Genetic variation in natural populations. Medical search. Frequent questions

545 - 7 .Genetic diversity and structure in Escherichia coli populations. (cdc.gov)
Genetic diversity and relationships in populations of Bordetella spp. (cdc.gov)
Shadoo from human and mouse populations showed relatively little genetic diversity compared to sheep. (usda.gov)
But our study showed that we have different versions - that there is diversity between individuals and between populations," said Jingjing Li, PhD, an instructor of pediatrics at Stanford and the paper's lead author. (stanford.edu)
Genetic diversity and allelic variation influences in plant breeding and natural adaptation. (fastplants.org)
Appreciation for how cultural diversity is at the heart of Brassica diversity (along with genetic and environmental diversity). (fastplants.org)
Further, diseases may provide selective pressures that shape the genetic diversity of populations or species. (nih.gov)
Thus, understanding disease dynamics and selective pressures from pathogens is crucial to understanding population processes, managing wildlife diseases, and conserving biological diversity. (nih.gov)
On the other hand, hybridisation itself can increase genetic diversity, although the way that it is 'structured' and distributed amongst natural varieties is altered. (plymouth.ac.uk)
The paucity of data on individuals with African ancestry is especially noteworthy as Africa is the birthplace of modern humans and harbors the greatest genetic diversity. (nature.com)
Plant Population, Community Ecology, Coexistence & Patterns of Diversity, Climate Change Impacts on Plant Populations and Communities, and Plant-Animal Interaction. (usu.edu)
the less diversity, the less likely the population will be able to survive environmental change. (berkeley.edu)
Just as evolutionary biologists predicted, Florida panthers experienced a reduction in genetic diversity and an increase in homozygosity. (earth.com)
An extensive literature documenting physiological and ecological diversity make Daphnia an ideal model to study the genetic architecture of phenotypic variation in natural populations and the evolution of genome structure/function relationships in aquatic environments. (biomedcentral.com)
This shuffling and recombination of genetic information contribute to the genetic diversity observed in offspring. (realdetroitweekly.com)
Genetic diversity plays a vital role in evolution by promoting adaptability within a population. (realdetroitweekly.com)
Genetic diversity acts as a buffer against environmental challenges and diseases. (realdetroitweekly.com)
In the face of environmental changes or the emergence of new pathogens, populations with high genetic diversity are more likely to have individuals with genetic traits that provide resistance or tolerance. (realdetroitweekly.com)
Genetic diversity provides the raw material for natural selection to operate. (realdetroitweekly.com)
Nei M., F-statistics and analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations, Ann. (gse-journal.org)
Neuromuscular disease genetics in underrepresented populations: increasing data diversity. (medscape.com)

citation needed] Genetic variation will result in phenotypic variation if variation in the order of nucleotides in the DNA sequence results in a difference in the order of amino acids in proteins coded by that DNA sequence, and if the resultant differences in amino-acid sequence influence the shape, and thus the function of the enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
However, the reciprocal influences of variation in environmental conditions and phenotypic trait expression in spreading plant populations are not clearly defined. (osti.gov)
Genetic and phenotypic variation. (up.ac.za)
We studied the associations between the stem quality, phenology, and genetic structure by genotyping the phenotypic variation at 15 genomic SSR makers of 208 mature European beech trees in four artificially established stands in Lithuania. (mdpi.com)
Three factors have been suggested to increase phenotypic variability and thus potentially the resilience of tree populations: intraspecific genetic variability, (micro-)environmental variation, and epigenetic variation. (uni-marburg.de)
Furthermore, phenotypic changes induced by epigenetic variation can be inherited across several generations (especially across clonal generations), suggesting that variation in DNA methylation might contribute to heritable phenotypic variation and, eventually, to adaptation. (uni-marburg.de)
Although considerable progress has been made in recent years, the link between epigenetic variation and phenotypic variation remains poorly understood. (uni-marburg.de)
Daphnia is a versatile model system to investigate fundamental mechanisms of inheritance and development, cellular function, physiological systems, immunity response, disease, macromolecular structure/function relationships and the genetic basis of complex phenotypic traits. (biomedcentral.com)

