic stem cell -A stem cell from which all red and white blood cells develop. (cellmedicine.com)
Long-term self-renewal -The ability of stem cells to renew themselves by dividing into the same non-specialized cell type over long periods (many months to years) depending on the specific type of stem cell. (cellmedicine.com)
Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)
We discuss these properties with examples both from the hematopoietic and embryonic stem cell (ESC) systems. (lu.se)
The nature of the stem cell substates and their relationship to commitment to differ- entiate and lineage selection can be elucidated in terms of a landscape picture in which stable states can be defined mathematically as attractors. (lu.se)
The National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), founded in 1986, and the World Marrow Donor Association (WMDA), founded in 1988, were established to (1) locate and secure appropriate unrelated-donor HSCT sources for patients by promoting volunteer donation of bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells in the community and (2) promote ethical practices of sharing stem cell sources by need, rather than by geographic location of the donor. (medscape.com)

As such, cloning refers to a procedure via which the production of a baby with a genetic factor that is identical to that of the parents occurs. (premiumessays.net)
In the year 1952, the first successful cloning procedure took place. (payforessay.net)
Organism cloning (also called reproductive cloning) refers to the procedure of creating a new multicellular organism, genetically identical to another. (wisdomanswer.com)

General Assembly the following year,3 and the World Medical Association's Resolution on Cloning, endorsed in 1997, have confronted the issue but lack binding legal force. (who.int)

Cloning DNA is helpful in getting an insight into an organism's genetic make-up and how this affects and influences the organism's life processes. (thehealthboard.com)

Scientists have used cloning technology to transform human skin cells into embryonic stem cells, an experiment that may revive the controversy over human cloning. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The method described on Wednesday by Oregon State University scientists in the journal Cell, would not likely be able to create human clones, said Shoukhrat Mitalipov, senior scientist at the Oregon National Primate Research Center. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
For example, scientists have not yet found a way of effectively splitting the telomeres during cell division. (payforessay.net)
Therefore, the issue of cloning is still under serious debate by scientists, professionals and even within academic institutions as well as politics. (payforessay.net)
3.5.NOS Assessing risks associated with scientific research- scientists attempt to assess the risks associated with genetically modified crops or livestock. (biologyforlife.com)
Because the early stem cells have the ability to become any one of the hundreds of different kinds of human cells, scientists are working on research using these cells with the aim of creating therapies to treat a variety of diseases. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
1. Cloning is an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. (who.int)

Biologists have developed techniques for artificial manipulation of DNA, cells and organisms. (biologyforlife.com)
Artificial cloning has been achieved in higher animals. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Cell culture -Growth of cells in vitro on an artificial medium for experimental research. (cellmedicine.com)

Describe different ways in which natural clones can arise. (biologyforlife.com)
On e of the wardens protecting these animals in Chillingham Cattle Park, Denene Crossley, states how "being isolated, they've managed to essentially purify their gene pool, to the point where they're natural clones of each other. (geminigenetics.com)

The researchers stopped well short of creating a human clone. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)

Sickle cell disease is not caused by nondisjunction in meiosis. (proprofs.com)

How do body cells reproduce? (learner.org)
Sex cells, or gametes, are unique to organisms that reproduce sexually. (learner.org)
it can occur in organisms that reproduce sexually and those that reproduce asexually. (who.int)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a type of cloning that has to be done in a lab. (bartleby.com)
Once the SCNT is done, the cloning is over. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The cloning is completed when the SCNT is accomplished. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)

What surprises many people is that every body cell of an animal - indeed, of any multicellular organism - carries its entire genome. (learner.org)
the basic unit of any living organism that carries on the biochemical processes of life. (womenshealthsection.com)

Cytokinesis occurs after mitosis and is different in plant and animal cells. (ivy-way.com)
Also Mitosis is one of the shortest phases of cell cycle, why? (sd43.bc.ca)

Anatomy16

Organisms48

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs47

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes96

Disciplines and Occupations7

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science7

Health Care13

Geographicals1

Asexual12

Embryos17

Blastocyst15

Therapeutic13

Embryo27

Adult24

Diploid cell3

Copies13

Nucleus16

Bacteria14

Vast majority of eukaryotic organisms1

Multicellular organisms6

Entire organism4

Genes14

Dolly9

Naturally7

Molecular3

Whole organism2

Humans8

Gene from one organism1

Chromosomes10

Donor organism1

Tissues5

Somatic cells2

Divide7

Reproductive cloning of huma5

Genetic clones3

Parent organism1

Eukaryotic1

Another organism2

Differentiation8

Species9

Vegetative reproduction1

Group of organisms3

Fertilization2

Haploid7

Process21

Involves6

Produce9

Recombinant3

Tissue8

Progenitor4

Organs4

Sheep1

Produces1

Genetics1

Morphologically1

Stem cell19

Procedure3

Endorsed in 19971

Organism's1

Scientists7

Artificial3

Natural clones2

Human clone1

Meiosis1

Reproduce3

SCNT3

Carries2

Mitosis2