Environmental influences on how plant populations change (both through human selection and natural selection). (fastplants.org)
Indeed, a growing body of literature suggests that epigenetic variation might contribute to local adaptation of natural plant populations. (uni-marburg.de)

citation needed] Ultimately, genetic variation is caused by variation in the order of bases in the nucleotides in genes. (wikipedia.org)
Examination of DNA has shown genetic variation in both coding regions and in the noncoding intron region of genes. (wikipedia.org)
We observed greater variation in lower thermal limits, with CT min ranging from 1.81 to 8.60°C, while CT max ranged from 38.74 to 40.64°C. We identified 151 and 99 distinct genes associated with CT min and CT max , respectively, and there was strong support that these genes are involved in both dynamic responses to thermal stress and preparatory processes that increase thermal resistance. (frontiersin.org)
Mutation creates variations in protein-coding portions of genes that can affect the protein itself. (utah.edu)
The present study examined the natural genetic variation in shadoo genes from humans and the model organisms mice and sheep. (usda.gov)
We have a major interest in identifying the genes and molecular polymorphisms that underpin variation in fitness components (so-called life-history traits), such as body size, reproduction and lifespan, and in determining how they contribute to adaptation. (unifr.ch)
Some genes may even "drift out" of a population (i.e., just by chance, some gene may reach a frequency of zero). (berkeley.edu)
All of the genes in a population. (berkeley.edu)
also called allele frequency) Proportion of genes/alleles in a population that are of a particular type. (berkeley.edu)
The movement of genes between populations. (berkeley.edu)
It is now known that bacteria exchange genes over far greater evolutionary distances than is the case for multicellular organisms, and can acquire through recombination (see above) genetic information from organisms which would not normally be considered to be the same species. (imperial.ac.uk)
Leveraging existing technology and stored specimens, HLA genes and variants of immune response genes (IL-10, TNFA, IL1A, IL12B, and CD80) are to be sequenced and genotyped, respectively, establishing a broader set of Hemophilia Inhibitor Research Study (HIRS) enrollees to evaluate existing inhibitor risk prediction models and to investigate the feasibility of developing better models using curated variants in a diverse patient population. (cdc.gov)
The other main issue is that a border wall interferes with the natural exchange of genes within a population. (earth.com)
The core of eukaryotic LGT adaptation claims is that eukaryotes lack the genetic material required to survive in particular environments and acquire the genes needed in order to access those environments from those that already live there. (blogspot.com)
If they enhance fitness, acquired genes are likely to be fixed in the population by natural selection. (blogspot.com)
One intriguing question is to what extent variation in gene expression within a population is controlled by sequence variation within the gene itself ( in cis ) compared with variations in unlinked regulatory genes ( in trans ). (biomedcentral.com)
and translation, folding, modification, trafficking and degradation of protein), and variation in genes that act in any layer could produce systematic variation in gene expression among individuals in a population. (biomedcentral.com)
Genetics refers to the study of genes and heredity, while inheritance refers to the process by which genetic information is transferred from parents to offspring. (realdetroitweekly.com)
Over many generations, natural selection leads to an increased frequency of beneficial genes in the population. (sciencebuddies.org)

Heritable genetic variation for fitness traits is a paradox finding, given our understanding of directional selection processes on such traits. (unil.ch)
That is, the differential survival and reproduction of organisms in a population that have an advantageous heritable trait leads to an increase in the proportion of individuals in future generations that have the trait and to a decrease in the proportion of individuals that do not. (exploringnature.org)
The results show that a major factor influencing offspring susceptibility is family identity, suggesting heritable variation in pathogen resistance. (lu.se)

However, still little is known about the genetic basis of variation and evolutionary changes in such fitness-related traits. (unifr.ch)
To address these longstanding problems we combine population genetics and population genomics, functional genetics, transcriptomics, physiology, and experimental evolution and apply them to natural and laboratory populations of D. melanogaster that are phenotypically differentiated for fitness-related traits. (unifr.ch)
I explored differential selection on male and female fitness traits in red deer and found sexually antagonistic genetic variation for fitness in this species. (unil.ch)
The traits that positively affect survival are more likely to be reproduced, and thus are more common in the population. (exploringnature.org)
Adaptation also means that the distribution of traits in a population can change when conditions change. (exploringnature.org)
Genetic Architecture of Ecologically Important Traits, Determinants of Genetic Variation & Molecular Evolution in Natural Populations, and the Nature & Evolution of Species Boundaries & Barriers to gene flow. (usu.edu)
A synthesis of approaches may provide new insight in to adaptive mechanisms in evolution and the population basis of complex traits. (biomedcentral.com)
Two populations of wheatears provide us with an optimal setup to disentangle the role of the migratory route in shaping their innate migratory traits. (databasefootball.com)
It is important to approach this topic with sensitivity and an understanding of how genetic traits are passed down through generations. (realdetroitweekly.com)
Additionally, studying genetics allows scientists to explore the inheritance patterns of traits and the mechanisms behind genetic diseases. (realdetroitweekly.com)
When individuals have different genetic variations, they possess a wider range of traits and characteristics. (realdetroitweekly.com)
Natural selection favors individuals with advantageous traits that increase their chances of survival and reproductive success. (realdetroitweekly.com)
In a genetically diverse population, there is a greater likelihood of individuals possessing traits that confer a selective advantage. (realdetroitweekly.com)
Over time, these advantageous traits become more prevalent in the population through natural selection. (realdetroitweekly.com)
My main research goals are to understand how natural and sexual selection shapes phenotypes in wild populations, why some populations are more evolvable than others and how the genetic architecture of traits constrain or facilitate evolution. (lu.se)

Current work in the lab involves on the generation of population genomic data sets to analyze fine scale patterns of genetic variation in natural populations and to understand the genetic architectures of adaptation, speciation, and hybridization. (unr.edu)
The Molecular and Cultural Evolution Lab (MACE) undertakes research into the evolutionary processes that shape patterns of modern and ancient human molecular and cultural variation. (ucl.ac.uk)
Infectious agents have been implicated in the decline of small or endangered populations and may act to constrain population size, distribution, growth rates, or migration patterns. (nih.gov)
Natural patterns of plant epig. (uni-marburg.de)
A synthetic view from these experiments would suggest that gene expression is not randomly distributed along chromosomes, that variations in mRNA and protein expression within a single species result from a surprising balance between polymorphisms acting in cis and polymorphisms acting in trans to the regulated gene, and consequently that relatively few adaptive changes could have major impacts in remodeling gene expression patterns over the course of evolution. (biomedcentral.com)
Their rapid evolution makes them useful for tracing the evolutionary history of populations and investigating patterns of selection a. (biomedcentral.com)
Genetically fixed patterns might be slower in adapting to a rapidly changing world, but the maintenance of genetic variation within the populations would be advantageous. (databasefootball.com)
Overall, our study shows that markers located in different genomic regions can yield contrasting inferences on landscape-level patterns of realised gene flow in natural populations. (datadryad.org)
Skin color inheritance follows patterns of dominance and recessiveness, so for a black baby to be born to two white parents, both parents would need to carry and pass on the specific genetic variations associated with darker skin. (realdetroitweekly.com)

To address this lacuna, we used amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) to assess the genetic variability of field and laboratory populations. (unl.edu)
The AFLP results showed greater genetic variability between populations from Missouri and Mississippi (both USA), and relatively low variability within Missouri populations. (unl.edu)
It has been subject of many evolutionary studies within the group, due to its considerable ability to successfully occupy a wide range of environments and also because of its great genetic variability expressed by different markers. (scielo.br)
Our results indicate that the D. willistoni 17A2 strain is a candidate for hypermutability, which presents considerable cryptic genetic variability. (scielo.br)
We analyzed the invasion trend, IPTV and its response to water enrichment, and moisture variability among populations of an annual grass Brachypodium hybridum in California, United States. (osti.gov)

The distribution of genetic and cultural variation in human populations is shaped by demographic history, natural selection, mutation (or innovation) and random factors (drift). (ucl.ac.uk)
In the most massive study of genetic variation yet, researchers estimated the age of more than one million variants to our DNA code, found across human populations. (arlingtoninstitute.org)

Mutations are the ultimate sources of genetic variation, but other mechanisms, such as genetic drift, contribute to it, as well. (wikipedia.org)
Similarly, the mechanisms that maintain the large amounts of genetic variation in fitness components in natural populations remain incompletely understood. (unifr.ch)
I found evidence for benefits of individual genetic variation, and for mate choice mechanisms that help increasing offspring genetic variation. (unil.ch)
Secondly, I started to use quantitative genetic methods to study mechanisms that may maintain genetic variation in natural populations. (unil.ch)
Mechanisms of evolution: Grades 9-12] Evolution results from selection acting upon genetic variation within a population. (berkeley.edu)
Mechanisms of evolution: Grades 9-12] There is variation within a population. (berkeley.edu)
Mechanisms of evolution: Grades 9-12] Natural selection acts on the variation that exists in a population. (berkeley.edu)
Mechanisms of evolution: Grades 13-16] Natural selection and genetic drift act on the variation that exists in a population. (berkeley.edu)
It is therefore important to understand both the mechanisms that give rise to new genetic variation, and the mechanisms that act to maintain variation. (lu.se)

Genetic variation can be divided into different forms according to the size and type of genomic variation underpinning genetic change. (wikipedia.org)
and 3) population genomic approaches to inferring the evolutionary processes affecting genetic variation. (unr.edu)
population genomic analyses of hybridization between introduced and native fishes. (unr.edu)
The genomic research landscape has transformed dramatically since the completion of the human genome project in 2003, but focus in the field has been constrained, in terms of worldwide populations included in this research. (nature.com)
Using this process to interrogate an individual's entire genome, the proportion of an individual's genomic inheritance from specific ancestral populations can be estimated. (nature.com)
Four ospC clonal complexes dence of genetic endemism, recent migration events, and (A, B, I, and K groups) were found to be more likely than recombinant genomic types. (cdc.gov)
In a new study, an international research team found that this genetic colour variation that is shared between several species arose through changes in a specific genomic region at least five million years ago. (lu.se)

A high mutation rate caused by the lack of a proofreading mechanism appears to be a major source of the genetic variation that contributes to RNA virus evolution. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic recombination also has been shown to play a key role in generating the genetic variation that underlies RNA virus evolution. (wikipedia.org)
Without mutation there would be no variation, and without variation there would be no evolution. (utah.edu)
1999. Countergradient variation and the evolution of growth rate in fishes: trade-offs in growth, consumption, and swimming performance. (ccri.edu)
For a more detailed explanation, see our resource on genetic drift in Evolution 101 . (berkeley.edu)
The discrepencies between the populations reflect relatively recent evolution. (stanford.edu)
Genetic information, like the fossil record, provides evidence of evolution. (exploringnature.org)
Because genetic variation is this raw material for evolution, it is important to conserve it and species that are more genetically variable have a greater probability of long-term survival. (plymouth.ac.uk)
In the new study published in Nature Ecology and Evolution, a research team mapped the extensive and striking colour variation among the females of the bluetail damselfly (Ischnura elegans). (lu.se)

Genetic variation within a population is commonly measured as the percentage of polymorphic gene loci or the percentage of gene loci in heterozygous individuals. (wikipedia.org)
To test our hypotheses, we measured the critical thermal minimum (CT min ) and critical thermal maximum (CT max ) of 100 lines of the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) and used GWAS to identify loci that explain variation in thermal limits. (frontiersin.org)
Our main approach has been to use population genomics to identify candidate loci and polymorphisms and then to study and validate these candidates experimentally. (unifr.ch)
Variation at 4 polymorphic loci, including the diagnostic creatine kinase (CK-A2*) locus, indicated that 19 populations were of southern origin, 5 of northern origin, and 32 of mixed genetic origin. (intechopen.com)
Landscape genetic analyses showed a pattern of IBD for all loci and the panel of NTL, but genetic differentiation estimated at TL was only explained by IBR models considering high resistance for natural vegetation and low resistance for agricultural lands. (datadryad.org)
The genetic homogeneity of ospC -A isolates was confi rmed agent, Borrelia burgdorferi , a spirochete that parasitizes by sequences at 6 additional chromosomal housekeeping vertebrates, is transmitted by hard-bodied ticks through- loci ( gap, alr, glpA, xylB, ackA, and tgt ). (cdc.gov)

Females were sampled at random from natural populations immediately prior to parturition with equal exposure of pathogens for all lizards once in captivity. (lu.se)

The sequence in Han Chinese populations had an evolutionarily new variation, perhaps reflecting that premature birth would have been especially costly for the small group of ancestral humans who migrated from Africa to East Asia. (stanford.edu)
This selective pressure suggests that the resistant allele could become dominant in the population within an evolutionarily short time frame. (nih.gov)
Population genetic evidence suggests differentiation among evolutionarily significant units of southern and northern Appalachian brook trout, with the zone of contact in southwestern Virginia. (intechopen.com)

The multiple sources of genetic variation include mutation and genetic recombination. (wikipedia.org)
Crossing over (genetic recombination) and random segregation during meiosis can result in the production of new alleles or new combinations of alleles. (wikipedia.org)
Variation and recombination can be facilitated by transposable genetic elements, endogenous retroviruses, LINEs, SINEs, etc.[citation needed] For a given genome of a multicellular organism, genetic variation may be acquired in somatic cells or inherited through the germline. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic variation and recombination by transposable elements and endogenous retroviruses sometimes is supplemented by a variety of persistent viruses and their defectives which generate genetic novelty in host genomes. (wikipedia.org)
Numerous RNA viruses are capable of genetic recombination when at least two viral genomes are present in the same host cell. (wikipedia.org)
HIV), damage in the RNA genome appears to be avoided during reverse transcription by strand switching, a form of genetic recombination. (wikipedia.org)

Random mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations are likely to be rare, and most mutations are neutral or deleterious, but in some instances, the new alleles can be favored by natural selection. (wikipedia.org)
Understanding how these different processes interact is key to understanding our hidden past and permits, in many cases, detailed inferences on the specific origins and spread of populations, phenotypically / medically relevant mutations and culturally inherited skills. (ucl.ac.uk)
Homozygosity increases the expression of disease-causing genetic mutations. (earth.com)
The mutations eventually generate inbreeding depression, which means the overall population becomes less healthy. (earth.com)
Certain genetic mutations or variations can increase the likelihood of developing specific conditions. (realdetroitweekly.com)
through several different mutations in a specific genetic region on the damselfly's thirteenth chromosome. (lu.se)
By sequencing the DNA of the three colour forms of the bluetail damselfly and comparing it to the two colour forms in its closely related tropical relative Ischnura senegalensis , the researchers were able to demonstrate that this genetic colour variation in females arose at least five million years ago - through several different mutations in a specific genetic region on the damselfly's thirteenth chromosome. (lu.se)

But with neutral variations, it can be impossible to tell which allele is the 'normal' one that existed first and which is the 'mutant'-and the distinction is often meaningless. (utah.edu)
New River drainage populations exhibited the southern allele at high frequency, suggesting their historic native character as southern, with presence of northern alleles due to stocking or stream capture events. (intechopen.com)

This variation is called 'lactase persistence,' and people who have it can keep milk in their diets even as adults. (utah.edu)
In European and many African, Middle Eastern and southern Asian populations, lactase persistence (LP) is the most strongly selected monogenic trait to have evolved over the past 10,000 years 1 . (ucl.ac.uk)

Enzyme polymorphism and genetic structure in Escherichia coli and Shigella . (cdc.gov)

We are interested in the population genetics and evolutionary genomics of adaptation , mainly by using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster as an experimentally tractable model. (unifr.ch)
Natural selection leads to adaptation, that is, to a population dominated by organisms that are anatomically, behaviorally, and physiologically well suited to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. (exploringnature.org)

Intraspecific trait variation within natural populations (i.e. intra-population trait variation, IPTV) is the basic source for selection and can have significant ecological consequences. (osti.gov)
Natural selection occurs only if there is both (1) variation in the genetic information between organisms in a population and (2) variation in the expression of that genetic information-that is, trait variation-that leads to differences in performance among individuals. (exploringnature.org)
Thus, this study confirms the importance of genetic (family) effects on pathogen resistance with variation in this trait among natural populations. (lu.se)
Being an inherited trait, migratory fueling is exposed to natural selection. (databasefootball.com)
Examples of 2-omics analyses include expression quantitative trait locus eQTL (Franke & Jansen, 2009) and methylation quantitative trait locus meQTL (Smith, Kilaru, Kocak, Almli, & Mercer, 2014) that, respectively, assess the influence of genetic and epigenetic markers on gene expression. (researchgate.net)

Numerical variation in whole chromosomes or genomes can be either polyploidy or aneuploidy. (wikipedia.org)

Genetic variation is the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations among the same species. (wikipedia.org)
Differences between populations resulting from geographic separation is known as geographic variation. (wikipedia.org)
Loosely, a measure of the genetic differences there are within populations or species. (berkeley.edu)
Still, little is known about how genetic differences might influence natural selection within wildlife populations. (nih.gov)
The differences in disease infection and mortality rates allowed genetically resistant deer to achieve higher population growth and obtain a long-term fitness advantage, which translated into a selection coefficient of over 1% favoring the CWD-resistant genotype. (nih.gov)
There were no population-level performance differences or feedbacks in the sterilized population locale soils, supporting a soil biotic basis for feedbacks and for the expression of genetic differentiation in A. altissima . (edu.au)

Chunks of DNA are accidentally incorporated into chromosomes creating genetic variation that is neutral, deleterious or, in rare cases, beneficial. (blogspot.com)
During meiosis, the chromosomes pair up, exchange segments of genetic material, and then separate. (realdetroitweekly.com)

Potentially harmful recessive alleles can be hidden from selection in the heterozygous individuals in populations of diploid organisms (recessive alleles are only expressed in the less common homozygous individuals). (wikipedia.org)
However, the extent to which standing genetic variation in thermal tolerance alleles influence dynamic stress responses vs. preparatory processes is unknown. (frontiersin.org)
Once new alleles arise, meiosis and sexual reproduction combine different alleles in new ways to increase genetic variation. (utah.edu)
Just like with disease alleles, the process of mutation creates these more neutral variations. (utah.edu)
For example, a population with many different alleles at a locus may be said to have a lot of genetic variation at that locus. (berkeley.edu)
Genetic variation is essential for natural selection to operate since natural selection can only increase or decrease frequency of alleles already in the population. (berkeley.edu)

Natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow can all contribute to geographic variation. (wikipedia.org)
Natural selection can also maintain genetic variation in balanced polymorphisms. (wikipedia.org)
This process of natural selection can lead to significant changes in the appearance, behavior, or physiology of individuals in a population, in just a few generations. (utah.edu)
Recent natural selection took the genetic code in different directions as different populations adapted to their local environments, the scientists found. (stanford.edu)
Comparison of model likelihoods indicates that population fluctuations, settlement density and wild animal exploitation-proxies for these drivers-provide better explanations of LP selection than the extent of milk exploitation. (ucl.ac.uk)
Infectious diseases are increasingly recognized as an important force driving population dynamics, conservation biology, and natural selection in wildlife populations. (nih.gov)
Here we link genetic variation with differential susceptibility of white-tailed deer to chronic wasting disease (CWD), with implications for fitness and disease-driven genetic selection. (nih.gov)
Our work provides a rare example of a quantifiable disease-driven selection process in a wildlife population, demonstrating the potential for infectious diseases to alter host populations. (nih.gov)
The impact of natural selection, or demographic process such as rapid population growth and bottlenecks, can be inferred from examining the distribution of genetic variation within a species. (imperial.ac.uk)
Unexpectedly, we found that the samples we studied showed no signs of natural selection, once we accounted for multiple samples of the same short transmission chain. (imperial.ac.uk)
This is a project that illustrates the process of natural selection in action. (sciencebuddies.org)
Organisms evolve over generations by the process of natural selection. (sciencebuddies.org)
Natural selection is the process whereby some individuals in a population are more successful at producing offspring, due to genetic variations that they possess. (sciencebuddies.org)
This rapid generation time makes them a good experimental model for studying the effects of selection pressure on a population. (sciencebuddies.org)
Our study clarifies when, how and why this variation arose, and shows that this variation has been maintained over long evolutionary time periods through so-called balanced natural selection", says Erik Svensson, biology professor at Lund University. (lu.se)

By comparing segments of DNA with the distribution of genetic variants in worldwide populations, it is possible to determine the likely "parental" or source population for each segment of DNA, indicating a component of the individual's overall ancestry. (nature.com)

Polyploidy is a condition wherein organisms have three or more sets of genetic variation (3n or more). (wikipedia.org)
In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
A series of recent papers has taken a complementary approach by examining the sources of variation in expression profiles between strains of model organisms. (biomedcentral.com)

In the context of this paper, ancestry is defined using genetic variants based on the distribution of those variants in worldwide populations. (nature.com)
PTPA variants and the risk for Parkinson's disease in diverse ancestry populations. (medscape.com)

Most sub-populations are simply too small to be resilient to environmental variation, or demographic or genetic bottlenecks. (osd.mil)
The study of the factors structuring genetic variation can help to infer the neutral and adaptive processes shaping the demographic and evolutionary trajectories of natural populations. (datadryad.org)

2000. Adaptive variation in energy acquisition and allocation among latitudinal populations of the Atlantic silverside. (ccri.edu)
Research in my lab investigates the evolutionary consequences of species interactions and the genetic signatures of adaptive divergence, hybridization, and speciation. (unr.edu)

Understanding genotype-specific epidemiology will improve predictive models and inform management strategies for CWD-affected cervid populations. (nih.gov)

Changes in the physical environment, whether naturally occurring or human induced, have thus contributed to the expansion of some species, the emergence of new distinct species as populations diverge under different conditions, and the decline-and sometimes the extinction-of some species. (exploringnature.org)
We hypothesized that geographically distinct populations of A. altissima have established feedbacks specific to their local environment, due to soil communities cultivated by A. altissima . (edu.au)
Distinct neuroinflammatory signatures exist across genetic and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cohorts. (medscape.com)

This means that bacteria, rather than simply dividing into two daughter cells, each of which are genetically identical, on occasion acquire genetic material from other, more distantly related strains. (imperial.ac.uk)

Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics. (cdc.gov)
Multilocus genetic structure in natural populations of Escherichia coli . (cdc.gov)

A variety of factors maintain genetic variation in populations. (wikipedia.org)

Despite its importance in evolutionary biology, studies of the pattern of disease resistance in natural populations are rare. (lu.se)
article{c34f0f78-02b4-4f39-a3c2-3d18e368d937, abstract = {{Despite its importance in evolutionary biology, studies of the pattern of disease resistance in natural populations are rare. (lu.se)
The question of how and why genetic variation arises and is maintained over long periods of time is of key importance to evolutionary biology, population genetics and conservation biology. (lu.se)

In order to determine this differentiation, established allozyme markers were used to classify 56 southwest Virginia populations as southern, northern, or introgressed. (intechopen.com)
Bobyn M., Darevsky I., Kupriyanova L., MacCulloch R., Upton D., Danielyan F., Murphy R., Allozyme variation in populations of Lacerta raddei and Lacerta nairensis (Sauria: Lacertidae) from Armenia, Amphibia-Reptilia 17 (1996) 233-246. (gse-journal.org)
MacCulloch R., Fu J., Darevsky I., Danielyan F., Murphy R., Allozyme variation in three closely related species of Caucasian rock lizards ( Lacerta ), Amphibia-Reptilia 16 (1995) 331-340. (gse-journal.org)

Most commercial honey bee colonies are from two Mediterranean varieties of honey bee (Apis mellifera ligustica and Apis mellifera carnica) and hybridisation between these varieties and native ones can potentially erode the local adaptations and genetic integrity of naturally occurring varieties. (plymouth.ac.uk)

It is an epigenetic process that involves DNA methylation and histone methylation without altering the genetic sequence. (wikipedia.org)

The chipmunks' loss of genetic variation may affect their ability to survive and their future evolutionary potential. (berkeley.edu)
This has significance both for conservating species and for the future evolutionary potential of populations to adapt to rapidly changing environments. (lu.se)

Variations that help an organism survive and reproduce are passed on to the next generation. (utah.edu)
All the genetic information an organism carries. (berkeley.edu)
In eukaryote LGT adaptationism, the environment is the source of natural variation, not the evolving organism itself. (blogspot.com)

An ectotherm's thermal tolerance is determined by both fixed genetic factors and plastic changes in behavior, morphology, physiology, and gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
How do naturally occurring polymorphisms in DNA sequence relate to variation in gene expression? (biomedcentral.com)
These evidences are often based on the derivation of standard measures of association, linking (epi-)genetic markers to gene expression combined with gene expression analysis (Wagner, Busche, Ge, Kwan, & Pastinen, 2014). (researchgate.net)

citation needed] Genetic variation can also be identified by examining variation at the level of enzymes using the process of protein electrophoresis. (wikipedia.org)
New technology now allows scientists to directly sequence DNA, which has identified even more genetic variation than was previously detected by protein electrophoresis. (wikipedia.org)

Genetic Variation in Field and Laboratory Populations of the Spined So" by Kathleen Kneeland, Thomas A. Coudron et al. (unl.edu)
1.1: A software for population genetic data analysis, Genetics and Biometry Laboratory, University of Geneva, 1997. (gse-journal.org)

A bottleneck population has less genetic variation and contains fewer breeding individuals. (earth.com)
These individuals were captured in 25 populations located in fragmented woodlands scattered within an area of 1200 km2 in Montes de Toledo, central of Spain. (datadryad.org)
Individuals in every population exhibit variations in their DNA. (sciencebuddies.org)

An individual's genome is a mosaic of segments from different ancestral populations. (nature.com)

Forager mobility tends to be high, although ethnographic studies indicate ecological factors such as resource abundance and reliability, population density and effective temperature influence the cost-to-benefit assessment of movement decisions. (ucl.ac.uk)
2 ). Remaining to be tested are how such factors as natural ca and Europe. (cdc.gov)

The prototype prion disease is scrapie in sheep, and, whereas, Prnp exhibits common missense polymorphisms for V136A, R154H and Q171R in ovine populations, genetic variation in mouse Prnp is limited. (usda.gov)
These studies have led us to explore the role of natural variation in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway and of chromosomal inversion polymorphisms in affecting fitness components. (unifr.ch)
The variations in the progesterone receptor gene - consisting of single nucleotide polymorphisms, or one-letter changes in the genetic code - were found in regions of the gene that regulate when it is switched on and off. (stanford.edu)
Interpreting the functional significance of genetic polymorphisms in natural populations poses a major challenge. (biomedcentral.com)

This process causes gene frequencies in a population to drift around over time. (berkeley.edu)
In general, genetic drift has the effect of decreasing genetic variation within a population. (berkeley.edu)
Random genetic drift. (up.ac.za)

In contrast, modern populations with European and African ancestry had a greater mixture reflecting new and ancestral versions in the gene. (stanford.edu)
The concentration of research and resources within one ancestral group has the potential to further perpetuate and even exacerbate known disparities that negatively affect populations with ancestry that is underrepresented in research (see Box 1: "What do we mean by ancestry? (nature.com)

Humans have unexpectedly high genetic variation in the receptor for a key pregnancy-maintaining hormone, according to research led by scientists at the Stanford University School of Medicine . (stanford.edu)

Here I review recent work in yeast, flies, mice and primates that examines the influences of naturally occurring sequence variation, chromosomal order and speciation on genome-wide expression profiles of both RNA and protein. (biomedcentral.com)

Here we analysed 2,021 Lm-CC1 43 isolates collected from 40 countries, since the first Lm isolation to the present day, to 44 define its evolutionary history and population dynamics. (cdc.gov)

Here, we analyse the role of isolation-by distance (IBD), isolation-by-resistance (IBR, defined by landscape composition), and isolation by environment (IBE, estimated as habitat and elevation dissimilarity) in structuring genetic variation of 25 blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) populations. (datadryad.org)
Slatkin M., Isolation by distance in equilibrium and non-equilibrium populations, Evol. (gse-journal.org)

Remarkably, the genetic divergence between O. bridgesii and O. pacificus is low, which suggests that 1 of 2 scenarios may be at play: the occurrence of a recent peripatric speciation process in O. pacificus, or the presence of O. bridgesii on Mocha Island. (researchgate.net)

Variations in abundance: genome-wide responses to genetic variation. (biomedcentral.com)

The apiary on the University campus provides the opportunity to support and study the native honeybee, the Black Bee ( Apis Mellifera Mellifera), whose population has previously come near extinction. (plymouth.ac.uk)
In conclusion, the present study suggests that management of southern Appalachian brook trout should include: (1) genetically cognizant planning of stocking events, (2) management of populations on a stream-by-stream basis, (3) prioritized conservation of pure southern brook trout populations, and (4) use of southern Appalachian hatchery stocks in restoration efforts. (intechopen.com)
It is cross-sectional survey to study exposure probable that both anthroponotic and to infection by L. donovani in different re- zoonotic transmission of L. donovani take gions and by different populations in east- place in eastern Sudan. (who.int)
Using GWAS data, this study aimed to improve our understanding of the genetic relationship between common epilepsies and major psychiatric disorder. (medscape.com)
In this study, genetic and environmentally induced variation is exploited to capture biochemically diverse strawberry fruit for metabolite profiling and consumer rating. (who.int)

Inbreeding, population subdivision and migration. (up.ac.za)
According to the research, the border wall would also obstruct natural migration routes and cut off future range expansions driven by climate change. (earth.com)
To investigate how much of the different migration routes is reflected in the genetic control of migration in the wheatears, we have been conducting common-garden experiments. (databasefootball.com)

The researchers found that East Asian populations have one version of the progesterone receptor gene that appears to protect them against giving birth prematurely, whereas other populations with European or African ancestry have a higher prematurity risk and other versions of this gene. (stanford.edu)
Importantly, someone's genetic ancestry may have little to do with their identity in terms of race or culture. (nature.com)

Genetics and inheritance play a vital role in understanding the occurrence of genetic disorders and diseases. (realdetroitweekly.com)

Population genetics of bacteria. (cdc.gov)

In a common-garden experiment, birds from different populations are kept together under the same conditions, so that any difference observed in their behavior or physiology must be determined genetically. (databasefootball.com)
check the tag ADOLESCENCE HN - 2008 BX - Nutrition in Adolescence FX - Adolescent Nutrition Physiology MH - Peritoneal Stomata UI - D054048 MN - A01.047.025.600.700 MN - A10.810 MS - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent mesothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy11

Organisms53

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs16

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Psychiatry and Psychology9

Phenomena and Processes109

Disciplines and Occupations7

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena6

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Humanities1

Information Science6

Named Groups2

Health Care32

Geographicals10

Diversity21

Phenotypic8

Plant populations2

Genes19

Heritable3

Traits15

Patterns9

Variability5

Human populations2

Mechanisms9

Genomic7

Evolution9

Loci6

Pathogens1

Evolutionarily3

Recombination6

Mutations8

Allele2

Lactase persistence2

Polymorphism1

Adaptation2

Trait5

Genomes1

Differences6

Chromosomes2

Alleles6

Selection15

Distribution of genetic1

Organisms3

Variants2

Demographic2

Adaptive2

Epidemiology1

Distinct3

Genetically identical1

Multilocus2

Maintain genetic variation1

Biology3

Allozyme3

Potentially1

Epigenetic1

Future evolutionary potential2

Organism3

Gene expression3

Electrophoresis2

Laboratory2

Individuals3

Different ancestral1

Factors2

Polymorphisms4

Drift3

Ancestral2

Humans1

Sequence variation1

Evolutionary history1

Isolation2

Speciation1

Genome-wide1

Study5

Migration3

Ancestry2

Inheritance1

Genetics of bacteria1

Physiology2